CN114608857B - Testing system and method for main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefying land-based and offshore natural gas - Google Patents
Testing system and method for main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefying land-based and offshore natural gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN114608857B CN114608857B CN202210289943.5A CN202210289943A CN114608857B CN 114608857 B CN114608857 B CN 114608857B CN 202210289943 A CN202210289943 A CN 202210289943A CN 114608857 B CN114608857 B CN 114608857B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 71
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/008—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by doing functionality tests
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/005—Testing of complete machines, e.g. washing-machines or mobile phones
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a testing system and a testing method of a main low-temperature heat exchanger for liquefying land-based and marine natural gas; comprising the following steps: the two ends of the first test pipeline are respectively provided with a first valve and a second valve; the two ends of the second test pipeline are respectively provided with a third valve and a fourth valve; the temperature of the test material provided by the second test pipeline is lower than that of the test material provided by the first test pipeline; the two ends of the second test pipeline are respectively connected in parallel to obtain an integral test pipeline; sensors for collecting test data are arranged at two ends of the test loop; according to the invention, through the first test pipeline and the second test pipeline which are mutually connected in parallel, and through controlling the valves on the two loops, the switching between the first test pipeline and the second test pipeline is realized, and the test subsystem which really aims at different types of main low-temperature heat exchangers in different temperature areas can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of testing of main low-temperature heat exchangers, and particularly relates to a testing system and method of a main low-temperature heat exchanger for liquefying land-based and marine natural gas.
Background
Liquefied natural gas (Liquefied Natural Gas, LNG) is an efficient transportation means for natural gas, becoming a dominant form of international natural gas trade; the natural gas can enter a main low-temperature heat exchanger for liquefaction after being pretreated in a land-based natural gas liquefaction process; in addition, liquefied natural gas floating production storage and offloading (LNG-FPSO) can develop natural gas in deep sea and marginal gas fields and directly perform pretreatment and liquefaction. The main low-temperature heat exchanger of the land-based and offshore natural gas liquefaction process mainly comprises three types of plate-fin heat exchangers, coiled tube heat exchangers and printed circuit board heat exchangers, and is applied to different pre-cooling, supercooling and deep cooling temperature areas in the natural gas liquefaction process. The cold and hot channels of different heat exchangers have different structural forms, and the difference between the flow and the heat exchange characteristics is large; when the same type of heat exchanger is applied to different temperature areas, fluid in a cold-hot channel has three phase states of pure liquid phase, pure gas phase and gas-liquid phase, and the heat exchange between the different phase states causes extremely complex flow heat exchange evolution rule of the whole heat exchanger; in addition, the main cryogenic heat exchanger in the offshore natural gas liquefaction process can be affected by sea condition shaking, so that the flow heat exchange performance is deteriorated.
The inventors found that at present, no test system exists for different types of heat exchangers in different temperature zones in land-based and offshore natural gas liquefaction processes.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a testing system and a testing method for a main low-temperature heat exchanger for liquefying land-based and marine natural gas.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a testing system for a main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefying natural gas on land and in sea, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a testing system for a main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefaction of land-based and marine natural gas comprising:
the two ends of the first test pipeline are respectively provided with a first valve and a second valve;
the two ends of the second test pipeline are respectively provided with a third valve and a fourth valve; the temperature of the test material provided by the second test pipeline is lower than that of the test material provided by the first test pipeline;
the two ends of the second test pipeline are respectively connected in parallel to obtain an integral test pipeline; one end of the integral test pipeline is used for connecting an inlet of the main cryogenic heat exchanger to be tested, and the other end of the integral test pipeline is used for connecting an outlet of the main cryogenic heat exchanger to be tested; and the two ends of the test loop are provided with sensors for collecting data for test.
Further, the main cryogenic heat exchanger to be tested is mounted on an experimental platform; the experimental platform bottom is installed and is used for driving the experimental platform is translational motion's first motor, experimental platform lateral part is installed and is used for driving experimental platform is tilting motion's second motor.
Further, the first test tube is sequentially communicated with a first condenser, a pentane storage tank and a first heat exchanger in the direction from the first valve to the second valve.
