CN114613560A - Self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012025 fluorinating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- BLIQUJLAJXRXSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidin-1-ium-3-carboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)O)(C(F)(F)F)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 BLIQUJLAJXRXSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FQFKTKUFHWNTBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoro-$l^{3}-bromane Chemical compound FBr(F)F FQFKTKUFHWNTBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JOHWNGGYGAVMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluorochlorine Chemical compound FCl(F)F JOHWNGGYGAVMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 123
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 18
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- HXLAEGYMDGUSBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[diethoxy(methyl)silyl]propan-1-amine Chemical group CCO[Si](C)(OCC)CCCN HXLAEGYMDGUSBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000025274 Lightning injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/38—Fittings, e.g. caps; Fastenings therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/50—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form with surfaces specially treated for preserving insulating properties, e.g. for protection against moisture, dirt, or the like
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
- H01B19/04—Treating the surfaces, e.g. applying coatings
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of porcelain insulators. Because the porcelain insulator is used outdoors for a long time and is frozen and thawed outdoors in cold and hot, the hydrophobic layer and the glazed layer are cracked and fall off, and the hydrophobic effect is weakened. Therefore, the buffer layers are added in the hydrophobic layer and the glazed layer, so that different expansion coefficients of the glazed layer and the hydrophobic layer can be buffered and absorbed, and the possibility of falling is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of porcelain insulators, in particular to a self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The porcelain insulator has a long history of use, can meet the requirements of different voltage grades, and occupies a considerable proportion in an electric power system, a traction system and a traction power supply system due to the advantages of low degradation degree, low price and the like. In recent years, with the rapid development of urban and rural industries, the environmental pollution is increasingly serious, and the pollution flashover accident of the porcelain insulator is obviously increased, so that the development of a self-cleaning high-strength insulator is imperative.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art and provides a self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator and a preparation method thereof.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a self-cleaning type high strength porcelain insulator, includes the porcelain spare, and the porcelain spare includes the ceramic base member, and ceramic base member surface is provided with glazed surface layer, buffer layer and hydrophobic layer in proper order.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the buffer layer is a polymer elastomer layer.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator, which comprises the steps of glazing and sintering the surface of a porcelain piece to form a glazed layer, putting the porcelain piece with the glazed layer into a polymer monomer solution to react to form a buffer layer, and finally coating a hydrophobic material on the buffer layer to form a hydrophobic layer.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the buffer layer is fluorinated in a gaseous fluorinating agent to form a fluorinated layer before the hydrophobic material is applied.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gaseous fluorinating agent is a gas mixture of a fluorine-containing gas and an inert gas.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fluorine-containing gas is present in the gas mixture at a concentration of 1 to 10% by volume.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fluorine-containing gas is fluorine gas, xenon difluoride gas, chlorine trifluoride gas or bromine trifluoride gas.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, before the ceramic piece forming the glazed layer is put into the polymer monomer solution for reaction, the ceramic piece forming the glazed layer is put into the silane coupling agent for dipping treatment.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the hydrophobic material is nano-structured TiO2A film.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator, due to the fact that the porcelain insulator is used outdoors for a long time and is frozen and thawed outdoors in a cold and hot mode, the hydrophobic layer and the glaze layer are cracked and fall off, and the hydrophobic effect is weakened. Therefore, the buffer layers are added in the hydrophobic layer and the glazed layer, so that different expansion coefficients of the glazed layer and the hydrophobic layer can be buffered and absorbed, and the possibility of falling is reduced.
(2) According to the preparation method of the self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator, the polymer monomer is adopted to form the buffer layer on the glaze layer and the hydrophobic layer, so that the expansion stress caused by long-term use of the insulator is reduced. In addition, a fluoride layer is formed on the surface of the buffer layer, so that the surface breakdown voltage of the insulator can be remarkably improved, the insulating property is greatly improved, and the damage to the property of the insulator is reduced.
Detailed Description
The following specific examples further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention.
Example 1
The utility model provides a self-cleaning type high strength porcelain insulator, includes the porcelain spare, and the porcelain spare includes the ceramic base member, and ceramic base member surface is provided with glazed layer, buffer layer and hydrophobic layer in proper order.
