Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a model device applied to aeroengine spray combustion research so as to solve the problems. For this purpose, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a modeling apparatus for use in aero-engine spray combustion studies may include:
the air inlet adjusting section is internally provided with a honeycomb type rectifying plate;
the arc-shaped flow guide channel is arranged in the air inlet adjusting section, is positioned at the downstream of the honeycomb rectifying plate and forms an annular cavity serving as an air inlet channel with the air inlet adjusting section;
the cyclone is interchangeably arranged on the end face of the arc-shaped diversion channel, and the ends of the cyclone blades of the cyclone are in venturi transition between the ends and the outlets;
the fuel nozzle is arranged at the center of the end face of the arc-shaped diversion channel and is concentric with the cyclone; and
the inlet of the visual combustion chamber is connected with the air inlet channel;
the incoming air enters the annular cavity and forms a rotational flow through the swirler, so that fuel atomization sprayed by the fuel nozzle is promoted, the venturi tube is used for promoting spray breaking, and the spray is combusted in the visual combustion chamber.
Further, the air inlet adjusting section comprises an upstream air inlet diffusion section, a middle air inlet straight pipe section and a downstream air inlet straight pipe section which are connected together in a sealing mode, the upper honeycomb rectifying plate and the lower honeycomb rectifying plate are respectively installed between the upstream air inlet diffusion section and the middle air inlet straight pipe section and between the middle air inlet straight pipe section and the downstream air inlet straight pipe section, and the arc-shaped flow guide channel is coaxially installed in the downstream air inlet straight pipe section.
Further, the upstream air inlet diffusion section, the middle air inlet straight pipe section and the downstream air inlet straight pipe section are connected with each other through flanges.
Further, an adapter ring is fixedly installed on the visual combustion chamber, and the downstream air inlet straight pipe section is movably and hermetically installed in the adapter ring and the visual combustion chamber.
Further, a replaceable head is mounted at the end of the downstream straight air inlet pipe section, and the cyclone is fixedly mounted on the arc-shaped diversion channel and the replaceable head.
Further, a plurality of screw holes are circumferentially distributed at the lower end of the replaceable head part and are used for installing a cylindrical glass cover or a circular ring.
Further, the downstream intake straight pipe section is engaged with the replaceable head portion by a stepped structure.
Further, the arc-shaped flow guide channel comprises an upstream section and a downstream section, wherein two ends of the upstream section are respectively connected with the downstream section and a scroll flange, two ends of the downstream section are respectively connected with the cyclone and the upstream section, the scroll flange is arranged in the downstream air inlet straight pipe section and is positioned below the honeycomb rectifying plate.
Further, quartz glass windows are arranged around the visual combustion chamber.
Further, the cyclone can be replaced according to experimental requirements to change geometric parameters, and preferably, the cyclone is a two-stage cyclone.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The cyclone and the venturi tube are replaceable, so that spraying and combustion experiments under different cyclone numbers can be conveniently carried out, and the influence of different venturi tube geometric parameters on spraying and combustion can be explored;
2) The air inlet adjusting section can move relative to the visual combustion chamber, so that spray is ensured to be formed in the middle of an optical visual window and in the optimal visual field range of an experimental instrument, and the experimental requirement is met.
3) Through the visual combustion chamber, the spray form, spray particle size, spray flow field, spray combustion flow field and other parameters can be measured by utilizing high-speed camera, PIV, PDPA and other experimental technologies, and the mechanism of fuel atomization and combustion is deeply explored;
4) The model device has strong structural universality, is convenient for structural improvement and component replacement, and can adapt to different experimental requirements.
