CN114618684B - Flotation method for strengthening gold-loaded pyrite in high-mud environment - Google Patents
Flotation method for strengthening gold-loaded pyrite in high-mud environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114618684B CN114618684B CN202210247650.0A CN202210247650A CN114618684B CN 114618684 B CN114618684 B CN 114618684B CN 202210247650 A CN202210247650 A CN 202210247650A CN 114618684 B CN114618684 B CN 114618684B
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- QWENMOXLTHDKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCOC(S)=S QWENMOXLTHDKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical group [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- QKSIFUGZHOUETI-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;azane Chemical group N.N.N.N.[Cu+2] QKSIFUGZHOUETI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical group CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 ion compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-O butylazanium Chemical compound CCCC[NH3+] HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QWENMOXLTHDKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M pentoxymethanedithioate Chemical compound CCCCCOC([S-])=S QWENMOXLTHDKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical class [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008396 flotation agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/018—Mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/04—Frothers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/06—Depressants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/025—Precious metal ores
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a flotation method for strengthening gold-loaded pyrite in a high-sludge environment, which comprises the following steps: crushing and wet-grinding raw ore to prepare ore pulp with the concentration of 30-35 wt%; adding a flotation reagent into the obtained ore pulp, and performing quick flotation to obtain high-grade gold concentrate and quick-floating tailings; adding a regulator, an inhibitor, an activator, a synergist, a catcher and a foaming agent into the obtained fast floating tailings, and performing rough concentration to obtain rough concentrate and rough tailings; and performing closed-circuit concentration twice on the obtained rough concentrate to obtain low-grade gold concentrate. Before a large amount of chemicals are added for size mixing, the invention carries out one-time quick flotation, quickly and fully carries out flotation to recover the gold-loaded pyrite with better floatability in the ore pulp, and realizes 'early recovery' and 'early recovery'; the efficient slime inhibitor and the synergist are added into the fast-floating tailings at the same time, and efficient mineral separation and recovery of the gold-bearing pyrite in a high-argillaceous complex ore pulp environment are realized under the synergistic effect of the efficient slime inhibitor and the synergist.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral separation, in particular to a flotation method for strengthening gold-loaded pyrite in a high-mud environment.
Background
The mud-containing gold ore is a gold ore resource with wide distribution, and raw ore generally contains a large amount of easily argillaceous or well-floatability mud gangue minerals such as mica, dolomite, iron dolomite, chlorite, kaolinite and the like.
A large amount of argillaceous gangue minerals are argillized in the ore grinding process, interference is easily caused to target minerals in the subsequent ore dressing process, the ore dressing efficiency is influenced, the industrial production index is not ideal (the grade of gold concentrate is generally lower than 30g/t, the gold recovery rate is generally lower than 85%), and the resource recovery technology difficulty is large.
The main recovery method of the slime-containing refractory gold ore is a flotation method, and the technical breakthrough point focuses on the research and development of efficient collecting agents and the optimization of process flow structures. The specific collecting agent for gold is developed and applied, the recovery rate of gold can be obviously improved (by 3-4 percent) within a certain range, the same-level technical indexes can be usually realized by screening combined medicines, but the new agent has long application period, high safety and environmental protection pressure and high production cost, and is not suitable for large-scale production. The optimization of the process flow structure mostly focuses on the step grinding and step separation (the grinding and separation process flow of two-stage grinding, coarse grain magnetic separation and tailing discarding and coarse concentrate regrinding and recleaning), the mud and sand separation, the pre-desliming, the full mud cyaniding method and the like, and each process optimization measure can improve the mineral separation index to a certain extent, but has the more prominent defects: the step grinding step selection process is long and the process stability is poor; the stability of the comprehensive technical indexes of the mud and sand separation is poor; the pre-desliming backwater is difficult to recycle, and the desliming amount is not well controlled; the total mud cyanidation method has higher cost, and high-toxicity cyanide is used in the process, so the final recovery technical index is still not ideal, and the like.
