CN114615250A - Safety monitoring system and monitoring method for oil and gas storage station - Google Patents

Safety monitoring system and monitoring method for oil and gas storage station Download PDF

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CN114615250A
CN114615250A CN202210265297.9A CN202210265297A CN114615250A CN 114615250 A CN114615250 A CN 114615250A CN 202210265297 A CN202210265297 A CN 202210265297A CN 114615250 A CN114615250 A CN 114615250A
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oil
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cloud
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CN114615250B (en
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魏世玉
李华梅
李川
马希见
江杨倩
吴传伟
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Chongqing Yier Public Safety Emergency Industry Development Co ltd
Chongqing Yier Perception Data Research Institute Co ltd
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Chongqing Yier Perception Data Research Institute Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas storage safety monitoring, in particular to a safety monitoring system and a monitoring method for an oil and gas storage station, wherein the safety monitoring system comprises an intelligent acquisition control terminal, a transmission layer, an analysis layer, a cloud end and a cloud platform, the cloud end carries out resolving analysis on data acquired by the intelligent acquisition control terminal through the analysis layer, and transmits the analyzed data to the cloud platform; the intelligent acquisition control terminal comprises a data collection unit and an inspection APP, wherein the data collection unit comprises a plurality of monitoring points arranged in the oil and gas storage station, and is installed and monitored through GNSS monitoring equipment, a stress strain gauge and a rain gauge; the safety monitoring method comprises the steps of installation and deployment of settlement monitoring points, installation and deployment of sensor components, data transmission and calculation, and real-time display of monitoring results. The monitoring method has clear logic level, gives consideration to the comprehensive control in the aspects of macroscopic and microcosmic, has comprehensive system operation and observation parameters, strong continuity and high reliability, and realizes the full-process and all-weather automatic monitoring and control.

Description

Safety monitoring system and monitoring method for oil and gas storage station
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas storage safety monitoring, in particular to a safety monitoring system and a monitoring method for an oil and gas storage station.
Background
With the continuous promotion of the modern construction of China, the petrochemical industry becomes an important component in industrial economy of China. With the increasing energy consumption of the development of various national industries, a large number of oil and gas storage tanks built gradually become important places for energy storage. The oil and gas storage tanks are generally uniformly arranged, but the dynamic change of the load of the storage tank (related to the material supplement and consumption rate) and the change of the stress of the foundation are carried out along with the change of the load, and the pipeline device generates the change of the pipe wall stress when being operated and transmitted by the oil and gas, so that the foundation in the area is usually subjected to uneven settlement and local plastic deformation, and the relevant parts in the storage tank area are damaged, the tank body is inclined and unstable, and other major potential safety hazards are caused.
In view of the objective background of dynamic change of the load of the storage tank and difference of the basic strength and the stability, the occurrence of unfavorable deformation conditions endangers the operation of the storage tank and causes the rejection of the storage tank; the serious causes the inclination and instability of the tank body, and the oil gas leakage and explosion cause disastrous results. As an important storage means, the safety of the tank is not negligible.
Currently, as a tank project is created, the safety problem becomes an important task for the current follow-up maintenance. The most traditional monitoring method is a manual inspection method, and whether the oil tank has settlement change or not is judged by observing macroscopic geological change; in the surveying and mapping technology, the measuring method aiming at the ground settlement observation is to use a simple geometric calculation principle to judge whether the monitoring point is settled, and simply to use a plane control measurement method and an elevation control measurement method to judge whether potential safety hazards exist in foundation settlement, oil tank inclination and the like of an oil tank area. With the progress of the technology, an observation method of the fiber grating static level instrument appears, the monitoring technology is only suitable for monitoring the type of a column type oil tank, mainly utilizes the pressure influence generated by the height difference of the original same level surface in the instrument caused by foundation settlement or the inclination of the oil tank to further influence the wavelength of the fiber grating, and calculates the settlement value of the monitoring point position by measuring the wavelength change and the pressure of the fiber grating.
The most traditional monitoring methods: the manual inspection method has the advantages that the macroscopic observation strength of a human body is limited, the method can only carry out macroscopic observation, certain requirements are required on the professional technology of inspection personnel, the microscopic change identification of the monitored area is difficult to realize, and the great accuracy is provided for the potential safety hazard monitoring of the oil tank area; the settlement observation method in the survey (measuring by using a total station and a level gauge) needs a great deal of consumption in time, technology and manpower, the measured data has discontinuity in time, the precision is not necessarily accurate, the data sorting and analyzing period is long, the calculated data is huge, and the calculation superposition factor is single; automatically monitoring static leveling; the method for monitoring the static level of the oil tank has the advantages that the same liquid level of the static level is utilized, the pressure is generated by the height difference caused by ground settlement, so that the wavelength or liquid level height change of the fiber bragg grating is influenced, and the settlement value is calculated through a formula. The device needs a grating demodulator to connect the sensor and the server, and the method is suitable for relative settlement observation, so that the absolute displacement observation of the ground in an observation area is limited, and the vertical displacement of a reference point is limited to be relatively constant or can be accurately determined in other modes.
Therefore, it is urgently needed to provide a safety monitoring system and a monitoring method for an oil and gas storage station, which have the advantages of continuity, accuracy, reliability and practicability.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a system and a method for monitoring safety of an oil and gas storage station, which solve the problems of poor continuity, poor accuracy, low reliability, poor comprehensiveness and poor practicability of the existing safety monitoring of the oil and gas storage station.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means:
one aspect of the invention provides a safety monitoring system for an oil and gas storage station, which comprises an intelligent acquisition control terminal, a transmission layer, an analysis layer, a cloud end and a cloud platform, wherein the intelligent acquisition control terminal is used for acquiring monitoring data of the oil and gas storage station, the intelligent acquisition control terminal is in signal transmission with the cloud end through the transmission layer, the analysis layer is arranged on the cloud end, and the cloud end is used for resolving and analyzing the data acquired by the intelligent acquisition control terminal through the analysis layer and transmitting the analyzed data to the cloud platform; the intelligent acquisition control terminal includes the data collection unit and patrols and examines the APP, the data collection unit lures a plurality of monitoring points in disaster risk area including setting up in oil gas storage station area, periphery to gather corresponding physical parameter through installation GNSS monitoring equipment, hydrostatic level, inclination accelerometer, stress strain gauge, gas concentration monitor, infrasound monitor and rain gauge.
