CN114614923B - Spectrum use order strengthening method and system based on abnormal frequency behavior detection - Google Patents
Spectrum use order strengthening method and system based on abnormal frequency behavior detection Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B17/336—Signal-to-interference ratio [SIR] or carrier-to-interference ratio [CIR]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
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Abstract
The invention discloses a frequency spectrum use order strengthening method and system based on abnormal frequency behavior detection, and belongs to the technical field of cognitive wireless network frequency spectrum management. In the spectrum resource application stage, each frequency using device sends a spectrum using application to a spectrum sharing management center according to the spectrum using requirement of the frequency using device; in the spectrum allocation stage, spectrum resources are allocated for spectrum equipment, and corresponding limits of transmitting power are given; in the spectrum monitoring stage, a spectrum monitoring sink node issues monitoring tasks to a plurality of spectrum sensing nodes, and the spectrum sensing nodes report sensing data of a target spectrum to the sink node; and in the spectrum use evaluation stage, carrying out final judgment on the abnormal frequency use behavior, reporting the final judgment result to a spectrum sharing management center, and updating the spectrum use credit value of the frequency use equipment according to the final judgment result and the spectrum duty ratio. According to the invention, by closely linking spectrum monitoring with spectrum allocation, the spectrum use order is strengthened, and the efficient utilization of the spectrum is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cognitive radio network spectrum management, and particularly relates to a spectrum use order strengthening method and system based on abnormal frequency behavior detection.
Background
In order to solve the problem of increasingly significant shortage of spectrum resources, the cognitive wireless network allows various users to access channels on the premise of controllable interference by introducing dynamic spectrum sharing, removes spectrum hedges of heterogeneous networks, and greatly improves spectrum utilization rate. However, in an open communication environment, the premise of interference control is extremely susceptible to short-term interests or malicious attacks, resulting in a lack of guarantee of spectrum communication quality, and the communication efficiency of the entire network is drastically reduced.
Therefore, spectrum usage order management is particularly important. The power control is enhanced by the standard spectrum use mode, so that the mutual interference in the network is controlled within a reasonable range, and the whole network benefit is further improved. On the other hand, there is also a need to avoid the waste of spectrum resources due to too severe power control. A reliable spectrum management mode is to construct a centralized spectrum management center, and formulate a centralized spectrum allocation strategy according to spectrum requirements, positions and environments of communication equipment, and define spectrum use requirements such as transmitting power. However, to truly realize effective spectrum management, it is necessary to grasp the actual spectrum usage situation to find out the behavior in the network that violates the spectrum usage requirement, punish the illegal frequency device, and normalize the spectrum usage order.
In the prior art, there is little work of combining spectrum management with abnormal frequency behavior detection, so that a spectrum management strategy cannot be effectively supported by information, and thus, it is difficult to pertinently strengthen spectrum order.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problems: aiming at the problem of out-of-order spectrum use in a spectrum sharing network, the prior art has the problems of low efficiency and excessive interference of spectrum use, and the invention provides a method and a system for strengthening the spectrum use order based on abnormal frequency behavior detection.
The technical scheme is as follows: in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for enhancing spectrum usage order based on abnormal frequency behavior detection, wherein each spectrum sharing period includes a spectrum resource application phase, a spectrum allocation phase, a spectrum monitoring phase, and a spectrum usage evaluation phase, in which:
in the spectrum resource application stage, each frequency using device sends a spectrum using application to a spectrum sharing management center according to the spectrum using requirement of the frequency using device;
in the spectrum allocation stage, a spectrum sharing management center allocates spectrum resources for spectrum equipment according to the received spectrum use application and the historical spectrum use reputation of a user, and gives corresponding limitation of transmitting power according to space-time interference constraint;
in a spectrum monitoring stage, a spectrum monitoring sink node issues monitoring tasks to a plurality of spectrum sensing nodes, and the spectrum sensing nodes report sensing data of a target spectrum to the sink node, wherein the sensing data is local abnormal frequency using behaviors determined by the sensing nodes according to a local detection model and a detection method;
in the spectrum use evaluation stage, the sink node carries out final judgment on abnormal frequency use behaviors according to the perception data of the K perception nodes, reports the final judgment result to a spectrum sharing management center, and updates the spectrum use credit value of the frequency use equipment according to the final judgment result and the spectrum duty ratio.
