CN114614086A - Electrolyte containing fluorine substituted phosphorus nitrogen cyclic compound and battery composed of electrolyte - Google Patents
Electrolyte containing fluorine substituted phosphorus nitrogen cyclic compound and battery composed of electrolyte Download PDFInfo
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- CN114614086A CN114614086A CN202210301016.0A CN202210301016A CN114614086A CN 114614086 A CN114614086 A CN 114614086A CN 202210301016 A CN202210301016 A CN 202210301016A CN 114614086 A CN114614086 A CN 114614086A
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- electrolyte
- carbonate
- halogenated
- cyclic compound
- battery
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- -1 phosphorus nitrogen cyclic compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC=C1 GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1F GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JXUKFFRPLNTYIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trifluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=CC(F)=C1 JXUKFFRPLNTYIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MMZYCBHLNZVROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1F MMZYCBHLNZVROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MLBWTXHUVGBPNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pyridin-4-ylheptan-1-one Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 MLBWTXHUVGBPNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HFZLSTDPRQSZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pyrrolidin-3-ylpyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCCN1C1CNCC1 HFZLSTDPRQSZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KALSHRGEFLVFHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dichloro-1-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl KALSHRGEFLVFHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FPBJCOIQZLWHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-difluoro-5-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)OC1(F)F FPBJCOIQZLWHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1OC(=O)OC1F DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound ClC1COC(=O)O1 OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PNFFMCPDTFIXPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)OC(=O)C(C)F Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C(C)F PNFFMCPDTFIXPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LEMDBKVETNBUKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCOC(=O)C(F)CC Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(F)CC LEMDBKVETNBUKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IJMWOMHMDSDKGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC(C)C IJMWOMHMDSDKGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl benzoate Natural products COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- STSCVKRWJPWALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID ETHYL ESTER Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(F)(F)F STSCVKRWJPWALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WLLOZRDOFANZMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COC(=O)OCC(F)(F)F WLLOZRDOFANZMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CRBXQJHBOIIYLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2-fluoropropanoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)F CRBXQJHBOIIYLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- LEGITHRSIRNTQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound OC(O)=O.FC(F)(F)C=C LEGITHRSIRNTQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ONLLXDPBECIJCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-fluorobutanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(F)CC ONLLXDPBECIJCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ODMITNOQNBVSQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-fluoropropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)F ODMITNOQNBVSQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropanol acetate Natural products CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940011051 isopropyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GBPVMEKUJUKTBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OCC(F)(F)F GBPVMEKUJUKTBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MHAIQPNJLRLFLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-fluoropropanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)F MHAIQPNJLRLFLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PMGBATZKLCISOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3,3,3-trifluoropropanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(F)(F)F PMGBATZKLCISOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940095102 methyl benzoate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Nb](=O)O[Nb](=O)=O ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HERCSPPGAAQXBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 2-fluoroacetate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)CF HERCSPPGAAQXBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IRWIXUQVVIFUPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-fluoroacetate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CF IRWIXUQVVIFUPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LXPTXVYIIYSSHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-fluoropropanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)F LXPTXVYIIYSSHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- HUAZGNHGCJGYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCC HUAZGNHGCJGYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims 6
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical class [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006245 Carbon black Super-P Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005910 alkyl carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940125753 fibrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012812 general test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
- H01G11/64—Liquid electrolytes characterised by additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electrolyte containing a fluorine substituted phosphorus nitrogen cyclic compound and a battery composed of the electrolyte. The electrolyte comprises electrolyte, organic solvent and a fluoro-phosphorus nitrogen cyclic compound shown as a formula I. When the electrolyte is used in a battery, the electrolyte is added with the compound shown in the formula I, so that the multi-aspect performance of the battery is improved, the 3C discharge rate of the battery at normal temperature is more than 78.1% at 3C charging rate, the 1C discharge rate at-20 ℃ is more than 78.8%, the capacity retention rate of 3C charging/1C discharging cycle after 800 cycles at normal temperature is more than 81.4%, the capacity retention rate of 3C charging/1C discharging cycle at high temperature of 45 ℃ is more than 80.2%, and the comprehensive performance is excellent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage, and particularly relates to an electrolyte containing a fluoro-phosphorus-nitrogen cyclic compound and a battery composed of the electrolyte.