Preferably, the GNSS monitoring apparatus is installed and deployed in two areas: the method comprises the following steps of firstly, installing the top of a storage tank in a station area, and monitoring horizontal displacement and settlement of a storage tank monomer; secondly, the device is arranged in a peripheral disaster-inducing risk area and is used for monitoring the overall stability state of the side slope;
the static level gauge is arranged at the position of the oil and gas storage tank foundation and used for carrying out differential settlement monitoring on the equipment foundation;
the inclination angle accelerometer is arranged on the wall or the top of the storage tank and is used for monitoring the inclination posture change of the tank body;
the stress strain gauge is arranged at the position of the pipeline with variable diameter, connection and bending and is used for monitoring the stress change response of the pipe wall caused by the change of gas or liquid in the tank;
the gas concentration monitor is arranged at the position of a lower air port of a station area and used for monitoring the change of the concentration of target gas in real time;
the infrasound monitor is installed and deployed in wind noise and mechanical vibration areas in a station area and used for monitoring gas leakage in the area in real time.
Preferably, the analysis layer comprises a cloud analysis module, a cloud calculation module, a cloud storage module, a mathematical analysis module, a joint analysis module and a data prediction module.
The cloud analysis module is used for carrying out signal analysis on the monitored data source to obtain data volume with physical significance;
the cloud computing module is used for computing data, and performing real-time mathematical computation on the monitoring data or cloud analysis data to obtain a required visual and final change value result;
the cloud storage module is used for storing monitoring data and settlement data;
the mathematical analysis module is used for selecting a corresponding data calculation algorithm according to requirements and obtaining line and plane data from the discrete point location data through a certain connection principle;
the joint analysis module is used for customizing a joint strategy, and superposing and calculating the main monitoring data and the auxiliary monitoring data according to certain weight to obtain data closest to a real change condition;
the data prediction module is used for adding the monitored data and related influence factors into a related algorithm for related mathematical analysis, predicting the state change condition trend of a monitored object, and generating and displaying a trend curve as an important link of the monitoring system, so that the change conditions of some important working parameters are intuitively reflected.
Preferably, the cloud platform comprises a real-time monitoring module, an intelligent analysis module, a report reporting module, an early warning and forecasting module, a front-end display module, a structure/geological model, a monitoring model, patrol and inspection data and operation scheduling data.
Preferably, the real-time monitoring module is used for acquiring information of a monitored object in real time, and can locally and remotely check the real-time state, the tank area overall appearance and single oil tank dynamic graphic display, the monitoring of the whole process oil receiving and sending operation oil tank, the alarm display, the operation time, the oil receiving and sending data statistics and display;
the intelligent analysis module is used for analyzing certain basic data in real time, automatically completing real-time calculation of the data, displaying the dynamic change condition of the monitored object, obtaining the real-time change condition of the monitored object, and analyzing to obtain a conclusion whether reasonable equipment needs to be maintained or a basis for managing operation strategy change;
the report reporting module is used for generating a corresponding report according to a monitoring result at a certain monitoring point or at a regular time when an abnormal condition occurs;
the early warning forecasting module is used for giving an alarm for a specific monitoring point or area dangerous condition which reaches an early warning standard in a monitoring project.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a safety monitoring method for an oil and gas storage station, wherein the safety monitoring method is based on the safety monitoring system, and the safety monitoring method comprises the following steps:
s1, installation and deployment of settlement monitoring points: setting a plurality of settlement monitoring points in the oil and gas storage station and in the peripheral disaster-inducing area;
s2, installation and deployment of sensor components: respectively installing GNSS monitoring equipment, a static level gauge, an inclination accelerometer, a stress strain gauge, a gas concentration monitor, an infrasound monitor and a rain gauge at corresponding positions so as to collect relevant parameters, installing the GNSS at the top of a storage tank and in a peripheral disaster-inducing area in an oil and gas storage field station, arranging the rain gauge in an open field in the oil and gas storage field station, and installing the stress strain gauge on the side wall or a pipeline of the storage tank;
s3, data transmission and resolving: the GNSS monitoring equipment, the static level gauge, the inclination accelerometer, the stress strain gauge, the gas concentration monitor, the infrasound monitor and the rain gauge transmit monitoring data to the cloud end in real time, and the cloud end carries out data resolving through the cloud end resolving module to obtain a monitoring result;
s4, displaying a monitoring result in real time: the cloud terminal resolves the data monitored in real time and transmits the data to the cloud platform in real time to realize real-time early warning monitoring.
Preferably, the disposition of the settlement monitoring points in the step S1 includes two parts, the first part is to set a plurality of monitoring points on the whole regional foundation of the storage tank yard region and arrange the static level gauge for plane displacement and settlement monitoring, and at the same time, the GNSS monitoring equipment is disposed on the top of the storage tank for single settlement monitoring and the inclination monitor is disposed on the side wall of the storage tank for monitoring, so as to grasp the detailed deformation condition of the single storage tank; the second part is the regional periphery of storage tank and lures disaster environment monitoring, and the peripheral slope sets up the monitoring point and installs the GNSS monitoring and carries out plane displacement and settlement monitoring, sets up the hyetometer in spacious position department simultaneously and monitors meteorological phenomena, deploys the gas concentration monitor in the leeward side wind gap position of annual wind direction, and monitoring station area takes place gas or liquid leakage dangerous condition.