Further, the spectrum resource application comprises spectrum bandwidth and use duration; the amount of spectrum resources applied by a single frequency-using device is indicated by the product of spectrum bandwidth and time-length of use, which must not exceed the maximum resource application limit.
Further, in the spectrum allocation stage, a corresponding spectrum is maintained for each frequency device using a reputation value, the reputation value being less than or equal to 1.
Further, the method for allocating spectrum resources to the spectrum device comprises the following steps:
according to the sequence of the reputation value, the frequency spectrum resource allocation is carried out, and when the resource is insufficient, the frequency spectrum resource allocation is preferentially allocated to the equipment with high reputation value;
when the reputation value of the frequency-using device is greater than or equal to a first threshold, fully allocating the frequency spectrum resource;
when the reputation value is smaller than the first threshold and larger than or equal to the second threshold, allocating spectrum resources by taking the reputation value as a proportion and taking the standard spectrum resources as units; the reference spectrum resource is the minimum resource number in the spectrum application;
when the reputation value is below the second threshold, no spectrum resources are allocated.
Further, the method for defining the corresponding transmitting power according to the space-time interference constraint comprises the following steps: judging whether the transmitting power of the frequency-using device exceeds the interference constraint according to the following power control strategy:
wherein ,Pj Representing the transmit power of the frequency-consuming device, I th Representing interference constraint factors, D j For the position of the frequency-consuming device, α is a path fading factor.
Further, the local detection model is:
wherein , and />Respectively representing idle channel, normal operation of frequency-using equipment and abnormal operation of frequency-using equipment, sigma 2 For the acquired perception sample variance +.>P t For the user transmit power, h is the channel fading experienced by the signal of the frequency-consuming device to the sensing node,/->Is the noise power.
Further, the local detection method comprises the following steps: setting a decision domain optimization target of a single node as follows:
wherein ,is the actual state +.>Time node determination +.>Probability of (2); alpha 0 and α1 Are constants and represent false alarm probability constraint parameters during local detection;
thereby obtaining the judgment domain of the sensing node about abnormal frequency:
wherein ,y n is a single sampling value, N is the sampling number, and the parameter lambda i Determining by false alarm probability constraint in an optimization target; if no state abnormality is detected +.>The local decision results d=0, 1,2 correspond to the spectrum states, respectively and />
Further, in the spectrum use evaluation stage, the sink node performs final judgment on the abnormal frequency using behavior according to the sensing data of the K sensing nodes in the following manner: after the sink node collects the sensing data of the K sensing nodes, the following judgment criteria are adopted:
wherein ,n2 and n0 Respectively represent the number of reporting abnormal behaviors and idle channels in K sensing nodes, L 1 and L0 Is two decision thresholds less than K.
Further, the method for updating the frequency spectrum usage reputation value of the frequency-used device according to the final judgment result and the frequency spectrum duty ratio comprises the following steps:
the reputation value of the frequency-using equipment is updated every frequency spectrum sharing period, and the reputation value updating method of the frequency-using equipment is as follows:
wherein ,representing the reputation value of the frequency-consuming device at the end of the last spectrum sharing period, N a N is the total number of allocated time slots 0 、N 2 The number of time slots which respectively represent the time slot which detects the idle channel in the allocated time slots and the time slot which detects the abnormal frequency behavior of the user,/>Representing the duty cycle of the spectrum, theta < 1, for evaluating the duty cycle, c 1 Representing a penalty for frequency-wise behavior of the too low duty cycle, c 2 Indicating a penalty for unusual frequency behavior.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a system for enhancing the order of spectrum usage based on abnormal frequency behavior detection, where the method for enhancing the order of spectrum usage based on abnormal frequency behavior detection is provided.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: (1) The actual spectrum use condition is brought into relevant factors of a spectrum allocation strategy, so that the frequency using equipment is caused to follow the spectrum use standard from the global optimization perspective, and further the spectrum efficiency of the whole network is promoted; (2) In updating the reputation value of a frequency-consuming device, two actions are comprehensively considered to impair the spectrum gain: and (3) violating any frequency-using behavior specified by the transmitting power, and applying for a virtual high frequency spectrum. (3) The information closed loop formed between abnormal frequency detection and spectrum allocation improves the efficiency and effect of spectrum management.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for enhancing spectrum usage order based on abnormal frequency behavior detection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples and the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a spectrum usage order enhancing method based on abnormal frequency behavior detection according to an embodiment of the present invention, and in combination with fig. 1, each spectrum sharing period includes a spectrum resource application phase, a spectrum allocation phase, a spectrum monitoring phase, and a spectrum usage evaluation phase.