In recent years, research teams have adopted efficient slime inhibitors to treat slime-containing gold ores and successfully achieved industrial application, and the starting point is to reduce the interference of slime and neglect the improvement of the flotation efficiency of target minerals.
In view of the above, there is a need to design an improved method for enhanced floatation of gold-bearing pyrite in a high-sludge environment to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flotation method for strengthening gold-loaded pyrite in a high-sludge environment, which carries out one-time rapid flotation on raw ores and realizes 'early recovery' on the gold-loaded pyrite; meanwhile, the efficient slime inhibitor and the synergist are added into the fast-floating tailings, and efficient mineral separation and recovery of the gold-bearing pyrite in a high-argillaceous complex ore pulp environment are realized under the synergistic effect of the efficient slime inhibitor and the synergist.
In order to realize the aim, the invention provides a method for intensively floating gold-loaded pyrite in a high-sludge environment, which comprises the following steps:
s1, fine grinding: crushing and wet-grinding raw ore to prepare ore pulp with the concentration of 30-35 wt%;
s2, quick flotation: adding a flotation reagent into the ore pulp obtained in the step S1, and performing rapid flotation to obtain high-grade gold concentrate and rapid flotation tailings;
s3, roughing: adding a regulator, an inhibitor, an activator, a synergist, a catcher and a foaming agent into the fast floating tailings obtained in the step S2, and performing rough concentration to obtain rough concentrate and rough tailings;
s4, selection: and (4) performing closed-circuit concentration twice on the rough concentration concentrate obtained in the step (S3) to obtain low-grade gold concentrate.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3, the inhibitor includes a silicate gangue inhibitor and a slime inhibitor.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the step S3, the regulator is sodium carbonate, and the dosage is 500-2000g/t; the silicate gangue inhibitor is water glass, and the using amount of the silicate gangue inhibitor is 100-1000g/t; the slime inhibitor is prepared by mixing and compounding 30-40 wt% of plant tannin extract, 45-50 wt% of sodium humate and 15-25 wt% of sodium hydroxide to obtain the high-efficiency slime inhibitor combining high molecular organic matters and inorganic matters, wherein the dosage of the slime inhibitor is 100-500g/t; the activating agent is copper sulfate, and the dosage is 50-150g/t; the synergist is a copper-ammonia complex, namely a chemically modified copper tetraammine (II) complex ion compound, copper sulfate and concentrated ammonia water respectively react according to the proportion of 1 (1-1.3), and then 1% -2% of slaked lime is added to prepare the high-efficiency gold-loaded pyrite synergist, and the dosage is 10-250g/t; the trapping agent is a composite trapping agent of amyl xanthate and butylammonium nigrum, and the dosage is (100-300) + (5-30) g/t; the foaming agent is 2# oil, and the dosage is 10-30g/t.
As a further improvement of the invention, in step S1, raw ore is firstly crushed to-2 mm, and then the crushed ore is subjected to wet grinding, wherein the part of the obtained ore pulp with the particle size of-0.074 mm accounts for 75-80% of the total weight.
As a further improvement of the invention, the flotation reagent in step S2 comprises a catcher and a frother; the catching agent is ethyl xanthate, and the dosage is 20-60g/t; the foaming agent is 2# oil, and the dosage is 5-10g/t.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the two closed-circuit refining processes in the step S4, an inhibitor is added in one refining process, and no medicament is added in the second refining process; the primary concentration is to carry out concentration on the rough concentration concentrate to obtain a concentrated concentrate 1 and a concentrated middling 1; the secondary concentration is to carry out concentration on the obtained concentrated concentrate 1 to obtain a concentrated concentrate 2 and a concentrated middling 2;
regrinding and recleaning the selected middlings 1 to obtain recleaning middlings and recleaning tailings; the recleaning middlings and the concentrating middlings 2 are combined and returned to primary concentrating equipment; and returning the recleaning tailings to the roughing equipment.
