CN114604980A - Raw water heating and hard water removing treatment device - Google Patents
Raw water heating and hard water removing treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114604980A CN114604980A CN202011424189.9A CN202011424189A CN114604980A CN 114604980 A CN114604980 A CN 114604980A CN 202011424189 A CN202011424189 A CN 202011424189A CN 114604980 A CN114604980 A CN 114604980A
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- heating
- magnesium
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 484
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 32
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000022 magnesium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 17
- QWDJLDTYWNBUKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O QWDJLDTYWNBUKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002370 magnesium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000014824 magnesium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 9
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- DNHVXYDGZKWYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Pb] DNHVXYDGZKWYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J31/00—Apparatus for making beverages
- A47J31/44—Parts or details or accessories of beverage-making apparatus
- A47J31/54—Water boiling vessels in beverage making machines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
Abstract
A raw water heating and hard water removing treatment device comprises coarse filtration and activated carbon filtration, wherein raw water is pumped out under pressure through a water pump, mixed with grit abrasive materials through an ejector or mixed with grit abrasive materials and then input into a heating side and a final stage heater of a multistage vertical or horizontal heat exchanger at a set flow rate through the water pump, and the raw water is heated to a set temperature from a natural initial temperature. The temporary hardness and the permanent hardness in the raw water are heated to generate decomposition reaction, and calcium carbonate precipitation and magnesium carbonate precipitation are generated. The gravel grinding material is added into the raw water, so that the gravel grinding material in the water and the scale on the pipe wall of the vertical heat exchanger generate friction, the scale is ground down, and the pipe wall is kept clean. The device reduces the water temperature to a set temperature through the cooling side of a multi-stage vertical or horizontal heat exchanger, and obtains boiled water with temporary hardness and permanent hardness removed through filtration. The invention has high raw water utilization rate, does not need to use medicines, saves energy and reduces emission, and solves the problems of scaling of the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger, low heat efficiency, large energy consumption and environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a raw water heating and hardness removing treatment device, in particular to a raw water heating and hardness removing softened water production device.
Background
Water is a source of all organic compounds and living matters and is a precious resource for human life. The fact proves that the drinking safety must be ensured in order to ensure the health of human bodies. Modern scientific research shows that water is heated to change macromolecules into small molecular groups, which is beneficial to accelerating metabolism of human bodies through cell water channels.
Due to the health characteristics of boiled water, the production research of boiled water in the prior art is related, for example, Chinese patent 201510910166.1 adopts a 1500-2500 MHz microwave heating mode to realize the production of 'boiled water' purified water, but the mode has high energy consumption and is not suitable for mass production in factories.
For example, chinese patent CN106186490B, a cold boiled water production process, needs UHT heat sterilization, and introduces degassed clean water into UHT sterilizer for heat sterilization, and because raw water needs to be softened, high salt water must be discharged from natural water, which not only wastes water resources, but also causes pollution of high salt water in river and natural water.
In addition, water is used as an important substance in a wide variety of industrial fields. Because the maximum salt content in the fresh water is hard salts, namely temporary hard calcium bicarbonate, magnesium bicarbonate and calcium salts and magnesium salts of various permanent hard acids, the raw water can be decomposed into scale due to temperature change in the process, and the calcium salts and the magnesium salts of the various permanent hard acids can be changed into the scale due to chemical reaction, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the medium is influenced. To solve these problems, the most conventional way is to make the temporary hard removal by chemical methods such as addition of acid or alkali; or removing the permanent hardness and the temporary hardness through ion exchange; or removing permanent hard and temporary hard through reverse osmosis. However, in this process, various chemicals, such as acids, bases or other chemicals, must be added to the water, e.g., as complexing agents in the circulating water. The addition of these chemicals causes pollution of water by acid, alkali and salt at the very least, and this pollution is very large for natural water body, so that it can be used for irrigation or other influences, salinization of soil or eutrophication of water body. Therefore, the water body pollution caused by acid, alkali and salt is solved by a physical method, and the water body is unhardened without adding medicines, so that the water body is dreaming for people. However, since the persistence of the method cannot be achieved due to the decrease in heat exchange efficiency caused by temporary or permanent decomposition of scale in the physical method such as thermal desalination and removal of hardness, raw water removal of hardness has not been a good solution.
The invention creates a brand new method, namely a physical method for solving the problem that the scale is attached to the surface of the heat exchanger. Therefore, a new technology for removing the scale by heating and hard friction is invented. Therefore, the device can realize the hardness removal treatment of water on the premise of no addition of medicines or environmental pollution, can meet the requirements of industrial production and life of people to the maximum extent, and has low cost, no harm and environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, in order to solve the problems of scaling of the heat exchange surface, low heat efficiency, high energy consumption, strong brine discharge by an ion exchanger and reverse osmosis and environmental pollution, the invention provides a raw water heating and water-removing treatment device, which has the following specific technical scheme: a raw water heating and hard water removing treatment device comprises a raw water pretreatment device, a water supply device, a heat exchange device, a final stage heating device, a separation and precipitation device, a filtering device and an exhaust device. The method is characterized in that: the raw water pretreatment device comprises coarse filtration and active carbon filtration. The raw water treated by the pretreatment device is pumped out by a water pump under pressure, mixed with gravel abrasive by an ejector or mixed with gravel abrasive by the raw water and then input to the heating side of the multistage vertical heat exchanger at a set flow rate through the water pump. The method comprises the steps of heating raw water from a natural initial temperature to a set temperature, then heating the water to 110-125 ℃ through a final-stage heater, and keeping the temperature for 3-10 minutes. The calcium bicarbonate and the magnesium bicarbonate in the raw water are heated to generate decomposition reaction, and calcium carbonate precipitation, magnesium carbonate precipitation and carbonic acid are generated. The sodium carbonate and the salts of calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and the like in the water generate chemical reaction to generate calcium carbonate precipitate and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrate. The sodium carbonate reacts with the magnesium sulfate, the magnesium chloride and the magnesium nitrate in the water to generate magnesium carbonate precipitate and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrate. In the heat exchange process, calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate are decomposed to generate calcium carbonate precipitates and magnesium carbonate precipitates, namely water scales, which can be accumulated on the heat exchange surface of the vertical heat exchanger, thus seriously influencing the heat exchange efficiency.