Drawings
For further illustration of the various embodiments, the invention is provided with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments. With reference to these matters, one of ordinary skill in the art will understand other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention. The components in the figures are not drawn to scale and like reference numerals are generally used to designate like components.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a modeling apparatus of the present invention for use in an aircraft engine spray combustion study;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the modeling apparatus shown in FIG. 1 as applied to an aircraft engine spray combustion study;
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the intake tuning section of the modeling apparatus shown in FIG. 1 as applied to an aircraft engine spray combustion study;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the adapter ring of the modeling apparatus shown in FIG. 1 as applied to an aircraft engine spray combustion study;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the arcuate flow channels of the model apparatus shown in FIG. 1 as applied to aero-engine spray combustion studies;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the banner flange of the modeling apparatus of FIG. 1 applied to an aircraft engine spray combustion study;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the replaceable head portion of the model apparatus shown in FIG. 1 as applied to an aircraft engine spray combustion study;
FIG. 8 is another perspective view of the replaceable head portion of the model device of FIG. 1 as applied to an aircraft engine spray combustion study;
fig. 9 is a perspective view of the swirler of the model device of fig. 1 applied to an aero-engine spray combustion study.
In the figure, 1, an air inlet adjusting section; 11. an upstream inlet diffuser; 12. a middle air inlet straight pipe section; 121. a straight hole; 122. partition wall constant diameter two-way joint; 13. a downstream intake straight section; 131. a seal ring mounting groove; 132. a height adjusting bolt; 133. an O-ring seal; 2. an arc-shaped diversion channel; 21. an upstream section; 211. the second fixing screw hole; 22. a downstream section; 221. a circular groove; 3. a visual combustion chamber; 31. a window; 32. a mounting hole; 4. a cyclone; 41. a venturi; 42. a primary blade; 43. a secondary blade; 5. a fuel nozzle; 61. a honeycomb rectifying plate is arranged on the upper part; 62. a lower honeycomb rectifying plate; 7. an adapter ring; 8. a banner flange; 81. a central tube; 811. a first fixing screw hole; 9. a replaceable head; 91. a circular groove; 92. tightly fixing the screw hole; 93. a round hole; 94. circular grooves.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods, and the reagents and materials, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available; in the description of the present application, the terms "transverse," "longitudinal," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not denote or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," "overhang," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
The invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a model device for use in aero-engine spray combustion research may include an intake trim section 1, an arcuate pilot channel 2, a visual combustor 3, a swirler 4, and a fuel nozzle 5. Wherein an upper honeycomb rectifying plate 61 and a lower honeycomb rectifying plate 62 are installed in the intake adjusting section 1 to rectify the inflow air. The arc-shaped flow guide channel 2 is installed in the air intake adjusting section 1, is positioned downstream of the lower honeycomb rectifying plate 62, and forms an annular cavity as an air intake channel with the air intake adjusting section 1 (inner wall). The arc-shaped diversion channel 2 can reduce gas flow separation, so that the gas flow at the inlet of the cyclone 4 is more uniform. The visual combustion chamber 3 is connected to the downstream end of the air inlet adjusting section 1, and is used as a combustion cavity, can bear the pressure in the cavity of up to 50bar, and can adapt to the working condition requirements of different spray back pressures and combustion pressures. The visual combustion chamber 3 adopts an optical visual window, can perform visual experiments, and can measure parameters such as spray form, spray particle size, spray flow field, spray combustion flow field and the like by utilizing experimental technologies such as a high-speed camera, PIV, PDPA and the like, so as to deeply explore the mechanism of fuel atomization and combustion. The swirler 4 is interchangeably mounted between the arcuate diversion channel 2 and the visual combustion chamber 3 and centrally provided with a venturi 41, the venturi 41 being adapted to promote spray breakup. Specifically, the swirler 4 is replaceably mounted on the end face of the arcuate flow guide channel 2 and its swirl vane tips transition to the outlet with a venturi 41. 