CN114607555A - Control method and device for wind generating set - Google Patents

Control method and device for wind generating set Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114607555A
CN114607555A CN202011405771.0A CN202011405771A CN114607555A CN 114607555 A CN114607555 A CN 114607555A CN 202011405771 A CN202011405771 A CN 202011405771A CN 114607555 A CN114607555 A CN 114607555A
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China
Prior art keywords
wind
generating set
air density
rated
rotating speed
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Pending
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CN202011405771.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
卞凤娇
刘磊
李永明
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Xinjiang Goldwind Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Xinjiang Goldwind Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011405771.0A priority Critical patent/CN114607555A/en
Publication of CN114607555A publication Critical patent/CN114607555A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/101—Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n)
    • F05B2270/1012—Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n) to prevent underspeed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a control method and a control device for a wind generating set. The method comprises the following steps: monitoring relevant operating parameters of the wind generating set and air density of the surrounding environment; adjusting the rated rotation speed of the wind generating set in response to the relevant operating parameters indicating that the wind generating set is in the stall risk occurrence zone and the air density of the surrounding environment reaches the stall risk air density; and controlling the operation of the wind generating set at the adjusted rated rotating speed. The device comprises: an operation monitoring unit configured to monitor relevant operating parameters of the wind turbine generator set and an air density of a surrounding environment; a rotational speed adjustment unit configured to adjust a rated rotational speed of the wind power plant in response to the relevant operating parameter indicating that the wind power plant is in a stall risk occurrence zone and that the air density of the surrounding environment reaches a stall risk air density; and the adjusting control unit is configured to control the operation of the wind generating set at the adjusted rated rotating speed.

Description

Control method and device for wind generating set
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a control method and device for a wind generating set.
Background
Generally, a wind turbine generator set is not specifically designed for environmental information of a specific site in a model design stage. Even if the optimal control curve of the wind generating set can be finely adjusted according to the actual operation condition during grid-connected debugging, the blade of the wind generating set cannot be ensured to operate under the optimal design condition.
In the actual operation process of the wind generating set, the field air density of the wind power plant is changed due to the influence of environmental change factors such as geographical conditions, day and night, seasons and the like, so that when the field air density of the wind power plant is too low, the wind generating set may have a blade stall phenomenon. When the wind generating set operates in a stall state, the load and aerodynamic characteristics of the blades of the wind generating set are changed, so that unit vibration and power generation loss are caused, even the blades are broken, and the service life of large components in the wind generating set is seriously influenced. In the current cognition, the blade stall phenomenon also influences the assessment of indexes such as a power curve, unit vibration, overspeed fault, noise standard exceeding and the like of the wind generating set. Therefore, the phenomenon of blade stall of the wind generating set is prevented, more reliable information can be provided for the control of the wind generating set, and the unit safety of the wind generating set is guaranteed.
In the related art, the blade stall is usually prevented by directly lifting the torque or the blade pitch angle, but this adjustment method may cause a loss of power generation while preventing the blade stall, and thus the above problems caused by the blade stall are not effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method and a control device for a wind generating set, which not only can prevent the stalling risk caused by the air density change of the surrounding environment of a wind power station (such as the air density change caused by the change of different seasons and day and night), but also can effectively avoid or reduce the loss of the generating capacity caused by adopting a mode of directly lifting the torque or the blade pitch angle.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a control method for a wind power plant, the control method comprising: monitoring relevant operating parameters of the wind generating set and air density of an environment surrounding the wind generating set; adjusting a rated rotational speed of the wind park in response to relevant operating parameters of the wind park indicating that the wind park is in a stall risk occurrence zone and that an air density of an environment surrounding the wind park reaches a stall risk air density; and controlling the operation of the wind generating set at the adjusted rated rotating speed.
Preferably, the stall risk occurrence section of the wind power plant is a transition section of the wind power plant during operation.
Preferably, the relevant operating parameters of the wind park comprise at least one of the following parameters: the actual rotation speed of the wind generating set; the actual power of the wind generating set and the actual torque of the wind generating set.
Preferably, the rated rotation speed of the wind turbine generator set is adjusted to one of the following rated rotation speeds: the maximum rated rotating speed of the wind generating set; the maximum rated rotating speed allowed by the wind generating set under the unit safety load; and the interpolation result between the rated rotating speed of the wind generating set under the upper limit value of the air density and the maximum rated rotating speed of the wind generating set under the lower limit value of the air density is obtained.
Preferably, the controlling the operation of the wind turbine generator set at the adjusted rated rotation speed includes: carrying out unit load safety assessment on the adjusted rated rotating speed; and controlling the operation of the wind generating set at the adjusted rated rotating speed under the condition that the adjusted rated rotating speed is evaluated through the load safety of the set.
Preferably, the controlling the operation of the wind turbine generator set at the adjusted rated rotation speed further comprises: under the condition that the adjusted rated rotating speed does not pass the unit load safety assessment, gradually changing the adjusted rated rotating speed according to a preset step length and continuing the unit load safety assessment on the rated rotating speed changed each time until the maximum rated rotating speed allowed by the wind generating set under the unit safety load is obtained; and controlling the operation of the wind generating set at the maximum rated rotating speed allowed by the wind generating set under the set safety load.