In the spectrum resource application stage, each frequency using device sends a spectrum using application to a spectrum sharing management center according to the spectrum using requirement. In this stage, the spectrum resource application includes two parameters of spectrum bandwidth and time length of use, and the amount of spectrum resource applied by a single frequency-using device is indicated by the product of spectrum bandwidth and time length of use, which must not exceed the maximum resource application limit.
In the spectrum allocation stage, the spectrum sharing management center allocates spectrum resources for the frequency-using equipment according to the received spectrum use application and the historical spectrum use reputation of the user, and gives corresponding limits of transmitting power and the like according to space-time interference constraint. Specifically, in this stage, the corresponding spectrum is maintained for each frequency device using a reputation value, where the reputation value is a value less than or equal to 1. The spectrum resources are allocated to the frequency-using devices by adopting the following allocation strategy:
firstly, spectrum resources are allocated according to the sequence of the reputation values, and when the resources are insufficient, the spectrum resources are preferentially allocated to equipment with high reputation values; second, when the reputation value of the frequency-consuming device is greater than or equal to the first thresholdAllocating spectrum resources at full amount; when the reputation value is smaller than the first threshold +.>Greater than or equal to a second threshold->When the reputation value is used as a proportion, the spectrum resource is allocated by taking the standard spectrum resource as a unit; when the reputation value is below the second threshold +.>When spectrum resources are not allocated. The reference spectrum resource is the minimum resource number in the spectrum application.
In the spectrum allocation stage, the method for giving the corresponding limit of the transmitting power and the like according to the space-time interference constraint is as follows: judging whether the transmitting power of the frequency-using device exceeds the interference constraint according to the following power control strategy:
wherein ,Pj Representing the transmit power of the frequency-consuming device, I th Representing interference constraint factors, D j For the position of the frequency-consuming device, α is a path fading factor.
In the spectrum monitoring stage, a spectrum monitoring sink node issues monitoring tasks to a plurality of spectrum sensing nodes, and the spectrum sensing nodes report sensing data of a target spectrum to the sink node, wherein the sensing data is local abnormal frequency using behaviors determined by the sensing nodes according to a local detection model and a detection method.
In the stage, the sensing node can receive and automatically execute the monitoring task of the spectrum monitoring sink node; and in a single time slot, the single node judges and obtains a local judgment result according to the local detection model and the detection method and reports the local judgment result to the sink node.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the spectrum monitoring stage, a local detection model adopted by a single node is as follows:
wherein , and />Respectively representing idle channel, normal operation of frequency-using equipment and abnormal operation of frequency-using equipment, sigma 2 For the acquired perception sample variance +.>P t For the user transmit power, h is the channel fading experienced by the signal of the frequency-consuming device to the sensing node,/->Is the noise power.