The buffer layer is a polymer elastomer layer.
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator is prepared through glazing on the surface of porcelain, calcining to form a glazed layer, reaction of said porcelain in monomer solution of polymer to form a buffer layer, and coating hydrophobic material on said buffer layer to form a hydrophobic layer. The preparation method of the buffer layer comprises the following steps: adding a catalyst (1, 3-disubstituted-1, 1',3,3' -tetraalkyl distannoxane) and a curing agent (diethylenetriamine) into the polymer monomer solution, wherein the catalyst accounts for 1 wt% of the polymer monomer solution, and the curing agent accounts for 5 wt% of the polymer monomer solution, and reacting and polymerizing to obtain the catalyst. The polymer monomer adopts self-crosslinking silane. The self-crosslinking silane is 3-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane.
Before coating the hydrophobic material, the buffer layer is subjected to fluorination reaction in a gas fluorinating agent under a pressure of 1MPa for 1h to form a fluorinated layer.
The gas fluorinating agent is a gas mixture of fluorine-containing gas and inert gas.
The fluorine-containing gas accounts for 1% of the volume concentration of the gas mixture, and the inert gas is nitrogen.
The fluorine-containing gas is fluorine gas.
Before the porcelain piece forming the glazed layer is put into the polymer monomer solution for reaction, the porcelain piece forming the glazed layer is firstly put into a KH550 silane coupling agent for dipping treatment for 30 min.
The hydrophobic material is TiO with a nano structure2The film specifically adopts the following method: tetrabutyl titanate is used as a raw material, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, and the molar ratio of the tetrabutyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 22, forming a mixed solution, adding glacial acetic acid with the weight percent of 10% of the mixed solution, coating the mixture on the surface of the porcelain piece, and reacting to prepare a hydrophobic layer.
Example 2
The utility model provides a self-cleaning type high strength porcelain insulator, includes the porcelain spare, and the porcelain spare includes the ceramic base member, and ceramic base member surface is provided with glazed surface layer, buffer layer and hydrophobic layer in proper order.
The buffer layer is a polymer elastomer layer.
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator is prepared through glazing on the surface of porcelain, calcining to form a glazed layer, reaction of said porcelain in monomer solution of polymer to form a buffer layer, and coating hydrophobic material on said buffer layer to form a hydrophobic layer. The preparation method of the buffer layer comprises the following steps: adding a catalyst (1, 3-disubstituted-1, 1',3,3' -tetraalkyl distannoxane) and a curing agent (diethylenetriamine) into the polymer monomer solution, wherein the catalyst accounts for 1 wt% of the polymer monomer solution, and the curing agent accounts for 5 wt% of the polymer monomer solution, and reacting and polymerizing to obtain the catalyst. The polymer monomer adopts self-crosslinking silane. The self-crosslinking silane is 3-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane.
Before coating the hydrophobic material, the buffer layer is subjected to fluorination reaction for 1h under the pressure of 1Mpa in a gas fluorination reagent to form a fluorinated layer.
The gas fluorinating agent is a gas mixture of fluorine-containing gas and inert gas.
The fluorine-containing gas accounts for 3% of the volume concentration of the gas mixture, and the inert gas is argon.
The fluorine-containing gas is xenon difluoride gas.
Before the porcelain piece forming the glazed layer is put into the polymer monomer solution for reaction, the porcelain piece forming the glazed layer is firstly put into a KH550 silane coupling agent for dipping treatment for 40 min.
The hydrophobic material is TiO with a nano structure2Specifically, the following method is adopted for the film: tetrabutyl titanate is used as a raw material, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, and the molar ratio of the tetrabutyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 22, forming a mixed solution, adding glacial acetic acid accounting for 10 wt% of the mixed solution, coating the mixture on the surface of the porcelain piece, and reacting to prepare the hydrophobic layer.
Example 3
The utility model provides a self-cleaning type high strength porcelain insulator, includes the porcelain spare, and the porcelain spare includes the ceramic base member, and ceramic base member surface is provided with glazed surface layer, buffer layer and hydrophobic layer in proper order.
The buffer layer is a polymer elastomer layer.
