CN114613560B - Self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012025 fluorinating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- HXLAEGYMDGUSBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[diethoxy(methyl)silyl]propan-1-amine Chemical group CCO[Si](C)(OCC)CCCN HXLAEGYMDGUSBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical group NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BLIQUJLAJXRXSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidin-1-ium-3-carboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)O)(C(F)(F)F)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 BLIQUJLAJXRXSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FQFKTKUFHWNTBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoro-$l^{3}-bromane Chemical compound FBr(F)F FQFKTKUFHWNTBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JOHWNGGYGAVMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluorochlorine Chemical compound FCl(F)F JOHWNGGYGAVMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000025274 Lightning injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004334 fluoridation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 superoxide ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/38—Fittings, e.g. caps; Fastenings therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/50—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form with surfaces specially treated for preserving insulating properties, e.g. for protection against moisture, dirt, or the like
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
- H01B19/04—Treating the surfaces, e.g. applying coatings
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- Insulators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of porcelain insulators. Because porcelain insulator uses outdoor long-term, outdoor cold and hot freeze thawing for hydrophobic layer and glaze layer appear the crack, appear the phenomenon that drops, lead to the hydrophobic effect to weaken. Therefore, the buffer layer is added between the hydrophobic layer and the glaze layer, so that the buffer layer can buffer and absorb different expansion coefficients of the glaze layer and the hydrophobic layer, and the possibility of falling off is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of porcelain insulators, in particular to a self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The porcelain insulator has long use history, can meet the requirements of different voltage grades, and has the advantages of low degradation degree, low price and the like, and occupies a considerable proportion in an electric power system, a traction system and a traction power supply system. In recent years, with rapid development of urban and rural industries, environmental pollution is increasingly serious, pollution flashover accidents of porcelain insulators are obviously increased, and therefore, development of a self-cleaning type high-strength insulator is imperative.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art and provides a self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator comprises a porcelain piece, wherein the porcelain piece comprises a ceramic matrix, and a glaze layer, a buffer layer and a hydrophobic layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the ceramic matrix.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the buffer layer is a polymer elastomer layer.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator, glazing and firing are carried out on the surface of a porcelain piece to form a glaze layer, then the porcelain piece with the glaze layer is put into a polymer monomer solution to react to form a buffer layer, and finally a hydrophobic material is coated on the buffer layer to form a hydrophobic layer.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the buffer layer is subjected to a fluorination reaction in a gaseous fluorinating agent to form a fluorinated layer prior to application of the hydrophobic material.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gas fluorinating agent is a gas mixture of a fluorine-containing gas and an inert gas.
As a preferable mode of the invention, the fluorine-containing gas accounts for 1-10% of the volume concentration of the gas mixture.
As a preferable mode of the invention, the fluorine-containing gas is fluorine gas, xenon difluoride gas, chlorine trifluoride or bromine trifluoride gas.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, before the ceramic piece forming the glaze layer is put into the polymer monomer solution for reaction, the ceramic piece forming the glaze layer is firstly put into the silane coupling agent for dipping treatment.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hydrophobic material is a nano-structured TiO 2 film.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) According to the self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator, as the porcelain insulator is used outdoors for a long time, outdoor cold and hot freeze thawing causes cracks to appear in a hydrophobic layer and a glaze layer, and the phenomenon of falling occurs, so that the hydrophobic effect is weakened. Therefore, the buffer layer is added between the hydrophobic layer and the glaze layer, so that the buffer layer can buffer and absorb different expansion coefficients of the glaze layer and the hydrophobic layer, and the possibility of falling off is reduced.
(2) According to the preparation method of the self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator, the buffer layer is formed by adopting the polymer monomer on the glaze layer and the hydrophobic layer, so that the expansion stress caused by long-term use of the insulator is reduced. In addition, the fluoride layer is formed on the surface of the buffer layer, so that the surface breakdown voltage of the insulator can be remarkably improved, the insulating property is greatly improved, and the damage to the property of the insulator is reduced.
Detailed Description
The following specific examples are provided to further illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention.
Example 1
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator comprises a porcelain piece, wherein the porcelain piece comprises a ceramic matrix, and a glaze layer, a buffer layer and a hydrophobic layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the ceramic matrix.