Further, the first condenser is connected with a first cold water circulation system, and the first cold water circulation system comprises a first water bath, a first centrifugal pump and a first normal temperature valve which are sequentially connected and used for providing cold water; the outlet end of the first normal temperature valve and the inlet end of the first water bath are also connected with a second normal temperature valve for adjusting flow through a pipeline.
Further, a third normal temperature valve for adjusting the flow of pentane is connected between the outlet and the inlet of the pentane storage tank.
Further, the first heat exchanger is connected with a hot water circulation system, and the hot water circulation system comprises a second water bath, a third centrifugal pump and a fourth normal temperature valve which are sequentially connected and used for providing hot water; and the outlet end of the fourth normal temperature valve and the inlet end of the second water bath are also connected with a fifth normal temperature valve for adjusting flow through a pipeline.
Further, the second test pipeline is sequentially communicated with a gasifier, a working medium filling port, a fan, a second heat exchanger, a second condenser and a third condenser in the direction from the third valve to the fourth valve; and two ends of the fan are connected with a fan bypass low-temperature valve through pipelines.
Further, the second heat exchanger is connected with a second cold water circulation system, and the second cold water circulation system comprises a third water bath, a fourth centrifugal pump and a sixth normal temperature valve which are sequentially connected and used for providing cold water; and the outlet end of the sixth normal temperature valve and the inlet end of the third water bath are also connected with a seventh normal temperature valve for adjusting flow through a pipeline.
Further, the second condenser and the third condenser are connected with a liquid nitrogen storage tank through pipelines;
further, the sensor includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.
In order to achieve the above purpose, in a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for testing a main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefying natural gas on land and in sea, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for testing the main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefying land-based and offshore natural gas, which adopts the testing system for the main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefying land-based and offshore natural gas according to the first aspect, comprises the following steps:
the main low-temperature heat exchanger of the type to be tested is installed on an experimental platform and is communicated with an integral test pipeline;
when the flow and heat exchange characteristics test is carried out at normal temperature, the third valve and the fourth valve are closed, the first valve and the second valve are opened, the pentane flow is regulated to a preset value, the hot water flow in the hot water circulation system is regulated to a preset value, and the pentane temperature is controlled to a preset value; adjusting the flow of cooling water in the first cold water circulation system to a preset value;
when the flow and heat exchange characteristics are tested at low temperature, the third valve and the fourth valve are opened, the second valve of the first valve is closed, the flow of working medium is regulated to a preset value, and the flow of cooling water in the second cold water circulation system is regulated to the preset value; controlling the flow of liquid nitrogen to control the temperature of working medium;
the simulation under static and different sea sloshing working conditions is realized by controlling the first motor and the second motor;
when the flow heat exchange characteristics of the main low-temperature heat exchangers in different temperature areas under the static and offshore sloshing working conditions are tested, the inlet and outlet pressures of the fluid are measured through pressure sensors, so that the pressure drop of the fluid passing through the main low-temperature heat exchangers is obtained to reflect the flow characteristics; the temperature sensor is used for measuring the inlet and outlet temperature of the fluid, the temperature sensor in the heat exchange solid surface is used for measuring the temperature of the heat exchange surface, and the overall heat exchange coefficient of the fluid flowing through the main low-temperature heat exchanger is calculated by combining the power of the heating plate or the heating rod set by the control cabinet so as to reflect the heat exchange characteristic.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, through the first test pipeline and the second test pipeline which are mutually connected in parallel, and by controlling the valves on the two loops, the switching between the first test pipeline and the second test pipeline is realized, and the test subsystem which really aims at different types of main low-temperature heat exchangers in different temperature areas can be obtained;
2. according to the invention, through the test piece mounting table capable of translating and overturning, simulation of different marine sloshing working conditions can be realized, and the real working environment of the main low-temperature heat exchanger is reproduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate and explain the embodiments and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the experimental platform structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
wherein 1, an experiment platform, 11, a mounting table top, 12, a turning plate, 13, a second motor, 14, a translation sliding rail, 15, a first motor, 16, a base, 2, a first condenser, 3, a third condenser, 4, a second condenser, 5, a gasifier, 6, a fan, 7, a pentane storage tank, 8, a first heat exchanger, 9, a second heat exchanger, 10, a liquid nitrogen storage tank, 11, a second water bath, 12, a first water bath, 14, a third water bath, 15, a second centrifugal pump, 16, a first centrifugal pump, 17 and a third centrifugal pump, 18, a fourth centrifugal pump, 19, a third valve, 20, a fan bypass low-temperature valve, 21, a fourth valve, 22, a liquid nitrogen storage tank outlet low-temperature valve, 23, a first valve, 24, a second normal temperature valve, 25, a first normal temperature valve, 26, an eighth normal temperature valve, 27, a second valve, 28, a third normal temperature valve, 29, a ninth normal temperature valve, 30, a fifth normal temperature valve, 31, a fourth normal temperature valve, 32, a seventh normal temperature valve, 33, a sixth normal temperature valve, 34, a filling port control valve, 35 and a working medium filling port.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a testing system of a main low-temperature heat exchanger for liquefying land-based and offshore natural gas, belongs to a testing platform or a testing system of flow and heat exchange characteristics of the main low-temperature heat exchanger in a land-based and offshore natural gas liquefying process, and can be used for testing flow heat exchange characteristics of a plate-fin heat exchanger, a coiled tube heat exchanger and a printed circuit board heat exchanger applied to different temperature areas of the land-based and offshore natural gas liquefying process.
