CN114614923A - Spectrum use order strengthening method and system based on abnormal frequency behavior detection - Google Patents
Spectrum use order strengthening method and system based on abnormal frequency behavior detection Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/382—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels for resource allocation, admission control or handover
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
- H04B17/336—Signal-to-interference ratio [SIR] or carrier-to-interference ratio [CIR]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
- H04B17/345—Interference values
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for strengthening spectrum use order based on abnormal frequency behavior detection, and belongs to the technical field of cognitive wireless network spectrum management. In the spectrum resource application stage, each frequency utilization device sends a spectrum use application to a spectrum sharing management center according to the spectrum use requirement of the frequency utilization device; in the spectrum allocation stage, spectrum resources are allocated to the spectrum equipment, and corresponding transmission power limits are given; in the spectrum monitoring stage, a spectrum monitoring sink node issues monitoring tasks to a plurality of spectrum sensing nodes, and the spectrum sensing nodes report sensing data of a target spectrum to the sink node; and in the spectrum use evaluation stage, performing final judgment on the abnormal frequency using behavior, reporting the final judgment result to a spectrum sharing management center, and updating the spectrum use credit value of the frequency using equipment according to the final judgment result and the spectrum duty ratio. According to the invention, the spectrum monitoring is closely connected with the spectrum allocation, so that the spectrum use order is strengthened and the efficient utilization of the spectrum is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cognitive wireless network spectrum management, and particularly relates to a method and a system for strengthening spectrum use order based on abnormal frequency behavior detection.
Background
In the face of the increasingly prominent shortage problem of spectrum resources, the cognitive radio network allows various users to access channels on the premise of controllable interference by introducing dynamic spectrum sharing, removes the spectrum fence of the heterogeneous network and greatly improves the spectrum utilization rate. However, in an open communication environment, the premise of interference control is extremely susceptible to short-term benefits or malicious attacks, so that the spectrum communication quality is not guaranteed, and the communication efficiency of the whole network is sharply reduced.
Therefore, the management of spectrum usage order is very important. The power control is strengthened by standardizing the frequency spectrum using mode, the mutual interference in the network is controlled within a reasonable range, and the whole network benefit is further improved. On the other hand, it is also necessary to avoid the waste of spectrum resources due to too severe power control. A reliable spectrum management mode is to construct a centralized spectrum management center, formulate a centralized spectrum allocation strategy according to spectrum requirements, the position and the environment of communication equipment, and determine the spectrum use requirements such as transmitting power and the like. However, to really realize effective spectrum management, the actual spectrum usage needs to be mastered to find the behavior violating the spectrum usage requirement in the network, punish the illegal frequency-using equipment, and standardize the spectrum usage order.
In the prior art, the work of combining spectrum management and abnormal frequency behavior detection is rare, so that the spectrum management strategy cannot be effectively supported by information, and the spectrum order is difficult to be strengthened in a targeted manner.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: aiming at the problem of spectrum use disorder in a spectrum sharing network, and the problems of spectrum use inefficiency and excessive interference in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for strengthening spectrum use order based on abnormal frequency behavior detection, which tightly connect abnormal frequency behavior detection with spectrum allocation to form an information closed loop between spectrum allocation conditions, spectrum use specifications and actual spectrum use conditions, and further provide favorable information support for strengthening spectrum use order.
The technical scheme is as follows: in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for enhancing spectrum usage order based on abnormal frequency behavior detection, where each spectrum sharing period includes a spectrum resource application phase, a spectrum allocation phase, a spectrum monitoring phase, and a spectrum usage evaluation phase, where:
in the spectrum resource application stage, each frequency utilization device sends a spectrum use application to a spectrum sharing management center according to the spectrum use requirement of the frequency utilization device;
in the spectrum allocation stage, the spectrum sharing management center allocates spectrum resources for the spectrum equipment according to the received spectrum use application and the historical spectrum use credit of the user, and gives out corresponding limitation of transmitting power according to space-time interference constraint;
in a spectrum monitoring stage, a spectrum monitoring sink node issues monitoring tasks to a plurality of spectrum sensing nodes, the spectrum sensing nodes report sensing data of a target spectrum to the sink node, and the sensing data are local abnormal frequency behavior determined by the sensing nodes according to a local detection model and a detection method;
in the spectrum use evaluation stage, the sink node performs final judgment on abnormal frequency use behaviors according to the sensing data of the K sensing nodes, reports the final judgment result to the spectrum sharing management center, and updates the spectrum use credit value of the frequency use equipment according to the final judgment result and the spectrum duty ratio.