Preferably, the control method further includes: maintaining a rated rotational speed of the wind park in response to the relevant operating parameters of the wind park indicating that the wind park is not in a stall risk occurrence zone and that the air density of the wind park surroundings does not reach a stall risk air density.
Preferably, after controlling the operation of the wind turbine generator set at the adjusted rated rotation speed, the control method further includes: adjusting a pitch angle of a blade of the wind turbine generator set in response to the blade entering a stall condition.
Preferably, after controlling the operation of the wind turbine generator set at the adjusted rated rotation speed, the control method further includes: restoring the rated rotation speed of the wind generating set before the adjusting in response to the relevant operating parameter of the wind generating set indicating that the wind generating set exits the stall risk occurrence section or that the air density of the environment around the wind generating set does not reach the stall risk air density.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control apparatus for a wind turbine generator system, the control apparatus comprising: an operation monitoring unit configured to: monitoring relevant operating parameters of the wind generating set and air density of an environment surrounding the wind generating set; a rotational speed adjustment unit configured to: adjusting a rated rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set in response to the relevant operating parameters of the wind turbine generator set indicating that the wind turbine generator set is in a stall risk occurrence zone and that the air density of the environment surrounding the wind turbine generator set reaches a stall risk air density; an adjustment control unit configured to: and controlling the operation of the wind generating set at the adjusted rated rotating speed.
Preferably, the stall risk occurrence section of the wind power plant is a transition section of the wind power plant during operation.
Preferably, the relevant operating parameters of the wind park comprise at least one of the following parameters: the actual rotation speed of the wind generating set; actual power of the wind turbine generator set; and an actual torque of the wind turbine generator set.
Preferably, the rated rotation speed of the wind turbine generator set is adjusted to one of the following rated rotation speeds: the maximum rated rotating speed of the wind generating set; the maximum rated rotating speed allowed by the wind generating set under the unit safety load; and the interpolation result between the rated rotating speed of the wind generating set under the upper limit value of the air density and the maximum rated rotating speed of the wind generating set under the lower limit value of the air density is obtained.
Preferably, the adjustment control unit includes: a load evaluation unit configured to: carrying out unit load safety assessment on the adjusted rated rotating speed; a first control unit configured to: and under the condition that the adjusted rated rotating speed is evaluated through the unit load safety, controlling the operation of the wind generating set at the adjusted rated rotating speed.
Preferably, the adjustment control unit further includes: an iterative analysis unit configured to: under the condition that the adjusted rated rotating speed does not pass the unit load safety assessment, gradually changing the adjusted rated rotating speed according to a preset step length and continuing the unit load safety assessment on the rated rotating speed changed each time until the maximum rated rotating speed allowed by the wind generating set under the unit safety load is obtained; a second control unit configured to: and controlling the operation of the wind generating set at the maximum rated rotating speed allowed by the wind generating set under the set safety load.
Preferably, the control device further includes: a third control unit configured to: maintaining a rated rotational speed of the wind park in response to the relevant operating parameters of the wind park indicating that the wind park is not in a stall risk occurrence zone and that the air density of the wind park surroundings does not reach a stall risk air density.
Preferably, the control device further includes: a fourth control unit configured to: adjusting a pitch angle of blades of the wind park in response to the blades of the wind park entering a stall condition after controlling operation of the wind park at the adjusted rated rotational speed.
Preferably, the control device further includes: a fifth control unit configured to: after controlling the operation of the wind park at the adjusted rated rotational speed, restoring the rated rotational speed of the wind park prior to the adjustment in response to the relevant operating parameter of the wind park indicating that the wind park exits the stall risk occurrence zone or that the air density of the environment surrounding the wind park does not reach the stall risk air density.
According to another aspect of the invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the control method for a wind park as described above.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, implements a control method for a wind park as described above.
According to the control method and the control device for the wind generating set, provided by the invention, the problem of blade stall caused by too low air density of the surrounding environment of the wind generating set when the wind generating set runs to a stall risk occurrence section (particularly a transition section) can be effectively prevented and solved without adding new investment (such as additional hardware equipment), so that the occurrence frequency of faults such as blade breakage caused by blade stall is effectively reduced, and the loss of the generated energy caused by directly lifting the torque or the blade pitch angle is also effectively avoided or reduced, and the generated energy of the wind generating set is further improved.