The buffer layer is a polymer elastomer layer.
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator is prepared through glazing the surface of porcelain, calcining to form glazed layer, putting the porcelain with glazed layer in monomer solution of polymer, reacting to form buffer layer, and coating hydrophobic material on the buffer layer to form hydrophobic layer. The preparation method of the buffer layer comprises the following steps: the polymer monomer solution is added with a catalyst (1, 3-disubstituted-1, 1', 3' -tetraalkyl distannoxane) and a curing agent (diethylenetriamine), wherein the catalyst accounts for 1 weight percent of the polymer monomer solution, the curing agent accounts for 5 weight percent of the polymer monomer solution, and the catalyst is prepared by reaction polymerization. The polymer monomer adopts self-crosslinking silane. The self-crosslinking silane is 3-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane.
Before the hydrophobic material is coated, the buffer layer is subjected to fluorination reaction for 1h under the pressure of 1Mpa in a gaseous fluorination reagent to form a fluorinated layer.
The gas fluorinating agent is a gas mixture of fluorine-containing gas and inert gas.
The fluorine-containing gas accounts for 1% of the volume concentration of the gas mixture, and the inert gas is nitrogen.
The fluorine-containing gas is fluorine gas.
Before the ceramic piece with the glaze layer is put into the polymer monomer solution for reaction, the ceramic piece with the glaze layer is firstly put into KH550 silane coupling agent for soaking treatment for 30min.
The hydrophobic material is a TiO 2 film with a nano structure, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: tetrabutyl titanate is used as a raw material, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, and the molar ratio of the tetrabutyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:22, forming a mixed solution, adding glacial acetic acid accounting for 10wt% of the mixed solution, coating the mixed solution on the surface of the porcelain piece, and reacting to prepare the hydrophobic layer.
Example 2
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator comprises a porcelain piece, wherein the porcelain piece comprises a ceramic matrix, and a glaze layer, a buffer layer and a hydrophobic layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the ceramic matrix.
The buffer layer is a polymer elastomer layer.
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator is prepared through glazing the surface of porcelain, calcining to form glazed layer, putting the porcelain with glazed layer in monomer solution of polymer, reacting to form buffer layer, and coating hydrophobic material on the buffer layer to form hydrophobic layer. The preparation method of the buffer layer comprises the following steps: the polymer monomer solution is added with a catalyst (1, 3-disubstituted-1, 1', 3' -tetraalkyl distannoxane) and a curing agent (diethylenetriamine), wherein the catalyst accounts for 1 weight percent of the polymer monomer solution, the curing agent accounts for 5 weight percent of the polymer monomer solution, and the catalyst is prepared by reaction polymerization. The polymer monomer adopts self-crosslinking silane. The self-crosslinking silane is 3-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane.
Before the hydrophobic material is coated, the buffer layer is subjected to fluorination reaction for 1h under the pressure of 1Mpa in a gaseous fluorination reagent to form a fluorinated layer.
The gas fluorinating agent is a gas mixture of fluorine-containing gas and inert gas.
The fluorine-containing gas accounts for 3% of the volume concentration of the gas mixture, and the inert gas is argon.
The fluorine-containing gas is xenon difluoride gas.
Before the ceramic piece with the glaze layer is put into the polymer monomer solution for reaction, the ceramic piece with the glaze layer is firstly put into KH550 silane coupling agent for dipping treatment for 40min.
The hydrophobic material is a TiO 2 film with a nano structure, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: tetrabutyl titanate is used as a raw material, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, and the molar ratio of the tetrabutyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:22, forming a mixed solution, adding glacial acetic acid accounting for 10wt% of the mixed solution, coating the mixed solution on the surface of the porcelain piece, and reacting to prepare the hydrophobic layer.
Example 3
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator comprises a porcelain piece, wherein the porcelain piece comprises a ceramic matrix, and a glaze layer, a buffer layer and a hydrophobic layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the ceramic matrix.
The buffer layer is a polymer elastomer layer.
