CN114604407A - Automatic rudder device for ice region - Google Patents

Automatic rudder device for ice region Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114604407A
CN114604407A CN202210176033.6A CN202210176033A CN114604407A CN 114604407 A CN114604407 A CN 114604407A CN 202210176033 A CN202210176033 A CN 202210176033A CN 114604407 A CN114604407 A CN 114604407A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
rudder
blade
rudder blade
shaft
telescopic shaft
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Granted
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CN202210176033.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114604407B (en
Inventor
陈悦
赵新飞
谢仪
朱姣姣
崇健斌
王明星
芮鑫
王荣青
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN202210176033.6A priority Critical patent/CN114604407B/en
Publication of CN114604407A publication Critical patent/CN114604407A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
    • B63H25/38—Rudders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
    • B63H25/08—Steering gear
    • B63H25/14—Steering gear power assisted; power driven, i.e. using steering engine
    • B63H25/18—Transmitting of movement of initiating means to steering engine
    • B63H25/22—Transmitting of movement of initiating means to steering engine by fluid means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic rudder device for ice regions, which comprises an upper rudder blade, a connecting shaft, a rudder cabin, a telescopic shaft and a lower rudder blade, wherein the upper rudder blade is movably connected with the rudder blade through the connecting shaft, the upper rudder blade is fixedly connected with the rudder shaft, the rudder shaft is connected with the rudder cabin, the rudder cabin is arranged in the tail part of a ship body, the rudder shaft is movably connected with the telescopic shaft, and the telescopic shaft is fixedly connected with the lower rudder blade. The invention is provided with the rudder engine room to change the ship course, does not need to be adjusted by personnel and has high automation efficiency; the ice breaking device is provided with the thin-blade-shaped rudder blade and the lower rudder blade, and can break ice in an ice region navigation environment by swinging the rudder blade and the lower rudder blade; in the invention, the upper rudder blade, the telescopic shaft and other parts in a cavity shape are arranged, so that the telescopic shaft can be automatically contracted into the rudder shaft when touching the bottom in a shallow water navigation environment, the risk of collision and damage of the rudder and the reef is prevented, and the maintenance cost of the rudder is saved.