Drawings
The above objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an operating curve of a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention under normal power generating conditions;
FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a control method for a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic process for stall control of a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows an exemplary process for a safety assessment of a unit load for a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 shows a block diagram of a control arrangement of a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 6 shows a schematic view of a system architecture for a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The conception of the invention is as follows: and under the condition that the wind generating set operates to the stall risk occurrence section, temporarily increasing the rated rotating speed of the wind generating set based on the fact that the air density of the surrounding environment of the wind generating set reaches the stall risk air density, so that the operating power of the wind generating set is increased, and the wind generating set is prevented from stalling at the stall risk occurrence section. Therefore, the problem of blade stall of a stall risk occurrence section can be dynamically controlled and prevented, and the power generation loss caused by the mode of directly lifting torque or blade pitch angle can be effectively avoided or reduced, so that the safety and the stability of the unit are guaranteed, and the power generation of the unit is further improved.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram 100 of an operating curve of a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention under normal power generating conditions.
Referring to fig. 1, the working curve of the wind turbine generator system shown in fig. 1 under the normal power generation condition may include three parts, which are a working curve of a pitch angle of the wind turbine generator system under the normal power generation condition, a working curve of a generator rotation speed, and a working curve of a generated power, respectively. Under normal power generation conditions, the operation of the wind turbine generator system may be controlled based on the above-described operating curves shown in fig. 1.
In the example shown in fig. 1, the operation of the wind park can be divided into four operating sections (also referred to as control sections), namely zone i, zone ii, zone iii and zone iv. The wind energy installation has different operating characteristics in the four operating sections. In the zone I (also called a starting section), the operation of the wind generating set can be controlled in a minimum pitch angle, a minimum set rotating speed and a torque PI control mode; in the zone II (also called an optimal tip speed ratio tracking section), the operation of the wind generating set can be controlled by a minimum pitch angle, an optimal rotating speed and a variable speed control mode according to the relation between the torque and the rotating speed; in zone iii (also referred to as transition zone), the operation of the wind park may be controlled in a minimum pitch angle, maximum set rotational speed and torque PI control manner; in the iv zone (also referred to as a full-power section), the operation of the wind turbine generator system may be controlled in a pitch control, maximum set rotational speed, and constant power control manner.
Of the above four operating sections of the wind power plant, the full-blown section is generally free from the phenomenon of blade stall, but the other sections below the full-blown section (such as the transition section and the optimum tip ratio tracking section) are high-blown sections (also referred to as stall risk occurrence sections) in which the problem of blade stall occurs. These blade stalls that occur in the high lift section are all associated with air density in the environment surrounding the wind turbine generator system being too low, which affects the full lift wind speed point of the transition section and the optimal gain of the optimal tip ratio tracking section. Therefore, accurately preventing blade stall of a wind park when the wind park is operated to a high rise section can provide more reliable information for control of the wind park and safeguard the park.
Fig. 2 shows a flow chart 200 of a control method for a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, the method 200 may include the steps of:
at step 210, relevant operating parameters of the wind park and the air density of the environment surrounding the wind park may be monitored.
In this example, the relevant operating parameters of the wind park may include, but are not limited to, an actual rotational speed of the wind park (such as, but not limited to, a generator rotational speed of the wind park as shown in fig. 1), an actual power of the wind park (such as, but not limited to, a generated power of the wind park as shown in fig. 1), an actual torque of the wind park (such as, but not limited to, a generator torque of the wind park), or other relevant operating parameters that may be used to indicate the operating section in which the wind park is located. These relevant operating parameters can be acquired and monitored by means of corresponding sensors provided in the wind park to determine the operating section in which the wind park is located. For example, the operating section in which the wind park is located may be determined from, but is not limited to, the actual power versus rated power and/or actual rotational speed versus rated rotational speed relationship of the wind park shown in FIG. 1.
In this example, the air density of the wind turbine generator set ambient environment may be calculated and monitored based on the following equation (1):
Figure BDA0002814089140000071
in the formula (1), rho is the air density of the surrounding environment of the wind generating set, PhubAmbient atmospheric pressure, T, for the cabin hub height of a wind turbinehub,kThe Kelvin temperature scale absolute temperature is the height of the engine room hub of the wind generating set.
In addition, the air density of the environment surrounding the wind turbine generator system may be calculated and monitored based on the following equation (2):
Figure BDA0002814089140000072
in the formula (2), ρ is the air density of the surrounding environment of the wind turbine generator system, AlthubIs the cabin hub height altitude, T of the wind generating sethub,kThe Kelvin temperature scale absolute temperature is the height of the engine room hub of the wind generating set.
The kelvin absolute temperature of the nacelle hub height of the wind turbine generator system in the formula (1) or (2) can be calculated by the following formula (3):
(Thub,k＝Thub,℃+273.15)
(3)
in formula (3), Thub,kKelvin absolute temperature, T, for the nacelle hub height of a wind turbine generator systemhub,℃The temperature is the ambient temperature of the cabin hub height of the wind generating set.
The calculation of equation (1) or (2) above may be used to monitor whether the air density of the wind park environment reaches a stall risk air density to determine whether the wind park is about to enter a stall condition.
At step 220, a rated rotational speed of the wind park may be adjusted in response to the relevant operating parameters of the wind park indicating that the wind park is in a stall risk occurrence zone and that the air density of the environment surrounding the wind park reaches a stall risk air density.