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator is prepared through glazing the surface of porcelain, calcining to form glazed layer, putting the porcelain with glazed layer in monomer solution of polymer, reacting to form buffer layer, and coating hydrophobic material on the buffer layer to form hydrophobic layer. The preparation method of the buffer layer comprises the following steps: the polymer monomer solution is added with a catalyst (1, 3-disubstituted-1, 1', 3' -tetraalkyl distannoxane) and a curing agent (diethylenetriamine), wherein the catalyst accounts for 1 weight percent of the polymer monomer solution, the curing agent accounts for 5 weight percent of the polymer monomer solution, and the catalyst is prepared by reaction polymerization. The polymer monomer adopts self-crosslinking silane. The self-crosslinking silane is 3-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane.
Before the hydrophobic material is coated, the buffer layer is subjected to fluorination reaction for 1h under the pressure of 1Mpa in a gaseous fluorination reagent to form a fluorinated layer.
The gas fluorinating agent is a gas mixture of fluorine-containing gas and inert gas.
The fluorine-containing gas accounts for 5% of the volume concentration of the gas mixture, and the inert gas is nitrogen.
The fluorine-containing gas is bromine trifluoride gas.
Before the ceramic piece with the glaze layer is put into the polymer monomer solution for reaction, the ceramic piece with the glaze layer is firstly put into KH550 silane coupling agent for soaking treatment for 30min.
The hydrophobic material is a TiO 2 film with a nano structure, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: tetrabutyl titanate is used as a raw material, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, and the molar ratio of the tetrabutyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:22, forming a mixed solution, adding glacial acetic acid accounting for 10wt% of the mixed solution, coating the mixed solution on the surface of the porcelain piece, and reacting to prepare the hydrophobic layer.
Example 4
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator comprises a porcelain piece, wherein the porcelain piece comprises a ceramic matrix, and a glaze layer, a buffer layer and a hydrophobic layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the ceramic matrix.
The buffer layer is a polymer elastomer layer.
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator is prepared through glazing the surface of porcelain, calcining to form glazed layer, putting the porcelain with glazed layer in monomer solution of polymer, reacting to form buffer layer, and coating hydrophobic material on the buffer layer to form hydrophobic layer. The preparation method of the buffer layer comprises the following steps: the polymer monomer solution is added with a catalyst (1, 3-disubstituted-1, 1', 3' -tetraalkyl distannoxane) and a curing agent (diethylenetriamine), wherein the catalyst accounts for 1 weight percent of the polymer monomer solution, the curing agent accounts for 5 weight percent of the polymer monomer solution, and the catalyst is prepared by reaction polymerization. The polymer monomer adopts self-crosslinking silane. The self-crosslinking silane is 3-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane.
Before the hydrophobic material is coated, the buffer layer is subjected to fluorination reaction for 1h under the pressure of 1Mpa in a gaseous fluorination reagent to form a fluorinated layer.
The gas fluorinating agent is a gas mixture of fluorine-containing gas and inert gas.
The fluorine-containing gas is 8% by volume in the gas mixture.
The fluorine-containing gas is fluorine gas, and the inert gas is nitrogen gas.
Before the ceramic piece with the glaze layer is put into the polymer monomer solution for reaction, the ceramic piece with the glaze layer is firstly put into KH550 silane coupling agent for soaking treatment for 30min.
The hydrophobic material is a TiO 2 film with a nano structure, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: tetrabutyl titanate is used as a raw material, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, and the molar ratio of the tetrabutyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:22, forming a mixed solution, adding glacial acetic acid accounting for 10wt% of the mixed solution, coating the mixed solution on the surface of the porcelain piece, and reacting to prepare the hydrophobic layer.
Example 5
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator comprises a porcelain piece, wherein the porcelain piece comprises a ceramic matrix, and a glaze layer, a buffer layer and a hydrophobic layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the ceramic matrix.
The buffer layer is a polymer elastomer layer.
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator is prepared through glazing the surface of porcelain, calcining to form glazed layer, putting the porcelain with glazed layer in monomer solution of polymer, reacting to form buffer layer, and coating hydrophobic material on the buffer layer to form hydrophobic layer. The preparation method of the buffer layer comprises the following steps: the polymer monomer solution is added with a catalyst (1, 3-disubstituted-1, 1', 3' -tetraalkyl distannoxane) and a curing agent (diethylenetriamine), wherein the catalyst accounts for 1 weight percent of the polymer monomer solution, the curing agent accounts for 5 weight percent of the polymer monomer solution, and the catalyst is prepared by reaction polymerization. The polymer monomer adopts self-crosslinking silane. The self-crosslinking silane is 3-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane.