Preferably, the cloud data monitoring and settlement in step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
s31, the cloud acquires GNSS data of the GNSS monitoring equipment, wherein the GNSS data are absolute displacement coordinate data, coordinate values in the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and an H axis are used as original data values, and coordinate values of a time end point in the directions of the X axis, the Y axis and the H axis are acquired in an interval time period and used as an end point value of the time period;
the cloud acquires monitoring data of the stress strain gauge, wherein the monitoring data comprises a frequency observed value and an initial value and a terminal value of temperature in an interval time period;
the cloud acquires rainfall data of the rain gauge;
s32, the cloud end calculates accumulated change displacement delta X, delta Y and delta H in the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and an H axis through the acquired GNSS data and a cloud end calculating module, simultaneously calculates change rates delta X, delta Y and delta H in the directions of the X axis, the Y axis and the H axis per hour, accelerations gx, gY and gH in the directions of the X axis, the Y axis and the H axis and accumulated plane displacement delta P, the accumulated plane displacement delta P is the vector sum of the accumulated change displacement in the directions of the X axis and the Y axis, calculates an angle alpha in the direction of plane displacement, the plane displacement rate delta P and plane displacement acceleration gP, and calculates the values of the accumulated plane displacement delta P, the angle alpha in the direction of plane displacement and the plane displacement delta P as the parameter values of whether displacement occurs at a monitoring point or not through the accumulated plane displacement delta P, the angle alpha in the direction of plane displacement and the plane displacement delta P in the interval time period if the value of the plane displacement gP is continuously a positive value, indicating that the displacement of the monitoring point in the period of time is in an adverse change state;
the cloud acquires the monitoring data of the stress strain gauge, calculates a stress value P through a frequency observation value and temperature,
P＝K(fi 2-f0 2)+b(Δt)
note: p is the stress value;
k is a coefficient value which is a pressure calculation coefficient of an instrument measured when a temperature value is calibrated at room temperature;
fi — frequency observation;
b-coefficient value of temperature calculation, temperature correction coefficient value obtained from cross variation test of temperature;
delta t is the difference between the observed temperature value and the indoor temperature during calibration,
calculating and obtaining the change condition of the stress value P in different time periods, and judging whether the stress value has deformation influence on the tank wall of the storage tank.
Preferably, the GNSS data acquisition frequency is 1Hz (supports high and low frequency dynamic adjustment), the data resolving and analyzing time is generally 1 hour, and the interval time and the analyzing time of the monitoring data of the stress strain gauge are generally 10 minutes.
Preferably, the cloud platform can perform grade setting according to GNSS data and rainfall data transmitted by a cloud end, and the grade setting is blue early warning, yellow early warning, orange early warning and red early warning;
by GNSS absolute displacement monitoring and early warning judgment, taking a certain object monitoring example as an example, the early warning criterion is as follows:
blue early warning: the GNSS accumulated horizontal displacement from the starting time to the current time is more than or equal to 30 mm, and the first 2 hours meet one of the following conditions: the GNSS horizontal displacement is more than or equal to 10 mm;
yellow early warning: the GNSS accumulated horizontal displacement from the starting time to the current time is more than or equal to 50 mm, and the first 2 hours meet one of the following conditions: the GNSS horizontal displacement is more than or equal to 20 mm;
orange early warning: the GNSS accumulated horizontal displacement from the starting time to the current time is more than or equal to 100 mm, and the first 2 hours meet one of the following conditions: the GNSS horizontal displacement is more than or equal to 30 mm;
red early warning: the GNSS accumulated horizontal displacement from the starting time to the current time is more than or equal to 150 mm, and the first 2 hours meet one of the following conditions: the GNSS horizontal displacement is more than or equal to 50 mm;
an example of a rainfall warning criterion is as follows:
blue early warning: the rainfall is more than or equal to 2 mm in 10min, and the rainfall is more than or equal to 8 mm in 1 h;
yellow early warning: the rainfall is more than or equal to 3 mm in 10min, and the rainfall is more than or equal to 15 mm in 1 h;
orange early warning: the rainfall is more than or equal to 5 mm in 10min, and the rainfall is more than or equal to 28 mm in 1 h;
red early warning: the rainfall is more than or equal to 10 mm in 10min and more than or equal to 50 mm in 1 h.
According to the safety monitoring system and the monitoring method for the oil and gas storage station, the GNSS monitoring is installed at the top of the storage tank, the radial displacement of each storage tank is tested, and unnecessary damage of the storage tank due to too fast or too large sedimentation is prevented; the stress strain gauge is arranged on the storage tank body, and is used for testing the stress change value of the storage tank caused by the uneven settlement of liquid in and out of the storage tank or the ground, so that the deformation of the tank wall caused by secondary stress is prevented; installing a rain gauge in a stable and relatively open field of the storage tank area, and monitoring the rainfall condition of the area, wherein the rainfall is an important influence factor of foundation change, and the foundation is influenced by rainfall to generate geological deformation change, so that the foundation is subjected to deformation; and finally, setting a settlement monitoring point on the ground to monitor the uneven settlement of the foundation, thereby preventing the problems of collapse of the ground, cracks or inclination and damage of the storage tank caused by the over-fast settlement of the foundation and the like. Through the ground settlement point, carry out whole monitoring of controlling to the inhomogeneous settlement on ground, combine rainfall data and the combination of single jar of body monitoring data, settle accounts through the data in high in the clouds, carry out real-time analysis with the observed data, whether provide whole monitoring area is in safe risk range, simultaneously, also can predict holistic settlement trend and the trend that single jar of body takes place deformation in advance through the real-time data of monitoring, for the maintenance of monitoring area and the maintenance of the jar body provide the guarantee.
The safety monitoring system of the oil and gas storage station can realize automatic data acquisition, analysis and calculation through the cloud end, and feeds the calculated data back to the result display terminal for monitoring and early warning, so that the advantages of automation and real-time monitoring are achieved, and meanwhile, the monitoring accuracy is improved through the arrangement of a plurality of monitoring points arranged on the data collection unit in the transmission layer and the combination of comprehensive judgment of rainfall of the surrounding environment. The invention has the advantages of simple monitoring principle, strong installation and deployment, macroscopic and microscopic control performance, capability of making up the traditional defects by the monitoring technology, and high working performance of all-weather operation, whole-process monitoring and high measurement precision. The deformation monitoring of the storage tank area is realized more automatically, comprehensively, accurately and continuously by the monitoring equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a safety monitoring system for an oil and gas storage station according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a method for deploying the monitoring technology in the oil and gas storage yard of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exemplary diagram of a monitoring grid layout according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of accumulated planar displacement versus acceleration change for GNSS data at a monitoring point in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of frequency versus temperature observations of stress strain gauge data in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of stress-temperature curve after settlement of data of the stress strain gauge according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a vector variation diagram of the annular token of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures are explained below.