In the spectrum monitoring stage, the detection method is based on the following optimization targets of a single-node decision domain:
wherein ,is the actual state +.>Time node determination +.>Probability of (2); alpha 0 and α1 Are constants and represent false alarm probability constraint parameters during local detection;
thereby obtaining the judgment domain of the sensing node about abnormal frequency:
wherein ,y n is a single sampling value, N is the sampling number, and the parameter lambda i Determining by false alarm probability constraint in an optimization target; if no state abnormality is detected +.>The local decision results d=0, 1,2 correspond to the spectrum states, respectively and />
In the spectrum use evaluation stage, the sink node carries out final judgment on abnormal frequency use behaviors according to the perception data of the K perception nodes, reports the final judgment result to a spectrum sharing management center, and updates the spectrum use credit value of the frequency use equipment according to the final judgment result and the spectrum duty ratio.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the stage, after the sink node collects the data of the K sensing nodes, the final result is judged according to the following judgment criteria.
wherein ,n2 and n0 Respectively represent the number of reporting abnormal behaviors and idle channels in K sensing nodes, L 1 and L0 Is two decision thresholds less than K.
In the embodiment of the invention, the threshold L can be judged for abnormal frequency using behavior 1 The optimization is performed by considering an optimization target that maximizes the anomaly detection probability under the constraint of the global false alarm probability:
wherein ,β0 and β1 Is global false alarm probability constraint, 0 < beta 0 ≤α 0 ,0＜β 1 ≤α 1 。
After final judgment is carried out by the sink node, the final judgment result is uploaded to a frequency spectrum management center, and the reputation value of the frequency using equipment is updated in the frequency spectrum management center according to the final judgment result and the frequency spectrum duty ratio.
Specifically, the reputation value of the frequency-using device is updated once in each spectrum sharing period, and the reputation value updating method of a certain frequency-using device is as follows:
wherein ,representing the reputation value of the frequency-consuming device at the end of the last spectrum sharing period, N a N is the total number of allocated time slots 0 、N 2 The number of time slots which respectively represent the time slot which detects the idle channel in the allocated time slots and the time slot which detects the abnormal frequency behavior of the user,/>Representing the duty cycle of the spectrum, theta < 1, for evaluating the duty cycle, c 1 Representing a penalty for frequency-wise behavior of the too low duty cycle, c 2 Indicating a penalty for unusual frequency behavior. In the evaluation phase, the duty ratio, which is the ratio of the time of the frequency band used by each frequency device to the total time of the frequency bands used by all frequency devices, is also evaluated, and is shown in the formula above>And θ evaluates the duty cycle.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a system for enhancing the order of spectrum usage based on abnormal frequency behavior detection, in which the method for enhancing the order of spectrum usage based on abnormal frequency behavior detection provided by the present invention is used in a cover system.
In the invention, abnormal frequency behavior detection and spectrum allocation are tightly connected to form an information closed loop between spectrum allocation conditions, spectrum use standards and actual spectrum use conditions, thereby providing favorable information support for enhancing spectrum use order.
The above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several modifications and equivalents can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications and equivalents fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a frequency spectrum use order strengthening method based on abnormal frequency behavior detection, which is characterized in that each frequency spectrum sharing period comprises a frequency spectrum resource application stage, a frequency spectrum distribution stage, a frequency spectrum monitoring stage and a frequency spectrum use evaluation stage, wherein:
in the spectrum resource application stage, each frequency using device sends a spectrum using application to a spectrum sharing management center according to the spectrum using requirement of the frequency using device;
in the spectrum allocation stage, a spectrum sharing management center allocates spectrum resources for spectrum equipment according to the received spectrum use application and the historical spectrum use reputation of a user, and gives corresponding limitation of transmitting power according to space-time interference constraint;
in a spectrum monitoring stage, a spectrum monitoring sink node issues monitoring tasks to a plurality of spectrum sensing nodes, and the spectrum sensing nodes report sensing data of a target spectrum to the sink node, wherein the sensing data is local abnormal frequency using behaviors determined by the sensing nodes according to a local detection model and a detection method;
in the spectrum use evaluation stage, the sink node carries out final judgment on abnormal frequency use behaviors according to the perception data of each perception node, reports the final judgment result to a spectrum sharing management center, and updates the spectrum use credit value of the frequency use equipment according to the final judgment result and the spectrum duty ratio;