Ca(HCO3)2 = CaCO3↓ +CO2↑ +H2O
Mg(HCO3)2= MgCO3+H2O+ CO2↑
The sodium carbonate and the salts of calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and the like in the water generate chemical reaction to generate calcium carbonate precipitate and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrate.
Na2CO3+CaSO4= CaCO3↓+ Na2SO4
Na2CO3+CaCl2= CaCO3↓+2NaCl
Na2CO3+Ca(NO3)2= CaCO3↓+2NaNO3
The sodium carbonate reacts with the magnesium sulfate, the magnesium chloride and the magnesium nitrate in the water to generate magnesium carbonate precipitate and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrate.
MgSO4+Na2CO3= MgCO3↓+Na2SO4
MgCl2 + Na2CO3 = MgCO3↓ + 2NaCl
Mg(NO3)2+Na2CO3=MgCO3↓+2NaNO3
In order to solve the problem of scaling of the heat exchange surface of the vertical heat exchanger, grit grinding materials are added into raw water, so that the grit grinding materials in the water and scale on the pipe wall of the vertical heat exchanger generate friction, and the scale is ground down. The grinded scale is used as crystal nucleus, which can make calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate generated by decomposing calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate by heating quickly crystallize and grow, and precipitate calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate suspended substances, which together with gravel grinding material act on the scale on the heat exchange pipe wall, so that the gravel grinding material and the pipe wall rub down the scale on the pipe wall to keep the pipe wall clean.
The working pressure of the whole system is provided by an initial water supply pump, and the water pump applies pressure which is greater than or equal to the corresponding water boiling temperature pressure. The whole system is a pressure bearing system, partial reduction of the system pressure is realized after water passes through a filter, and the pressure of the whole device is controlled by a valve arranged at the tail end. The raw water is exhausted to remove carbon dioxide gas in the raw water, and the effluent exhaust device is arranged behind the tail end valve.
The multistage heat exchangers are arranged vertically, and the top of each assembled heat exchanger is provided with at least one heating underwater lead pipe connected from the bottom of the top and at least one cooling water lead pipe connected with the end of the heat exchanger. The pipe orifice of the heating up underwater guide pipe of the upper-level vertical heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet pipe orifice of the heating up water guide pipe of the lower-level vertical heat exchanger, the pipe orifice of the cooling water guide pipe connected to the end head of the upper-level vertical heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet pipe orifice of the heat releasing and cooling down underwater guide pipe of the lower-level vertical heat exchanger, and the like to form a series pipeline which is heated up by cold water, guided down to the top and then heated up by the cold water of the lower-level heat exchanger. And then, heating the water to 110-125 ℃ by a final-stage heater, and keeping the temperature for 3-10 minutes. And the heat-releasing hot water is released from the top and output to a hot water heat-releasing descending pipe cluster of which the end is upwards connected with a pipe connected with the hot water at the top, and the temperature difference of each group of heat exchange pipe clusters is set to be increased to about 6-35 ℃ so as to form the counter-flow heat exchange between the cold water and the hot water.
The heat exchange tube in the vertical heat exchanger is a glass tube, or a glass tube made of high borosilicate material. The heat exchange tube is a metal tube, the metal tube is a stainless steel tube, a titanium tube, a copper tube, an aluminum tube or an aluminum alloy tube.
The raw water on the heating side of the multistage vertical heat exchanger is heated step by step to realize the natural initial temperature of the raw water from the inlet water, and the raw water is heated by the multistage vertical heat exchanger and the final-stage heater until the raw water is heated to the required set temperature. Because the final heating is to compensate the heat transfer temperature difference of about 6-35 ℃ needed by the two sides of the vertical heat exchanger, the heat needed by the heat exchange temperature difference for compensating water is very little. And then, the hot water passes through the cooling side of the vertical heat exchanger, and is cooled from 110 ℃ to 125 ℃ to a proper set temperature. The temperature of the cold water is raised by the vertical heat exchanger, the water density of the cold water is reduced, natural rising circulation power is formed, the water density of the cold water is increased when the temperature of the cold water is lowered, natural falling circulation power is formed, and a circulation path for the cold water to descend step by step is formed.
The calcium bicarbonate and the magnesium bicarbonate in the heated raw water are heated to generate decomposition reaction, and calcium carbonate precipitate, magnesium carbonate precipitate, carbon dioxide and water are generated. The raw water which is heated and generates chemical decomposition reaction is cooled by a vertical heat exchanger. Thereafter, the abrasive grit and scale deposits are separated by a grit abrasive scale separator and precipitator. The sand and gravel grinding material is precipitated and separated out firstly due to the high specific gravity of the sand and gravel grinding material, and then the precipitated sand and gravel grinding material is injected into cold water to be heated through a pipeline jet mixer or a water pump, so that the sand and gravel grinding material forms circulation, and scale is subsequently precipitated and separated out. The water separated and clarified from the scale is fed into a filtering device to filter and purify the water, the purified water is filtered to remove calcium and magnesium precipitates in the water and is filtered by a filter to remove calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate precipitates in the raw water, and the raw water after filtering is precipitated to eliminate the temporary hardness and the permanent hardness in the water, so that the water is softened. And the raw water is exhausted through a deaerator to remove carbon dioxide gas in the water, so that the raw water becomes plain boiled water. The heat exchanger, the final heater, the pipeline and the outer wall of the valve of the raw water heating and hardness removing device are all provided with heat preservation layers.