As a further improvement of the invention, the method also comprises the following steps:
s5, scavenging: and (4) performing closed circuit scavenging on the roughed tailings obtained in the step (S3) for three times to obtain final tailings.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the three times of closed circuit scavenging, the composite capture agent of the amyl xanthate and the ammonium-butyl black is added in one time of scavenging, and only the capture agent of the amyl xanthate is added in both the second scavenging and the third scavenging.
As a further improvement of the invention, the primary scavenging is to carry out scavenging on the rougher tailings to obtain scavenged middlings 1 and scavenged tailings 1; the secondary scavenging is to perform scavenging on the scavenged tailings 1 to obtain scavenged middlings 2 and scavenged tailings 2; the third scavenging is to perform scavenging on the scavenged tailings 2 to obtain scavenged middlings 3 and scavenged tailings 3;
the scavenging middling 2 and the scavenging middling 3 sequentially return to the scavenging equipment at the last time step by step; and returning the scavenged middling 1 obtained by the primary scavenging to roughing equipment.
As a further improvement of the invention, for the high-mud-containing gold-loaded pyrite with the gold grade of the raw ore of 2-3g/t, the gold grade of the obtained high-grade gold concentrate is 50-70g/t, the gold grade of the low-grade gold concentrate is 15-20g/t, the total gold grade is 30-35g/t, and the total gold recovery rate is 85-88%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention provides a flotation method for strengthening gold-bearing pyrite in a high-mud environment, which is characterized in that before a large amount of chemicals are added for size mixing, one-time quick flotation is firstly carried out, the gold-bearing pyrite with better flotability in ore pulp is quickly and fully recovered by flotation, the early recovery can be realized, and meanwhile, the problem of surface pollution of fresh minerals caused by size mixing of a large amount of chemicals is avoided, so that the floatability of the gold-bearing pyrite is reduced, and conditions are created for improving the total gold recovery rate. The efficient slime inhibitor and the synergist are added into the fast-floating tailings obtained by fast flotation, under the synergistic effect of the efficient slime inhibitor and the synergist, the problem of efficient flotation of part of gold-loaded pyrite with poor flotability due to poor crystallization degree is effectively solved, the interference of slime on the flotation process of the gold-loaded pyrite is remarkably reduced, the flotation efficiency of part of the gold-loaded pyrite with poor flotability is improved, efficient mineral separation and recovery of the gold-loaded pyrite in a high-argillaceous complex ore pulp environment is realized, the recovery rate of gold in slime-containing refractory gold ores is greatly improved, and a new technical idea is created for maximizing the recovery rate of gold mineral separation. In addition, the slime is not required to be deslimed or separated, so that the loss of more gold-bearing pyrite caused by the desliming process and the silt separation process is avoided, the gold recovery rate is reduced, the process flow is simplified, the problem of large ore circulation in the slime-bearing gold ore is effectively solved, the stability of the flotation process is improved, and conditions are provided for improving the gold recovery rate.
(2) The invention provides a flotation method for strengthening gold-loaded pyrites in a high-mud environment, which aims at the technical problem of low flotation efficiency of gold-loaded pyrites in a high-mud slurry environment, adopts a process of 'quick flotation-full-grain-level roughing-concentrated middlings regrinding and recleaning flotation', and regrinding and recleaning concentrated middlings, so that the dissociation degree of the gold-loaded pyrites can be improved, micro-fine-grain gold minerals can be fully recovered, the return position of the concentrated middlings is optimized, and the flow stability is improved; and the roughing concentrate and the roughing tailings form a closed loop for multiple concentration and scavenging, so that the high-efficiency flotation of the gold-loaded pyrite is realized, the gold dressing recovery rate is greatly increased, and the technical problem of the high-efficiency flotation of the refractory gold-loaded pyrite in the high slime pulp environment is solved. In addition, under the combined action of high-concentration size mixing, low-concentration flotation and an inhibitor, the recovery rate of gold beneficiation is improved, and the beneficiation cost is not increased.