Description

Automatic rudder device for ice region
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ships, in particular to an automatic rudder device for an ice region.
Background
The rudder equipment is the main equipment for operating the ship, has the functions of keeping the required course of the ship, changing the original course or performing rotary motion, and is mostly circular-wheel-shaped and positioned at the stern and needs to be controlled by personnel. Generally, the ship is a single rudder, but in order to improve the steering performance of the ship, double rudders or multiple rudders can be provided. When the ship sails from a deep water area to a shallow water area, the bottom of the rudder is easily damaged by reefs in the shallow water area. And few rudders suitable for the ice region navigation environment exist in China, and are easy to collide with floating ice to generate damage.
The patent publication No. CN 110254677A, entitled novel ice-breaking rudder based on Magnus effect, provides a novel ice-breaking rudder based on Magnus effect. This novel rudder that opens ice includes two inside and outside cylinders, and two coaxial arrangements of cylinder utilize the key-type connection on interior cylinder surface together, guarantee to drive outer cylinder rotation by interior cylinder, and the rotation of interior cylinder is driven by the motor and can realize interior cylinder clockwise or anticlockwise rotation. The motor is arranged in the stern cabin and is connected with the inner cylinder through a universal joint, and a linear bearing is additionally arranged at the part of the inner cylinder extending to the universal joint so as to increase the structural strength. In the patent, the icebreaking rudder column is adopted to achieve the icebreaking effect, but the icebreaking rudder cannot change the ship course, and is easy to damage in a shallow water area.
The patent publication number is CN112124550A, the name is "an automatic ship steering engine", the invention patent provides an automatic ship steering engine, relates to the technical field of ship equipment, and comprises a steering engine body and a rudder blade, wherein the steering engine body is arranged at the tail part of a sailing ship, and a containing space which penetrates through the steering engine body up and down is arranged in the steering engine body; the rudder blade can be vertically slidably arranged in the accommodating space in a penetrating mode, two ends of the rudder blade penetrate out of the steering engine body, and the protruding part of the upper end of the rudder blade is provided with a stop structure. This patent is that the rudder blade that utilizes can slide from top to bottom avoids the rudder blade to damage, but this rudder ship machine needs to adopt driving system to make the rudder blade slide from top to bottom, and can't break ice.
The patent publication No. CN204846345U, entitled "easy dismouting rudder" of variable utility model provides a rudder of variable easy dismouting, including rudder blade, rudderstock, vice rudder shaft, wing flap and connecting rod, is provided with steel sheet, pneumatic cylinder and oil-submersible pump in the lower part of rudder blade, and oil-submersible pump and pneumatic cylinder pass through electric control valve and pipe connection and form the hydraulic control system that the control steel sheet is flexible; the rudder blade comprises a rudder blade body and a rudder blade cover, and the rudder stock, the auxiliary rudder shaft and the connecting rod are positioned in an area covered by the rudder blade cover. What this patent was solved is the great problem of steering torque, and is quick detachable, nevertheless can't be applicable to the ice district navigation, simultaneously, is easily damaged in shallow water district, unable automatically regulated course.
Patent publication is CN211196579U, and the name is "can lift up sail rudder"'s utility model patent provides a can lift up sail rudder, sail rudder includes steering wheel, rudder blade and rudderstock, the steering wheel is installed in the stern, install the rudder blade through running through the connecting axle connection on the steering wheel, the rudder blade top is equipped with the connecting axle, the other end and the rudderstock of connecting axle are connected, and the recess of steering wheel top is passed to the rudderstock other end, the recess both sides are equipped with fixed slot and lower fixed slot respectively for it is fixed with the pin joint on the rudderstock. This patent simple structure can dismantle, lifts rudder blade through pulling rudderstock, nevertheless can't be applicable to the ice district navigation, and is difficult for changing boats and ships course.
The utility model discloses a patent publication is CN210235299U, and the name is "a novel rudder"'s utility model patent relates to rudder technical field, including rudder blade, the drive shaft mounting hole has been seted up at rudder blade's top, and the top of drive shaft mounting hole passes through bolt fixedly connected with top cap, bolt fixedly connected with seals lid is passed through to one side of rudder blade, the base is installed to one side of rudder blade, and passes through bolt fixedly connected with fixed plate in one side of base, the iron sheet is installed to one side of fixed plate, bolt fixedly connected with first axle bed is passed through at rudder blade's top, and the second axle bed is installed to rudder blade's bottom, the drive shaft is installed to one side of first axle bed. This patent comes the adjustment rudder blade equilibrium through the drive shaft, blocks anterior object through the iron sheet, reduces the resistance, but the device is not applicable to ice district and shallow water navigation, and is difficult for changing the navigation, and automatic inefficiency.