A raw water heating and hard water removing treatment device comprises a raw water pretreatment device, a water supply device, a heat exchange device, a final stage heating device, a separation and precipitation device, a filtering device and an exhaust device. The method is characterized in that: the raw water pretreatment device comprises coarse filtration and active carbon filtration. The raw water treated by the pretreatment device is pumped out by a water pump under pressure, mixed with gravel abrasive by an ejector or mixed with gravel abrasive by the raw water and then input to the heating side of the multistage horizontal heat exchanger at a set flow rate by the water pump. The method comprises the steps of heating raw water from a natural initial temperature to a set temperature, then heating the water to 110-125 ℃ through a final-stage heater, and keeping the temperature for 3-10 minutes. The calcium bicarbonate and the magnesium bicarbonate in the raw water are heated to generate decomposition reaction, and calcium carbonate precipitate, magnesium carbonate precipitate and carbonic acid are generated. The sodium carbonate and the salts of calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and the like in the water generate chemical reaction to generate calcium carbonate precipitate and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrate. The sodium carbonate reacts with the magnesium sulfate, the magnesium chloride and the magnesium nitrate in the water to generate magnesium carbonate precipitate and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrate. In the heat exchange process, calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate are decomposed to generate calcium carbonate precipitates and magnesium carbonate precipitates, namely water scales, which can be accumulated on the heat exchange surface of the horizontal heat exchanger, thus seriously affecting the heat exchange efficiency.
Ca(HCO3)2 = CaCO3↓ +CO2↑ +H2O
Mg(HCO3)2= MgCO3+H2O+ CO2↑
The sodium carbonate and the salts of calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and the like in the water generate chemical reaction to generate calcium carbonate precipitate and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrate.
Na2CO3+CaSO4= CaCO3↓+ Na2SO4
Na2CO3+CaCl2= CaCO3↓+2NaCl
Na2CO3+Ca(NO3)2= CaCO3↓+2NaNO3
The sodium carbonate reacts with the magnesium sulfate, the magnesium chloride and the magnesium nitrate in the water to generate magnesium carbonate precipitate and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrate.
MgSO4+Na2CO3= MgCO3↓+Na2SO4
MgCl2 + Na2CO3 = MgCO3↓ + 2NaCl
Mg(NO3)2+Na2CO3=MgCO3↓+2NaNO3
In order to solve the problem of scaling on the heat exchange surface of the horizontal heat exchanger, a grit grinding material is added into raw water, so that the grit grinding material in the water and scale on the pipe wall of the horizontal heat exchanger generate friction, and the scale is ground down. The grinded scale is used as crystal nucleus, which can make calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate decompose by heating to generate calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate which are crystallized and grown up rapidly, and precipitate suspended matters of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate, which act on the scale on the heat exchange tube wall together with gravel grinding material, so that the gravel grinding material rubs down the scale on the tube wall by the friction between the gravel grinding material and the tube wall, and the tube wall is kept clean.
The working pressure of the whole system is provided by an initial water supply pump, and the water pump applies pressure which is greater than or equal to the corresponding water boiling temperature pressure. The whole system is a pressure bearing system, partial reduction of the system pressure is realized after water passes through the filter, and the pressure of the whole device is controlled by a valve arranged at the tail end. The raw water is exhausted to remove carbon dioxide gas in the raw water, and the effluent exhaust device is arranged behind the tail end valve.
The multi-stage heat exchanger is a horizontal shell-and-tube heat exchanger, or a tube-in-tube horizontal heat exchanger, and is arranged by being stacked up and down, or arranged horizontally and in a layered manner.
The multistage heat exchangers are arranged horizontally, and the end of each stage of horizontal heat exchanger is provided with at least one serial connection pipe which is connected with the next stage of temperature rising water from the end, and at least one serial connection pipe which is connected with the next stage of temperature lowering water from the side part of the end. The pipe orifice of the serial connection pipe for the temperature-rising water of the upper horizontal heat exchanger to be connected with the water inlet pipe orifice of the serial connection pipe for the temperature-rising water of the lower horizontal heat exchanger to be connected with the temperature-rising water of the lower horizontal heat exchanger, the pipe orifice of the serial connection pipe for the temperature-rising water of the upper horizontal heat exchanger to be connected with the water inlet pipe orifice of the serial connection pipe for the temperature-lowering water of the lower horizontal heat exchanger to be connected with the heat-releasing temperature-lowering water of the lower horizontal heat exchanger to be connected with the water inlet pipe orifice of the serial connection pipe for the temperature-lowering water of the lower horizontal heat exchanger to be connected, and the cold water heat exchanger is formed by analogy, and then the serial connection pipeline is connected with the cold water heat exchanger of the lower heat exchanger. And then, heating the water to 110-125 ℃ by a final-stage heater, and keeping the temperature for 3-10 minutes. And the heat-released hot water is released and output from the end, the temperature difference of each group of heat exchange tube clusters is set to be increased to about 6-35 ℃ for operation, and the counter-flow heat exchange between the cold water and the hot water is formed.