(3) The invention provides a flotation method of a high-mud-content gold-loaded pyrite with a gold grade of 2-3g/t of a raw ore, and provides a high-grade gold concentrate with a gold grade of 50-70g/t, a low-grade gold concentrate with a gold grade of 15-20g/t, a total gold grade of 30-35g/t, a total gold recovery rate of 85-88%, wherein the gold flotation recovery rate is increased by 5-10 percentage points, and the utilization rate of gold ore resources is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the enhanced gold-bearing pyrite flotation method in a high-sludge environment.
Fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of another form of the enhanced gold-bearing pyrite flotation method in a high-sludge environment according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not closely related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it is also to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the present invention provides a method for enhanced floatation of gold-bearing pyrite in a high-sludge environment, comprising the following steps:
s1, fine grinding:
the raw ore is firstly crushed to minus 2mm, then the crushed ore is subjected to wet grinding to prepare ore pulp with the concentration of 30wt% -35wt%, and the part with the granularity of minus 0.074mm of the obtained ore pulp accounts for 75% -80% of the total weight.
The raw ore is ground to a certain fineness, and each mineral component in the raw ore is mechanically dissociated, so that the subsequent ore dressing process is facilitated.
S2, quick flotation:
and (4) adding flotation agents such as a catching agent and a foaming agent into the ore pulp obtained in the step (S1) for quick flotation to obtain high-grade gold concentrate and quick-floating tailings.
The catching agent is preferably ethyl xanthate, the dosage is 20-60g/t, and the ethyl xanthate is used as a nonpolar hydrocarbon oil collecting agent, so that the hydrophobicity of the surface of the mineral can be changed, and the pyrite with better floatability floats upwards firstly, thereby achieving the purpose of mineral separation; the foaming agent is preferably No. 2 oil, the dosage is 5-10g/t, and the foaming agent can enable pyrite to be adhered to the surface of bubbles and float, so that the flotation efficiency is further improved.
S3, roughing:
and (3) adding a regulator, a silicate gangue inhibitor, a slime inhibitor, an activator, a synergist, a trapping agent and a foaming agent into the fast floating tailings obtained in the step (S2) for roughing to obtain roughed concentrate and roughed tailings.
Specifically, the regulator is preferably sodium carbonate, the using amount is 500-2000g/t, and the regulator can regulate the flotation environment to a proper pH value; the silicate gangue inhibitor is preferably water glass, the dosage is 100-1000g/t, and the water glass isAn inorganic colloid is easy to adsorb on the surface of silicate gangue mineral to form a hydrophilic film, so that the hydrophilicity of the mineral surface is increased and the mineral surface is well inhibited; the slime inhibitor is a high-efficiency slime inhibitor compounded by high molecular organic matters and inorganic matters, preferably XJ-12, namely, the slime inhibitor is prepared by mixing and compounding 30-40 mass percent of plant tannin extract, 45-50 mass percent of sodium humate and 15-25 mass percent of sodium hydroxide, wherein the dosage is 100-500g/t, and the slime inhibitor can inhibit the slime from floating up and is beneficial to separating useful minerals from the slime; the activator is preferably copper sulfate, the dosage is 50-150g/t, and the activator can promote the action of minerals and the catcher or eliminate the inhibiting effect of the inhibitor on the minerals; the synergist is copper ammonia complex, preferably AXJ-1, which is prepared by reacting copper sulfate and concentrated ammonia water according to the ratio of 1-1.3, and adding 1% -2% of slaked lime (Ca (OH) 2 ) The modified copper (II) tetraammine complex ion compound prepared by size mixing has the dosage of 10-250g/t, and the synergist can accelerate the flotation rate of part of pyrite with poor flotability, so that the rest pyrite in the fast-floating tailings can be further separated; the trapping agent is preferably a composite trapping agent of amyl xanthate and ammonium-butyl nipagin, the dosage is (100-300) + (5-30) g/t, the composite trapping agent is more beneficial to the floating of the residual pyrite with poor flotability, and the purpose of mineral separation is further achieved; the foaming agent is preferably 2# oil, the dosage is 10-30g/t, and the foaming agent can enable pyrite to be adhered to the surface of bubbles and float, so that the flotation efficiency is further improved.