8 swirl blades are reasonably arranged in the circumferential direction of the cyclone 4, so that the gas swirl strength is ensured, and the flow separation of gas and the generation of wake vortexes at the downstream of the cyclone are reduced. The fuel nozzle 5 is mounted in the arcuate pilot channel 2 and extends into the venturi 41. Specifically, the fuel nozzle 5 is mounted at the center of the end face of the arc-shaped diversion channel 2 and concentric with the swirler. The structure of the fuel nozzle 5 is well known and can be replaced to study the spray and combustion effects of different nozzles, and will not be described in detail here. When the cyclone device works, incoming air enters the air inlet adjusting section 1 to be subjected to speed reduction and diffusion, flows in a tidying way through the upper honeycomb rectifying plate 61 and the lower honeycomb rectifying plate 62, enters an annular cavity formed by the arc-shaped flow guide channel 2 and the air inlet adjusting section 1, and forms a cyclone through the cyclone 4; fuel is injected into the swirling air through the fuel nozzle 5 to form a spray, and the spray is combusted in the visual combustion chamber 3. The arc-shaped flow guide channel 2 separates the oil way from the air way, so that the uniformity of air at the inlet of the cyclone 4 is ensured, and the flow loss is reduced.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, the intake trim section 1 includes an upstream intake diffuser section 11, an intermediate intake straight pipe section 12 and a downstream intake straight pipe section 13 that are sealingly connected (e.g., by respective flanges and sealing rings). The upstream inlet diffuser 11 has a conical cylindrical shape and is used for reducing speed and diffusing the incoming air. The middle intake straight pipe section 12 is provided with a straight hole 121 with a diameter of 4mm and a partition wall constant diameter two-way joint 122 for connecting fuel pipes on the inner and outer sides of the device. The downstream intake manifold section 13 is movably mounted on the visual combustion chamber 3 to accommodate the assembly of swirlers 4 of different heights. Specifically, the adapter ring 7 with a flange is fixed to the visual combustion chamber 3 by a plurality of (e.g., 6) bolts, a seal ring mounting groove 131 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the downstream intake straight pipe section 13, and a plurality of (3) height adjusting bolts 132 are provided on the flange thereof. The seal ring mounting groove 131 is sleeved with an O-shaped seal ring 133 so that the downstream air inlet straight pipe section 13 is mounted in the adapter ring 7 and the visual combustion chamber 3 in a sealing manner. When the height is to be adjusted, the height adjustment can be realized by screwing the height adjusting bolt 132, which is very convenient. The upper honeycomb rectifying plate 61 and the lower honeycomb rectifying plate 62 are installed between the upstream intake diffuser 11 and the intermediate intake straight pipe section 12 and between the intermediate intake straight pipe section 12 and the downstream intake straight pipe section 13, respectively. Specifically, an upper honeycomb rectifying plate 61 is built into the lower end of the upstream intake diffuser 11, and a lower honeycomb rectifying plate 62 is built into the lower end of the intermediate intake straight pipe section 12.
Referring to fig. 2, 5 and 6, the arcuate flow guide channel 2 is coaxially mounted within the downstream inlet straight tube section 13. The arcuate flow channel 2 is divided into two parts (i.e., an upstream section 21 and a downstream section 22) to facilitate experimental assembly. The upstream section 21 and the downstream section 22 are clamped together through a step structure to form a streamline shape so as to reduce flow loss; meanwhile, the ladder structure is designed, so that the weight can be reduced, and the waste of materials can be avoided. The upper end of the upstream section 21 is secured by a banner flange 8. Specifically, the banner flange 8 is interposed between the intermediate intake straight pipe section 12 and the downstream intake straight pipe section 13, below the lower honeycomb rectifying plate 62. The central tube 81 of the banner flange 8 is provided with a plurality of (e.g. 2) first fixing screw holes 811, the upper end of the upstream section 21 is provided with a corresponding second fixing screw hole 211, and when the banner flange is mounted, the upper end of the upstream section 21 is inserted into the central tube 81 and aligned with the first fixing screw holes 811 and the second fixing screw holes 211, and finally the banner flange is locked by screws. The bottom of the downstream section 22 is provided with a circular groove 221 of external diameter 40mm, internal diameter 35mm and depth 1.8mmm for assembling the cyclone 4; and screw holes of the intermediate design M10 for fixing the fuel nozzles 5.