The heat exchange tube in the horizontal heat exchanger is a glass tube, a glass tube or a high borosilicate glass tube. The heat exchange tube is a metal tube, the metal tube is a stainless steel tube, a titanium tube, a copper tube, an aluminum tube or an aluminum alloy tube.
The raw water on the heating side of the multi-stage horizontal heat exchanger is heated step by step to realize the natural initial temperature of the raw water from the inlet water, and the raw water is heated by the multi-stage horizontal heat exchanger and the final-stage heater until the raw water is heated to the set temperature required by the raw water. Because the final heating is to compensate the heat transfer temperature difference of about 6-35 ℃ needed by the two sides of the horizontal heat exchanger, the heat needed by the heat exchange temperature difference for compensating water is very little. And then, cooling the hot water to a proper set temperature from 110-125 ℃ through the cooling side of the horizontal heat exchanger. Because the heated cold water is input from the end head side of the horizontal heat exchanger, the cooled hot water is output from the end head side of the horizontal heat exchanger.
The calcium bicarbonate and the magnesium bicarbonate in the heated raw water can generate decomposition reaction due to heating to generate calcium carbonate precipitate, magnesium carbonate precipitate, carbon dioxide and water. The raw water which is heated and generates chemical decomposition reaction is cooled by a horizontal heat exchanger. Thereafter, the abrasive grit and scale deposits are separated by a grit abrasive scale separator and precipitator. The sand and gravel grinding material is precipitated and separated out firstly due to the high specific gravity of the sand and gravel grinding material, and then the precipitated sand and gravel grinding material is injected into cold water to be heated through a pipeline jet mixer or a water pump, so that the sand and gravel grinding material forms circulation, and scale is subsequently precipitated and separated out. The water separated and clarified from the scale is input into a filtering device to filter and purify the water, the purified water is filtered, calcium and magnesium precipitates in the water are removed, the water is filtered by a filter to remove calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate precipitates in the raw water, the raw water after filtering is precipitated to remove the temporary hardness and the permanent hardness in the water, and the water is softened. And the raw water is exhausted through a deaerator to remove carbon dioxide gas in the water, so that the raw water becomes plain boiled water. The heat exchanger, the final heater, the pipeline and the outer wall of the valve of the raw water heating and hardness removing device are all provided with heat preservation layers.
A water-heating and water-removing treater features that the steam heater at the bottom of final heater is used as the heat source of final heater to directly inject steam into water for heating. The temperature of the heated water is increased to 110-125 ℃ and kept for 3-10 minutes.
A water treating apparatus for removing hard water by heating raw water features that the heat source of its final-stage heater is composed of steam heat exchanger, electric heater, electrode heater, gas heater, solar water heater and microwave heater. The temperature is increased to 110-125 ℃ and kept for 3-10 minutes.
A raw water treating apparatus for heating and removing hard water is composed of sand, emery and corundum.
A raw water heating and hard water removing treatment device is characterized in that a grit abrasive water jet mixer is used for jetting raw water and pumping grit abrasive water-slurry mixture.
A raw water heating and hardness-removing treatment device is characterized in that gravel grinding materials and raw water are stirred by a stirrer, pumped by a water pump and enter a raw water heating and hardness-removing device.
The utility model provides a raw water heating removes hard water treatment facilities, its grit abrasive water incrustation scale separation sediment filter is the syllogic structure, and first section is grit abrasive material sediment section, and the second section is the incrustation scale sediment section, and incrustation scale sediment section upper portion is equipped with the swash plate, and the third section is water filtration section. The grit abrasive is deposited in the form of a mixed water slurry, which is connected to the jet mixer through a pipe valve.
The utility model provides a raw water heating removes hard water treatment facilities, its grit abrasive water incrustation scale separation sediment filter is the syllogic structure, and first section is grit abrasive material sediment section, and the second section is the incrustation scale sediment section, and incrustation scale sediment section upper portion is equipped with the swash plate, and the third section is water filtration section. The gravel abrasive sediment is connected with a raw water tank provided with a stirrer through a pipeline valve in the form of mixed water slurry, and is pumped out through a water pump and enters a raw water heating and hardness removing device.
A raw water heating and hard water removing treatment device is characterized in that heat exchange tubes of a vertical heat exchanger and a horizontal heat exchanger are aluminum tubes or aluminum alloy tubes, the aluminum tubes or the aluminum alloy tubes can chemically react with oxygen in water to generate a hard aluminum oxide film layer, the film layer can be regenerated after being abraded, the heat exchange efficiency is high, the mechanical property is stable, the price is moderate, the aluminum tubes or the aluminum alloy tubes are good options of the vertical heat exchanger, the aluminum tubes or the aluminum alloy tubes can be produced through extrusion, and the surfaces of the aluminum tubes or the aluminum alloy tubes can be made to have inner and outer heat exchange fins, so that the heat exchange area of water is increased.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the raw water heating and hard water removing treatment device is a pure physical hard water removing method, has high raw water utilization rate, does not need to use medicines, saves energy, reduces emission, and solves the problems of scaling of a heat exchange surface of a heat exchanger, low thermal efficiency, high energy consumption, and environmental pollution caused by large discharge of strong brine by an ion exchanger and reverse osmosis. And is especially suitable for industrial large-scale production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first system of a raw water heating and water-removing treatment device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second system of a raw water heating and water-removing treatment device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third system of a raw water heating and water-removing treatment device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth system of a raw water heating and water-removing treatment device.