S4, selection:
and (4) performing closed-circuit concentration twice on the rough concentration concentrate obtained in the step (S3) to obtain low-grade gold concentrate.
Specifically, silicate gangue inhibitor water glass and slime inhibitor XJ-12 are added in one selection, wherein the dosage of the water glass is 20-300g/t, and the dosage of the XJ-12 is 20-100g/t. And the first concentration is to perform concentration on the rough concentrate to obtain concentrated concentrate 1 and concentrated middling 1.
And (4) carrying out secondary concentration (without adding a medicament) on the concentrated concentrate 1 to obtain a concentrated concentrate 2 and a concentrated middling 2, wherein the concentrated concentrate 2 is the low-grade gold concentrate.
And adding water glass into the selected middlings 1 for regrinding and recleaning, wherein the regrinding is carried out until the part with the granularity of 0.037mm accounts for 90-95% of the total weight, so as to obtain recleaning middlings and recleaning tailings. The dosage of the water glass is 20-200g/t. And combining the recleaning middlings and the fine-selected middlings 2 and returning the mixture to the primary fine-selecting equipment, and returning the recleaning tailings to the rough-selecting equipment to form a closed loop.
S5, scavenging:
and (4) performing closed circuit scavenging on the roughed tailings obtained in the step (S3) for three times to obtain final tailings.
Specifically, the composite capture agent of the amyl xanthate and the ammonium buterate is added in one scavenging process, and the dosage is (20-120) + (2-15) g/t. And the primary scavenging is to perform scavenging on the rougher tailings to obtain scavenged middling 1 and scavenged tailings 1.
And (4) carrying out secondary scavenging on the scavenged tailing 1 to obtain scavenged middling 2 and scavenged tailing 2. The secondary scavenging is added with the amyl xanthate catcher with the dosage of 5-50g/t.
And (3) carrying out scavenging on the scavenged tailings 2 for three times to obtain scavenged middlings 3 and scavenged tailings 3, wherein the scavenged tailings 3 are final tailings. Adding pentylxanthate catcher in an amount of 3-30g/t for three times of scavenging.
And the scavenging middlings 2 and the scavenging middlings 3 are sequentially returned to the previous scavenging equipment step by step, namely the scavenging middlings 3 are returned to the secondary scavenging equipment, and the scavenging middlings 2 are returned to the primary scavenging equipment. And returning the scavenged middlings 1 obtained by the primary scavenging to the roughing equipment (returning the recleaning tailings and the scavenged middlings 1 to the roughing equipment). So configured, a closed loop is once again formed.
Step S1 is a neutral ore pulp environment, step S2-S5 is a weak alkaline environment, the pH value of the ore pulp is 8-8.5, the ore mud is restrained from floating and being carried indiscriminately, and the floatation of the gold-bearing pyrite is enhanced. When the gold grade of the fast-floating tailings is higher, the scavenging middlings 1 and the concentrating middlings 1 can be combined for regrinding and recleaning.
The process does not need a desliming process, simplifies the process flow and realizes the quick recycling of the tailing water, and because the desliming process is influenced by the residual medicament in the return water, more pyrite can be lost, and the recovery rate of the final gold concentrate is influenced.
For the high-mud-containing gold-loaded pyrite with the gold grade of 2-3g/t of the raw ore, the gold grade of the obtained high-grade gold concentrate is 50-70g/t, the gold grade of the low-grade gold concentrate is 15-20g/t, the total gold grade is 30-35g/t, and the total gold recovery rate is 85-88%.
The invention is described in detail below by means of a number of examples:
example 1:
a method for flotation of gold-loaded pyrite in a high-sludge environment comprises the following steps:
the raw ore in the embodiment comprises the following main components in percentage by weight: pyrite 5.83wt% (main gold-bearing mineral), mica 17.82wt%, iron dolomite 20.61wt%, chlorite 2.58wt%, dolomite 5.82wt%.