Before the hydrophobic material is coated, the buffer layer is subjected to fluorination reaction for 1h under the pressure of 1Mpa in a gaseous fluorination reagent to form a fluorinated layer.
The gas fluorinating agent is a gas mixture of fluorine-containing gas and inert gas.
The fluorine-containing gas accounts for 5% of the volume concentration of the gas mixture, and the inert gas is nitrogen.
The fluorine-containing gas is fluorine gas, xenon difluoride gas, chlorine trifluoride or bromine trifluoride gas.
Before the ceramic piece with the glaze layer is put into the polymer monomer solution for reaction, the ceramic piece with the glaze layer is firstly put into KH550 silane coupling agent for soaking treatment for 30min.
The hydrophobic material is a TiO 2 film with a nano structure, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: tetrabutyl titanate is used as a raw material, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, and the molar ratio of the tetrabutyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:22, forming a mixed solution, adding glacial acetic acid accounting for 10wt% of the mixed solution, coating the mixed solution on the surface of the porcelain piece, and reacting to prepare the hydrophobic layer.
Comparative example 1 (non-fluoridation treatment)
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator comprises a porcelain piece, wherein the porcelain piece comprises a ceramic matrix, and a glaze layer, a buffer layer and a hydrophobic layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the ceramic matrix.
The buffer layer is a polymer elastomer layer.
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator is prepared through glazing the surface of porcelain, calcining to form glazed layer, putting the porcelain with glazed layer in monomer solution of polymer, reacting to form buffer layer, and coating hydrophobic material on the buffer layer to form hydrophobic layer. The preparation method of the buffer layer comprises the following steps: the polymer monomer solution is added with a catalyst (1, 3-disubstituted-1, 1', 3' -tetraalkyl distannoxane) and a curing agent (diethylenetriamine), wherein the catalyst accounts for 1 weight percent of the polymer monomer solution, the curing agent accounts for 5 weight percent of the polymer monomer solution, and the catalyst is prepared by reaction polymerization. The polymer monomer adopts self-crosslinking silane. The self-crosslinking silane is 3-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane.
Before the ceramic piece with the glaze layer is put into the polymer monomer solution for reaction, the ceramic piece with the glaze layer is firstly put into KH550 silane coupling agent for soaking treatment for 30min.
The hydrophobic material is a TiO 2 film with a nano structure, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: tetrabutyl titanate is used as a raw material, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, and the molar ratio of the tetrabutyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:22, forming a mixed solution, adding glacial acetic acid accounting for 10wt% of the mixed solution, coating the mixed solution on the surface of the porcelain piece, and reacting to prepare the hydrophobic layer.
Comparative example 2 (no buffer layer)
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator comprises a porcelain piece, wherein the porcelain piece comprises a ceramic matrix, and a glaze layer and a hydrophobic layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the ceramic matrix.
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator is prepared through glazing the surface of porcelain, calcining to form glazed layer, and coating hydrophobic material on glazed layer.
The hydrophobic material is a TiO 2 film with a nano structure, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: tetrabutyl titanate is used as a raw material, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, and the molar ratio of the tetrabutyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: and 22, adding 10wt% of glacial acetic acid in the mixed solution, coating the mixed solution on the surface of the porcelain, and reacting to prepare the hydrophobic layer.
The following performance tests were performed on the above examples and comparative examples, and the test results are shown in the following table:
Experiment 1: repeatedly freezing and thawing the sample for 30 times at the temperature of between 50 ℃ below zero and 40 ℃ below zero, and testing the impact strength of the sample;
Experiment 2: lightning protection full wave impulse flashover test: and simulating lightning stroke by adopting a surge voltage generator, and testing the lightning protection full-wave surge flashover voltage value, namely the breakdown voltage, of the sample.