In the figure: 1 heat exchanger, 2 raw water down pipes, 3 raw water ascending pipes, 4 raw water steam heaters, 5 cooling raw water discharging pipes, 6 raw water input pipes, 7 gravel abrasive settling tanks, 8 gravel abrasive raw water mixers, 9 injection water pumps, 10 inclined plates, 11 activated carbon filters, 12 scale settling tanks, 13 scale slurry pumps, 14 multi-medium filters, 15 scale slurry pipes, 16 plain boiled water filters, 17 raw water pumps, 18 intermediate water tanks, 19 raw water tanks, 20 raw water supply pipes, 21 plain boiled water outlet pipes, 22 plain boiled water pumps, 23 decarburization fans, 24 steam heater steam supply pipes, 25 plain boiled water raw water pipes, 26 water-sand mixers, and 27 water-sand mixing water tanks.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1:
raw water enters a raw water tank 19 through a valve F6 and a raw water feed pipe 20, the raw water in the raw water tank 19 enters a multi-media filter 14 through a valve F7, a raw water pump 17 and a valve F8, the raw water filtered by the multi-media filter 14 enters an activated carbon filter 11 through a valve F9, the raw water filtered by the activated carbon filter 11 enters a raw water gravel abrasive jet mixer 8 through a valve F10, a pressure water pump 9 and a valve F11, and the effluent water passing through the raw water gravel abrasive jet mixer 8 enters the vertical heat exchanger 1 through a pipeline 6.
The raw water is heated and rises, enters the next-stage heat exchanger along the raw water descending pipe 2 after reaching the top end of the heat exchanger and is continuously heated until entering the raw water steam heater 4, the raw water in the raw water steam heater 4 is heated by the steam supply pipe 24 of the water steam heater through a valve F1, the water is heated to a set temperature, is discharged along the drainage ascending pipe 3 after being kept for 3 minutes, enters the heat release side of the heat exchanger 1 for heat release and falls, then enters the next-stage heat exchanger 1 for heat release and falls through the drainage ascending pipe 3 until entering the gravel abrasive settling pond 7 through the cooling white boiled water discharge pipe 5.
The boiled water mixed with the grit abrasive enters a sedimentation tank 7, and the grit abrasive in the boiled water is precipitated and separated out, and then enters a raw water grit abrasive jet mixer 8 through a valve F5 to be mixed, so that circulation is realized. The boiled water with the sand and the abrasive precipitated out enters the water and enters the scale deposit tank 12 through the inclined plate 10, and the scale slurry is discharged through the valve F4, the scale slurry pump 13 and the scale slurry pipe 14; the water in the scale deposit tank 12 enters the plain boiled water filter 16, after being filtered, the water enters the decarbonizer 23 through the valve F2 and the plain boiled water raw water pipe 25 for decarbonization, the decarbonized plain boiled water enters the intermediate water tank 18, and the plain boiled water is supplied through the valve F3, the plain boiled water pump 22 and the plain boiled water outlet pipe 21.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 2:
raw water enters a raw water tank 19 through a raw water feed pipe 20 and a valve F6, raw water in the raw water tank 19 enters a multi-media filter 14 through a valve F7, a raw water pump 17 and a valve F8, raw water filtered by the multi-media filter 14 enters an activated carbon filter 11 through a valve F9, raw water filtered by the activated carbon filter 11 enters a water-sand mixed water tank 27 through a valve F10, a water-sand mixer 26 is arranged in the water-sand mixed water tank 27, water in the water tank is stirred and mixed by the water-sand mixer 26, and then the mixed water enters the heat exchanger 1 through a valve F11, a spray water pump and the valve F12 to be used as water supplement of the vertical heat exchanger 1.
The raw water is heated, heated and rises to the top end of the vertical heat exchanger, enters the next-stage heat exchanger along the raw water downcomer 2 to be continuously heated until entering the raw water steam heater 4, the raw water in the raw water steam heater 4 is heated by the steam supply pipe 24 of the water steam heater through the valve F1, the water is heated to a set temperature, is discharged along the drainage riser 3 after being kept for 3 minutes, enters the heat exchanger 1 to be discharged, is discharged and falls at the heat release side, and then enters the next-stage heat exchanger 1 through the drainage riser 3 to be discharged and falls until entering the gravel abrasive settling pond 7 through the cooling plain boiled water discharge pipe 5.
The boiled water mixed with the grit abrasive enters the sedimentation tank 7, after the grit abrasive in the boiled water is precipitated and separated out, the raw water filtered by the activated carbon filter 11 enters the water-sand mixed water tank 27 through a valve F10, the water-sand mixed water tank 27 is internally provided with a water-sand mixer 26, the water-sand mixer 26 is used for stirring and mixing the water in the water tank, and then the mixed water enters the heat exchanger 1 through a valve F11, a jet water pump and a valve F12, so that circulation is realized. The boiled water with the sand and abrasive precipitated enters the water and enters the scale deposit tank 12 through the inclined plate 10, and the scale slurry is discharged through the valve F4, the scale slurry pump 13 and the scale slurry pipe 14. The water in the scale deposit tank 12 enters the plain boiled water filter 16, after being filtered, the water enters the decarbonizer 23 through the valve F2 and the plain boiled water raw water pipe 25 for decarbonization, the decarbonized plain boiled water enters the intermediate water tank 18, and the plain boiled water is supplied through the valve F3, the plain boiled water pump 22 and the plain boiled water outlet pipe 21.
Example 3: as shown in fig. 3:
the heat exchanger is a horizontal heat exchanger, the connecting pipeline is a downstream series pipeline, and the others are the same as the figure 1.
Example 4: as shown in fig. 4:
the heat exchanger is a horizontal heat exchanger, the connecting pipeline is a downstream series pipeline, and the others are equal to the figure 2.