S1, fine grinding:
the raw ore is firstly crushed to minus 2mm, then the crushed ore is subjected to wet grinding to prepare ore pulp with the concentration of 32 weight percent, and the part of the obtained ore pulp with the particle size of minus 74 mu m accounts for 78 percent of the total weight.
S2, quick flotation:
and (2) adding ethyl xanthate and No. 2 oil into the ore pulp obtained in the step (S1) for rapid flotation to obtain high-grade gold concentrate and rapid flotation tailings.
Wherein, the dosage of the ethyl xanthate is 50g/t, and the dosage of the No. 2 oil is 7g/t.
S3, roughing:
and (3) adding sodium carbonate, water glass, a slime inhibitor XJ-12, copper sulfate, a synergist AXJ-1, a composite catching agent of amyl xanthate and ammonium butanamite and No. 2 oil into the quick floating tailings obtained in the step (S2), and performing rough concentration to obtain rough concentrate and rough tailings.
Specifically, the dosage of sodium carbonate is 1000g/t, the dosage of water glass is 500g/t, the dosage of a slime inhibitor XJ-12 is 200g/t, the dosage of copper sulfate is 100g/t, the dosage of a synergist AXJ-1 is 200g/t, the dosage of a composite capture agent of amyl xanthate and ammonium nitrate nigride is 200+20g/t, and the dosage of No. 2 oil is 14g/t.
S4, selection:
and (4) performing closed-circuit concentration twice on the rough concentration concentrate obtained in the step (S3) to obtain low-grade gold concentrate.
Specifically, silicate gangue inhibitor water glass and slime inhibitor XJ-12 are added in one selection, wherein the dosage of the water glass is 200g/t, and the dosage of the XJ-12 is 50g/t. And the primary concentration is to carry out concentration on the rough concentrate to obtain concentrated concentrate 1 and concentrated middling 1.
And (3) carrying out secondary concentration (without adding a medicament) on the concentrated concentrate 1 to obtain a concentrated concentrate 2 and a concentrated middling 2, wherein the concentrated concentrate 2 is the low-grade gold concentrate.
And adding water glass into the selected middlings 1 for regrinding and recleaning until the part with the granularity of 0.037mm accounts for 93 percent of the total weight, so as to obtain recleaning middlings and recleaning tailings. The amount of the water glass is 100g/t. And combining the recleaning middlings and the concentrating middlings 2 and returning the recleaning middlings and the concentrating middlings to the primary concentrating equipment, and returning the recleaning tailings to the roughing equipment to form a closed loop.
S5, scavenging:
and (4) performing closed circuit scavenging on the roughed tailings obtained in the step (S3) for three times to obtain final tailings.
Specifically, the compound capturing agent of amyl xanthate and ammonium-butyl-ammonium-nigrum is added in one scavenging, and the dosage is 100+10g/t. And the primary scavenging is to perform scavenging on the roughing tailings to obtain scavenged middlings 1 and scavenged tailings 1.
And (4) carrying out secondary scavenging on the scavenged tailing 1 to obtain scavenged middling 2 and scavenged tailing 2. The second scavenging is added with a pentylene xanthate catcher with the dosage of 40g/t.
And (3) carrying out scavenging on the scavenged tailings 2 for three times to obtain scavenged middlings 3 and scavenged tailings 3, wherein the scavenged tailings 3 are final tailings. Adding the pentylxanthate catcher in an amount of 20g/t for three times of scavenging.
And (3) sequentially returning the scavenged middlings 2 and the scavenged middlings 3 obtained by secondary scavenging and secondary scavenging step by step to the previous scavenging equipment, namely returning the scavenged middlings 3 to the secondary scavenging equipment, and returning the scavenged middlings 2 to the primary scavenging equipment. And returning the scavenged middlings 1 obtained by the primary scavenging to the roughing equipment (returning the recleaning tailings and the scavenged middlings 1 to the roughing equipment). So configured, a closed loop is once again formed.