As shown in FIG. 1, the test system of the main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefying land-based and marine natural gas comprises an experiment platform 1 and an integral test pipeline, wherein the experiment platform 1 can replace different types of heat exchanger experiment pieces and can simulate the land static and marine sloshing working conditions; the whole test pipeline, namely the fluid control system, can be switched to use pipelines applicable to different temperatures.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the dimension of the experimental platform 1 may be set as follows: length x height x width = 1361mm x 250mm x 350mm; the experimental platform 1 is provided with a first motor 15 and a second motor 13, the first motor 15 is a translation motor, the second motor 13 is a turnover motor, the translation and turnover movement of the experimental platform 1 can be realized, and the distance, the acceleration and the speed of the translation and turnover movement can be accurately adjusted by installing control software on a computer so as to simulate a land static working condition and a sloshing working condition of different sloshing forms, sloshing amplitude and sloshing period at sea; the installation table top 11 of the experiment platform 1 is used for installing an experiment piece, and standard threaded holes are drilled in the installation table top 11 and are used for installing and fixing main low-temperature heat exchangers of different types of heat exchangers;
in the embodiment, a sleeve can be fixed at the bottom of the experiment platform 1 and is connected with a screw rod through threads, one end of the screw rod is fixed with an output shaft of a translation motor, and translation of the experiment platform 1 is realized through the screw rod; the installation table top is fixed on the turning plate 2, two ends of the turning plate can be rotatably connected to the experiment platform 1 body through the arrangement of the connecting shaft and the bearing, the two ends of the connecting shaft can be respectively fixed on the turning plate 2 and the output shaft of the turning motor, the turning of the turning plate 2 under the drive of the turning motor is realized, and it can be understood that the outer ring of the bearing can be fixed on the experiment platform 1, and the inner ring can be fixed on the connecting shaft; in other embodiments, other setting modes of the translation motor and the overturning motor can be adopted, and the translation and overturning of the experiment platform 1 can be realized.
In the embodiment, the experimental part is designed and processed according to the structural forms of different types of heat exchangers, and the inlet and the outlet of the experimental part are the same standard quick connectors so as to be connected with the fluid control system through a high-pressure air pipe; the heat exchange surface of the experimental part is heated by a heating rod or a heating plate and is provided with a control cabinet with adjustable work so as to adjust the heat exchange amount in the experimental part; the inlet and outlet of the experimental part are provided with pressure guiding holes connected with a differential pressure gauge so as to measure the pressure drop in the experimental part through experiments; the test piece was sufficiently insulated to control heat loss.
In this embodiment, the fluid control system includes a first test pipeline and a second test pipeline, where the first test pipeline is a normal temperature test pipeline, and the second test pipeline is a low temperature test pipeline; specifically, the method can comprise low-temperature experiment refrigerant circulation, liquid nitrogen refrigeration flow path, normal-temperature experiment refrigerant circulation, hot water circulation and cold water circulation.