Based on the technical scheme, the invention designs the automatic rudder device for the ice region.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic rudder device in an ice region, aiming at the defects in the prior art, the device changes the course of a ship by controlling the rotation of a rudder shaft through hydraulic oil, does not need to be adjusted by personnel, has high automation efficiency, can break ice, can automatically stretch out and draw back when touching the bottom, and saves the maintenance cost of the rudder.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an automatic rudder device in ice district, includes rudder blade, rudder sword, connecting axle, commentaries on classics rudder axle, rudder cabin, telescopic shaft and rudder blade down, go up rudder blade and rudder sword and use connecting axle swing joint, go up rudder blade and commentaries on classics rudder axle fixed connection, the commentaries on classics rudder axle is connected with the rudder cabin, the rudder cabin sets up in the hull afterbody, commentaries on classics rudder axle and telescopic shaft swing joint, telescopic shaft and rudder blade fixed connection down.
The upper rudder blade is plate-shaped, and the rudder blade and the lower rudder blade are sheet-shaped. When the ship sails in the ice region, the upper rudder blade is movably connected with the rudder blade through the connecting shaft, the steering shaft is movably connected with the telescopic shaft, and the rudder blade and the lower rudder blade swing to achieve the ice breaking effect.
Further, the rudder cabin mainly comprises the left cabin body, the right cabin body, the upper gear piston strip, the lower gear piston strip, the piston, the gear, the front oil port and the rear oil port, the one end of the rotary rudder shaft is fixedly matched with the gear, the gear is meshed with the upper gear piston strip and the lower gear piston strip, the pistons are arranged at the two ends of the upper gear piston strip and the lower gear piston strip, the upper gear piston strip is fixedly connected with the left cabin body, the lower gear piston strip is fixedly connected with the right cabin body, and the front oil port and the rear oil port are both provided with hydraulic oil.
Wherein, the commentaries on classics rudder axle realizes rotating by the rudder cabin: when the course of the ship needs to be changed, hydraulic oil is introduced into an oil port at one end, the piston of the left cabin body and the piston of the right cabin body move, the gear is driven by the gear piston to rotate, and therefore the steering shaft rotates.
Furthermore, the steering shaft is connected with the steering engine room in a sealing mode through a sealing ring.
Further, a balancing weight is arranged below the telescopic shaft.
Further, a rubber pad is arranged below the balancing weight.
Wherein, the effect of balancing weight is when the telescopic shaft no longer touches the end, because the action of gravity can make the telescopic shaft stretch out, the effect of rubber pad prevents that the telescopic shaft from touching the end and damaging.
Furthermore, the steering shaft and the telescopic shaft are in up-and-down movable fit.
Furthermore, the upper rudder blade is of a plate-shaped structure with a hollow interior, and the size of the inner cavity of the upper rudder blade is set to be the size capable of accommodating the lower rudder blade.
The telescopic shaft bottom can be retracted into the steering shaft, and the lower rudder blade is retracted into the cavity of the upper rudder blade.
Furthermore, three sets of steering shafts, telescopic shafts, upper rudder blades and lower rudder blades are arranged, and the steering shafts, the telescopic shafts, the upper rudder blades and the lower rudder blades are used for improving the ship maneuverability.
Furthermore, the tip of rudder blade and lower rudder blade is thickening stainless steel material, is thin sword form, wherein, the tip is the rudder blade of thin sword form and can improve the efficiency of opening ice with lower rudder blade.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the rudder cabin is arranged to control hydraulic oil to drive the rudder shaft to rotate, the ship course is changed by changing the directions of the upper rudder blade and the lower rudder blade, personnel adjustment is not needed, and the automation efficiency is high;
2. according to the ice breaking device, the thin-blade-shaped rudder blade and the lower rudder blade are arranged, so that ice can be broken by swinging the rudder blade and the lower rudder blade in an ice region sailing environment;
3. in the invention, the upper rudder blade, the telescopic shaft, the balancing weight and other parts in a cavity shape are arranged, so that the telescopic shaft can automatically retract into the rudder shaft when touching the bottom in a shallow water navigation environment, the risk of collision and damage of the rudder and the reef is prevented, and the maintenance cost of the rudder is saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an automatic rudder device for ice regions according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of an ice bank automated rudder device according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the upper and lower rudder blades and the rudder blade according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rudder nacelle according to the present invention.
Wherein, 1 is the rudder blade, 2 is the rudder blade, 3 is the connecting axle, 4 is the rudder axle, 5 is the rudder cabin, 6 is the sealing washer, 7 is the hull, 8 is the telescopic shaft, 9 is the lower rudder blade, 10 is the balancing weight, 11 is the rubber pad, 12 is the left cabin body, 13 is the right cabin body, 14 is last gear piston strip, 15 is lower gear piston strip, 16 is the piston, 17 is the gear, 18 is preceding hydraulic fluid port, 19 is the back hydraulic fluid port, 20 is hydraulic oil.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the ice area automatic rudder device of the present invention includes an upper rudder blade 1, a rudder blade 2, a connecting shaft 3, a rudder turning shaft 4, a rudder cabin 5, a telescopic shaft 8 and a lower rudder blade 9, wherein the upper rudder blade 1 is movably connected to the rudder blade 2 by the connecting shaft 3, the upper rudder blade 1 is fixedly connected to the rudder turning shaft 4, the rudder turning shaft 4 is hermetically connected to the rudder cabin 5 by a sealing ring 6, the rudder cabin 5 is disposed in the tail of a hull 7, the rudder turning shaft 4 is movably connected to the telescopic shaft 8, the telescopic shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the lower rudder blade 9, a weight block 10 is disposed below the telescopic shaft 8, and a rubber pad 11 is disposed below the weight block 10.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the steering shaft 4 and the telescopic shaft 8 are in movable fit up and down, and the upper steering vane 1 is in a cavity shape. The upper rudder blade 1 is of a plate-shaped structure with a hollow inner part, and the rudder blade 2 and the lower rudder blade 9 are of sheet-shaped structures.