In some examples, the operating power of the wind park may be increased by adjusting the rated speed of the wind park to avoid the blades of the wind park from entering a stall condition to some extent, and thus this manner of adjusting the rated speed is more suitable for the stall risk occurrence section operating at the rated speed, whereas in the stall risk occurrence section shown in fig. 1, the wind park is only operating at the rated speed in the transition section, and thus, in these examples, this manner of adjusting the rated speed may be used to avoid the blades of the wind park from entering a stall condition when the wind park is operating into the transition section. Accordingly, in these examples, the rated rotational speed of the wind park may be adjusted in response to the relevant operating parameters of the wind park indicating that the wind park is in the transition zone and that the air density of the environment surrounding the wind park reaches the stall risk air density.
Further, in these examples, the rated rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set may be adjusted to, for example, but not limited to, a maximum rated rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set, a maximum rated rotational speed allowed for the wind turbine generator set at a unit safety load, an interpolation between a rated rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set at an upper air density limit and a maximum rated rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set at a lower air density limit, or other higher rated rotational speed to facilitate an increase in operating power of the wind turbine generator set. In addition, in consideration of the negative influence of the power boost on the unit load safety, here, in addition to the maximum rated rotation speed allowed by the wind turbine generator unit under the unit safety load, the unit load safety evaluation may be performed on the adjusted other rated rotation speeds (such as, but not limited to, the maximum rated rotation speed of the wind turbine generator unit, an interpolation result between the rated rotation speed of the wind turbine generator unit under the upper limit value of the air density and the maximum rated rotation speed of the wind turbine generator unit under the lower limit value of the air density, or other higher rated rotation speeds) to guarantee the unit safety of the wind turbine generator unit, which will be described in detail later.
In step 230, the operation of the wind turbine generator set may be controlled at the adjusted rated rotational speed.
As mentioned above, in view of the fact that a high rated rotational speed may cause a unit load of the wind turbine generator to be raised, to avoid this, in one example, a unit load safety evaluation may be performed on the adjusted rated rotational speed, and the operation of the wind turbine generator may be controlled at the adjusted rated rotational speed if the adjusted rated rotational speed passes the unit load safety evaluation. As a possible embodiment, the simulation module for evaluating the unit load safety may be used to test the unit load safety for the adjusted rated rotation speed, but is not limited thereto. Specifically, if the unit load is safely allowed at the adjusted rated rotation speed, the operation of the wind generating set can be controlled at the adjusted rated rotation speed; if the load safety of the wind turbine is not allowed under the adjusted rated rotating speed, the operation of the wind turbine generator set can not be controlled under the adjusted rated rotating speed.
In another example, in the case that the adjusted rated rotation speed does not pass the unit load safety assessment, the adjusted rated rotation speed may be changed step by step according to a preset step and the unit load safety assessment may be continued for each changed rated rotation speed until the maximum rated rotation speed allowed by the wind turbine generator unit under the unit safety load is obtained, and the operation of the wind turbine generator may be controlled at the maximum rated rotation speed allowed by the wind turbine generator unit under the unit safety load. By adopting the iterative optimization mode, the optimal lifting amount for the rated rotating speed can be obtained. As a possible implementation, the above-described iterative analysis regarding the safety assessment of the load of the wind energy installation can be performed using the maximum rated speed of the wind energy installation as an initial value. As another possible embodiment, the above-mentioned iterative analysis of the safety assessment of the unit load can also be performed using, as an initial value, the result of interpolation between the rated rotation speed of the wind turbine generator unit at the upper limit value of the air density and the maximum rated rotation speed of the wind turbine generator unit at the lower limit value of the air density. Since the interpolation result is closer to the iterative optimization result, the iterative analysis embodiment using the interpolation result may have a faster calculation or convergence speed and consume less calculation resources than the iterative analysis embodiment using the maximum rated rotation speed of the wind turbine generator system.
Furthermore, to ensure smooth operation of the wind park, the rated rotational speed of the wind park may be maintained in response to relevant operating parameters of the wind park indicating that the wind park is not in a stall risk occurrence zone and that the air density of the environment surrounding the wind park does not reach a stall risk air density.
In addition, after controlling the operation of the wind turbine generator system at the adjusted rated rotational speed, corresponding measures may be taken to prevent blade stall or increased unit load due to increased rated rotational speed as a result of changes in other relevant operating parameters of the wind turbine generator system (such as, but not limited to, increased blade angle of attack) and changes in the air density of the environment surrounding the wind turbine generator system.
In one example, the evaluation of the blade status of the wind park may be continued, and if it is still unavoidable that the blades of the wind park enter a stall state, the pitch angle (or minimum pitch angle) of the blades of the wind park may be adjusted in response to the blades of the wind park entering the stall state after controlling the operation of the wind park at the adjusted rated rotational speed. The mode of combining the adjustment of the pitch angle (or the minimum pitch angle) on the basis of the adjustment of the rated rotating speed can further prevent the blades from stalling, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the unit to the maximum extent.