The device comprises GNSS monitoring equipment 1, a rain gauge 2, a stress strain gauge 3, a storage tank 4, a static level 5, an inclination accelerometer 6, a gas concentration monitor 7 and an infrasound monitor 8.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the safety monitoring system for the oil and gas storage station of the invention comprises an intelligent acquisition control terminal, a transmission layer, an analysis layer, a cloud end and a cloud platform, wherein the intelligent acquisition control terminal is used for acquiring monitoring data of the oil and gas storage station, the intelligent acquisition control terminal is in signal transmission with the cloud end through the transmission layer, the analysis layer is arranged on the cloud end, and the cloud end is used for resolving and analyzing the data acquired by the intelligent acquisition control terminal through the analysis layer and transmitting the analyzed data to the cloud platform; the intelligent acquisition control terminal comprises a data collection unit and an inspection APP, wherein the data collection unit comprises a plurality of monitoring points which are arranged in an oil and gas storage station area and a peripheral disaster-inducing risk area, and corresponding physical parameters are acquired through a GNSS monitoring device 1, a static level 5, an inclination accelerometer 6, a stress strain gauge 3, a gas concentration monitor 7, an infrasound monitor 8 and a rain gauge 2.
The GNSS monitoring equipment is installed and deployed in two areas: the method comprises the following steps of firstly, installing the top of a storage tank 4 in a station area, and monitoring horizontal displacement and settlement of a single body of the storage tank 4; secondly, the device is arranged in a peripheral disaster-inducing risk area and is used for monitoring the overall stability state of the side slope; the rain gauge 2 is arranged in an open field in the oil and gas storage station and is used for monitoring the rainfall condition of the oil and gas storage station; the static level 5 is arranged at the position of the foundation of the oil-gas storage tank 4 and used for carrying out differential settlement monitoring on the equipment foundation; the inclination angle accelerometer 6 is arranged on the wall of the storage tank 4 or the top of the storage tank 4 and is used for monitoring the inclination posture change of the tank body; the stress strain gauge is arranged at the positions of reducing diameter, connection, bending and the like of the pipeline and is used for monitoring the response of the stress change of the pipe wall caused by the change of gas or liquid in the tank; the gas concentration monitor 7 is arranged at the position of a lower air inlet of the station area and used for monitoring the change of the concentration of the target gas in real time; the infrasound monitor 8 is installed and deployed in areas with small infrasound interference such as wind noise, mechanical vibration and the like in the station area and is used for monitoring gas leakage in the areas in real time.
The analysis layer comprises a cloud analysis module, a cloud calculation module, a cloud storage module, a mathematical analysis module, a joint analysis module and a data prediction module.
The cloud analysis module is used for analyzing signals of the monitored data source into data quantity with physical significance. For example, data values such as voltage and frequency of analog signals collected by the sensor are transmitted and are resolved into corresponding data volume with physical significance through a cloud.
The cloud computing module is used for computing data. And carrying out real-time mathematical calculation on the monitoring data or the cloud analysis data to obtain a required visual and final change value result. For example, GNSS monitoring data, and resolving values such as plane displacement, acceleration, speed and the like are obtained by performing geometric calculation on the three-axis coordinate values.
The cloud storage module has the functions of storing the monitoring data and the settlement data, and can be used for checking, calling, downloading and the like of the monitoring data and the settlement data at any time interval.
The mathematical analysis module has the function of selecting a corresponding data calculation algorithm (data such as a moving average model, a gray prediction model and the like) according to requirements, and obtaining data such as lines, surfaces and the like from discrete point location data through a certain connection principle.
The joint analysis module has the function of customizing a joint strategy, and the main monitoring data and the auxiliary monitoring data are superposed and calculated according to a certain weight to obtain data closest to the real change condition.
The data prediction module functions as: and (3) superposing related influence factors through the monitored data, adding related algorithms (such as a grey prediction model, a moving average model, an autoregressive model and the like) to perform related mathematical analysis, and predicting the state change condition trend of the monitored object. The generation and display of the trend curve are used as an important link of the monitoring system, and the change conditions of some important working parameters can be intuitively reflected. For example, the real-time liquid level and historical liquid level curves show the daily work load (oil inlet and oil outlet) of each oil tank, so that the working time of each oil pump can be balanced to achieve the purpose of prolonging the service life of the oil pump.
The cloud platform comprises a real-time monitoring module, an intelligent analysis module, a report reporting module, an early warning and forecasting module, a front-end display module, a structure/geological model, a monitoring model, patrol and inspection data and operation scheduling data.
The real-time monitoring module has the functions of: the system comprises information management and viewing functions of monitoring objects, monitoring points, monitoring disaster types, administrative divisions, monitoring data, early warning setting, personnel scheduling and the like, and further comprises basic GIS functions (functions of plotting, measuring and the like). The monitoring method comprises the steps of collecting information of a monitored object in real time, and checking the real-time state, tank area overall appearance and single oil tank dynamic graphic display, monitoring of an oil tank in the whole process of oil receiving and dispatching operation, alarm display, operation time and oil receiving and dispatching data statistics and display through local and remote methods.
The intelligent analysis module has the functions of analyzing certain basic data in real time, automatically completing the real-time calculation of the data, displaying the dynamic change condition of the monitored object, obtaining the real-time change condition of the monitored object, and analyzing to obtain the conclusion of the basis of whether reasonable equipment needs to be maintained or the management operation strategy is changed and the like.
The report reporting module is used for generating a corresponding report according to a monitoring result of a certain monitoring point or a regular monitoring point in which an abnormal condition occurs. The report form comprises specific descriptions of data analysis, monitored objects and monitoring equipment, and generates corresponding conclusions and suggestions according to data analysis results, so that the real-time data change situation of the monitored objects in a certain monitoring time period is illustrated.
