CN114607328A - Method for exploiting thick oil by huff and puff through low-temperature oxidation air injection assisted by solvent - Google Patents
Method for exploiting thick oil by huff and puff through low-temperature oxidation air injection assisted by solvent Download PDFInfo
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- CN114607328A CN114607328A CN202210375485.7A CN202210375485A CN114607328A CN 114607328 A CN114607328 A CN 114607328A CN 202210375485 A CN202210375485 A CN 202210375485A CN 114607328 A CN114607328 A CN 114607328A
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical group CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010797 Vapor Assisted Petroleum Extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 first soaking Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for huff and puff recovery of thick oil by low-temperature oxidation air injection assisted by a solvent, which comprises the following steps: s1, selecting a corresponding organic solvent according to the average relative molecular size and the physicochemical properties of the crude oil of the heavy oil reservoir, and injecting the solvent into the heavy oil reservoir from the production well through a pressure pump; s2, closing the well and stewing, and extracting light components in the thick oil after the solvent and the thick oil are mixed; s3, opening a well, operating an air compressor, opening a valve of the air compressor, which is connected with the wellhead of the production well, and injecting air into the oil reservoir through the production well; s4, closing the well, and carrying out second soaking, wherein the soaking time is determined by the oxygen concentration near the bottom of the well; and S5, opening a production valve of the wellhead to recover oil. According to the invention, the light components in the thickened oil are extracted by the solvent, so that the light components and oxygen are subjected to low-temperature oxidation reaction, the viscosity of the thickened oil is reduced, the quality of the thickened oil is improved, the flowing capacity of the thickened oil is improved under the condition of fully consuming the oxygen, and the cost reduction and the efficiency improvement of the thickened oil recovery are fundamentally realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oilfield development, relates to a thickened oil recovery method, and particularly relates to a solvent-assisted low-temperature oxidation air injection huff and puff thickened oil recovery method.
Background
The thick oil accounts for a large proportion of global unconventional resources, and according to statistics, the global thick oil storage is about 6 trillion barrels. However, most of heavy oil fields are not developed due to the high viscosity and high density of heavy oil, and in order to utilize the characteristic that the viscosity of the heavy oil changes rapidly along with the temperature, a thermal recovery mode is generally adopted when the heavy oil is developed, which is mainly a steam injection mode at present, but a large amount of energy is consumed for producing steam, and a large amount of greenhouse gas is generated, so that the heavy oil field is extremely unfriendly to the environment. Meanwhile, the treatment cost of the produced water is higher and higher along with the improvement of the environmental protection requirement. These factors result in low efficiency and difficult operation of some current heavy oil fields. For oil reservoirs with deeper buried regions, steam injection development cannot be technically feasible due to great heat loss along the way of a shaft.
For a heavy oil reservoir which is difficult to develop by injecting steam, a scholars puts forward that the heavy oil recovery efficiency is improved by a solvent extraction technology (VAPEX), and compared with thermal recovery, the VAPEX technology has the following advantages: (1) the technology does not need to inject steam, and the cost of ground facilities can be greatly reduced; (2) no heat loss and no greenhouse gas emissions: (3) the stability of asphaltene in the thickened oil can be deteriorated, and the asphaltene can be separated and settled, so that the thickened oil can be modified on site; (4) the lifting efficiency of the thick oil can be greatly improved. Even though VAPEX technology exhibits higher oil production rates and recovery levels than traditional thermal recovery, in practical applications the economic profitability of VAPEX technology may not be as expected due to the different properties of different reservoirs. Researches show that the original viscosity of heavy oil has a great influence on the effect of solvent extraction, the quantity and price of the solvent required by part of heavy oil reservoirs may influence the economy of the VAPEX technology to a certain extent, and the recovery degree of the solvent is not ideal. Therefore, the technology needs to be improved to satisfy both economic efficiency and technical feasibility.
