CN114617713A - 一种单向导湿纸尿裤芯体 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种单向导湿性能优异的纸尿裤芯体，其特征在于从导流层和吸收芯层的结构入手，导流层设置上层疏水层孔径大于下层亲水层孔径，吸收芯层设置掺入吸水纤维SAF的吸水树脂SAP。通过以上两部分的改进，两次利用差动毛细效应加快液体下渗，且锁水使其不易返渗，并且掺杂吸水纤维SAF到吸水树脂SAP中，可保持吸收芯层的形状，使其不易变形，在提高单向导湿性能的同时提高舒适度。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于卫生用品技术领域，具体涉及一种单向导湿纸尿裤芯体。
背景技术
传统的纸尿裤芯体一般是由面层、导流层、吸收芯层和底膜组成，在吸收芯层成分上主要是选择绒毛浆和高分子吸水树脂(SAP)。虽然这种材料可以大量吸水并且成本较低，但SAP吸水后易膨胀、起坨和滑移，并且容易返渗，表面不易保持干爽，如果长时间使用会使皮肤红肿发炎。
专利CN112481831A从导流层入手，制备了一种多级结构单向导湿防水透气膜，该膜由两层疏水层组成，且上层疏水层孔径大于下层，利用差动毛细效应，可使单向导出的水分蒸发速度更快，实现导湿和快干功能，但是仅靠差动毛细效应不足以实现水分的快速下渗和单向导湿，需要进一步改善；专利CN110215355A介绍了一种网格状吸收芯层，该专利通过将吸收芯层分割成多个矩形区域并固定，可以使SAP不易滑移和变形，但是并没有解决锁水性能不好和易返渗的缺点；文章显示，有人将高吸水性粉末加工成了纤维状，并用该吸水纤维(SAF)作为吸收芯层的主要成分。相比于SAP，SAF具有更快的吸液速度和更好的渗透性，并且由SAF作为吸收芯层制得的纸尿裤表面结构平整、均匀，吸水后材料基本保持原来的形状，但是该吸收芯层的结构较为单一，并且由于 SAF制作成本比SAP高，以SAF作为吸收芯层的主要材料将使产品价格提高，商业价值减小；专利CN111568645A设计了一种具有梯度结构的吸收芯层，该专利设置了三层梯度结构，第一层的组分为粘胶和聚烯烃纤维，第二、三层的组分为粘胶和吸水纤维 SAF，且从上到下孔径逐渐减小，亲水性逐渐增加，该专利虽然解决了返渗的问题，但结构复杂且成本提高，不利于工业化生产。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明公开了一种提高单向导湿性能的纸尿裤芯体，能改善目前纸尿裤易起坨、滑移和返渗的问题。
本专利从导流层和吸收芯层两方面入手。首先确定导流层由上下两层无纺布组成，上层为疏水层，下层为亲水层，并且具有上层疏水层无纺布的孔径大于下层亲水层无纺布的孔径的特点，以便利用差动毛细效应制造压力差，加快液体下渗，并且设置导流槽，来增强吸水导流效果；另外，吸收芯层的材料采用无尘纸包覆的掺杂吸水纤维SAF的吸水树脂SAP，一方面SAF纤维与纤维之间可相互缠结，起到固定吸水树脂SAP的作用，使其不易起坨、滑移和保持表面平整；另一方面由于掺杂了SAF，且从上到下SAF 的密度和杂乱度增大，孔径逐渐减小，可以再次利用差动毛细效应制造压力差，进一步加快液体下渗，使其不易返渗；同时并不使SAF完全代替SAP，而是将二者结合，在融合SAF优点的同时还可利用SAP来降低制作成本，并且保证吸水效果。
本专利所述一种单向导湿纸尿裤芯体从里到外或从上到下，由面层、导流层、吸收芯层和底膜组成。
与皮肤接触的面层和远离皮肤的底膜以及SAF、SAP和无尘纸均从市场上采购。
导流层的制备步骤为，将疏水材料，如聚乳酸、聚硅氧烷类聚合物或氨基硅油等溶于挥发性溶剂中，加入聚氨酯，搅拌均匀，制备疏水纺丝原液，采用静电纺丝技术，设置纺丝电压为10-40KV，接收距离为10-30cm，纺丝流率为0.5-5ml/h，将其纺成一层孔径在2-50μm的疏水的纤维膜A1；将亲水材料，如聚醚硅油、有机硅季铵盐或壳聚糖等溶于挥发性溶剂中，加入聚乙二醇，搅拌均匀，仍采用静电纺丝技术，通过减小纺丝流率、增大接收距离或者使用较细的纺丝喷头等方法制备孔径小于A1的亲水的纤维膜A2。将A1和A2进行热压处理，再进行整理，使其表面在长度方向上有两条弧顶相对弧面相反的长弧形导流槽，导流槽中及两条导流槽之间，有沿厚度方向向下延伸的圆锥形导流孔，圆锥形导流孔的上圆孔直径为下圆孔直径的2-6倍，导流孔的截面优选弧形。
吸收芯层的制备步骤为，将吸水纤维SAF掺杂到吸水树脂SAP中，制得一薄层吸收层；类似地，每一吸收层都由吸水纤维SAF和吸水树脂SAP组成，按照从上到下每层的吸水纤维SAF含量和杂乱度逐渐增加的原则，层层叠加，然后用无尘纸将上述多层吸收层整个包覆起来，进行热压定型，得到吸收芯层。
将制备的导流层和吸收芯层与无纺布面层和PP或PE底膜热压黏合，即制备得到单向导湿性能优异的纸尿裤芯体。