The early warning and forecasting module comprises management modules of early warning criterion setting, early warning level setting, early warning administrator setting and the like, the early warning and forecasting setting is used for giving an alarm aiming at a specific monitoring point or area dangerous condition which occurs in a monitoring project and meets the early warning standard, and the module can also perform functions of upgrading, alarming, restarting and the like on the alarm. In order to analyze the convenience of the field equipment fault, a fault alarm function can be set, the liquid level and deformation threshold values of a single oil tank or a plurality of oil tanks can be set, the working parameter cycles are monitored in an out-of-limit mode in the operation process, alarm events, alarm positions, occurrence time and alarm reasons can be recorded in real time, an alarm table is generated, alarm can be carried out in various modes through short messages, early warning APP and configuration software interfaces, and the functions of setting an alarm mode, stopping alarm, starting alarm and the like can be achieved. The front-end display module, the structure/geological model, the monitoring model, the patrol data, the operation scheduling data and the like are background data and decision basis of early warning and forecasting.
The front-end display module comprises functions of data input, operation, resource access, output and the like. The input module comprises the input of information of monitoring objects, monitoring point information, monitoring equipment, management personnel and the like; the operation comprises basic analysis, customized analysis, joint analysis and the like of data; the resource access comprises access management of related authority management personnel, access of an established database and other related authority problems; the output comprises information output functions of monitoring data, monitoring objects, monitoring point information, analysis results, analysis graphs, tables and the like.
The structure/geological model has the functions of more intuitively and vividly expressing the structure and texture information such as the related geological environment composition or scale, the terrain and the landform and the like of the monitoring object, and intuitively expressing the problems of related meteorological hydrology, the terrain and the landform, the disaster type and the like of the monitoring object.
The monitoring model establishes an information database, a monitoring data storage library, a monitoring technology and method management model of a monitoring object, a monitoring early warning model, a monitoring personnel management model, a monitoring project management model, a monitoring disaster type and other models according to a comprehensive block of relevant information of monitoring projects, monitoring areas, monitoring disaster types and the like, and displays and manages the belonged monitoring projects in a classified manner.
The patrol inspection data and the operation scheduling data are patrol inspection data which are used for making corresponding macroscopic geological phenomenon monitoring and inspection for monitoring items and patrolling the detection and maintenance of monitoring equipment and generating corresponding monitoring disaster geological phenomenon patrol reports and equipment inspection and maintenance reports; the operation scheduling data is that the operation such as upgrading, maintaining, starting or stopping the equipment can be carried out through the remote platform or the corresponding software app, and meanwhile, the operation condition such as classification statistics, online equipment and the like of the whole monitoring operation condition is detected.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the present invention further provides a method for monitoring the safety of an oil and gas storage station, which is based on the above-mentioned system for monitoring the safety of an oil and gas storage station, and comprises the following steps:
s1, installation and deployment of settlement monitoring points: a plurality of settlement monitoring points are arranged in and around the oil and gas storage station. The arrangement of the settlement monitoring points in the embodiment comprises two parts, wherein the first part is that a plurality of monitoring points are arranged on the whole regional foundation of the storage tank 4 station region, a static level 5 is arranged for monitoring the basic settlement of the storage tank 4, and the monitoring points are arranged at the basic position of the storage tank 4 to monitor the settlement change condition caused by uneven stress of the foundation of the storage tank 4; meanwhile, the GNSS monitoring equipment 1 is arranged at the top of the storage tank 4, the inclination accelerometers 6 are arranged on the side walls of the storage tank 4, so that deformation monitoring of the single storage tank 4 can be conveniently carried out, a gas concentration monitor 7 is arranged at a downwind port of a station area, gas and liquid leakage and other conditions of the whole area can be monitored, and an infrasound monitor 8 is arranged in a wind noise and mechanical vibration area to monitor gas leakage, equipment failure and other conditions; the second part lures disaster environment area monitoring for 4 regional peripheries of storage tank, and peripheral lures the disaster area and sets up the monitoring point and install GNSS monitoring facilities 1 and carry out settlement monitoring, mainly is the deformation condition of monitoring horizontal, vertical section, and the quantity of this monitoring point deployment is confirmed with factors such as scope, geological environment of side slope, sets up hyetometer 2 and monitors meteorological rainfall in spacious position department simultaneously.
S2, installation and deployment of sensor components: install GNSS monitoring facilities, hydrostatic level, inclination accelerometer, stress strain gauge, gas concentration monitor, infrasound monitor and hyetometer respectively in corresponding the position to carry out the collection of relevant parameter, install GNSS monitoring facilities 1 in the top of storage tank 4 and the peripheral region in the oil gas storage yard station, hyetometer 2 sets up in the spacious place in the oil gas storage yard station.
S3, data transmission and resolving: the GNSS monitoring equipment 1, the rain gauge 2 and the stress strain gauge 3 transmit monitoring data to the cloud in real time, and the cloud resolves the data through a cloud resolving module to obtain a monitoring result. The cloud data monitoring and calculating method specifically comprises the following steps:
s31, the cloud acquires space coordinate value data of the GNSS monitoring equipment 1 of the sensor assembly, the space coordinate value data is absolute displacement coordinate data, initial coordinate values in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the H-axis direction are used as original data values, and coordinate values of the time end point in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the H-axis direction are acquired in an interval time period and used as end point values of the time period, and the table 1 shows.
The cloud acquires monitoring data of the stress strain gauge 3, wherein the monitoring data comprises a frequency observed value and an initial value and a terminal value of temperature in an interval time period;
the cloud acquires rainfall data of the rain gauge 2;
s32, the cloud end calculates accumulated change displacement quantity delta X, delta Y and delta H in the X-axis, Y-axis and H-axis directions in the interval time through the acquired space coordinate value data and the cloud end calculating module, and simultaneously calculates change rates delta X, delta Y and delta H in the X-axis, Y-axis and H-axis directions per hour and accelerations g in the X-axis, Y-axis and H-axis directionsx、gy、ghCalculating the angle alpha, the plane displacement rate delta P and the plane displacement acceleration g of the plane displacement direction by integrating the plane displacement delta P which is the vector sum of the integrated change displacement in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis directionp. The GNSS monitoring equipment data acquired by the cloud and the resolved data are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 example GNSS monitoring device measurement result data
Figure BDA0003551504810000101
Figure BDA0003551504810000111
Figure BDA0003551504810000121
TABLE 2 GNSS monitoring device coordinate data analysis results
Figure BDA0003551504810000122
Figure BDA0003551504810000131
Figure BDA0003551504810000141
Figure BDA0003551504810000151
Figure BDA0003551504810000161
By using accumulated plane displacement delta P, angle alpha of plane displacement direction and plane displacement rate delta P as parameter values for monitoring whether displacement occurs in point, plane displacement acceleration g is detected in interval time periodpPositive value indicates that the displacement of the monitoring point is in a changing state in the period of time, and if the plane displacement acceleration gpA negative value indicates that the displacement does not change during the period of time and is in a steady state.