Background
Currently, organic electrolyte materials used in the lithium battery industry are mainly alkyl carbonate compounds and LiPF6Lithium salt system, the performance of which is greatly reduced at high temperature (above 60 ℃), while the power battery for electric automobile requires a higher working temperature range (about-30 to 80 ℃); moreover, the alkyl carbonate organic electrolyte material has high flammability, so that the safety has great hidden trouble; especially in the field of hybrid and all-electric automotive applications, long-term cycling problems and safety are important factors that limit the practical application of these materials.
The electrolyte is an important component of the lithium ion battery, and plays a role in transmitting lithium ions between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The safety, charge-discharge cycle, working temperature range and charge-discharge capacity of the battery are all important in relation to the electrochemical performance of the electrolyte. The traditional functional components in the electrolyte play a key role in prolonging the service life of the battery, but no long-term effective measure is provided for delaying or inhibiting the generation of lithium dendrites, so that the safety performance of the battery and the service life of charge-discharge cycles are greatly influenced.
The requirement of high energy density and the requirement of high temperature and high voltage stability of the battery are higher and higher, so that the development of an electrolyte for improving the stable charge and discharge cycle of the battery is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electrolyte containing a fluorine substituted phosphorus nitrogen cyclic compound and a battery composed of the electrolyte.
The electrolyte containing the fluoro substituted phosphorus nitrogen cyclic compound comprises an electrolyte, an organic solvent and the fluoro substituted phosphorus nitrogen cyclic compound shown as a formula I;
the electrolyte comprises XClO4、XPF6、XBF4、XTFSI、XFSI、XBOB、XODFB、XCF3SO3Or XAsF6Any one or a combination of at least two of; wherein X is Li, Na or K.
The organic solvent includes any one of carbonate, carboxylate, fluorocarboxylate, propionate, fluoroether or aromatic hydrocarbon or a combination of at least two thereof.
The carbonate includes a halogenated carbonate and/or a non-halogenated carbonate; the non-halogenated carbonate comprises any one or the combination of at least two of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or ethyl methyl carbonate; the halogenated carbonate comprises any one or the combination of at least two of fluoroethylene carbonate, difluoroethylene carbonate, difluoropropylene carbonate, ethyl trifluoroacetate, trifluoroethyl methyl carbonate, trifluoromethyl ethylene carbonate, 4-trifluoromethyl ethylene carbonate, chloroethylene carbonate, bis (2,2, 2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate, methyl trifluoropropionate, 3,3, 3-trifluoro ethyl acetate, 2-trifluoromethyl methyl benzoate, 4,4, 4-trifluoro ethyl butyrate or 1,1,1,3,3, 3-hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate.
The carboxylic acid ester comprises halogenated carboxylic acid ester and/or non-halogenated carboxylic acid ester; the non-halogenated carboxylic acid ester comprises any one or a combination of at least two of propyl butyrate, propyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, butyl propionate, isopropyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate or propyl propionate; the halogenated carboxylic acid ester comprises any one or a combination of at least two of propyl fluorobutyrate, propyl fluoroacetate, isopropyl fluoroacetate, butyl fluoropropionate, isopropyl fluoropropionate, ethyl fluorobutyrate, methyl fluoropropionate, ethyl fluoropropionate and propyl fluoropropionate.
The fluorine ether is a fluorine ether having 7 or less carbon atoms.
The aromatic hydrocarbon comprises halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon and/or non-halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon; the halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon comprises any one or the combination of at least two of monofluorobenzene, difluorobenzene, 1,3, 5-trifluorobenzene, trifluorotoluene, 2-fluorotoluene or 2, 4-dichlorotrifluorotoluene.
The weight percentage of the electrolyte in the electrolyte is 8-49%; the weight percentage of the organic solvent in the electrolyte is 1-85%; the weight percentage of the fluoro phosphorus nitrogen cyclic compound shown in the formula I in the electrolyte is 0.01-20%.
A battery comprises the electrolyte.