In another example, the rated rotational speed of the wind park before the adjustment may also be restored after controlling the operation of the wind park at the adjusted rated rotational speed in response to the relevant operating parameter of the wind park indicating that the wind park exits the stall risk occurrence zone (e.g., without limitation, the wind park enters the full-firing zone) or that the air density of the environment surrounding the wind park does not reach the stall risk air density, to prevent an increase in the load of the park due to an increase in the rated rotational speed.
Next, the control process for the wind turbine generator set described above will be described in further detail with reference to fig. 3 and 4.
Fig. 3 shows an exemplary process 300 for stall control of a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 3, a process 300 is initiated.
In step 301, the process 300 may obtain real-time data and initialization parameter information of the wind turbine generator system, where the real-time data may include information such as a working state, a power limit state, a high-frequency rotation speed, a turbine power, a pitch angle, an air density, an ambient temperature outside the nacelle, an anemometer wind speed, and a wind vane of the wind turbine generator system; the initialization parameters may include a wind turbine generator set machine location altitude, a generator set hub height, an air density adjustment range, and a rated speed range (such as, but not limited to, a default rated speed, a maximum rated speed, a power-pitch angle boost matrix, etc. of the wind turbine generator set).
In step 302, the process 300 may perform data preprocessing on the obtained information, where the data preprocessing includes: the air density of the environment around the wind turbine generator set is calculated based on the ambient atmospheric pressure of the nacelle hub height of the wind turbine generator set and the outside-nacelle environment temperature of the nacelle hub height of the wind turbine generator set by using the formula (1) as described above or based on the nacelle hub height altitude of the wind turbine generator set and the outside-nacelle environment temperature of the nacelle hub height of the wind turbine generator set by using the formula (2) as described above, and the control data of the wind turbine generator set (such as the information of the impeller rotation speed, the air density, the pitch angle, the unit power, the generator torque, the anemometer wind speed and the like) is subjected to filtering processing to remove the glitch in the time series data and avoid the influence of the inflow control of abnormal value information on stall control.
At step 303, process 300 may determine whether the wind park is in the transition zone using the torque to speed, actual power to rated power, actual speed to rated speed, and the like, of the wind park.
At step 304, if the wind park is in the transition zone, process 300 may determine whether the air density of the wind park surroundings is below the stall risk air density for a set time.
At step 305, if the air density of the wind generating set's surroundings is less than the stall risk air density for the set time duration, process 300 may temporarily ramp up the rated speed of the wind generating set and perform a set load safety assessment on the ramped up rated speed; if the wind park is not in the transition zone and the air density of the environment surrounding the wind park is above the stall risk air density for the set time, process 300 may proceed to step 310 to maintain the default rated rotational speed of the wind park.
At step 306, process 300 may control operation of the wind turbine generator set at the elevated rated speed, if assessed by the unit load safety.
At step 307, process 300 may determine whether to adjust a pitch angle (or a minimum pitch angle) of the blades of the wind park by evaluating a stall condition of the blades of the wind park.
In step 308, in the event that the blade is unable to avoid entering a stall condition, process 300 may adjust a pitch angle of the blade of the wind turbine generator set to prevent the blade of the wind turbine generator set from stalling; in the event that the blade does not enter the stall condition, process 300 may not perform the pitching operation and continue to control the operation of the wind turbine generator set at the elevated rated rotational speed.
At step 309, process 300 may determine whether the wind park exits the transition zone and whether the air density of the environment surrounding the wind park is above the stall risk air density for a set time after controlling the operation of the wind park at the elevated rated rotational speed.
At step 310, if the wind park exits the transition zone and the air density of the wind park environment is above the stall risk air density for the set time, process 300 may restore the default rated rotational speed of the wind park to avoid a high rated rotational speed resulting in an increased park load of the wind park.
After step 310, process 300 ends.
It should be appreciated that although FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary process 300 for stall control of a wind turbine generator system according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the invention is not so limited.
Fig. 4 shows an exemplary process 400 for a safety assessment of a unit load for a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 4, a process 400 is initiated.
In step 401, the process 400 may directly relate the rated rotation speed ω of the wind turbine generator systemRatedThe maximum rated speed omega of the wind generating set is increasedRated,max。
At step 402, the process 400 may perform a unit load safety assessment on the adjusted rated rotational speed.
At step 403, if the adjusted rated rotational speed passes the unit load safety assessment, process 400 may proceed to step 405; if the adjusted rated rotational speed does not pass the unit load safety assessment, process 400 may proceed to step 404.
At step 404, the process 400 may decrease the maximum rated speed ω of the wind turbine generator set by a predetermined step sizeRated,maxAnd returning to step 402 to continue at the reduced maximum rated speed ωRated,max(or the rated rotating speed adjusted again) to carry out unit load safety assessment until the maximum rated rotating speed omega allowed by the wind generating set under the unit safety load is obtainedRated,SafetyThe maximum rated rotating speed omega allowed by the wind generating set under the unit safety loadRated,SafetyLess than the maximum rated speed omega of the wind generating setRated,max。
In step 405, process 400 may output a maximum rated speed ω of the wind turbine generator set allowed under a unit safety loadRated,Safety。
After step 405, process 400 ends.