Further, the spectrum resource application comprises spectrum bandwidth and usage duration; the number of the spectrum resources applied by the single frequency-using device is indicated by the product of the spectrum bandwidth and the service time, and the maximum resource application limit cannot be exceeded.
Further, in the spectrum allocation stage, a reputation value is used to maintain a corresponding spectrum for each frequency-using device, and the reputation value is less than or equal to 1.
Further, the method for allocating spectrum resources to the spectrum device comprises:
spectrum resource allocation is carried out according to the sequence of the credit value, and when the resource is insufficient, the resource is preferentially allocated to equipment with a high credit value;
when the credit value of the frequency utilization equipment is larger than or equal to a first threshold, allocating the frequency spectrum resources in full;
when the reputation value is smaller than the first threshold and larger than or equal to the second threshold, allocating spectrum resources in proportion to the reputation value and in units of reference spectrum resources; the reference frequency spectrum resource is the minimum resource number in the frequency spectrum application;
when the reputation value is below a second threshold, no spectrum resources are allocated.
Further, the method for defining the corresponding transmit power according to the space-time interference constraint includes: judging whether the transmitting power of the frequency equipment exceeds the interference constraint according to the following power control strategy:
wherein ,PjIndicating the transmission power of the frequency-using device, IthRepresenting an interference constraint factor, DjAlpha is the path fading factor for the location of the frequency-using device.
Further, the local detection model is:
wherein ,
and
respectively indicate that the channel is idle,Normal operation of frequency-using equipment and abnormal operation of frequency-using equipment, sigma2For the variance of the acquired perceptual samples,
Ptthe transmit power for the user, h the channel fading experienced by the signal of the user equipment to the sensing node,
is the noise power.
Further, the local detection method comprises: setting the decision domain optimization target of a single node as follows:
wherein ,
is in an actual state of
Time node determination
The probability of (d); alpha is alpha0 and α1The false alarm probability constraint parameters are constants and represent the false alarm probability constraint parameters during local detection;
thereby obtaining a decision domain of the sensing node about the abnormal frequency:
wherein ,
ynfor one-time sampled values, N being the number of samples, parameter lambdaiDetermined by false alarm probability constraints in the optimization objective; if no state abnormality is detected, then
The local judgment results d are 0,1 and 2 respectively correspond to the spectrum states
And
further, in the spectrum use evaluation stage, the mode that the sink node finally judges the abnormal frequency use behavior according to the sensing data of the K sensing nodes is as follows: after collecting the sensing data of K sensing nodes, the sink node adopts the following judgment criteria:
wherein ,n2 and n0Respectively representing the number of reported abnormal behaviors and channel idleness in K sensing nodes, L1 and L0Are two decision thresholds that are less than K.
Further, the method for updating the spectrum use credit value of the frequency device according to the final judgment result and the spectrum duty ratio comprises the following steps:
the credit value of the frequency utilization equipment is updated once in each frequency spectrum sharing period, and the credit value updating method of the frequency utilization equipment comprises the following steps:
wherein ,
representing the credit value, N, of the frequency consumer at the end of the last spectrum sharing periodaFor the total number of time slots that have been allocated,N0、N2respectively indicating the number of time slots in which the channel is detected to be idle in the allocated time slots and the number of time slots in which the abnormal frequency behavior of the user is detected,
representing the spectral duty cycle, theta < 1, for evaluating the duty cycle, c1Represents a penalty for frequency usage behavior at too low a duty cycle, c2Represents a penalty for unusual frequency behavior.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a system for enhancing spectrum usage order based on abnormal frequency behavior detection, where the system enhances spectrum usage order by the method for enhancing spectrum usage order based on abnormal frequency behavior detection provided by the present invention.