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator is prepared through glazing on the surface of porcelain, calcining to form a glazed layer, reaction of said porcelain in monomer solution of polymer to form a buffer layer, and coating hydrophobic material on said buffer layer to form a hydrophobic layer. The preparation method of the buffer layer comprises the following steps: adding a catalyst (1, 3-disubstituted-1, 1',3,3' -tetraalkyl distannoxane) and a curing agent (diethylenetriamine) into the polymer monomer solution, wherein the catalyst accounts for 1 wt% of the polymer monomer solution, and the curing agent accounts for 5 wt% of the polymer monomer solution, and reacting and polymerizing to obtain the catalyst. The polymer monomer adopts self-crosslinking silane. The self-crosslinking silane is 3-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane.
Before coating the hydrophobic material, the buffer layer is subjected to fluorination reaction in a gas fluorinating agent under a pressure of 1MPa for 1h to form a fluorinated layer.
The gas fluorinating agent is a gas mixture of fluorine-containing gas and inert gas.
The fluorine-containing gas accounts for 5% of the volume concentration of the gas mixture, and the inert gas is nitrogen.
The fluorine-containing gas is bromine trifluoride gas.
Before the porcelain piece forming the glazed layer is put into the polymer monomer solution for reaction, the porcelain piece forming the glazed layer is firstly put into a KH550 silane coupling agent for dipping treatment for 30 min.
The hydrophobic material is TiO with a nano structure2The film specifically adopts the following method: tetrabutyl titanate is used as a raw material, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, and the molar ratio of the tetrabutyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 22, forming a mixed solution, adding glacial acetic acid accounting for 10 wt% of the mixed solution, coating the mixture on the surface of the porcelain piece, and reacting to prepare the hydrophobic layer.
Example 4
The utility model provides a self-cleaning type high strength porcelain insulator, includes the porcelain spare, and the porcelain spare includes the ceramic base member, and ceramic base member surface is provided with glazed surface layer, buffer layer and hydrophobic layer in proper order.
The buffer layer is a polymer elastomer layer.
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator is prepared through glazing on the surface of porcelain, calcining to form a glazed layer, reaction of said porcelain in monomer solution of polymer to form a buffer layer, and coating hydrophobic material on said buffer layer to form a hydrophobic layer. The preparation method of the buffer layer comprises the following steps: adding a catalyst (1, 3-disubstituted-1, 1',3,3' -tetraalkyl distannoxane) and a curing agent (diethylenetriamine) into the polymer monomer solution, wherein the catalyst accounts for 1 wt% of the polymer monomer solution, and the curing agent accounts for 5 wt% of the polymer monomer solution, and reacting and polymerizing to obtain the catalyst. The polymer monomer adopts self-crosslinking silane. The self-crosslinking silane is 3-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane.
Before coating the hydrophobic material, the buffer layer is subjected to fluorination reaction in a gas fluorinating agent under a pressure of 1MPa for 1h to form a fluorinated layer.
The gas fluorinating agent is a gas mixture of fluorine-containing gas and inert gas.
The fluorine-containing gas is present in a concentration of 8% by volume in the gas mixture.
The fluorine-containing gas is fluorine gas, and the inert gas is nitrogen gas.
Before the porcelain piece forming the glazed layer is put into the polymer monomer solution for reaction, the porcelain piece forming the glazed layer is firstly put into a KH550 silane coupling agent for dipping treatment for 30 min.
The hydrophobic material is TiO with a nano structure2The film specifically adopts the following method: tetrabutyl titanate is used as a raw material, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, and the molar ratio of the tetrabutyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 22, forming a mixed solution, adding glacial acetic acid accounting for 10 wt% of the mixed solution, coating the mixture on the surface of the porcelain piece, and reacting to prepare the hydrophobic layer.
Example 5
The utility model provides a self-cleaning type high strength porcelain insulator, includes the porcelain spare, and the porcelain spare includes the ceramic base member, and ceramic base member surface is provided with glazed layer, buffer layer and hydrophobic layer in proper order.
The buffer layer is a polymer elastomer layer.