It should be appreciated that although FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary process 400 for crew load safety assessment of a wind generating set according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the invention is not limited thereto.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic block diagram 500 of a control arrangement of a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 5, the control device shown in fig. 5 may comprise an operation monitoring unit 510, a rotational speed adjustment unit 520 and an adjustment control unit 530, wherein the operation monitoring unit 510 may be configured to monitor relevant operating parameters of the wind park and an air density of an environment surrounding the wind park; the rotational speed adjustment unit 520 may be configured to adjust the rated rotational speed of the wind park in response to the relevant operating parameters of the wind park indicating that the wind park is in a stall risk occurrence zone and that the air density of the environment surrounding the wind park reaches a stall risk air density; the regulation control unit 530 may be configured to control the operation of the wind park at the regulated rated rotational speed.
In the control apparatus shown in fig. 5, the relevant operating parameters of the wind turbine generator set may include, but are not limited to, an actual rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set (such as, but not limited to, a rotational speed of the generator shown in fig. 1), an actual power of the wind turbine generator set (such as, but not limited to, a power generation power shown in fig. 1), an actual torque of the wind turbine generator set (such as, but not limited to, a torque of the generator of the wind turbine generator set), or other relevant operating parameters that may be used to indicate an operating section in which the wind turbine generator set is located. The operation monitoring unit 510 may acquire and monitor these relevant operating parameters through respective sensors provided in the wind park to determine the operating section in which the wind park is located. Furthermore, the operation monitoring unit 510 also monitors whether the air density of the wind park surroundings reaches the stall risk air density using the calculation result of equation (1) or (2) as described above to determine whether the wind park is about to enter the stall condition.
In the stall risk occurrence section shown in fig. 1, the wind park is operated at the rated rotational speed only in the transition section, and therefore, in some examples, the blades of the wind park may be prevented from entering a stall state by adjusting the rated rotational speed when the wind park is operated to the transition section. Accordingly, the rotational speed adjustment unit 520 may adjust the rated rotational speed of the wind park in response to the relevant operating parameter of the wind park indicating that the wind park is in the transition zone and that the air density of the environment surrounding the wind park reaches the stall risk air density. Further, in these examples, rotational speed adjustment unit 520 may adjust the rated rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set to a value such as, but not limited to, a maximum rated rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set, a maximum rated rotational speed allowed for the wind turbine generator set at a unit safety load, an interpolation between a rated rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set at an upper air density limit and a maximum rated rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set at a lower air density limit, or other higher rated rotational speed to facilitate an increase in operating power of the wind turbine generator set.
To avoid this, in one example, the adjusting control unit 530 may comprise a load evaluation unit and a first control unit (neither shown in the figure), wherein the load evaluation unit may be configured to perform a unit load safety evaluation on the adjusted rated rotational speed; the first control unit may be configured to control the operation of the wind park at the adjusted rated rotational speed if the adjusted rated rotational speed is assessed by the park load safety assessment. In another example, the adjustment control unit 530 may further include an iterative analysis unit and a second control unit (neither shown in the figure), wherein the iterative analysis unit may be configured to, in a case that the adjusted rated rotation speed does not pass the unit load safety evaluation, gradually change the adjusted rated rotation speed by a predetermined step size and continue the unit load safety evaluation for each changed rated rotation speed until obtaining a maximum rated rotation speed allowed by the wind turbine generator unit at the unit safety load; the second control unit may be configured to control the operation of the wind park at a maximum rated rotational speed allowed by the wind park at the park safety load.
Furthermore, to ensure smooth operation of the wind park, the control arrangement shown in fig. 5 may further comprise a third control unit (not shown in the figures), which may be configured to maintain the rated rotational speed of the wind park in response to relevant operating parameters of the wind park indicating that the wind park is not in a stall risk occurrence zone and that the air density of the environment surrounding the wind park does not reach a stall risk air density.
In addition, after controlling the operation of the wind park at the adjusted rated rotational speed, the control apparatus shown in fig. 5 may also continue to take corresponding measures in response to changes in other relevant operating parameters of the wind park (such as, but not limited to, an increase in the angle of attack of the blades) and changes in the air density of the environment surrounding the wind park to prevent blade stall or increased load of the park due to an increase in the rated rotational speed as a result of these changes.
In one example, the control arrangement shown in fig. 5 may further comprise a fourth control unit (not shown in the figures), which may be configured to adjust a pitch angle (or a minimum pitch angle) of the blades of the wind park in response to the blades of the wind park entering a stall state after controlling the operation of the wind park at the adjusted rated rotational speed, to prevent the blades from stalling as a function of the operational parameters and the ambient environment.