Has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: (1) the actual spectrum use condition is brought into relevant factors of a spectrum allocation strategy, so that the frequency utilization equipment is promoted to follow the spectrum use specification from the perspective of global optimization, and the spectrum efficiency of the whole network is promoted to be improved; (2) in the credit value updating of the frequency-using equipment, two behaviors which damage the spectrum income are comprehensively considered: any frequency usage behavior against the transmit power specification, virtual high spectrum applications. (3) The information closed loop formed between the abnormal frequency detection and the frequency spectrum allocation improves the efficiency and the effect of frequency spectrum management.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a spectrum usage order strengthening method based on abnormal frequency behavior detection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for strengthening spectrum usage order based on abnormal frequency behavior detection according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is combined with fig. 1, in which each spectrum sharing period includes a spectrum resource application phase, a spectrum allocation phase, a spectrum monitoring phase, and a spectrum usage evaluation phase.
In the spectrum resource application stage, each frequency utilization device sends a spectrum use application to a spectrum sharing management center according to the spectrum use requirement of the frequency utilization device. In this stage, the spectrum resource application includes two parameters of spectrum bandwidth and usage duration, and the number of spectrum resources applied by a single frequency device is indicated by the product of spectrum bandwidth and usage duration, which should not exceed the maximum resource application limit.
In the spectrum allocation stage, the spectrum sharing management center allocates spectrum resources for the frequency-using equipment according to the received spectrum use application and the historical spectrum use credit of the user, and gives out corresponding limits of transmitting power and the like according to space-time interference constraints. Specifically, in this stage, a reputation value is used to maintain a corresponding spectrum for each frequency device, where the reputation value is a value less than or equal to 1. Allocating the frequency spectrum resources for the frequency-using equipment by adopting the following allocation strategy:
firstly, spectrum resources are allocated according to the sequence of credit values, and when the resources are insufficient, the spectrum resources are preferentially allocated to equipment with high credit values; secondly, when the credit value of the frequency using equipment is larger than or equal to the first threshold
Allocating spectrum resources according to the full amount; when the reputation value is less than the first threshold
Greater than or equal to the second threshold
Then, allocating spectrum resources by taking the credit value as a proportion and the reference spectrum resources as a unit; when the reputation value is below a second threshold
And when not, no spectrum resource is allocated. The reference spectrum resource is the minimum resource number in the spectrum application.
In the spectrum allocation stage, according to the space-time interference constraint, a method for giving a limitation to the corresponding transmission power and the like comprises the following steps: judging whether the transmitting power of the frequency equipment exceeds the interference constraint according to the following power control strategy:
wherein ,PjRepresenting the transmission power of the frequency-using device, IthRepresenting an interference constraint factor, DjAlpha is the path fading factor for the location of the frequency-using device.
In the spectrum monitoring stage, a spectrum monitoring sink node issues monitoring tasks to a plurality of spectrum sensing nodes, the spectrum sensing nodes report sensing data of a target spectrum to the sink node, and the sensing data are local abnormal frequency behavior determined by the sensing nodes according to a local detection model and a detection method.
In the stage, the sensing node can receive and automatically execute a monitoring task of the frequency spectrum monitoring sink node; in a single time slot, a single node judges and obtains a local judgment result according to a local detection model and a detection method, and reports the local judgment result to the sink node.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the spectrum monitoring stage, the local detection model adopted by a single node is as follows:
wherein ,
and
respectively indicating that the channel is idle, the frequency-using equipment is working normally and the frequency-using equipment is working abnormally, sigma2For the variance of the acquired perceptual samples,
Ptthe transmit power for the user, h the channel fading experienced by the signal of the user equipment to the sensing node,
is the noise power.