Claims (10)
1. A raw water heating and hard water removal treatment device comprises a raw water pretreatment device, a water supply device, a heat exchange device, a final stage heating device, a separation and precipitation device, a filtering device and an exhaust device, and is characterized in that; the raw water pretreatment device comprises coarse filtration and active carbon filtration; the raw water treated by the pretreatment device is pumped out by a water pump under pressure, mixed with gravel abrasive by an ejector or mixed with gravel abrasive by the raw water and then input to the heating side of the multistage vertical heat exchanger at a set flow rate through the water pump; heating raw water from a natural initial temperature to a set temperature, and then heating the water to 110-125 ℃ by a final-stage heater for 3-10 minutes; the calcium bicarbonate and the magnesium bicarbonate in the raw water are heated to generate decomposition reaction, and calcium carbonate precipitate, magnesium carbonate precipitate and carbonic acid are generated; the sodium carbonate and the salts such as calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and the like in the water generate chemical reaction to generate calcium carbonate precipitate and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrate; sodium carbonate reacts with magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride and magnesium nitrate in water to generate magnesium carbonate precipitate and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrate; in the heat exchange process, calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate are decomposed to generate calcium carbonate precipitates and magnesium carbonate precipitates, namely water scales, which are accumulated on the heat exchange surface of the vertical heat exchanger, so that the heat exchange efficiency is seriously influenced;
Ca(HCO3)2 = CaCO3↓ +CO2↑ +H2O
Mg(HCO3)2= MgCO3+H2O+ CO2↑
the sodium carbonate and the salts such as calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and the like in the water generate chemical reaction to generate calcium carbonate precipitate and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrate;
Na2CO3+CaSO4= CaCO3↓+ Na2SO4
Na2CO3+CaCl2= CaCO3↓+2NaCl
Na2CO3+Ca(NO3)2= CaCO3↓+2NaNO3
sodium carbonate reacts with magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride and magnesium nitrate in water to generate magnesium carbonate precipitate and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrate;
MgSO4+Na2CO3= MgCO3↓+Na2SO4
MgCl2 + Na2CO3 = MgCO3↓ + 2NaCl
Mg(NO3)2+Na2CO3=MgCO3↓+2NaNO3
in order to solve the problem of scaling of the heat exchange surface of the vertical heat exchanger, a grit grinding material is added into raw water, so that the grit grinding material in the water and scale on the pipe wall of the vertical heat exchanger generate friction, and the scale is ground down; the grinded scale is used as a crystal nucleus, so that calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate generated by decomposing calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate by heating can be rapidly crystallized and grown, suspended substances of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate are separated out and act on the scale on the wall of the heat exchange tube together with a gravel grinding material, the scale on the wall of the tube is ground down by the friction between the gravel grinding material and the wall of the tube, and the tube wall is kept clean;
the working pressure of the whole system is provided by an initial water supply pump, and the pressure applied by the water pump is larger than or equal to the corresponding water boiling temperature pressure; the whole system is a pressure bearing system, partial reduction of the system pressure is realized after water passes through a filter, and the pressure of the whole device is controlled by a valve arranged at the tail end; the raw water is exhausted to remove carbon dioxide gas in the raw water, and the water outlet exhaust device is arranged behind the tail end valve;
the multistage heat exchangers are arranged in a vertical mode, the top of each group of vertical heat exchangers is provided with at least one heating underwater guide pipe connected from the bottom of the top, and at least one cooling water upper guide pipe connected with the end of each group of vertical heat exchangers; the pipe orifice of the heating up underwater guide pipe of the upper-stage vertical heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet pipe orifice of the heating up water guide pipe of the lower-stage vertical heat exchanger, the pipe orifice of the cooling down water guide pipe connected to the end head of the upper-stage vertical heat exchanger is connected with the water inlet pipe orifice of the heat releasing and cooling down underwater guide pipe of the lower-stage vertical heat exchanger, and by analogy, a series pipeline for heating up cold water, guiding down to the top and then heating up and connecting the cold water with the cold water of the lower-stage heat exchanger is formed; then, heating the water to 110-125 ℃ by a final-stage heater, and keeping the temperature for 3-10 minutes; the heat-released hot water is discharged from the top and is output to a hot water heat-releasing descending pipe cluster of which the end is upwards connected with a pipe connected with the hot water on the top, and the temperature difference of each group of heat exchange pipe clusters is set to be about 6-35 ℃ for operation, so that the counter-flow heat exchange between the cold water and the hot water is formed;
the heat exchange tube in the vertical heat exchanger is a glass tube, or a high borosilicate glass tube; the heat exchange tube is a metal tube, a stainless steel tube, a titanium tube, a copper tube, an aluminum tube or an aluminum alloy tube;
the raw water at the heating side of the multistage vertical heat exchanger is heated step by step to realize the natural initial temperature of the raw water from the inlet water, and the raw water is heated by the multistage vertical heat exchanger and the final-stage heater until the raw water is heated to the set temperature required by the raw water; because the final heating is to make up for the heat transfer temperature difference of about 6-35 ℃ needed by the two sides of the vertical heat exchanger, the heat needed by the heat exchange temperature difference for supplementing water is very little; then, the hot water passes through the cooling side of the vertical heat exchanger, and is cooled from 110 ℃ to 125 ℃ to a proper set temperature; the temperature of the cold water is raised and the water density is reduced by the vertical heat exchanger, so that natural rising circulation power is formed, the water density is increased when the temperature of the water is reduced, natural falling circulation power is formed, and a circulation path for descending the temperature-reduced water step by step is formed;
heating calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate in the heated raw water to generate decomposition reaction to generate calcium carbonate precipitate, magnesium carbonate precipitate, carbon dioxide and water; the raw water which is heated and generates chemical decomposition reaction is cooled through a vertical heat exchanger; then, the grit grinding material and the scale deposit are separated by a grit grinding material scale separation precipitator; the specific gravity of the sand gravel abrasive is high, the sand gravel abrasive is precipitated firstly, the precipitated sand gravel abrasive is injected into cold water to be heated through a pipeline jet mixer or a water pump, the sand gravel abrasive forms circulation, and scale is precipitated subsequently; inputting the water separated and clarified from the scale into a filtering device, filtering and purifying the water, filtering the purified water, removing calcium and magnesium precipitates in the water, filtering the water through a filter, removing calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate precipitates in raw water, precipitating the filtered raw water, eliminating temporary hardness and permanent hardness in the water, and softening the water; exhausting the raw water through a deaerator to remove carbon dioxide gas in the water and enable the raw water to become plain boiled water; the heat exchanger, the final heater, the pipeline and the outer wall of the valve of the raw water heating and hardness removing device are all provided with heat preservation layers.