In the embodiment, working medium in normal temperature experiment refrigerant circulation is pentane, and the circulation comprises a first condenser 2, a pentane storage tank 7, a variable frequency centrifugal pump, a first heat exchanger 8, a flow sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a normal temperature valve; the pentane in the pentane storage tank 7 is heated through the first heat exchanger 8 after being pressurized by the second centrifugal pump 15, reaches a set inlet temperature, then reaches a fluid control system outlet, enters an experimental part through a connecting pipeline with the experimental part inlet, flows out through the experimental part outlet after heat exchange, reaches the fluid control system inlet, then enters the first condenser 2 for cooling and condensation, and finally returns to the pentane storage tank 7 to realize circulation; the fluid control system and the inlet and the outlet of the experimental part can be designed into quick connectors and are connected through a high-pressure air pipe so as to realize quick connection and disassembly and ensure tightness; the first heat exchanger 8 may be a plate heat exchanger and the second centrifugal pump 15 may be a variable frequency centrifugal pump.
In the embodiment, working media in the low-temperature experiment refrigerant circulation comprise argon, R11 (fluorotrichloromethane) and the like, and the circulation comprises a fan 6, a second heat exchanger 9, a two-stage condenser, a gasifier 5, a flow sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a low-temperature valve; after being filled into the system through a working medium filling port 35, the working medium is pressurized through the fan 6, enters the second heat exchanger 9 for heat exchange, reduces the outlet temperature, and then respectively exchanges heat with liquid nitrogen through a two-stage condenser to realize precooling and supercooling (argon is not liquefied), then returns to the fluid control system through an experimental part, and finally returns to the inlet of the fan 6 after being completely gasified through the gasifier 5 to realize circulation; the second heat exchanger 9 may be provided as a plate heat exchanger, and the two-stage condenser comprises a third condenser 3 and a second condenser 4.
In the embodiment, the cold and hot water circulation comprises a constant temperature water bath, a centrifugal pump, a plate heat exchanger (or condenser), a flow sensor, a temperature sensor and a normal temperature valve; the constant temperature water in the water bath enters a plate heat exchanger (or a condenser) for heat exchange after being pressurized by a centrifugal pump, and then returns to the constant temperature water bath to realize circulation.
The first condenser 2 is connected with a first cold water circulation system, and the first cold water circulation system comprises a first water bath 12, a first centrifugal pump 16 and a first normal temperature valve 25 which are sequentially connected and used for providing cold water; the outlet end of the first normal temperature valve 25 and the inlet end of the first water bath 12 are also connected with a second normal temperature valve 24 for adjusting flow through pipelines. A third normal temperature valve 28 for adjusting the flow of pentane is connected between the outlet and the inlet of the pentane storage tank 7; the first heat exchanger 8 is connected with a hot water circulation system, and the hot water circulation system comprises a second water bath 11, a third centrifugal pump 17 and a fourth normal temperature valve 31 which are sequentially connected and used for providing hot water; the outlet end of the fourth normal temperature valve 31 and the inlet end of the second water bath 11 are also connected with a fifth normal temperature valve 30 for adjusting flow through pipelines.
The second heat exchanger 9 is connected with a second cold water circulation system, and the second cold water circulation system comprises a third water bath 14, a fourth centrifugal pump 18 and a sixth normal temperature valve 33 which are sequentially connected and used for providing cold water; the outlet end of the sixth normal temperature valve 33 and the inlet end of the third water bath 14 are also connected with a seventh normal temperature valve 32 for adjusting flow through pipelines.
In this embodiment, the liquid nitrogen refrigerating flow path includes a liquid nitrogen storage tank 10, a two-stage condenser, a flow sensor, and a temperature sensor; the liquid nitrogen passes through the liquid nitrogen storage tank 10, the refrigerant circulation working medium of the low-temperature experiment is deeply cooled by the third condenser 3, the liquid nitrogen with the temperature increased passes through the pre-cooling working medium of the second-stage condenser 4, and then the liquid nitrogen is discharged into the atmosphere; the liquid nitrogen tank 10 may be a self-pressurizing liquid nitrogen tank.
The second condenser 3 and the third condenser 4 are connected with a liquid nitrogen storage tank through pipelines.
The structures and working principles of the heat exchanger, the condenser, the valve, the liquid nitrogen storage tank, the gasifier, the water bath and other components in this embodiment may be implemented by conventional arrangements or existing devices, and will not be described in detail herein.