In the spectrum monitoring stage, the detection method is based on the following optimization targets of a decision domain with a single node:
wherein ,
is in an actual state of
Time node determination
The probability of (d); alpha is alpha0 and α1The false alarm probability constraint parameters are constants and represent the false alarm probability constraint parameters during local detection;
thereby obtaining a decision domain of the sensing node about the abnormal frequency:
wherein ,
ynfor one-time sampled values, N being the number of samples, parameter lambdaiDetermined by false alarm probability constraints in the optimization objective; if no state abnormality is detected, then
The local judgment results d are 0,1 and 2 respectively correspond to the spectrum states
And
in the spectrum use evaluation stage, the sink node performs final judgment on abnormal frequency use behaviors according to the sensing data of the K sensing nodes, reports the final judgment result to the spectrum sharing management center, and updates the spectrum use credit value of the frequency use equipment according to the final judgment result and the spectrum duty ratio.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the stage, after the sink node collects the data of K sensing nodes, the final result is judged according to the following judgment criterion.
wherein ,n2 and n0Respectively representing the number of reported abnormal behaviors and channel idleness in K sensing nodes, L1 and L0Are two decision thresholds that are less than K.
In the embodiment of the invention, the judgment threshold L of abnormal frequency-using behavior can be judged1The optimization can be performed by considering the following optimization objectives, namely, maximizing the abnormal detection probability under the constraint of the global false alarm probability:
wherein ,β0 and β1For global false alarm probability constraint, beta is more than 00≤α0,0＜β1≤α1。
And after the sink node carries out final judgment, uploading a final judgment result to a spectrum management center, and updating the credit value of the frequency equipment in the spectrum management center according to the final judgment result and the spectrum duty ratio.
Specifically, the credit value update of the frequency utilization device is performed once in each spectrum sharing period, and the credit value update method of a certain frequency utilization device is as follows:
wherein ,
indicating the credit value of the frequency-using device at the end of the last spectrum sharing period, NaFor the total number of allocated time slots, N0、N2Respectively indicating the number of time slots in which the channel is detected to be idle in the allocated time slots and the number of time slots in which the abnormal frequency behavior of the user is detected,
representing the spectral duty cycle, theta < 1, for evaluating the duty cycle, c1Represents a penalty for frequency usage behavior at too low a duty cycle, c2A penalty for unusual frequency behavior is indicated. In the evaluation stage, the duty ratio is also evaluated, and the duty ratio refers to the ratio of the frequency band time used by each frequency device to the total time of all the frequency bands used by all the frequency devices, and is shown in the above formula
And theta evaluates the duty cycle high and low.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a system for enhancing spectrum use order based on abnormal frequency behavior detection, and in the system, the method for enhancing spectrum use order based on abnormal frequency behavior detection proposed by the present invention is used to enhance spectrum use order.
In the invention, the abnormal frequency behavior detection and the spectrum allocation are tightly connected to form an information closed loop between the spectrum allocation condition, the spectrum use specification and the actual spectrum use condition, thereby providing favorable information support for the spectrum use order strengthening.
The above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalents can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is intended that all such modifications and equivalents fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A spectrum use order strengthening method based on abnormal frequency behavior detection is characterized in that each spectrum sharing period comprises a spectrum resource application stage, a spectrum allocation stage, a spectrum monitoring stage and a spectrum use evaluation stage, wherein:
in the spectrum resource application stage, each frequency utilization device sends a spectrum use application to a spectrum sharing management center according to the spectrum use requirement of the frequency utilization device;
in the spectrum allocation stage, the spectrum sharing management center allocates spectrum resources for the spectrum equipment according to the received spectrum use application and the historical spectrum use credit of the user, and gives out corresponding limitation of transmitting power according to space-time interference constraint;
in a spectrum monitoring stage, a spectrum monitoring sink node issues monitoring tasks to a plurality of spectrum sensing nodes, the spectrum sensing nodes report sensing data of a target spectrum to the sink node, and the sensing data are local abnormal frequency behavior determined by the sensing nodes according to a local detection model and a detection method;
in the spectrum use evaluation stage, the sink node performs final judgment on abnormal frequency use behaviors according to the sensing data of each sensing node, reports the final judgment result to the spectrum sharing management center, and updates the spectrum use credit value of the frequency use equipment according to the final judgment result and the spectrum duty ratio.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the spectrum usage application includes spectrum bandwidth and usage duration; the number of the spectrum resources applied by the single frequency utilization equipment is marked by the product of the spectrum bandwidth and the use duration, and the number of the spectrum resources applied by the single frequency utilization equipment cannot exceed the maximum resource application limit.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the spectrum allocation stage, a credit value is used to maintain a corresponding spectrum for each frequency device, and the credit value is less than or equal to 1.