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator is prepared through glazing on the surface of porcelain, calcining to form a glazed layer, reaction of said porcelain in monomer solution of polymer to form a buffer layer, and coating hydrophobic material on said buffer layer to form a hydrophobic layer. The preparation method of the buffer layer comprises the following steps: adding a catalyst (1, 3-disubstituted-1, 1',3,3' -tetraalkyl distannoxane) and a curing agent (diethylenetriamine) into the polymer monomer solution, wherein the catalyst accounts for 1 wt% of the polymer monomer solution, and the curing agent accounts for 5 wt% of the polymer monomer solution, and reacting and polymerizing to obtain the catalyst. The polymer monomer adopts self-crosslinking silane. The self-crosslinking silane is 3-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane.
Before coating the hydrophobic material, the buffer layer is subjected to fluorination reaction for 1h under the pressure of 1Mpa in a gas fluorination reagent to form a fluorinated layer.
The gas fluorinating agent is a gas mixture of fluorine-containing gas and inert gas.
The fluorine-containing gas accounts for 5% of the volume concentration of the gas mixture, and the inert gas is nitrogen.
The fluorine-containing gas is fluorine gas, xenon difluoride gas, chlorine trifluoride or bromine trifluoride gas.
Before the porcelain piece forming the glazed layer is put into the polymer monomer solution for reaction, the porcelain piece forming the glazed layer is firstly put into a KH550 silane coupling agent for dipping treatment for 30 min.
The describedThe hydrophobic material is TiO with a nano structure2The film specifically adopts the following method: tetrabutyl titanate is used as a raw material, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, and the molar ratio of the tetrabutyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 22, forming a mixed solution, adding glacial acetic acid with the weight percent of 10% of the mixed solution, coating the mixture on the surface of the porcelain piece, and reacting to prepare a hydrophobic layer.
Comparative example 1 (No fluorination treatment)
The utility model provides a self-cleaning type high strength porcelain insulator, includes the porcelain spare, and the porcelain spare includes the ceramic base member, and ceramic base member surface is provided with glazed layer, buffer layer and hydrophobic layer in proper order.
The buffer layer is a polymer elastomer layer.
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator is prepared through glazing on the surface of porcelain, calcining to form a glazed layer, reaction of said porcelain in monomer solution of polymer to form a buffer layer, and coating hydrophobic material on said buffer layer to form a hydrophobic layer. The preparation method of the buffer layer comprises the following steps: adding a catalyst (1, 3-disubstituted-1, 1',3,3' -tetraalkyl distannoxane) and a curing agent (diethylenetriamine) into the polymer monomer solution, wherein the catalyst accounts for 1 wt% of the polymer monomer solution, and the curing agent accounts for 5 wt% of the polymer monomer solution, and reacting and polymerizing to obtain the catalyst. The polymer monomer adopts self-crosslinking silane. The self-crosslinking silane is 3-aminopropyl methyl diethoxy silane.
Before the porcelain piece forming the glazed layer is put into the polymer monomer solution for reaction, the porcelain piece forming the glazed layer is firstly put into a KH550 silane coupling agent for dipping treatment for 30 min.
The hydrophobic material is TiO with a nano structure2The film specifically adopts the following method: tetrabutyl titanate is used as a raw material, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, and the molar ratio of the tetrabutyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 22, forming a mixed solution, adding glacial acetic acid accounting for 10 wt% of the mixed solution, coating the mixture on the surface of the porcelain piece, and reacting to prepare the hydrophobic layer.
Comparative example 2 (without buffer layer)
The utility model provides a self-cleaning type high strength porcelain insulator, includes the porcelain spare, and the porcelain spare includes the ceramic base member, and ceramic base member surface is provided with glaze layer and hydrophobic layer according to the preface.
A self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator is prepared through glazing on the surface of porcelain, calcining to form a glazed layer, and coating hydrophobic material on said glazed layer.
The hydrophobic material is TiO with a nano structure2Specifically, the following method is adopted for the film: tetrabutyl titanate is used as a raw material, absolute ethyl alcohol is used as a solvent, and the molar ratio of the tetrabutyl titanate to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: and 22, adding glacial acetic acid accounting for 10 wt% of the mixed solution, coating the mixture on the surface of the porcelain piece, and reacting to prepare the hydrophobic layer.