The steering shafts 4, the telescopic shafts 8, the upper rudder blades 1 and the lower rudder blades 9 are respectively provided with three groups, so that the ship maneuverability is improved.
The end parts of the rudder blade 2 and the lower rudder blade 9 are made of thickened stainless steel materials and are thin blades.
As shown in fig. 4, the rudder nacelle 5 mainly comprises a left nacelle 12, a right nacelle 13, an upper gear piston bar 14, a lower gear piston bar 15, a piston 16, a gear 17, a front oil port 18 and a rear oil port 19. The one end and the gear 17 fixed coordination of commentaries on classics rudder shaft 4, gear 17 and last gear piston strip 14, lower gear piston strip 15 are meshing each other, the both ends of going up gear piston strip 14, lower gear piston strip 15 all are provided with piston 16, go up gear piston strip 14 and the left cabin body 12 fixed connection, lower gear piston strip 15 and the right cabin body 13 fixed connection, preceding hydraulic fluid port 18, back hydraulic fluid port 19 all can let in hydraulic oil 20.
The automatic rudder device for the ice region provided by the invention has the following working process:
when the ship is in an ice region sailing environment, according to the required course of the ship, hydraulic oil 20 is controlled to be introduced from the front oil port 18, the piston 16 of the left cabin body 12 moves backwards, the piston 16 of the right cabin body 13 moves forwards, the gear 17 is driven to rotate anticlockwise through the backward movement of the upper gear piston strip 14 and the forward movement of the lower gear piston strip 15, and the rudder shaft 4 rotates, so that the ship rudder rotates anticlockwise.
When the hydraulic oil 20 is reversely introduced from the rear oil port 19, the gear 17 rotates clockwise, thereby realizing the clockwise rotation of the rudder. And the ice breaking effect is achieved by the swinging of the lower rudder blade 9 and the rudder blade 2.
When a ship sails in a shallow water area, the rubber pad 11 at the bottom of the telescopic shaft 8 touches the bottom, the telescopic shaft 8 can automatically retract into the steering shaft 4, and the risk that the ship rudder and the reef are collided and damaged is avoided.
The invention is not the best known technology.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An automatic rudder device in ice district which characterized in that: including last rudder blade (1), rudder sword (2), connecting axle (3), commentaries on classics rudder axle (4), rudder cabin (5), telescopic shaft (8) and rudder blade (9) down, go up rudder blade (1) and rudder sword (2) and use connecting axle (3) swing joint, go up rudder blade (1) and commentaries on classics rudder axle (4) fixed connection, commentaries on classics rudder axle (4) are connected with rudder cabin (5), rudder cabin (5) set up in the afterbody of hull (7), commentaries on classics rudder axle (4) and telescopic shaft (8) swing joint, telescopic shaft (8) and rudder blade (9) fixed connection down.
2. The ice bank automated rudder apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the rudder engine room (5) mainly comprises a left engine room (12), a right engine room (13), an upper gear piston strip (14), a lower gear piston strip (15), a piston (16), a gear (17), a front oil port (18) and a rear oil port (19),
the one end and the gear (17) fixed coordination of commentaries on classics rudder shaft (4), gear (17) and last gear piston strip (14), lower gear piston strip (15) are meshing each other, the both ends of going up gear piston strip (14), lower gear piston strip (15) all are provided with piston (16), go up gear piston strip (14) and left cabin body (12) fixed connection, lower gear piston strip (15) and right cabin body (13) fixed connection, preceding hydraulic fluid port (18), back hydraulic fluid port (19) all can let in hydraulic oil (20).
3. The ice bank automated rudder apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the steering shaft (4) is hermetically connected with the steering engine room (5) through a sealing ring (6).
4. The ice bank automated rudder apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: a balancing weight (10) is arranged below the telescopic shaft (8).
5. The ice bank automated rudder unit according to claim 4, wherein: and a rubber pad (11) is arranged below the balancing weight (10).
6. The ice bank automated rudder apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the steering shaft (4) is in movable fit with the telescopic shaft (8) up and down.
7. The ice bank automated rudder apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the upper rudder blade (1) is of a plate-shaped structure with a hollow inner part, and the rudder blade (2) and the lower rudder blade (9) are of sheet-shaped structures.
8. The ice bank automated rudder apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the rudder rotating shaft (4), the telescopic shaft (8), the upper rudder blade (1) and the lower rudder blade (9) are respectively provided with three groups.
9. The ice bank automated rudder apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the end parts of the rudder blade (2) and the lower rudder blade (9) are made of thickened stainless steel materials and are thin blades.
CN202210176033.6A 2022-02-25 2022-02-25 Automatic rudder device for ice region Active CN114604407B (en)