2. A raw water heating and hard water removal treatment device comprises a raw water pretreatment device, a water supply device, a heat exchange device, a final stage heating device, a separation and precipitation device, a filtering device and an exhaust device, and is characterized in that; the raw water pretreatment device comprises coarse filtration and active carbon filtration; the raw water treated by the pretreatment device is pumped out by a water pump under pressure, mixed with gravel abrasive by an ejector or mixed with gravel abrasive by the raw water and then input to the heating side of the multistage horizontal heat exchanger at a set flow rate through the water pump; heating raw water from a natural initial temperature to a set temperature, and then heating the water to 110-125 ℃ by a final-stage heater for 3-10 minutes; the calcium bicarbonate and the magnesium bicarbonate in the raw water are heated to generate decomposition reaction, and calcium carbonate precipitate, magnesium carbonate precipitate and carbonic acid are generated; the sodium carbonate and the salts such as calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and the like in the water generate chemical reaction to generate calcium carbonate precipitate and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrate; sodium carbonate reacts with magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride and magnesium nitrate in water to generate magnesium carbonate precipitate and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrate; in the heat exchange process, calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate are decomposed to generate calcium carbonate precipitates and magnesium carbonate precipitates, namely water scales, which are bonded on the heat exchange surface of the horizontal heat exchanger, so that the heat exchange efficiency is seriously influenced;
Ca(HCO3)2 = CaCO3↓ +CO2↑ +H2O
Mg(HCO3)2= MgCO3+H2O+ CO2↑
the sodium carbonate and the salts such as calcium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and the like in the water generate chemical reaction to generate calcium carbonate precipitate and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrate;
Na2CO3+CaSO4= CaCO3↓+ Na2SO4
Na2CO3+CaCl2= CaCO3↓+2NaCl
Na2CO3+Ca(NO3)2= CaCO3↓+2NaNO3
sodium carbonate reacts with magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride and magnesium nitrate in water to generate magnesium carbonate precipitate and sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium nitrate;
MgSO4+Na2CO3= MgCO3↓+Na2SO4
MgCl2 + Na2CO3 = MgCO3↓ + 2NaCl
Mg(NO3)2+Na2CO3=MgCO3↓+2NaNO3
in order to solve the problem of scaling of the heat exchange surface of the horizontal heat exchanger, a grit grinding material is added into raw water, so that the grit grinding material in the water and scale on the pipe wall of the horizontal heat exchanger generate friction, and the scale is ground down; the grinded scale is used as a crystal nucleus, so that calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate generated by decomposing calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate by heating can be rapidly crystallized and grown, suspended substances of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate are separated out and act on the scale on the wall of the heat exchange tube together with a gravel grinding material, the scale on the wall of the tube is ground down by the friction between the gravel grinding material and the wall of the tube, and the tube wall is kept clean;
the working pressure of the whole system is provided by an initial water pump, the pressure applied by the water pump is larger than or equal to the corresponding water boiling temperature pressure; the whole system is a pressure bearing system, partial reduction of the system pressure is realized after water passes through a filter, and the pressure of the whole device is controlled by a valve arranged at the tail end; the raw water is exhausted to remove carbon dioxide gas in the raw water, and the water outlet exhaust device is arranged behind the tail end valve;
the multi-stage heat exchanger is a horizontal shell-and-tube heat exchanger, or a tube-in-tube horizontal heat exchanger, and is arranged by being stacked up and down or arranged horizontally in a layered manner;
the multistage heat exchangers are arranged horizontally, and the end head of each stage of horizontal heat exchanger is provided with at least one serial connection pipe for connecting the end head with the next stage of temperature rising water and at least one serial connection pipe for connecting the side part of the end head with the next stage of temperature lowering water; the pipe orifice of the serial connection pipe for the temperature-rising water of the upper horizontal heat exchanger to be connected with the water inlet pipe orifice of the serial connection pipe for the temperature-rising water of the lower horizontal heat exchanger to be connected with the temperature-rising water of the lower horizontal heat exchanger, the pipe orifice of the serial connection pipe for the temperature-rising water of the upper horizontal heat exchanger to be connected with the water inlet pipe orifice of the serial connection pipe for the temperature-lowering water of the lower horizontal heat exchanger to be connected with the heat-releasing temperature-lowering water of the lower horizontal heat exchanger to be connected with the water inlet pipe orifice of the serial connection pipe for the temperature-lowering water of the lower horizontal heat exchanger to be connected with the cold water heat exchanger of the lower horizontal heat exchanger, and the like to form a cold water heat exchanger and then a serial pipeline connected with the cold water heat exchanger of the lower horizontal heat exchanger; then, heating the water to 110-125 ℃ by a final-stage heater, and keeping the temperature for 3-10 minutes; the heat-released hot water is released and output from the end, the temperature difference of each group of heat exchange tube clusters is set to be increased to about 6-35 ℃ for operation, and countercurrent heat exchange between cold water and hot water is formed;
the heat exchange tube in the horizontal heat exchanger is a glass tube, or a high borosilicate glass tube; the heat exchange tube is a metal tube, a stainless steel tube, a titanium tube, a copper tube, an aluminum tube or an aluminum alloy tube;