In the embodiment, the gold grade of the raw ore is 3g/t, the gold grade of the obtained high-grade gold concentrate is 68g/t, the gold grade of the low-grade gold concentrate is 18g/t, the total gold grade is 33g/t, and the total gold recovery rate is 86.28%.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the embodiment 1, the flotation method of the gold-loaded pyrite in the high-sludge environment is characterized in that a sludge inhibitor XJ-12 and a synergist AXJ-1 are not added in the step S3, the gold grade of the obtained high-grade gold concentrate is 68g/t, the gold grade of the obtained low-grade gold concentrate is 12g/t, the total gold grade is 23g/t, and the total gold recovery rate is 80.13%. The gold grade and the total gold recovery rate are obviously reduced.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the embodiment 1, the flotation method of the gold-loaded pyrite in the high-sludge environment is characterized in that no slime inhibitor XJ-12 is added in the step S3, the gold grade of the obtained high-grade gold concentrate is 68g/t, the gold grade of the obtained low-grade gold concentrate is 13g/t, the total gold grade is 26g/t, and the total gold recovery rate is 82.13%. The gold grade and the total gold recovery rate are obviously reduced.
Comparative example 3
Compared with the embodiment 1, the flotation method of the gold-loaded pyrite in the high-sludge environment is characterized in that no synergist AXJ-1 is added in the step S3, the gold grade of the obtained high-grade gold concentrate is 68g/t, the gold grade of the obtained low-grade gold concentrate is 15g/t, the total gold grade is 28g/t, and the total gold recovery rate is 83.71%. The gold grade and the total gold recovery rate are obviously reduced.
As can be seen from comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, the gold grade and the total gold recovery rate are both obviously reduced by adding only one of the slime inhibitor and the synergist into the quick-floating tailings, which indicates that the slime inhibitor and the synergist are not simply combined, but synergistically promote the recovery of gold.
In conclusion, the invention provides a method for strengthening floatation of gold-loaded pyrite in a high-mud environment, which is characterized in that one-time quick floatation is firstly carried out before a large amount of medicament is added for size mixing, and the gold-loaded pyrite with better flotability in ore pulp is quickly and fully floated and recovered, so that the purposes of 'early recovery and early recovery' are realized; the efficient slime inhibitor and the synergist are added into the fast-floating tailings obtained by fast flotation, under the synergistic effect of the efficient slime inhibitor and the synergist, the interference of slime on the flotation process of the gold-bearing pyrite is remarkably reduced, the flotation efficiency of part of gold-bearing pyrite with poor floatability is improved, the efficient mineral separation and recovery of the gold-bearing pyrite in a high-argillaceous complex ore pulp environment is realized, the recovery rate of gold of slime-bearing refractory gold ores is greatly improved, and a new technical idea is created for maximizing the gold mineral separation recovery rate; the process of 'quick flotation-full-grain-level roughing-concentrated middling regrinding and recleaning flotation' is adopted, and meanwhile, a closed loop for multiple concentration and scavenging is formed by roughed concentrate and roughed tailings, so that the high-efficiency flotation of the gold-loaded pyrite is realized, the gold ore dressing recovery rate is greatly increased, and the technical problem of high-efficiency flotation of the refractory gold-loaded pyrite in a high-slime pulp environment is solved.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for flotation of gold-loaded pyrite in a high-mud environment is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, fine grinding: crushing and wet-grinding raw ore to prepare ore pulp with the concentration of 30-35 wt%;
s2, quick flotation: adding a flotation reagent into the ore pulp obtained in the step S1, and performing rapid flotation to obtain high-grade gold concentrate and rapid flotation tailings; the flotation reagent comprises a catcher and a foaming agent; the catching agent is ethyl xanthate, and the dosage is 20-60g/t; the foaming agent is 2# oil, and the dosage is 5-10g/t;