In another example, the control apparatus shown in fig. 5 may further comprise a fifth control unit (not shown in the figure), which may be configured to restore the rated rotational speed of the wind park before the adjustment in response to the relevant operating parameter of the wind park indicating that the wind park exits the stall risk occurrence section (for example, but not limited to, the wind park enters the full-firing section) or that the air density of the environment around the wind park does not reach the stall risk air density after controlling the operation of the wind park at the adjusted rated rotational speed, to prevent an increase in the load of the park due to an increase in the rated rotational speed.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic view 600 of a system architecture for stall control of a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 6, the system architecture shown in fig. 6 may include a control device 610 for a wind park, a wind park 620, and a wind park controller 630 (such as, but not limited to, a master PLC system or a pitch control system in the wind park, etc.) according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. The control method of a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention may be run as an algorithm in the calculation unit of the control device 610 shown in fig. 6. The control device 610 shown in fig. 6 may include the operation monitoring unit 510, the rotational speed adjusting unit 520, the adjustment control unit 530, and the like as described above.
In the system architecture shown in fig. 6, the wind park 620 may transmit relevant operating parameters of the wind park (such as, but not limited to, the actual rotational speed, the actual torque, the size of the blade angle of attack, the size of the pitch angle, etc.) as signal a to the control device 610, and transmit the nacelle hub height, the nacelle hub height altitude and the ambient temperature outside the nacelle of the wind park as signal B to the control device 610. The control means 610 may monitor the operating section where the wind park is located and the air density of the environment around the wind park according to the received signals a and B and adjust the rated rotational speed of the wind park and transmit the adjusted rated rotational speed as signal C to the wind park controller 630 in case the wind park is in the stall risk occurrence section and the air density of the environment around the wind park reaches the stall risk air density. The wind turbine generator system controller 630 may output a signal D for controlling the wind turbine generator system to the wind turbine generator system 620 according to the received signal C, so that the wind turbine generator system 620 operates at the adjusted rated rotational speed to avoid the blades of the wind turbine generator system from stalling. As previously mentioned, after controlling the operation of the wind park at the adjusted rated rotational speed, the control device 610 may also continue to take corresponding measures in response to changes in other relevant operating parameters of the wind park (such as, but not limited to, an increase in the angle of attack of the blades) and changes in the air density of the environment surrounding the wind park to prevent blade stall or increased load of the park due to an increase in the rated rotational speed as a result of these changes. Since the specific implementation process of the control device has been described in detail above, it is not described in detail here.
It should be appreciated that although fig. 6 illustrates a system architecture for stall control of a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the invention is not limited thereto. For example, the control apparatus 610 shown in fig. 6 may be integrated in a wind generating set controller 630 (such as, but not limited to, a master PLC system or a pitch control system in a wind generating set) or a background controller for scheduling wind generating sets in a wind farm or other control devices connectable to the wind generating set controller 630 or the wind generating set 620, in addition to being integrated in a separate controller.
According to the control method and the control device for the wind generating set, provided by the invention, the problem of blade stall caused by too low air density of the surrounding environment of the wind generating set when the wind generating set runs to a stall risk occurrence section (particularly a transition section) can be effectively prevented and solved without adding new investment (such as additional hardware equipment), so that the occurrence frequency of faults such as blade breakage caused by blade stall is effectively reduced, and the loss of the generated energy caused by directly lifting the torque or the blade pitch angle is also effectively avoided or reduced, and the generated energy of the wind generating set is further improved.
There is also provided, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to execute the control method for a wind park according to the invention. The computer readable recording medium is any data storage device that can store data read by a computer system. Examples of the computer-readable recording medium include: read-only memory, random access memory, read-only optical disks, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, optical data storage devices, and carrier waves (such as data transmission through the internet via wired or wireless transmission paths).
There is also provided, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a computer apparatus. The computer device includes a processor and a memory. The memory is for storing a computer program. The computer program is executed by a processor such that the processor executes a computer program for a control method for a wind park according to the invention.
While the present application has been shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application as defined by the following claims.

Claims (20)

1. A control method for a wind park, characterized in that the control method comprises:
monitoring relevant operating parameters of the wind generating set and air density of an environment surrounding the wind generating set;
adjusting a rated rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set in response to the relevant operating parameters of the wind turbine generator set indicating that the wind turbine generator set is in a stall risk occurrence zone and that the air density of the environment surrounding the wind turbine generator set reaches a stall risk air density;
and controlling the operation of the wind generating set at the adjusted rated rotating speed.
2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that the stall risk occurrence section of the wind park is a transition section of the wind park during operation.
3. Control method according to claim 1, characterized in that the relevant operating parameters of the wind park comprise at least one of the following parameters:
the actual rotation speed of the wind generating set;
actual power of the wind turbine generator set; and
actual torque of the wind turbine generator set.
4. Control method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rated rotational speed of the wind park is adjusted to one of the following rated rotational speeds:
the maximum rated rotating speed of the wind generating set;
the maximum rated rotating speed allowed by the wind generating set under the unit safety load; and
and the interpolation result between the rated rotating speed of the wind generating set under the upper limit value of the air density and the maximum rated rotating speed of the wind generating set under the lower limit value of the air density is obtained.