The working principle or process of the embodiment is as follows:
when the flow and heat exchange characteristics of a main low-temperature heat exchanger of a certain type are tested at normal temperature aiming at the land or sea working conditions, the third valve 19 and the fourth valve 21 are closed, the first valve 23 and the second valve 27 are opened to close a low-temperature loop, the normal-temperature loop is opened, the low-temperature loop is a second test pipeline, and the normal-temperature loop is opened to be a first test pipeline; the pentane in the pentane storage tank 7 at 20 ℃ can be pressurized to 0.4MPa by the second centrifugal pump 15, and the pentane flow rate can be adjusted to 100-560kg/h by adjusting the opening of the third normal temperature valve 28; then pentane exchanges heat with hot water at the first heat exchanger 8, hot water at 45 ℃ in the second water bath 11 can be pressurized to the first heat exchanger 8 through the third centrifugal pump 17, and the flow rate of the hot water can be adjusted to 10-60kg/h by adjusting the opening of the fifth normal temperature valve 30 so as to control the temperature of the pentane to be 26-36 ℃ or the dryness of the pentane reaching the saturation temperature to be 0-1; the pentane exchanges heat with the surface of the heat exchange after being subjected to the experiment, and the power of a heating rod or a heating plate is adjusted to enable the heat exchange quantity to be in the range of 0-1kW; then pentane enters the first condenser 2 to be cooled to 20 ℃ and returns to the pentane storage tank 7; the cooling water in the first water bath 12 at 15 ℃ can be pressurized to the first condenser 2 through the first centrifugal pump 16, and the flow rate of the cooling water can be adjusted to 20-100kg/h by adjusting the opening of the second normal temperature valve 24.
When the flow and heat exchange characteristics of a main cryogenic heat exchanger of a certain type are tested at low temperature for a land or sea working condition, the third valve 19 and the fourth valve 21 are opened, the first valve 23 and the second valve 27 are closed to open a cryogenic loop and close a normal temperature loop. The working medium mixed by R11, argon and the like according to a certain proportion is injected into a pipeline through a working medium injection port 35, the pressure is increased to 0.4MPa through a fan 6, and the flow rate of the working medium is regulated to be 50-200kg/h through regulating the opening degree of a fan bypass low-temperature valve 20; then the working medium enters a second heat exchanger 9 to be cooled to 10 ℃; the cooling water at 3 ℃ in the third water bath 13 is pressurized to the second heat exchanger 9 by the fourth centrifugal pump 18, and the flow rate of the cooling water can be regulated to be 0-60kg/h by regulating the opening of the seventh normal temperature valve 32; then the working medium enters the second condenser 4 to be cooled to minus 30 ℃, then enters the third condenser 3 to be cooled to minus 50 ℃, and the liquid nitrogen flow can be controlled by the opening of the low temperature valve 22 at the outlet of the liquid nitrogen storage tank so as to control the temperature of the working medium; and the working medium enters the experimental part for heat exchange, then enters the gasifier 5, and returns to the inlet of the fan 6 after all gasifying reaches normal temperature.
As shown in fig. 2, when testing different types of main cryogenic heat exchangers, corresponding experimental pieces are installed on the installation table top 11 of the experimental platform 1 and are fixed through bolts; when the land static working condition test is carried out, the experiment platform 1 is kept horizontal and static; when the marine sloshing working condition test is carried out, the overturning motor and the translation motor are controlled by computer software to control the experimental part platform, the translation range can be 0-300mm, the translation speed can be 0-0.5m/s, the overturning angle range can be 0-20 degrees and the overturning speed can be 0-10 degrees/s.