The cloud platform can perform grade setting according to GNSS monitoring equipment data and rainfall data transmitted by the cloud, and the grade setting comprises blue early warning, yellow early warning, orange early warning and red early warning;
through the absolute displacement monitoring and early warning judgment of GNSS monitoring equipment, the accumulated plane displacement delta P is used as an index:
blue early warning: the accumulated horizontal displacement of the GNSS monitoring equipment from the starting time to the current time is more than or equal to 30 mm, and the first 2 hours meet one of the following conditions: the horizontal displacement of the GNSS monitoring equipment is more than or equal to 10 mm;
yellow early warning: the accumulated horizontal displacement of the GNSS monitoring equipment from the starting time to the current time is more than or equal to 50 mm, and the first 2 hours meet one of the following conditions: the horizontal displacement of the GNSS monitoring equipment is more than or equal to 20 mm;
orange early warning: the accumulated horizontal displacement of the GNSS monitoring equipment from the starting time to the current time is more than or equal to 100 mm, and the first 2 hours meet one of the following conditions: the horizontal displacement of the GNSS monitoring equipment is more than or equal to 30 mm;
red early warning: the accumulated horizontal displacement of the GNSS monitoring equipment from the starting time to the current time is more than or equal to 150 mm, and the first 2 hours meet one of the following conditions: the horizontal displacement of the GNSS monitoring equipment is more than or equal to 50 mm.
The cloud acquires the monitoring data of the stress strain gauge 3, calculates a stress value P through the frequency observation value and the temperature,
P＝K(fi 2-f0 2)+b(Δt)
note: p is the stress value;
k is a coefficient value which is a calculated coefficient of pressure of an instrument measured when the temperature is a room temperature calibration value;
fi — frequency observation;
b-coefficient value of temperature calculation, temperature correction coefficient value obtained from cross variation test of temperature;
Δ t-the difference between the observed temperature value and the room temperature calibration value temperature.
Data after observation and settlement are shown in Table 3
TABLE 3 stress Strain gauge monitoring and calculation data example
K＝27.5325Kpa/F
Figure BDA0003551504810000171
Figure BDA0003551504810000181
Figure BDA0003551504810000191
Figure BDA0003551504810000201
Calculating and obtaining the change condition of the stress value P in different time periods, and judging whether the stress value has deformation influence on the tank wall of the storage tank 4.
Fig. 4 is a graph of accumulated planar displacement-acceleration change of GNSS data of a monitoring point in the present embodiment, fig. 5 is a graph of frequency-temperature observed value of stress strain gauge data of the present embodiment, fig. 6 is a graph of change of stress-temperature value after settlement of stress strain gauge data of the present embodiment, and fig. 7 is a vector change diagram of an annular representation diagram of the present embodiment.
S4, displaying a monitoring result in real time: the cloud terminal resolves the data monitored in real time and transmits the data to the cloud platform in real time to realize real-time early warning monitoring. The cloud platform can perform grade setting according to GNSS monitoring equipment data and rainfall data transmitted by the cloud, and performs blue early warning, yellow early warning, orange early warning and red early warning;
through the absolute displacement monitoring and early warning judgment of GNSS monitoring equipment, the accumulated plane displacement delta P is used as an index:
blue early warning: the accumulated horizontal displacement of the GNSS monitoring equipment from the starting time to the current time is more than or equal to 30 mm, and the first 2 hours meet one of the following conditions: the horizontal displacement of the GNSS monitoring equipment is more than or equal to 10 mm;
yellow early warning: the accumulated horizontal displacement of the GNSS monitoring equipment from the starting time to the current time is more than or equal to 50 mm, and the first 2 hours meet one of the following conditions: the horizontal displacement of the GNSS monitoring equipment is more than or equal to 20 mm;
orange early warning: the accumulated horizontal displacement of the GNSS monitoring equipment from the starting time to the current time is more than or equal to 100 mm, and the first 2 hours meet one of the following conditions: the horizontal displacement of the GNSS monitoring equipment is more than or equal to 30 mm;
red early warning: the accumulated horizontal displacement of the GNSS monitoring equipment from the starting time to the current time is more than or equal to 150 mm, and the first 2 hours meet one of the following conditions: the horizontal displacement of the GNSS monitoring equipment is more than or equal to 50 mm;
and (3) rainfall early warning judgment:
blue early warning: 10min rainfall is more than or equal to 2 mm, 1h rainfall is more than or equal to 8 mm
Yellow early warning: the rainfall is more than or equal to 3 mm in 10min, and the rainfall is more than or equal to 15 mm in 1 h;
orange early warning: the rainfall is more than or equal to 5 mm in 10min, and the rainfall is more than or equal to 28 mm in 1 h;
red early warning: the rainfall is more than or equal to 10 mm in 10min and more than or equal to 50 mm in 1 h.
The oil and gas storage station of above-mentioned embodiment passes through ground settlement point, carry out whole monitoring of controlling to the differential settlement on ground, combine rainfall data and the combination of single jar of body monitoring data, data through the high in the clouds are resolved, will observe data and carry out real-time analysis, whether provide whole monitoring area is in the safe risk range, and simultaneously, the real-time data through the monitoring also can predict holistic settlement trend in advance and the trend that single jar of body takes place the deformation, the maintenance for monitoring area and the maintenance of the jar body provides the guarantee.