Referring to fig. 2, 3, 7 and 8, the end of the downstream air intake straight pipe section 13 of the air intake adjusting section 1 is provided with a replaceable head 9, the replaceable head 9 is provided with a circular groove 91, 4 tightening screw holes 92 are circumferentially distributed, a cylindrical glass cover or a circular ring (not shown) can be tightened by screws, and the head is assembled differently according to different experimental requirements. The exchangeable head 9 is further provided with a circular hole 93 of diameter 30mm for placing the swirler 4 and with a circular recess 94 of outer diameter 40mm, inner diameter 35mm and depth 1.8mmm for fitting the swirler 4 and a number 6 of M1 screws for fixing the swirler 4. That is, the rotator 4 is fixedly mounted on the exchangeable head 9 and the venturi 41 passes through the circular hole 93 into the visual combustion chamber 3.
In this embodiment, the downstream intake straight pipe section 13 is cooperatively connected with the replaceable head 9 by a stepped structure, so as to facilitate installation and reduce weight and avoid waste of materials. In addition, the downstream intake straight pipe section 13 and the replaceable head 9 can be replaced by transparent materials or opaque materials according to different requirements.
As shown in fig. 9, the rotator 4 is a two-stage cyclone. The rotator 4 can be replaced with different geometrical parameters according to experimental requirements. In the illustrated embodiment, the number of primary vanes 42 and secondary vanes 43 of the swirler 4 is 8, and each has an arc shape. The heights of the primary and secondary vanes 42, 43 may be designed as desired, and in one embodiment, the heights of the primary and secondary vanes 42, 43 are 2.7mm and 4.7mm, respectively, with an exit angle of about 55 degrees.
Referring to fig. 1, four sides of the visual combustion chamber 3 are provided with circular windows 31, sealed by quartz glass; and a plurality of mounting holes 32 are formed for mounting various detectors or sensors, etc. It should be understood that the window 31 may be other shapes and need not be made of quartz glass. In addition, a smoke exhaust pipe is also connected to the downstream of the visual combustion chamber 3, and a muffler is arranged on the smoke exhaust pipe to avoid noise influence.
The model device has the following advantages:
1) The upstream of the device is provided with an air flow adjusting pipeline for reducing air flow separation, so that the air flow uniformity of the inlet of the downstream cyclone is ensured.
2) The cyclone can be replaced by a single-stage or double-stage structure and is provided with a venturi, and the venturi can be made of transparent materials according to an experimental scheme, so that the internal spray atomization phenomenon of the venturi can be represented, spraying and combustion experiments under different cyclone numbers can be conveniently carried out, and the influence of different venturi geometric parameters on spraying is explored;
3) Through the visual combustion chamber, the spray form, spray particle size, spray flow field, spray combustion flow field and other parameters can be measured by utilizing high-speed camera, PIV, PDPA and other experimental technologies, and the mechanism of fuel atomization and combustion is deeply explored;
4) The model device has strong structural universality, is convenient for structural improvement and component replacement, and can adapt to different experimental requirements.
The existing spray combustion research device is mostly used for simulating combustion of an internal combustion engine, the spray combustion of an aeroengine is rarely simulated, the spray research visual field range in the combined combustion device is mostly limited to the downstream of the combined spray device, and the research on the atomization phenomenon and mechanism inside a venturi tube is hardly carried out. Existing devices rarely consider ensuring uniform downstream cyclone inlet airflow. The model device is designed with a flow channel for reducing gas flow separation, a replaceable combined nozzle and a visual combustion chamber, has rich experimental variables, is particularly designed with a venturi tube made of transparent materials, can measure and characterize spraying inside the venturi tube through an optical test scheme, and is convenient for fully understanding fuel atomization and combustion mechanism through experiments.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.