When the flow heat exchange characteristics of the main low-temperature heat exchangers in different temperature areas under the static and offshore sloshing working conditions are tested, the inlet and outlet pressures of the fluid are measured through pressure sensors, so that the pressure drop of the fluid passing through the main low-temperature heat exchangers is obtained to reflect the flow characteristics; measuring the inlet and outlet temperatures of the fluid through a temperature sensor, measuring the temperature of a heat exchange surface through the temperature sensor in the heat exchange solid surface of the main low-temperature heat exchanger, and calculating the global heat exchange coefficient of the fluid flowing through the main low-temperature heat exchanger by combining the set power of the heating plate or the heating rod so as to reflect the heat exchange characteristic; the calculation formula of the global heat exchange coefficient is as follows:
wherein h is a global heat exchange coefficient, W/m < 2 >; q is heat flow density of the heat exchange surface, W/m2; t (T) w The temperature is the temperature of the heat exchange surface and is at the temperature of DEG C; t (T) in Inlet fluid temperature for the experimental part, DEG C; t (T) out Is the temperature of the outlet fluid of the experimental part, and is in DEG C.
Example 2:
the present embodiment provides a method for testing a main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefying natural gas on land and in sea, which adopts the testing system for the main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefying natural gas on land and in sea according to the first aspect, comprising:
the main low-temperature heat exchanger of the type to be tested is installed on an experimental platform and is communicated with an integral test pipeline;
when the flow and heat exchange characteristics test is carried out at normal temperature, the third valve and the fourth valve are closed, the first valve and the second valve are opened, the pentane flow is regulated to a preset value, the hot water flow in the hot water circulation system is regulated to a preset value, and the pentane temperature is controlled to a preset value; adjusting the flow of cooling water in the first cold water circulation system to a preset value;
when the flow and heat exchange characteristics are tested at low temperature, the third valve and the fourth valve are opened, the second valve of the first valve is closed, the flow of working medium is regulated to a preset value, and the flow of cooling water in the second cold water circulation system is regulated to the preset value; controlling the flow of liquid nitrogen to control the temperature of working medium;
the simulation under static and different sea sloshing working conditions is realized by controlling the first motor and the second motor;
when the flow heat exchange characteristics of the main low-temperature heat exchangers in different temperature areas under the static and offshore sloshing working conditions are tested, the inlet and outlet pressures of the fluid are measured through pressure sensors, so that the pressure drop of the fluid passing through the main low-temperature heat exchangers is obtained to reflect the flow characteristics; the temperature sensor is used for measuring the inlet and outlet temperatures of the fluid, and the overall heat exchange coefficient of the fluid flowing through the main low-temperature heat exchanger is calculated by combining the heat exchange surface temperature of the main low-temperature heat exchanger and the power of the heating plate or the heating rod so as to reflect the heat exchange characteristic.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, and is not intended to limit the present embodiment, and various modifications and variations can be made to the present embodiment by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present embodiment should be included in the protection scope of the present embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. The test system of the main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefying land-based and marine natural gas is characterized by comprising the following components:
the two ends of the first test pipeline are respectively provided with a first valve and a second valve;
the two ends of the second test pipeline are respectively provided with a third valve and a fourth valve; the temperature of the test material provided by the second test pipeline is lower than that of the test material provided by the first test pipeline;
the two ends of the second test pipeline are respectively connected in parallel to obtain an integral test pipeline; one end of the integral test pipeline is used for connecting an inlet of the main cryogenic heat exchanger to be tested, and the other end of the integral test pipeline is used for connecting an outlet of the main cryogenic heat exchanger to be tested; the two ends of the test loop are provided with sensors for collecting test data;
when the flow heat exchange characteristics of the main low-temperature heat exchangers in different temperature areas under the static and offshore sloshing working conditions are tested, the inlet and outlet pressures of the fluid are measured through pressure sensors, so that the pressure drop of the fluid passing through the main low-temperature heat exchangers is obtained to reflect the flow characteristics; measuring the inlet and outlet temperatures of the fluid through a temperature sensor, measuring the temperature of a heat exchange surface through the temperature sensor in the heat exchange solid surface of the main low-temperature heat exchanger, and calculating the global heat exchange coefficient of the fluid flowing through the main low-temperature heat exchanger by combining the set power of the heating plate or the heating rod so as to reflect the heat exchange characteristic; the calculation formula of the global heat exchange coefficient is as follows:
wherein,,the heat exchange coefficient is the global heat exchange coefficient, W/m < 2 >; />The heat flow density of the heat exchange surface is W/m2; />The temperature is the temperature of the heat exchange surface and is at the temperature of DEG C; />Inlet fluid temperature for the experimental part, DEG C; />Is the temperature of the outlet fluid of the experimental part, and is in DEG C.