specific: the method for the sink node to carry out final judgment on the abnormal frequency using behavior according to the perception data of the K perception nodes comprises the following steps: after the sink node collects the sensing data of the K sensing nodes, the following judgment criteria are adopted:
wherein , and />Respectively indicate the idle channels, the normal operation of the frequency using equipment and the frequency using equipmentAbnormal operation, n 2 and n0 Respectively representing the reporting abnormal behavior and the number of idle channels in all the sensing nodes, wherein the total number of the sensing nodes is K and L 1 and L0 Is two decision thresholds smaller than K;
the method for updating the frequency spectrum using credit value of the frequency-consuming device according to the final judgment result and the frequency spectrum duty ratio comprises the following steps:
the reputation value of the frequency-using equipment is updated every frequency spectrum sharing period, and the reputation value updating method of the frequency-using equipment is as follows:
wherein ,representing the reputation value of the frequency-consuming device at the end of the last spectrum sharing period, N a N is the total number of allocated time slots 0 、N 2 The number of time slots which respectively represent the time slot which detects the idle channel in the allocated time slots and the time slot which detects the abnormal frequency behavior of the user,/>Representing the duty cycle of the spectrum, theta < 1, for evaluating the duty cycle, c 1 Representing a penalty for frequency-wise behavior of the too low duty cycle, c 2 Indicating a penalty for unusual frequency behavior.
2. The method for enhancing order of spectrum use according to claim 1, wherein said application for spectrum use comprises a bandwidth of spectrum and a duration of use; the number of spectrum resources applied by a single frequency-using device is marked by the product of the spectrum bandwidth and the using time, and the number of spectrum resources applied by the single frequency-using device cannot exceed the maximum resource application limit.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein in the spectrum allocation phase, a reputation value is used to maintain a corresponding spectrum for each frequency device, the reputation value being less than or equal to 1.
4. A method for enhancing order of spectrum use as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method for allocating spectrum resources to the spectrum devices comprises:
according to the sequence of the reputation value, the frequency spectrum resource allocation is carried out, and when the resource is insufficient, the frequency spectrum resource allocation is preferentially allocated to the equipment with high reputation value;
when the reputation value of the frequency-using device is greater than or equal to a first threshold, fully allocating spectrum resources;
when the reputation value is smaller than the first threshold and larger than or equal to the second threshold, allocating spectrum resources by taking the reputation value as a proportion and taking the standard spectrum resources as units; the reference spectrum resource is the minimum resource number in the spectrum application;
when the reputation value is below the second threshold, no spectrum resources are allocated.
5. The method for enhancing the order of spectrum usage according to claim 4, wherein the method for defining the corresponding transmission power according to the space-time interference constraint is as follows: judging whether the transmitting power of the frequency-using device exceeds the interference constraint according to the following power control strategy:
wherein ,Pj Representing the transmit power of the frequency-consuming device, I th Representing interference constraint factors, D j For the position of the frequency-consuming device, α is a path fading factor.
6. The spectrum use order enhancement method according to claim 5, wherein the local detection model is:
wherein , and />Respectively representing idle channel, normal operation of frequency-using equipment and abnormal operation of frequency-using equipment, sigma 2 For the acquired perception sample variance +.>P t For the user transmit power, h is the channel fading experienced by the signal of the frequency-consuming device to the sensing node,/->Is the noise power.
7. The spectrum use order enhancement method according to claim 6, wherein the local detection method is: setting a decision domain optimization target of a single node as follows:
wherein ,is the actual state +.>Time node determination +.>Probability of (2); alpha 0 and α1 Are constants and represent false alarm probability constraint parameters during local detection;
thereby obtaining the judgment domain of the sensing node about abnormal frequency:
wherein ,y n is a single sampling value, N is the sampling number, and the parameter lambda i Determining by false alarm probability constraint in an optimization target; if no state abnormality is detected +.>Local decision d=0, 1,2 corresponds to spectral state +.>And
8. a spectrum usage order strengthening system based on abnormal frequency behavior detection, wherein the system adopts the spectrum usage order strengthening method based on abnormal frequency behavior detection as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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