the raw water at the heating side of the multi-stage horizontal heat exchanger is heated step by step to realize the natural initial temperature of the raw water from the inlet water, and the raw water is heated by the multi-stage horizontal heat exchanger and the final-stage heater until the raw water is heated to the set temperature required by the raw water; because the final heating is used for compensating the heat transfer temperature difference of about 6-35 ℃ needed by the two sides of the horizontal heat exchanger, the heat needed by the heat exchange temperature difference for supplementing water is very little; then, the hot water passes through the cooling side of the horizontal heat exchanger, and is cooled from 110 ℃ to 125 ℃ to a proper set temperature; because the heated cold water is input from the end head side of the horizontal heat exchanger, the cooled hot water is output from the end head side of the horizontal heat exchanger;
the calcium bicarbonate and the magnesium bicarbonate in the heated raw water can generate decomposition reaction due to heating to generate calcium carbonate precipitate, magnesium carbonate precipitate, carbon dioxide and water; the raw water which is heated and generates chemical decomposition reaction is cooled through a horizontal heat exchanger; then, the grit grinding material and the scale deposit are separated by a grit grinding material scale separation precipitator; the specific gravity of the sand gravel abrasive is high, the sand gravel abrasive is precipitated firstly, the precipitated sand gravel abrasive is injected into cold water to be heated through a pipeline jet mixer or a water pump, the sand gravel abrasive forms circulation, and scale is precipitated subsequently; inputting the water separated and clarified from the scale into a filtering device, filtering and purifying the water, filtering the purified water, removing calcium and magnesium precipitates in the water, filtering the water through a filter, removing calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate precipitates in raw water, precipitating the filtered raw water, eliminating temporary hardness and permanent hardness in the water, and softening the water; exhausting the raw water through a deaerator to remove carbon dioxide gas in the water and make the raw water become plain boiled water; the heat exchanger, the final heater, the pipeline and the outer wall of the valve of the raw water heating and hardness removing device are all provided with heat preservation layers.
3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the heat source of the final heater is a water vapor heater arranged at the bottom of the final heater and directly injects water vapor into water for direct heating; the temperature of the heated water reaches 110-125 ℃, and the heated water is kept for 3-10 minutes.
4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the heat source of the final heater is arranged at the bottom of the final heater and comprises water vapor heat exchanger heating, electric heater heating, electrode heater heating, fuel gas heater heating, solar water heater heating and microwave heater heating; the temperature of the mixture is up to 110-125 ℃, and the mixture is kept for 3-10 minutes.
5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the gravel abrasive comprises quartz sand, carborundum and corundum.
6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the grit abrasive water jet mixer sprays raw water and sucks the grit abrasive water slurry mixture.
7. The apparatus for treating raw water by heating to remove water as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the gravel grinding material and the raw water are stirred by a stirrer, pumped by a water pump and enters a raw water heating and hardness removing device.
8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the gravel abrasive scale separation and precipitation filter is of a three-section structure, the first section is a gravel abrasive precipitation section, the second section is a scale precipitation section, an inclined plate is arranged at the upper part of the scale precipitation section, and the third section is a water filtering section; the grit abrasive is deposited in the form of a mixed water slurry, which is connected to the jet mixer through a pipe valve.
9. The apparatus for treating raw water by heating to remove water as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the gravel abrasive scale separation and precipitation filter is of a three-section structure, the first section is a gravel abrasive precipitation section, the second section is a scale precipitation section, an inclined plate is arranged at the upper part of the scale precipitation section, and the third section is a water filtering section; the gravel abrasive sediment is connected with a raw water tank provided with a stirrer through a pipeline valve in the form of mixed water slurry, and is pumped out through a water pump and enters a raw water heating and hardness removing device.
10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the heat exchange tubes of the vertical heat exchanger and the horizontal heat exchanger are aluminum tubes or aluminum alloy tubes, the aluminum tubes or the aluminum alloy tubes can chemically react with oxygen in water to generate hard aluminum oxide film layers, the film layers can be regenerated after being abraded, the heat exchange efficiency is high, the mechanical performance is stable, the price is moderate, the aluminum tubes or the aluminum alloy tubes are good options of the vertical heat exchanger, the aluminum tubes or the aluminum alloy tubes can be produced through extrusion, the surfaces of the aluminum tubes or the aluminum alloy tubes can be made to be provided with inner and outer heat exchange fins, and the heat exchange area of water is increased.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011424189.9A CN114604980A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Raw water heating and hard water removing treatment device |
| PCT/CN2020/137841 WO2022120926A1 (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-20 | Raw water heating and hard water removal treatment apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011424189.9A CN114604980A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Raw water heating and hard water removing treatment device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114604980A true CN114604980A (en) | 2022-06-10 |
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| CN202011424189.9A Pending CN114604980A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Raw water heating and hard water removing treatment device |
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| CN (1) | CN114604980A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022120926A1 (en) |
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| CN117053421A (en) * | 2023-09-06 | 2023-11-14 | 吉林省信佳新能源技术服务有限公司 | Solar superconducting heat pipe and use method thereof |
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| WO2022120926A1 (en) | 2022-06-16 |
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