2. The testing system of a main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefaction of land-based and marine natural gas according to claim 1, wherein the main cryogenic heat exchanger to be tested is mounted on an experimental platform; the experimental platform bottom is installed and is used for driving the experimental platform is translational motion's first motor, experimental platform lateral part is installed and is used for driving experimental platform is tilting motion's second motor.
3. The system for testing the main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefying natural gas on land and sea according to claim 1, wherein the first test pipeline is sequentially communicated with a first condenser, a pentane storage tank and a first heat exchanger in the direction from the first valve to the second valve.
4. A testing system of a main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefaction of land-based and marine natural gas as defined in claim 3, wherein the first condenser is connected to a first cold water circulation system comprising a first water bath, a first centrifugal pump and a first normal temperature valve for providing cold water, which are connected in sequence; the outlet end of the first normal temperature valve and the inlet end of the first water bath are also connected with a second normal temperature valve for adjusting flow through a pipeline.
5. A testing system of a main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefying natural gas on land and sea according to claim 3, wherein a third normal temperature valve for adjusting the flow rate of pentane is connected between the outlet and the inlet of the pentane storage tank.
6. A testing system of a main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefaction of land-based and marine natural gas as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first heat exchanger is connected to a hot water circulation system comprising a second water bath, a third centrifugal pump and a fourth normal temperature valve for providing hot water, which are connected in sequence; and the outlet end of the fourth normal temperature valve and the inlet end of the second water bath are also connected with a fifth normal temperature valve for adjusting flow through a pipeline.
7. The test system of the main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefying land-based and marine natural gas according to claim 1, wherein the second test pipeline is sequentially communicated with a gasifier, a working medium filling port, a fan, a second heat exchanger, a second condenser and a third condenser in the direction from the third valve to the fourth valve; and two ends of the fan are connected with a fan bypass low-temperature valve through pipelines.
8. The testing system of the main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefaction of land-based and marine natural gas according to claim 7, wherein the second heat exchanger is connected with a second cold water circulation system comprising a third water bath, a fourth centrifugal pump and a sixth normal temperature valve for providing cold water, which are sequentially connected; and the outlet end of the sixth normal temperature valve and the inlet end of the third water bath are also connected with a seventh normal temperature valve for adjusting flow through a pipeline.
9. The testing system of the main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefaction of land-based and marine natural gas according to claim 7, wherein the second condenser and the third condenser are connected with a liquid nitrogen storage tank through pipelines;
alternatively, the sensor includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.
10. A method for testing a main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefying natural gas on land and sea, characterized in that a system for testing a main cryogenic heat exchanger for liquefying natural gas on land and sea according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, comprising:
the main low-temperature heat exchanger of the type to be tested is installed on an experimental platform and is communicated with an integral test pipeline;
when the flow and heat exchange characteristics test is carried out at normal temperature, the third valve and the fourth valve are closed, the first valve and the second valve are opened, the pentane flow is regulated to a preset value, the hot water flow in the hot water circulation system is regulated to a preset value, and the pentane temperature is controlled to a preset value; adjusting the flow of cooling water in the first cold water circulation system to a preset value;
when the flow and heat exchange characteristics are tested at low temperature, the third valve and the fourth valve are opened, the second valve of the first valve is closed, the flow of working medium is regulated to a preset value, and the flow of cooling water in the second cold water circulation system is regulated to the preset value; controlling the flow of liquid nitrogen to control the temperature of working medium;
the simulation under static and different sea sloshing working conditions is realized by controlling the first motor and the second motor;
when the flow heat exchange characteristics of the main low-temperature heat exchangers in different temperature areas under the static and offshore sloshing working conditions are tested, the inlet and outlet pressures of the fluid are measured through pressure sensors, so that the pressure drop of the fluid passing through the main low-temperature heat exchangers is obtained to reflect the flow characteristics; the temperature sensor is used for measuring the inlet and outlet temperature of the fluid, the temperature sensor in the heat exchange solid surface is used for measuring the temperature of the heat exchange surface, and the overall heat exchange coefficient of the fluid flowing through the main low-temperature heat exchanger is calculated by combining the power of the heating plate or the heating rod set by the control cabinet so as to reflect the heat exchange characteristic.
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