The following performance tests were performed on the above examples and comparative examples and the results are shown in the following table:
experiment 1: repeatedly freezing and thawing the sample for 30 times at-50-40 ℃ and testing the impact strength;
experiment 2: lightning protection full wave impulse flashover test: and (3) simulating lightning stroke by adopting an impulse voltage generator, and testing the lightning protection full-wave impulse flashover voltage value, namely breakdown voltage, of the test sample.
Experiment 3: after the sample is subjected to 100h of corona aging test, a contact angle tester is adopted to measure hydrophobic contact angles of the sample, and the conditions of the corona aging test are as follows: the samples were subjected to a corona aging test at 3.5kv for 100 hours;
from the above table, it can be seen that the samples of the examples have better performance than the comparative examples, mainly for the following reasons: the analysis of the comparative example 1 shows that in the embodiment, the surface breakdown voltage of the insulator can be obviously improved by forming the fluoride layer on the surface of the buffer layer, the insulating property is greatly improved, and the property damage to the insulator is reduced; the analysis of the comparative example 2 shows that the buffer layers are added into the hydrophobic layer and the glazed layer in the embodiment, so that different expansion coefficients of the glazed layer and the hydrophobic layer can be buffered and absorbed, the possibility of falling is reduced, and the performance of the insulator is improved. In addition, examples employ nanostructured TiO2Film, TiO2Holes and electrons generated by illumination and H adsorbed on the surface2O and O2Form free radical and superoxide with strong activityActive oxygen such as ions has strong oxidative decomposition capability, can destroy C-C bonds, C-H bonds and N-H bonds in organic matters, has high-efficiency contact angle, and simultaneously, TiO is coated under the illumination condition2The phenomenon that the contact angle of surface water rapidly decreases from tens of degrees to near 0 degrees and finally becomes completely wet, i.e., hydrophilicity, is a phenomenon that TiO becomes completely wet without irradiation of sunlight2Exhibiting hydrophobicity. By using TiO2The dual-performance of the insulator is hydrophobic in rainy days, a high-voltage series-connected discharge model formed on the surface of the insulator is reduced, pollution flashover cannot be caused, hydrophilicity is shown in the illumination condition, the insulator cleaning work is carried out in a sunny day, at the moment, pollutants on the surface are easily removed, organic matters are decomposed due to the catalytic action of light, the cleaning is easier, and the self-cleaning performance is improved. TiO 22Is an n-type semiconductor coated with TiO2The insulator with the components has the function of heating current when a small amount of leakage current exists on the surface of the insulator in rainy days, and the drying process of the surface is accelerated.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a self-cleaning type high strength porcelain insulator which characterized in that, includes the porcelain spare, and the porcelain spare includes the ceramic base member, and ceramic base member surface is provided with glaze layer, buffer layer and hydrophobic layer in proper order.
2. The self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator according to claim 1, wherein the buffer layer is a polymer elastomer layer.
3. A preparation method of a self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator is characterized in that glazing is applied to the surface of a porcelain piece and is sintered to form a glaze layer, then the porcelain piece with the glaze layer is placed into a polymer monomer solution to react to form a buffer layer, and finally a hydrophobic material is coated on the buffer layer to form a hydrophobic layer.
4. The method for preparing a self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator according to claim 3, wherein the buffer layer is subjected to a fluorination reaction in a gaseous fluorination reagent to form a fluorinated layer before the hydrophobic material is coated.
5. The method for preparing the self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator according to claim 4, wherein the gas fluorinating agent is a gas mixture of fluorine-containing gas and inert gas.
6. The method for preparing the self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator according to claim 4, wherein the fluorine-containing gas accounts for 1-10% of the volume of the gas mixture.
7. The method for preparing a self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator according to claim 4, wherein the fluorine-containing gas is fluorine gas, xenon difluoride gas, chlorine trifluoride or bromine trifluoride gas.
8. The method for preparing a self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator according to claim 3, wherein the porcelain piece forming the glazed layer is dipped in a silane coupling agent before the porcelain piece forming the glazed layer is put into the polymer monomer solution for reaction.
9. The method for preparing the self-cleaning high-strength porcelain insulator according to claim 3, wherein the hydrophobic material is TiO with a nano structure2A film.
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