5. The control method of claim 1, wherein controlling the operation of the wind turbine generator set at the adjusted rated rotational speed comprises:
carrying out unit load safety assessment on the adjusted rated rotating speed;
and controlling the operation of the wind generating set at the adjusted rated rotating speed under the condition that the adjusted rated rotating speed is evaluated through the load safety of the set.
6. The control method of claim 5, wherein controlling the operation of the wind turbine generator set at the adjusted rated rotational speed further comprises:
under the condition that the adjusted rated rotating speed does not pass the unit load safety assessment, gradually changing the adjusted rated rotating speed according to a preset step length and continuing the unit load safety assessment on the rated rotating speed changed each time until the maximum rated rotating speed allowed by the wind generating set under the unit safety load is obtained;
and controlling the operation of the wind generating set at the maximum rated rotating speed allowed by the wind generating set under the set safety load.
7. The control method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
maintaining a rated rotational speed of the wind park in response to the relevant operating parameters of the wind park indicating that the wind park is not in a stall risk occurrence zone and that the air density of the wind park surroundings does not reach a stall risk air density.
8. The control method of claim 1, wherein after controlling operation of the wind turbine generator set at the adjusted rated rotational speed, the control method further comprises:
adjusting a pitch angle of a blade of the wind turbine generator set in response to the blade entering a stall condition.
9. The control method of claim 1, wherein after controlling operation of the wind turbine generator set at the adjusted rated rotational speed, the control method further comprises:
restoring the rated rotation speed of the wind generating set before the adjusting in response to the relevant operating parameter of the wind generating set indicating that the wind generating set exits the stall risk occurrence section or that the air density of the environment around the wind generating set does not reach the stall risk air density.
10. A control device for a wind energy plant, characterized in that it comprises:
an operation monitoring unit configured to: monitoring relevant operating parameters of the wind generating set and air density of an environment surrounding the wind generating set;
a rotational speed adjustment unit configured to: adjusting a rated rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set in response to the relevant operating parameters of the wind turbine generator set indicating that the wind turbine generator set is in a stall risk occurrence zone and that the air density of the environment surrounding the wind turbine generator set reaches a stall risk air density;
an adjustment control unit configured to: and controlling the operation of the wind generating set at the adjusted rated rotating speed.
11. The control device according to claim 10, characterized in that the stall risk occurrence section of the wind park is a transition section of the wind park during operation.
12. Control arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that the relevant operating parameters of the wind park comprise at least one of the following parameters:
the actual rotation speed of the wind generating set;
actual power of the wind turbine generator set; and
actual torque of the wind turbine generator set.
13. The control device according to claim 10, characterized in that the rated rotational speed of the wind turbine generator set is adjusted to one of the following rated rotational speeds:
the maximum rated rotating speed of the wind generating set;
the maximum rated rotating speed allowed by the wind generating set under the unit safety load; and
and the interpolation result between the rated rotating speed of the wind generating set under the upper limit value of the air density and the maximum rated rotating speed of the wind generating set under the lower limit value of the air density is obtained.
14. The control device according to claim 10, wherein the adjustment control unit includes:
a load evaluation unit configured to: carrying out unit load safety assessment on the adjusted rated rotating speed;
a first control unit configured to: and controlling the operation of the wind generating set at the adjusted rated rotating speed under the condition that the adjusted rated rotating speed is evaluated through the load safety of the set.
15. The control device according to claim 14, wherein the adjustment control unit further includes:
an iterative analysis unit configured to: under the condition that the adjusted rated rotating speed does not pass the unit load safety assessment, gradually changing the adjusted rated rotating speed according to a preset step length and continuing the unit load safety assessment on the rated rotating speed changed each time until the maximum rated rotating speed allowed by the wind generating set under the unit safety load is obtained;
a second control unit configured to: and controlling the operation of the wind generating set at the maximum rated rotating speed allowed by the wind generating set under the set safety load.
16. The control device according to claim 10, characterized by further comprising:
a third control unit configured to: maintaining a rated rotational speed of the wind park in response to the relevant operating parameters of the wind park indicating that the wind park is not in a stall risk occurrence zone and that the air density of the wind park surroundings does not reach a stall risk air density.
17. The control device according to claim 10, characterized by further comprising:
a fourth control unit configured to: adjusting a pitch angle of blades of the wind park in response to the blades of the wind park entering a stall condition after controlling operation of the wind park at the adjusted rated rotational speed.
18. The control device according to claim 10, characterized by further comprising:
a fifth control unit configured to: after controlling the operation of the wind park at the adjusted rated rotational speed, restoring the rated rotational speed of the wind park prior to the adjustment in response to the relevant operating parameters of the wind park indicating that the wind park exits the stall risk occurrence zone or that the air density of the environment surrounding the wind park does not reach the stall risk air density.
19. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the control method for a wind park according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
20. A computing device, comprising:
a processor;
a memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, implements the control method for a wind park according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202011405771.0A 2020-12-03 2020-12-03 Control method and device for wind generating set Pending CN114607555A (en)

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