On the other hand, in order to achieve the purpose of viscosity reduction and modification of the thick oil, the technology of extracting the thick oil by injecting air is widely applied, and the technology of extracting the thick oil by injecting air into the thick oil at low temperature and oxidizing the thick oil by injecting cheap air into an oil layer and utilizing the low-temperature oxidation reaction to modify the thick oil in situ in the oil layer. Relevant researches show that the viscosity of thin oil is increased by no more than 20% after low-temperature oxidation reaction, but the viscosity of thick oil with higher viscosity is increased by 10-300%; the higher the crude oil viscosity is, the longer the reaction time is, and the more obvious the crude oil viscosity increase after low-temperature oxidation is. It follows that different crude oil components undergo different types of oxidation reactions in the presence of air: the dominant reaction of heavy components of the crude oil under the low temperature condition (149-364 ℃) is mainly an oxygen adding endothermic reaction, and the corresponding oxygen consumption rate is low; the light component of the crude oil is mainly subjected to bond breaking exothermic reaction after meeting oxygen under the same temperature condition, the corresponding oxygen consumption rate is high, and a large amount of heat can be generated. Therefore, the oxygenation of heavy components in the heavy oil is avoided as much as possible in the actual reaction process. However, although the air is cheap and has sufficient sources, in the process of air injection mining, oxygen in the air is difficult to be completely consumed, and due to the problems of multiple equipment, complex process, management defects and the like, each link has the danger of explosion of flammable mixtures. Wherein, air compressor machine, gas injection pipeline and injection well pit shaft are the main danger hidden danger in the gas injection process. At present, domestic oil fields are lack of more control measures and equipment, and the technology is seriously concerned by a plurality of domestic oil fields, so the controllability and the safety of the technology for exploiting the thickened oil by injecting air are required to be deeply researched and perfected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for exploiting thick oil by means of solvent assisted low-temperature oxidation air injection huff and puff, which extracts light components in the thick oil through a solvent to enable the light components to generate low-temperature oxidation bond breaking reaction with oxygen, reduces the viscosity of the thick oil, improves the quality of the thick oil and improves the flowing capacity of the thick oil under the condition of fully consuming the oxygen. The invention has wide application prospect in the exploitation of thick oil of deep or complex oil layers, and can fundamentally realize the cost reduction and the efficiency improvement of the thick oil exploitation.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A method for huff and puff recovery of thick oil by low-temperature oxidation air injection assisted by a solvent sequentially comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting corresponding organic solvent according to the average relative molecular size and physical and chemical properties of crude oil of heavy oil reservoir, wherein the organic solvent can be hexane or C4-C10Or xylene, solvent extracted from a waste crude produced at the wellhead or from a separation of a crude from a refinery downstream; and then injecting a solvent into the heavy oil reservoir from the production well through a pressure pump, wherein the thickness of the reservoir is generally 200-500 m in a single well of the reservoir with the thickness of 30-40 m in one period3The injection mode of the solvent is selected from a slug type injection;
s2, closing the well and stewing, wherein the stewing time of one period is generally 3-5 days, and when the solvent is mixed with the thick oil and light components in the thick oil are extracted;
s3, opening a well, operating an air compressor, opening a valve connecting the air compressor with the wellhead of the production well, injecting air into the oil deposit through the production well according to the size of the oil deposit, and generally selecting single well to inject 1-2 multiplied by 104m3Air of (2);
s4, closing the well, and carrying out second soaking, wherein the soaking time is determined by the oxygen concentration near the bottom of the well, when the oxygen concentration at the bottom of the well is lower than 0.5%, the oxygen in the air and the light components extracted from the solvent are considered to have sufficient low-temperature oxidation reaction, and the oxygen concentration at the bottom of the well can be monitored by a gas detector at the bottom of the well;
and S5, closing the valves of the air compressor and the wellhead, and opening the production valve of the wellhead to recover oil.
The invention firstly screens the light solvent (C) according to the properties of the thick oil4-C10) Injecting a solvent into an oil reservoir through an oil well, and closing the well for a period of time to carry out soaking; after the solvent and the thick oil are mixed and the light components in the thick oil are extracted, the solvent and the thick oil are mixed and the light components are extractedInjecting a quantity of air into the reservoir; shutting down the well for a period of time to carry out soaking, wherein oxygen in the air and the extracted light crude oil component carry out oxidation exothermic reaction, and a large amount of heat and non-condensable gas (such as CO and CO) are generated in the reaction2And N2Etc.) to carry out pressurization and viscosity reduction on the thick oil in the near wellbore zone, and simultaneously, the high temperature generated by the reaction can promote the thick oil to realize series reactions such as in-situ modification and the like, thereby improving the property of the oil product; and opening the well for production after the oxygen is completely consumed. The main process of the method can be divided into five stages, namely solvent injection, first soaking, air injection, second soaking and recovery.