The safety monitoring system and the detection method for the oil and gas storage station can be suitable for different scenes and comprise the following steps:
the application scene one: the oil and gas tank area. Not only needs to carry out whole monitoring of controlling, but also needs to carry out single deformation monitoring of controlling, and the whole ground in oil tank district is influenced by the conditions such as hydrology, geology when storage tank business turn over liquid, also bears simultaneously this monitoring area.
Application scenario two: other types of large industrial areas. For the large industrial area, the foundation is affected by the operation of a large machine, and the foundation can generate certain deformation and stress change phenomena generated when the machine operates. Usually, the foundation of a large-scale industrial area has certain technical requirements during construction, but the stratum can generate subsurface shift change along with the lapse of time, and the geological conditions can also be influenced by the outside and underground water to cause the foundation to be influenced and generate deformation. As for the power station, the large-sized cylindrical building body has strict requirements on the sedimentation deformation of the foundation.
Application scenario three: and (5) building a site.
With the development of science and technology, large-scale construction sites are continuously developed, and filling and digging work, slope management and protection work are carried out on a foundation in the construction and construction stage. The monitoring method can be used for carrying out overall foundation settlement monitoring on a construction site, and can prevent unnecessary personal and property loss caused by overlarge deformation due to foundation construction or rainfall influence.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.

Claims (10)

1. The safety monitoring system for the oil and gas storage station is characterized by comprising an intelligent acquisition control terminal, a transmission layer, an analysis layer, a cloud end and a cloud platform, wherein the intelligent acquisition control terminal is used for acquiring monitoring data of the oil and gas storage station, the intelligent acquisition control terminal is in signal transmission with the cloud end through the transmission layer, the analysis layer is arranged on the cloud end, and the cloud end is used for resolving and analyzing the data acquired by the intelligent acquisition control terminal through the analysis layer and transmitting the analyzed data to the cloud platform;
the intelligent acquisition control terminal includes the data collection unit and patrols and examines the APP, the data collection unit lures a plurality of monitoring points in disaster risk area including setting up in oil gas storage station area, periphery to gather corresponding physical parameter through installation GNSS monitoring equipment, hydrostatic level, inclination accelerometer, stress strain gauge, gas concentration monitor, infrasound monitor and rain gauge.
2. The oil and gas storage yard safety monitoring system of claim 1, wherein said GNSS monitoring equipment is installed and deployed in two areas: the method comprises the following steps of firstly, installing the top of a storage tank in a station area, and monitoring horizontal displacement and settlement of a storage tank monomer; secondly, the device is arranged in a peripheral disaster-inducing risk area and is used for monitoring the overall stability state of the side slope;
the static force level gauge is arranged at the position of an oil-gas storage tank foundation and used for carrying out differential settlement monitoring on an equipment foundation;
the inclination angle accelerometer is arranged on the wall or the top of the storage tank and is used for monitoring the inclination posture change of the tank body;
the stress strain gauge is arranged at the position of the pipeline with variable diameter, connection and bending and is used for monitoring the stress change response of the pipe wall caused by the change of gas or liquid in the tank;
the gas concentration monitor is arranged at the position of a lower air port of a station area and used for monitoring the change of the concentration of target gas in real time;
the infrasound monitor is installed and deployed in wind noise and mechanical vibration areas in a station area and used for monitoring gas leakage in the area in real time.
3. The safety monitoring system for the oil and gas storage yard station according to claim 2, wherein the analysis layer comprises a cloud analysis module, a cloud calculation module, a cloud storage module, a mathematical analysis module, a joint analysis module and a data prediction module;
the cloud analysis module is used for carrying out signal analysis on the monitored data source to obtain data volume with physical significance;
the cloud computing module is used for computing data, and performing real-time mathematical computation on the monitoring data or cloud analysis data to obtain a required visual and final change value result;
the cloud storage module is used for storing monitoring data and settlement data;
the mathematical analysis module is used for selecting a corresponding data calculation algorithm according to requirements and obtaining line and plane data from the discrete point location data through a certain connection principle;
the joint analysis module is used for customizing a joint strategy, and superposing and calculating the main monitoring data and the auxiliary monitoring data according to certain weight to obtain data closest to a real change condition;
the data prediction module is used for adding the monitored data and related influence factors into a related algorithm for related mathematical analysis, predicting the state change condition trend of a monitored object, and generating and displaying a trend curve as an important link of the monitoring system, so that the change conditions of some important working parameters are intuitively reflected.
4. The safety monitoring system for an oil and gas storage yard station according to claim 3, wherein the cloud platform comprises a real-time monitoring module, an intelligent analysis module, a report reporting module, an early warning and forecasting module, a front-end display module, a structural/geological model, a monitoring model, patrol data and operation scheduling data.
5. The safety monitoring system of an oil and gas storage yard station of claim 4, wherein the real-time monitoring module is used for collecting information of a monitored object in real time, and can locally and remotely view real-time status, tank area overall appearance and single oil tank dynamic graphic display, monitoring of an oil tank for oil receiving and sending operation in the whole process, alarm display, operation time, oil receiving and sending data statistics and display;
the intelligent analysis module is used for analyzing certain basic data in real time, automatically completing real-time calculation of the data, displaying the dynamic change condition of the monitored object, obtaining the real-time change condition of the monitored object, and analyzing to obtain a conclusion whether reasonable equipment needs to be maintained or a basis for managing operation strategy change;
the report reporting module is used for generating a corresponding report according to a monitoring result at a certain monitoring point or at a regular time when an abnormal condition occurs;
the early warning forecasting module is used for alarming aiming at a specific monitoring point or area dangerous condition which reaches the early warning standard in a monitoring project.