The battery comprises a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, a potassium ion battery or a super capacitor; the negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery comprises any one or the combination of at least two of graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, a composite material of monocrystalline silicon and graphite, a composite material of silicon oxide and graphite, and lithium titanate or niobium pentoxide.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the electrolyte disclosed by the invention is added with the compound shown in the formula I, so that when the electrolyte is used in a battery, the multi-aspect performance of the obtained battery is improved, the 3C discharge rate at normal temperature in the battery is more than 78.1% at 3C charge rate, the 1C discharge rate at-20 ℃ is more than 78.8%, the capacity retention rate of 3C charge/1C discharge cycle after 800 cycles at normal temperature is more than 81.4%, the capacity retention rate of 3C charge/1C discharge cycle after 45 ℃ high temperature is more than 80.2%, and the comprehensive performance is excellent.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the following description. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
The general test platform used in the examples is as follows:
the experimental anode adopts a binder PVDF-S5130, a composite conductive agent Super-P/KS-6 (the mass ratio of Super-P: KS-6 is 2: 1), a 622 nickel cobalt manganese ternary anode material or a lithium cobaltate anode material, a solvent NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl pyrrolidone), a cathode adopts C-P15, a conductive agent Super-P solvent CMC, H2O and a binder SBR as raw materials, the wet pulping process is respectively adopted to prepare slurry, the viscosity of the anode is adjusted to 10000-13000 mPa.s, the viscosity of the cathode is adjusted to 1500-3000 mPa.s, the N/P ratio is designed to be 1.12, the capacity is 1671mAh, the lithium ion battery is subjected to coating, slicing, rolling, splitting, drying at 140 ℃ for 8H, sealing tape pasting, winding the battery core, drying at 80 ℃ for 48H, and then the lithium ion battery is placed for 24H according to the following different electrolyte formulas, And preparing the lithium ion soft package battery by formation, primary final sealing, aging and secondary final sealing, and then testing the cycle performance and the safety performance of the battery.
The fluorinated phosphazene cyclic compounds used in examples 1-7 were custom-made to Shijiazhuang Santa Clay chemical (purity 99.5%).
The electrolyte compositions of examples 1 to 11 and comparative examples 1 and 2 are shown in table 1.
The compositions of the electrolytes provided in examples 1 to 11 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were all in weight ratio and each contained 1% VC and 1% PS, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 (in the tables, all are weight ratios)
The electrolytes described in examples 1-10 and comparative example 1 were added to a 1.67Ah lithium ion battery containing a graphite negative electrode material (fir P15), NCM622 nickel cobalt manganese ternary material;
the following tests were performed:
(1) charge rate performance: the 1C current is 1.67A, and the 3C current is 5.01A; the charge and discharge potential range is 2.75V-4.35V. The charging rate of the 3C at the normal temperature is a ratio of a capacity C2 of the 3C constant current charging to a 1C constant current charging capacity C1.
(2) Cycle performance: the range of charging and discharging potential is 2.75V-4.35V, the charging current is 3C (5.01A) to 4.35V, the constant voltage charging of 4.35V is carried out until the cut-off current is less than or equal to 0.02C (0.0334A), after standing for 5 minutes, 1C (1.67A) is discharged to 2.75V, and the standing is carried out for 5 minutes; thus, the charge and discharge are cycled.
(3) Low-temperature discharge performance: the 1C (1.67A) discharge capacity at 25 ℃ was C1, and after full charge at 4.35V and freezing at-20 ℃ for 4 hours, the discharge was 1C (1.67A) to 2.75V, and the discharge capacity was C2. The discharge rate at-20 ℃ was C2/C1.
The electrolyte described in example 11 and comparative example 2 was added to a battery whose negative electrode material was a silicon-carbon negative electrode material (fibrate S420) and whose positive electrode material was 4.5V lithium cobalt oxide to prepare a 1.85Ah lithium ion battery;
the following tests were performed:
(1) charge rate performance: the 1C current is 1.85A, and the 3C current is 5.55A; the charge and discharge potential range is 2.75V-4.50V. The charging rate of the 3C at the normal temperature is a ratio of a capacity C2 of the 3C constant current charging to a 1C constant current charging capacity C1.
(2) Cycle performance: the range of charging and discharging potential is 2.75V-4.50V, the charging current is 3C (5.55A) to 4.50V, the charging is carried out at 4.50V with constant voltage until the cut-off current is less than or equal to 0.02C (0.037A), after standing for 5 minutes, 1C (1.85A) is discharged to 2.75V, and the standing is carried out for 5 minutes; thus, the charge and discharge are cycled.
(3) Low-temperature discharge performance: the 1C (1.85A) discharge capacity at 25 ℃ at room temperature was designated as C1, and after full charge at 4.5V and freezing at-20 ℃ for 4 hours, the discharge was 1C (1.85A) to 2.75V, and the discharge capacity was designated as C2. The discharge rate at-20 ℃ was C2/C1.
The test results are summarized in tables 2 to 4.