The injection media of the invention mainly comprise solvent and air, wherein the solvent can be obtained by extracting waste crude oil produced from a wellhead or crude oil separated from a downstream oil refinery, and the source of the air is very rich. Compared with steam, the method is not only economical and easily available, but also does not produce CO2The technology is a low-energy-consumption, low-carbon, environment-friendly and low-cost high-efficiency thickened oil exploitation technology, is also suitable for deep and other low-grade heavy oil reservoirs which are difficult to exploit in a steam injection mode at present, and has the potential and value of improving the economic benefit of thickened oil exploitation, improving the oil property and deepening the potential and value of residual reserve excavation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the light components in the thickened oil are extracted by the solvent, so that the light components and oxygen are subjected to low-temperature oxidation bond-breaking reaction, the viscosity of the thickened oil is reduced, the quality of the thickened oil is improved, the flowing capacity of the thickened oil is improved, and the controllability and the safety of an air injection technology are improved.
The invention has wide application prospect, can realize cost reduction and efficiency improvement of thickened oil exploitation, reduces carbon emission in oil field production, and is suitable for exploiting thickened oil of deep or complex oil layers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for producing heavy oil by huff and puff through injection of air through solvent-assisted low-temperature oxidation.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the invention in a vertical well.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a horizontal well and a horizontal well direction profile for use of the present invention in a horizontal well.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a vertical and horizontal well directional profile of the invention in use in a horizontal well.
In fig. 2, 3, 4: firstly, a solvent injection stage; ② stewing stage; ③ air injection phase; fourthly, a secondary well stewing stage; fifthly, a production stage; 1-an infused solvent focus region; 2-thick oil accumulation area; 3-a mixed extraction area of solvent and thickened oil; 4-injected air accumulation zone; 5-a low-temperature oxidation reaction area is formed between oxygen in the air and the extracted light oil; 6-a gas gathering area after the oxygen in the air reacts with the light oil; 7-thickened oil gathering area after modification.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
See fig. 1, 2, 3, 4.
A method for exploiting thick oil by huff and puff through injecting air through solvent-assisted low-temperature oxidation sequentially comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting corresponding organic solvent according to the average relative molecular size and physical and chemical properties of crude oil in heavy oil reservoir, wherein the organic solvent can be hexane or C6-C8Or xylene; and then injecting a solvent into the heavy oil reservoir from the production well through a pressure pump, wherein the thickness of the reservoir is generally 200-500 m in a single well of the reservoir with the thickness of 30-40 m in one period3The injection mode is selected to be slug injection, and the injected solvent can be gathered above the thick oil due to the density of the solvent is lower than that of the thick oil, as shown in a solvent gathering area 1 and a thick oil gathering area 2 in figures 2, 3 and 4;
s2, shutting down the well and stewing, wherein the stewing time of one period is generally 3-5 days, and the solvent and the thick oil are fully mixed and extracted in the area 3 to obtain light components in the thick oil;
s3, opening a well, operating an air compressor, opening a valve of the compressor connected with a production well mouth, injecting air into the oil deposit through the production well according to the size of the oil deposit, and generally injecting 1-2 multiplied by 10 into a single well at one time4m3Of the injected air, the injected air being collected inA region 4;
s4, closing the well and stewing for the second time, wherein oxygen in the air of the interface of the area 3 and the area 5 reacts with the light components to generate low-temperature oxidation reaction, the heat released by the reaction can continuously promote the reaction, the stewing time at this stage is determined by the oxygen concentration near the bottom of the well, when the oxygen concentration at the bottom of the well is lower than 0.5%, the oxygen in the air and the light components extracted by the solvent are considered to have sufficient low-temperature oxidation reaction, and the concentration at the bottom of the well can be monitored by a gas detector at the bottom of the well;
and S5, closing the compressor and the wellhead valve, and opening the wellhead production valve to recover oil.