6. An oil and gas storage station safety monitoring method, characterized in that the safety monitoring method is based on the safety monitoring system of claim 5, the safety monitoring method comprising the steps of:
s1, installation and deployment of settlement monitoring points: arranging a plurality of settlement monitoring points in and around the oil and gas storage station;
s2, installation and deployment of sensor components: respectively installing GNSS monitoring equipment, a static level gauge, an inclination accelerometer, a stress strain gauge, a gas concentration monitor, an infrasound monitor and a rain gauge at corresponding positions so as to collect relevant parameters, installing the GNSS monitoring equipment at the top of a storage tank and in a peripheral disaster-inducing risk area in an oil and gas storage yard station, and arranging the rain gauge in an open field in the oil and gas storage yard station;
s3, data transmission and resolving: the GNSS monitoring equipment, the static level gauge, the inclination accelerometer, the stress strain gauge, the gas concentration monitor, the infrasound monitor and the rain gauge transmit monitoring data to the cloud end in real time, and the cloud end carries out data resolving through the cloud end resolving module to obtain a monitoring result;
s4, displaying a monitoring result in real time: the cloud terminal resolves the data monitored in real time and transmits the data to the cloud platform in real time to realize real-time early warning monitoring.
7. The safety monitoring method for the oil and gas storage station according to claim 6, wherein the deployment of the settlement monitoring points in the step S1 comprises two parts, the first part is to arrange a plurality of monitoring points on the whole area foundation of the storage station area and arrange a static level gauge for plane displacement and settlement monitoring, and simultaneously arrange a GNSS monitoring device on the top of the storage tank for single settlement monitoring and an inclination monitor on the side wall of the storage tank for monitoring so as to master the specific detailed deformation condition of the single storage tank; the second part is the regional periphery of storage tank and lures disaster environment monitoring, and the peripheral slope sets up the monitoring point and installs the GNSS monitoring and carries out plane displacement and settlement monitoring, sets up the hyetometer in spacious position department simultaneously and monitors meteorological phenomena, deploys the gas concentration monitor in the leeward side wind gap position of annual wind direction, and monitoring station area takes place gas or liquid leakage dangerous condition.
8. The method for monitoring the safety of the oil and gas storage yard according to claim 7, wherein the cloud data monitoring and settlement in the step S3 comprises the following specific steps:
s31, the cloud acquires GNSS data of the GNSS monitoring equipment, wherein the GNSS data are absolute displacement coordinate data, coordinate values in the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and an H axis are used as original data values, and coordinate values of a time end point in the directions of the X axis, the Y axis and the H axis are acquired in an interval time period and used as an end point value of the time period;
the cloud acquires monitoring data of the stress strain gauge, wherein the monitoring data comprises a frequency observation value and an initial value and a terminal value of the temperature in an interval time period;
the cloud acquires rainfall data of the rain gauge;
s32, the cloud end calculates accumulated change displacement delta X, delta Y and delta H in the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and an H axis through the acquired GNSS data and a cloud end calculating module, simultaneously calculates change rates delta X, delta Y and delta H in the directions of the X axis, the Y axis and the H axis per hour, accelerations gx, gY and gH in the directions of the X axis, the Y axis and the H axis and accumulated plane displacement delta P, the accumulated plane displacement delta P is the vector sum of the accumulated change displacement in the directions of the X axis and the Y axis, calculates an angle alpha in the direction of plane displacement, the plane displacement rate delta P and plane displacement acceleration gP, and calculates the values of the accumulated plane displacement delta P, the angle alpha in the direction of plane displacement and the plane displacement delta P as the parameter values of whether displacement occurs at a monitoring point or not through the accumulated plane displacement delta P, the angle alpha in the direction of plane displacement and the plane displacement delta P in the interval time period if the value of the plane displacement gP is continuously a positive value, indicating that the displacement of the monitoring point in the period of time is in an adverse change state;
the cloud acquires the monitoring data of the stress strain gauge, calculates a stress value P through a frequency observation value and temperature,
P＝K(fi 2-f0 2)+b(Δt)
note: p is the stress value;
k is a coefficient value which is a pressure calculation coefficient of an instrument measured when the temperature value is calibrated at room temperature;
fi — frequency observation;
b-coefficient value of temperature calculation, temperature correction coefficient value according to cross change test of temperature;
delta t is the difference between the observed temperature value and the indoor temperature during calibration,
calculating and obtaining the change condition of the stress value P in different time periods, and judging whether the stress value has deformation influence on the tank wall of the storage tank.
9. The safety monitoring method for oil and gas storage stations according to claim 8, wherein the GNSS data acquisition frequency is 1Hz, the data calculation and analysis time is generally 1 hour, and the monitoring data interval and analysis time of the stress strain gauge are generally 10 minutes.
10. The safety monitoring method for the oil and gas storage yard station according to claim 9, wherein the cloud platform can perform grade setting according to GNSS data and rainfall data transmitted by a cloud, and the grade setting is blue early warning, yellow early warning, orange early warning and red early warning;
by GNSS absolute displacement monitoring and early warning judgment, taking a certain object monitoring example as an example, the early warning criterion is as follows:
blue early warning: the GNSS accumulated horizontal displacement from the starting time to the current time is more than or equal to 30 mm, and the first 2 hours meet one of the following conditions: the GNSS horizontal displacement is more than or equal to 10 mm;
yellow early warning: the GNSS accumulated horizontal displacement from the starting time to the current time is more than or equal to 50 mm, and the first 2 hours meet one of the following conditions: the GNSS horizontal displacement is more than or equal to 20 mm;
orange early warning: the GNSS accumulated horizontal displacement from the starting time to the current time is more than or equal to 100 mm, and the first 2 hours meet one of the following conditions: the GNSS horizontal displacement is more than or equal to 30 mm;
red early warning: the GNSS accumulated horizontal displacement from the starting time to the current time is more than or equal to 150 mm, and the first 2 hours meet one of the following conditions: the GNSS horizontal displacement is more than or equal to 50 mm;
an example of a rainfall warning criterion is as follows:
blue early warning: the rainfall is more than or equal to 2 mm in 10min, and the rainfall is more than or equal to 8 mm in 1 h;
yellow early warning: the rainfall is more than or equal to 3 mm in 10min, and the rainfall is more than or equal to 15 mm in 1 h;
orange early warning: the rainfall is more than or equal to 5 mm in 10min, and the rainfall is more than or equal to 28 mm in 1 h;
red early warning: the rainfall is more than or equal to 10 mm in 10min and more than or equal to 50 mm in 1 h.
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