4. The method of spectrum order enhancement according to claim 3, wherein the method for allocating spectrum resources to spectrum devices comprises:
spectrum resource allocation is carried out according to the sequence of the credit value, and when the resource is insufficient, the resource is preferentially allocated to equipment with a high credit value;
when the credit value of the frequency utilization equipment is greater than or equal to a first threshold, allocating spectrum resources in a full amount;
when the credit value is smaller than the first threshold and larger than or equal to the second threshold, allocating the spectrum resources by taking the credit value as a proportion and taking the reference spectrum resources as a unit; the reference frequency spectrum resource is the minimum resource number in the frequency spectrum application;
when the reputation value is below a second threshold, no spectrum resources are allocated.
5. The method for spectrum order enhancement according to claim 4, wherein the method for defining the corresponding transmit power according to the space-time interference constraint comprises: judging whether the transmitting power of the frequency equipment exceeds the interference constraint according to the following power control strategy:
wherein ,PjRepresenting the transmission power of the frequency-using device, IthRepresenting an interference constraint factor, DjAlpha is the path fading factor for the location of the frequency-using device.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the local detection model is:
wherein ,
and
respectively indicating that the channel is idle, the frequency-using equipment is working normally and the frequency-using equipment is working abnormally, sigma2For the variance of the acquired perceptual samples,
Ptthe transmit power for the user, h the channel fading experienced by the signal of the user equipment to the sensing node,
is the noise power.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the local detection method comprises: setting the decision domain optimization target of a single node as follows:
wherein ,
is in an actual state of
Time node determination
The probability of (d); alpha is alpha0 and α1The false alarm probability constraint parameters are constants and represent local detection false alarm probability constraint parameters;
thereby obtaining a decision domain of the sensing node about the abnormal frequency:
wherein ,
ynfor one-time sampled values, N being the number of samples, parameter lambdaiDetermined by false alarm probability constraints in the optimization objective; if no state abnormality is detected, then
The local judgment results d are 0,1 and 2 respectively correspond to the spectrum states
And
8. the method for enhancing spectrum use order according to claim 1, wherein in the spectrum use evaluation phase, the way for the sink node to finally decide the abnormal frequency use behavior according to the sensing data of the K sensing nodes is as follows: after collecting the sensing data of K sensing nodes, the sink node adopts the following judgment criteria:
wherein ,n2 and n0Respectively representing the number of reported abnormal behaviors and channel idleness in all sensing nodes, wherein the total number of the sensing nodes is K and L1 and L0Are two decision thresholds that are less than K.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the method for updating the spectrum usage reputation value of the frequency device according to the final decision result and the spectrum duty cycle comprises:
and updating the credit value of the frequency utilization equipment once in each spectrum sharing period, wherein the credit value updating method of the frequency utilization equipment comprises the following steps:
wherein ,
representing the credit value, N, of the frequency consumer at the end of the last spectrum sharing periodaFor the total number of allocated time slots, N0、N2Respectively indicating the number of time slots in which the channel is detected to be idle in the allocated time slots and the number of time slots in which the abnormal frequency behavior of the user is detected,
representing the spectral duty cycle, theta < 1, for evaluating the duty cycle, c1Represents a penalty for frequency usage behavior at too low a duty cycle, c2A penalty for unusual frequency behavior is indicated.
10. A system for enforcing spectrum usage order based on abnormal frequency behavior detection, the system employs the method for enforcing spectrum usage order based on abnormal frequency behavior detection as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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