Experiment 3: after the test sample is subjected to a corona aging test for 100 hours, a contact angle tester is adopted to measure the hydrophobic contact angle of the test sample, and the corona aging test conditions are as follows: the test pieces were subjected to a corona aging test at 3.5kv for 100 hours;
From the above table, the sample properties of the examples are better than those of the comparative examples, mainly for the following reasons: analysis of comparative example 1 shows that in the embodiment, by forming the fluorinated layer on the surface of the buffer layer, the surface breakdown voltage of the insulator can be remarkably improved, the insulating performance is greatly improved, and the performance damage to the insulator is reduced; analysis of comparative example 2 shows that the buffer layer is added between the hydrophobic layer and the glaze layer in the embodiment, so that the buffer layer can buffer and absorb different expansion coefficients of the glaze layer and the hydrophobic layer, the possibility of falling off is reduced, and the performance of the insulator is improved. In addition, the embodiment adopts a TiO 2 film with a nano structure, holes and electrons generated by the TiO 2 under illumination form active oxygen such as strong free radicals and superoxide ions with the absorption of H 2 O and O 2 on the surface of the film, the film has strong oxidative decomposition capability, can destroy C-C bonds, C-H bonds and N-H bonds in organic matters, has high-efficiency contact angle, and meanwhile, the contact angle of water on the surface of TiO 2 is rapidly reduced to be close to 0 ℃ from tens of initial contact angle under illumination condition and finally becomes completely moist, namely hydrophilic, and the TiO 2 shows hydrophobicity under the condition of no sunlight irradiation. By utilizing the dual properties of TiO 2, in overcast and rainy days, the hydrophobicity of the surface of the insulator is reduced, a high-voltage series discharge model is formed, pollution flashover is not caused, hydrophilicity is shown under the condition of illumination, the insulator cleaning work is carried out on sunny days, at the moment, the pollutants on the surface are easily removed, the organic matters are decomposed due to the photocatalytic effect, the cleaning is easier, and the self-cleaning performance is improved. TiO 2 is an n-type semiconductor, and when an insulator coated with TiO 2 component has a trace amount of leakage current on the surface of the insulator in overcast and rainy weather, the insulator has a current heating effect, and the surface drying process is quickened.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention can be modified or equivalents can be substituted for some of the features thereof, and any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement or the like that is within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator is characterized by comprising a porcelain piece, wherein the porcelain piece comprises a ceramic matrix, and a glaze layer, a buffer layer and a hydrophobic layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the ceramic matrix; the buffer layer is a polymer elastomer layer;
The preparation method of the buffer layer comprises the following steps: adding a catalyst and a curing agent into the polymer monomer solution, wherein the catalyst accounts for 1 weight percent of the polymer monomer solution, and the curing agent accounts for 5 weight percent of the polymer monomer solution, and carrying out reaction polymerization to obtain the polymer; the polymer monomer adopts self-crosslinking silane; the self-crosslinking silane is 3-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane;
The catalyst is 1, 3-disubstituted-1, 1', 3' -tetraalkyl distannoxane;
The curing agent is diethylenetriamine.
2. A method for preparing a self-cleaning high strength porcelain insulator according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the porcelain is glazed and fired to form a glazed layer, then the porcelain with the glazed layer is put into a polymer monomer solution for reaction to form a buffer layer, and finally a hydrophobic material is coated on the buffer layer to form a hydrophobic layer.
3. The method for preparing a self-cleaning high strength porcelain insulator according to claim 2, wherein the buffer layer is subjected to a fluorination reaction in a gaseous fluorination reagent to form a fluorinated layer before the hydrophobic material is applied.
4. A method of producing a self-cleaning high strength porcelain insulator according to claim 3, wherein the gas fluorinating agent is a gas mixture of fluorine-containing gas and inert gas.
5. The method for preparing a self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator according to claim 4, wherein the fluorine-containing gas accounts for 1-10% of the volume concentration of the gas mixture.
6. The method for preparing the self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator according to claim 4, wherein the fluorine-containing gas is fluorine gas, xenon difluoride gas, chlorine trifluoride or bromine trifluoride gas.
7. The method for preparing a self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator according to claim 2, wherein the porcelain piece with the glaze layer is firstly put into a silane coupling agent for dipping treatment before the porcelain piece with the glaze layer is put into a polymer monomer solution for reaction.
8. The method for preparing the self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator according to claim 2, wherein the hydrophobic material is a nano-structured TiO 2 film.
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