The viscosity and density of the crude oil after extraction and low-temperature oxidation modification are reduced, the modified crude oil gathered in the region 7 can more easily flow to a production well and be lifted to the ground, and meanwhile, the quality of the crude oil is greatly improved. Most of the near-wellbore area and the middle part of the oil layer are N left after the air is consumed to remove oxygen2、CO2When the gas is generated, a small part of the gas can be generated from the production well, but most of the gas is remained in the reservoir, the reservoir pressure is maintained, the crude oil is driven to be generated, and part of CO is sealed and stored to a certain extent2Underground, the influence of greenhouse gases on the environment is reduced.
The invention can be used for:
(1) the recovery rate is improved in the early stage of thermal recovery of the heavy oil reservoir;
(2) exploiting and improving the recovery ratio of deep or complex heavy oil reservoirs;
(3) the carbon emission of the oil field is reduced, and the exploitation process is cleaner, more environment-friendly, safer and controllable.
Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for huff and puff recovery of thick oil by low-temperature oxidation air injection assisted by a solvent sequentially comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a corresponding organic solvent according to the average relative molecular size and the physicochemical properties of the crude oil of the heavy oil reservoir, and injecting the solvent into the heavy oil reservoir from the production well through a pressure pump;
s2, closing the well and stewing, and extracting light components in the thick oil after the solvent and the thick oil are mixed;
s3, opening a well, operating an air compressor, opening a valve of the air compressor, which is connected with the wellhead of the production well, and injecting air into the oil reservoir through the production well;
s4, closing the well, and carrying out second soaking, wherein the soaking time is determined by the oxygen concentration near the bottom of the well;
and S5, closing the valves of the air compressor and the wellhead, and opening the production valve of the wellhead to recover oil.
2. The method for recovering heavy oil through aeration by solvent-assisted low-temperature oxidation and air injection as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the solvent is hexane or C4-C10Or xylene, solvent extracted from a waste crude produced at a wellhead or from a separation of refinery crude.
3. The method for recovering heavy oil through huff and puff by solvent assisted low-temperature oxidation air injection as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the solvent is injected into the heavy oil reservoir from the production well, the thickness of the reservoir is in the range of 30-40 m, and the injection is 200-500 m3The injection mode is selected from a slug type injection.
4. The method for recovering thick oil through aeration by solvent-assisted low-temperature oxidation and air injection as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the soaking time is 3-5 days.
5. The method for recovering heavy oil through stimulation by solvent-assisted low-temperature oxidation air injection as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, 1-2 x 10 injection is performed4m3To the reservoir.
6. The method for recovery of heavy oil by solvent-assisted low-temperature oxidation air injection stimulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soaking time is determined by the oxygen concentration near the bottom of the well in step S4, which means that when the oxygen concentration at the bottom of the well is lower than 0.5%, the oxygen in the air is considered to have undergone a sufficient low-temperature oxidation reaction with the light components extracted from the solvent.
7. The method for heavy oil recovery by solvent-assisted cryogenic oxidation air injection stimulation as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step S4, the concentration of oxygen at the bottom of the well is monitored by a gas detector at the bottom of the well.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210375485.7A CN114607328A (en) | 2022-04-11 | 2022-04-11 | Method for exploiting thick oil by huff and puff through low-temperature oxidation air injection assisted by solvent |
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| CN202210375485.7A CN114607328A (en) | 2022-04-11 | 2022-04-11 | Method for exploiting thick oil by huff and puff through low-temperature oxidation air injection assisted by solvent |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115949381A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-04-11 | 西南石油大学 | Method and experimental device for improving shale oil reservoir recovery ratio by injecting air in cooperation with microwaves |
| CN115949381B (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2024-06-04 | 西南石油大学 | Method and experimental device for improving shale oil reservoir recovery ratio by air injection and microwave cooperation |
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2022
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| Title |
|---|
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115949381A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-04-11 | 西南石油大学 | Method and experimental device for improving shale oil reservoir recovery ratio by injecting air in cooperation with microwaves |
| CN115949381B (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2024-06-04 | 西南石油大学 | Method and experimental device for improving shale oil reservoir recovery ratio by air injection and microwave cooperation |
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