s3, roughing: adding a regulator, an inhibitor, an activator, a synergist, a catcher and a foaming agent into the fast floating tailings obtained in the step S2, and performing rough concentration to obtain rough concentrate and rough tailings; the regulator is sodium carbonate, and the dosage is 500-2000g/t; the inhibitor comprises a silicate gangue inhibitor and a slime inhibitor, wherein the silicate gangue inhibitor is soluble glass, the dosage of the silicate gangue inhibitor is 100-1000g/t, the slime inhibitor is prepared by mixing and compounding 30-40% by mass of plant tannin extract, 45-50% by mass of sodium humate and 15-25% by mass of sodium hydroxide to obtain the high-efficiency slime inhibitor combining high-molecular organic matters and inorganic matters, and the dosage of the high-efficiency slime inhibitor is 100-500g/t; the activating agent is copper sulfate, and the dosage is 50-150g/t; the synergist is a copper-ammonia complex, is a chemically modified copper tetraammine (II) complex ion compound, and is a high-efficiency gold-loaded pyrite synergist which is prepared by respectively reacting copper sulfate with concentrated ammonia water according to the formula 1 (1-1.3), adding 1-2% of slaked lime and mixing, wherein the dosage is 10-250g/t; the trapping agent is a composite trapping agent of amyl xanthate and butylammonium nigrum, and the dosage is (100-300) + (5-30) g/t; the foaming agent is 2# oil, and the dosage is 10-30g/t;
s4, selection: performing closed concentration twice on the rough concentration concentrate obtained in the step S3 to obtain low-grade gold concentrate; in the two closed-circuit fine separation, inhibitor is added in the first fine separation, and no medicament is added in the second fine separation; the primary concentration is to carry out concentration on the rough concentration concentrate to obtain a concentrated concentrate 1 and a concentrated middling 1; the secondary concentration is to carry out concentration on the obtained concentrated concentrate 1 to obtain a concentrated concentrate 2 and a concentrated middling 2; regrinding and recleaning the selected middlings 1 to obtain recleaning middlings and recleaning tailings; the recleaning middlings and the concentrating middlings 2 are combined and returned to primary concentrating equipment; and returning the recleaning tailings to the roughing equipment.
2. The method for the enhanced floatation of gold-loaded pyrite in a high-sludge environment according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, raw ore is firstly crushed to-2 mm, then the crushed ore is subjected to wet grinding, and the part of the ore pulp with the particle size of-0.074 mm accounts for 75-80% of the total weight.
3. The method for the enhanced floatation of gold-loaded pyrite in a high-sludge environment according to claim 1, wherein: also comprises the following steps:
s5, scavenging: and (4) performing closed circuit scavenging on the roughed tailings obtained in the step (S3) for three times to obtain final tailings.
4. The method for the enhanced floatation of gold-loaded pyrite in the high-sludge environment according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the three times of closed circuit scavenging, the composite capture agent of the amyl xanthate and the ammonium-butachlor is added in the first scavenging, and only the capture agent of the amyl xanthate is added in the second scavenging and the third scavenging.
5. The method for the enhanced floatation of gold-loaded pyrite in the high-sludge environment according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the primary scavenging is to perform scavenging on the rougher tailings to obtain scavenged middlings 1 and scavenged tailings 1; the secondary scavenging is to perform scavenging on the scavenged tailings 1 to obtain scavenged middlings 2 and scavenged tailings 2; the third scavenging is to perform scavenging on the scavenged tailings 2 to obtain scavenged middlings 3 and scavenged tailings 3; the scavenging middling 2 and the scavenging middling 3 sequentially return to the scavenging equipment at the last time step by step; and returning the scavenged middling 1 obtained by the primary scavenging to roughing equipment.
6. The method for the enhanced floatation of gold-loaded pyrite in a high-sludge environment according to claim 1, wherein: for the high-mud-containing gold-loaded pyrite with the gold grade of 2-3g/t of the raw ore, the gold grade of the obtained high-grade gold concentrate is 50-70g/t, the gold grade of the low-grade gold concentrate is 15-20g/t, the total gold grade is 30-35g/t, and the total gold recovery rate is 85-88%.
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