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CN202210176033.6A CN114604407B (en) 2022-02-25 2022-02-25 Automatic rudder device for ice region

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210176033.6A CN114604407B (en) 2022-02-25 2022-02-25 Automatic rudder device for ice region

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CN114604407B CN114604407B (en) 2023-04-14

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS574499A (en) * 1980-06-06 1982-01-11 Kubota Ltd Rudder body construction in ship
DE8224245U1 (en) * 1982-08-27 1983-12-08 Jastram-Werke GmbH & Co KG, 2050 Hamburg RUDDER WITH A FIN HINGED ON THE RUDDER BLADE FOR SHIPS PROVIDING IN ICE HAZARDOUS AREAS
FR2649952A1 (en) * 1989-07-24 1991-01-25 Natali Noel Automatic pivoting retraction device for rudder blade or other submerged appendage of a craft
SU1731683A1 (en) * 1987-11-17 1992-05-07 Предприятие П/Я Г-4556 Steering device for ice-breakers
RU2111893C1 (en) * 1996-08-19 1998-05-27 Центральный научно-исследовательский институт им.акад.А.Н.Крылова Shipboard propulsion and steering complex
NL1015376C2 (en) * 2000-06-05 2001-12-10 Jongert B V Boat rudder with retractable telescopic extension for use in shallow water
KR20100009726A (en) * 2008-07-21 2010-01-29 삼성중공업 주식회사 Apparatus for controlling steering gear system of ice-breaker
KR20120097703A (en) * 2011-02-25 2012-09-05 삼성중공업 주식회사 Rudder for ship
CN104309772A (en) * 2014-11-12 2015-01-28 南通中远川崎船舶工程有限公司 Duck tail type stern icebreaking structure
CN206243431U (en) * 2016-12-02 2017-06-13 长兴大河造船有限公司 A kind of shipping rudder system structure

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS574499A (en) * 1980-06-06 1982-01-11 Kubota Ltd Rudder body construction in ship
DE8224245U1 (en) * 1982-08-27 1983-12-08 Jastram-Werke GmbH & Co KG, 2050 Hamburg RUDDER WITH A FIN HINGED ON THE RUDDER BLADE FOR SHIPS PROVIDING IN ICE HAZARDOUS AREAS
SU1731683A1 (en) * 1987-11-17 1992-05-07 Предприятие П/Я Г-4556 Steering device for ice-breakers
FR2649952A1 (en) * 1989-07-24 1991-01-25 Natali Noel Automatic pivoting retraction device for rudder blade or other submerged appendage of a craft
RU2111893C1 (en) * 1996-08-19 1998-05-27 Центральный научно-исследовательский институт им.акад.А.Н.Крылова Shipboard propulsion and steering complex
NL1015376C2 (en) * 2000-06-05 2001-12-10 Jongert B V Boat rudder with retractable telescopic extension for use in shallow water
KR20100009726A (en) * 2008-07-21 2010-01-29 삼성중공업 주식회사 Apparatus for controlling steering gear system of ice-breaker
KR20120097703A (en) * 2011-02-25 2012-09-05 삼성중공업 주식회사 Rudder for ship
CN104309772A (en) * 2014-11-12 2015-01-28 南通中远川崎船舶工程有限公司 Duck tail type stern icebreaking structure
CN206243431U (en) * 2016-12-02 2017-06-13 长兴大河造船有限公司 A kind of shipping rudder system structure

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