本发明从导流层和吸收芯层的结构入手，连续两次利用差动毛细效应，来加快液体下渗并且减少返渗，同时吸水纤维SAF起到防止起坨、滑移和使表面平整的作用，提高使用性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明专利的结构示意图；
图2为本发明专利的导流槽平面示意图；
图3为本发明专利的导流孔的竖切面示意图；
图4为本发明专利的导流孔的平面示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步解释。以下实施例或附图用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
结合图示，对一种单向导湿纸尿裤芯体进行以下阐述
如图1所示，纸尿裤芯体主要包括：面层11，导流层12，吸收芯层13，PP或PE 底膜14。
如图2所示，为在导流层12中的导流槽21。
如图3所示，为导流槽21及其之间的导流孔31的竖切面示意图。
如图4所示，为导流槽21及其之间的导流孔31的平面示意图
与皮肤接触的面层11和底膜14以及SAF、SAP和无尘纸均从市场上采购。
导流层12中接近皮肤的上层为由疏水材料制备的疏水无纺布，下层为由亲水材料制备的亲水无纺布，上层的孔径大于下层的孔径，并且设置导流槽21。导流层12的制备步骤为，将疏水材料聚乳酸溶于溶剂中，溶剂选择N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、三氯甲烷溶液和丙酮中的一种或两种及以上，加入聚氨酯，搅拌均匀，制备疏水纺丝原液，其中聚乳酸的质量分数为8％，聚氨酯的质量分数为10％；将纺丝原液加入到静电纺丝装置中，设置纺丝电压为30KV，接收距离为20cm，纺丝流率为4ml/h，选择的纺丝喷头口径为1.50mm，将其纺成一层孔径为4μm的疏水的纤维膜A1。将亲水材料壳聚糖溶于溶剂中，溶剂选择甲酸或醋酸，加入聚乙二醇，搅拌均匀，制备亲水纺丝原液，其中壳聚糖的质量分数为3％，聚乙二醇的质量分数为10％；仍采用静电纺丝技术，将纺丝原液加入到静电纺丝装置中，设置纺丝电压为25KV，接收距离为15cm，纺丝流率为1ml/h，选择纺丝喷头的口径为1.35mm，将其纺成一层孔径为2μm的亲水的纤维膜A2。将 A1和A2进行热压处理，再进行整理，使其表面在长度方向上有两条弧顶相对弧面相反的长弧形导流槽21，如图2所示；导流槽21中及两条导流槽21之间的面上，有沿厚度方向向下延伸的圆锥形导流孔31，圆锥形导流孔31的上圆孔直径为下圆孔直径的3倍，导流孔31的截面优选弧形，如图3所示，导流槽21宽度为10mm；圆锥形导流孔31 的上圆孔直径为3mm，深度为2mm，下圆孔直径为1mm，导流孔31在导流槽21中及两条导流槽21之间的面上平行错位排列，如图4所示。
吸收芯层13的制备步骤为，在无尘纸上铺一层吸水纤维SAF，再铺放吸水树脂SAP，即制得一层吸收芯层，按照从下到上，吸水纤维SAF的质量含量由100％逐渐减小到50％的原则，层层叠加，最后在上方放置无尘纸进行包覆，热压后即制得吸收芯层13。
将制备的导流层12、吸收芯层13与面层11及PP或PE底膜14结合，采用热压黏合的方法即可制得单向导湿性能优异的纸尿裤芯体。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (1)
1.一种单向导湿纸尿裤芯体，其特征在于：
从里到外或从上到下，由面层、导流层、吸收芯层和底膜组成；
与皮肤接触的面层和远离皮肤的底膜以及SAF、SAP和无尘纸均从市场上采购；
导流层的制备步骤为，将疏水材料，如聚乳酸、聚硅氧烷类聚合物或氨基硅油等溶于挥发性溶剂中，加入聚氨酯，搅拌均匀，制备疏水纺丝原液，采用静电纺丝技术，设置纺丝电压为10-40KV，接收距离为10-30cm，纺丝流率为0.5-5ml/h，将其纺成一层孔径在2-50μm的疏水的纤维膜A1；将亲水材料，如聚醚硅油、有机硅季铵盐或壳聚糖等溶于挥发性溶剂中，加入聚乙二醇，搅拌均匀，仍采用静电纺丝技术，通过减小纺丝流率、增大接收距离或者使用较细的纺丝喷头等方法制备孔径小于A1的亲水的纤维膜A2；将A1和A2进行热压处理，再进行整理，使其表面在长度方向上有两条弧顶相对弧面相反的长弧形导流槽，导流槽中及两条导流槽之间，有沿厚度方向向下延伸的圆锥形导流孔，圆锥形导流孔的上圆孔直径为下圆孔直径的2-6倍，导流孔的截面优选弧形；
吸收芯层的制备步骤为，将吸水纤维SAF掺杂到吸水树脂SAP中，制得一薄层吸收层；类似地，每一吸收层都由吸水纤维SAF和吸水树脂SAP组成，按照从上到下每层的吸水纤维SAF含量和杂乱度逐渐增加的原则，层层叠加，然后用无尘纸将上述多层吸收层整个包覆起来，进行热压定型，得到吸收芯层；
将制备的导流层和吸收芯层与无纺布面层和PP或PE底膜热压黏合，即制备得到单向导湿性能优异的纸尿裤芯体。
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