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
As can be seen from the analysis of data in tables 2-4, when the electrolyte disclosed by the invention is used in a battery, the multi-aspect performance of the battery is improved by adding the compound shown in the formula I, the 3C discharge rate at normal temperature in the battery disclosed by the invention is more than 78.1%, the 1C discharge rate at 20 ℃ is more than 78.8%, the capacity retention rate of 3C charge/1C discharge cycle at 800 times of normal temperature cycle is more than 81.4%, the capacity retention rate of 800 times of 3C charge/1C discharge cycle at 45 ℃ is more than 80.2%, and the comprehensive performance is excellent.
As can be seen from the analysis of comparative example 1 and example 3, the performance of comparative example 1 is inferior to that of example 3, and the electrolyte added with the fluoro-phosphorus-nitrogen cyclic compound shown in the formula I is proved to be capable of improving the comprehensive performance and the safety performance of the battery. Analysis of comparative example 2 and example 11 revealed similar results. The electrolyte added with the fluoro-phosphorus-nitrogen cyclic compound shown in the formula I is proved to be beneficial to the charge-discharge cycle performance and the low-temperature discharge performance of a silicon-containing material or graphite serving as a negative electrode and a ternary material or cobalt acid lithium battery.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The electrolyte containing the fluoro substituted phosphorus nitrogen cyclic compound is characterized by comprising an electrolyte, an organic solvent and the fluoro substituted phosphorus nitrogen cyclic compound shown as a formula I;
2. the fluorinated phosphorus nitrogen-containing cyclic compound electrolyte solution of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises XClO4、XPF6、XBF4、XTFSI、XFSI、XBOB、XODFB、XCF3SO3Or XAsF6Any one or a combination of at least two of; wherein X is Li, Na or K.
3. The electrolyte as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic solvent includes any one or a combination of at least two of carbonate, carboxylate, fluorocarboxylate, propionate, fluoroether or aromatic hydrocarbon.
4. The electrolyte solution containing a fluorinated phosphorus-nitrogen cyclic compound according to claim 1, wherein the carbonate comprises a halogenated carbonate and/or a non-halogenated carbonate; the non-halogenated carbonate comprises any one or the combination of at least two of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or ethyl methyl carbonate; the halogenated carbonate comprises any one or the combination of at least two of fluoroethylene carbonate, difluoroethylene carbonate, difluoropropylene carbonate, ethyl trifluoroacetate, trifluoroethyl methyl carbonate, trifluoromethyl ethylene carbonate, 4-trifluoromethyl ethylene carbonate, chloroethylene carbonate, bis (2,2, 2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate, methyl trifluoropropionate, 3,3, 3-trifluoro ethyl acetate, 2-trifluoromethyl methyl benzoate, 4,4, 4-trifluoro ethyl butyrate or 1,1,1,3,3, 3-hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate.
5. The electrolyte of claim 1, wherein the carboxylic acid ester comprises a halogenated carboxylic acid ester and/or a non-halogenated carboxylic acid ester; the non-halogenated carboxylic acid ester comprises any one or a combination of at least two of propyl butyrate, propyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, butyl propionate, isopropyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate or propyl propionate; the halogenated carboxylic acid ester comprises any one or a combination of at least two of propyl fluorobutyrate, propyl fluoroacetate, isopropyl fluoroacetate, butyl fluoropropionate, isopropyl fluoropropionate, ethyl fluorobutyrate, methyl fluoropropionate, ethyl fluoropropionate and propyl fluoropropionate.
6. The electrolyte solution containing a fluorinated phosphorus-nitrogen-containing cyclic compound according to claim 1, wherein the fluoroether is fluoroether having 7 or less carbon atoms.
7. The electrolyte as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon includes halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon and/or non-halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon; the halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon comprises any one or the combination of at least two of monofluorobenzene, difluorobenzene, 1,3, 5-trifluorobenzene, trifluorotoluene, 2-fluorotoluene or 2, 4-dichlorotrifluorotoluene.
8. The electrolyte solution containing the fluorinated phosphorus-nitrogen cyclic compound according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of the electrolyte solution in the electrolyte solution is 8 to 49%; the weight percentage of the organic solvent in the electrolyte is 1-85%; the weight percentage of the fluoro phosphorus nitrogen cyclic compound shown in the formula I in the electrolyte is 0.01-20%.
9. A battery comprising the electrolyte of any one of claims 1-8.
10. The battery of claim 9, wherein the battery comprises a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, a potassium ion battery, or a supercapacitor; the negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery comprises any one or the combination of at least two of graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, a composite material of monocrystalline silicon and graphite, a composite material of silicon oxide and graphite, and lithium titanate or niobium pentoxide.
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