CN114593532A - High and cold area solar energy intensification heat-retaining heat transfer system fertile reactor - Google Patents
High and cold area solar energy intensification heat-retaining heat transfer system fertile reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN114593532A CN114593532A CN202011386627.7A CN202011386627A CN114593532A CN 114593532 A CN114593532 A CN 114593532A CN 202011386627 A CN202011386627 A CN 202011386627A CN 114593532 A CN114593532 A CN 114593532A
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- heat
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- heat storage
- bed layer
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QHFQAJHNDKBRBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium chloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] QHFQAJHNDKBRBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009440 infrastructure construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
- F24S60/10—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors using latent heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fertilizer preparation reactor with solar energy enhanced heat transfer and storage in alpine regions, which comprises: through hydraulic circulation, the solar heat collector supplies heat to the phase change heat storage bed layer of the reactor, and the heat storage bed layer releases the heat stored in the daytime at night, so that the purpose of heat supply of the reactor all day is achieved. The invention provides a phase change heat storage bed layer device for ensuring the effective operation of a dry toilet fertilizer preparation reactor in alpine regions, which comprises a connecting layer 1 at the top of a bed layer and the bottom of the reactor, a phase change material filling layer 2 and a heating coil 3 embedded in a phase change heat storage bed layer. During operation, the solar heat collector 4 heats water in the circulating pipeline, the circulating pump enables the water to circulate, and the phase change heat storage bed layer at the bottom is heated, so that the problem of operation limitation of the fertilizer preparation reactor in alpine regions is solved. The invention has the second innovation point that a high-thermal-conductivity medium is added into the phase-change heat storage bed layer, so that the heat transfer and storage performances of the phase-change heat storage bed layer are improved, and the heat supply requirement of the dry toilet reactor is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dry toilet reactor heat storage and CFD (computational fluid dynamics) numerical calculation, in particular to a device for effectively operating a dry toilet fertilizer preparation reactor in alpine regions.
Background
According to the data of Chinese statistics yearbook in 2019, the total number of urban population in China in 2018 is 83137 ten thousand, which accounts for 59.58% of the total population in China, the total number of rural population is 56401 ten thousand, which accounts for 40.42% of the total population in China. In the general urban and rural population, the population base of the village is still large, the toilet is still the key point as one of the infrastructure construction of the village, the infrastructure construction is continuously improved, and the basic requirements of the masses are met.
At present, for rural areas, the dry toilets are still the main toilet construction type, and the unbalanced limitation of regional economic development leads to lower construction perfection of the infrastructure of the rural areas, for example, a drainage system connected with urban sewage still presents a lower level of coverage rate in the rural areas, thus limiting the application development of the water toilets in the rural areas. And the dry latrine is a more suitable choice in the aspects of economy, resources, humanity and the like. Based on a plurality of research results in recent years, the use of the dry latrine can bring economic benefits to a certain degree, for example, water saving can be realized in arid areas, meanwhile, biogas generated by fermentation can be used for daily life of residents, and residual residues can be used as fertilizer sources generated in agriculture. However, in the case of alpine regions, the use of the dry latrine is limited by low temperature, which is ignored by many researchers, and it is of great significance to solve the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to effectively solve the problem that a dry latrine is influenced by low temperature limitation when running in an alpine region and obtain high-efficiency fertilizer production rate, the invention provides a solar energy enhanced heat storage and transfer fertilizer production reactor in the alpine region.
The invention provides a solar energy enhanced heat storage and transfer fertilizer preparation reactor in alpine regions, which comprises: a solar collector which collects solar energy in the daytime and supplies heat to the reactor through hydraulic circulation, thereby achieving a low energy consumption goal; the phase-change heat storage bed releases the heat stored in the daytime when the solar heat collector stops working at night, thereby achieving the purpose of all-weather heat supply. Under the design condition, the reactor is in a severe cold area, so that the fertilizer preparation condition is effectively met, and the fertilizer preparation efficiency is improved.
The invention has the first innovation point that a phase-change heat storage bed layer, which is a device for effectively operating a dry toilet fertilizer preparation reactor in alpine regions, is designed, and comprises a connecting layer 1 at the top of the bed layer and the bottom of the reactor, a filling column 2 filled with phase-change materials, a heating coil 3 embedded in the phase-change heat storage bed layer and a solar heat collector 4 at the top of a dry toilet building, wherein:
the connecting layer 1 between the top of the bed layer and the bottom of the reactor is of a concrete structure, and heat insulation layers are added on other wall surfaces except the connecting layer so as to reduce heat loss; the structural material of the packed column 2 filled with the phase-change material is a PVC pipe, the internal phase-change material is calcium chloride hexahydrate, the phase-change temperature point is relatively suitable, the phase-change latent heat value is large, and the packed column is more suitable to be used as a heat storage medium in alpine regions; the heating coil 3 is embedded in the phase change heat storage bed layer, the structural material is a PVC pipe, the pipe diameter is 30mm, and the heat transfer medium is water; the solar heat collector 4 on the top of the dry toilet building is a vacuum heat collecting pipe, and the heat efficiency is relatively high. The device better solves the problem that the dry latrine runs all day long in the alpine region.
The invention has the second innovation point that a heat transfer enhancement method of the phase-change heat storage bed layer is provided, namely, a high-conductivity medium is added into the phase-change heat storage bed layer, so that the overall heat transfer and heat storage performance of the phase-change heat storage bed layer is improved, and the heat supply requirement of a dry toilet reactor is met.
Compared with the existing dry pail latrine construction type, the phase change heat storage bed layer of the reactor for making fertilizer in the dry pail latrine in the alpine region can well solve the problem of low-temperature limitation of the dry pail latrine reactor in the alpine region, and the main energy source for supplying heat to the dry pail latrine reactor is derived from solar energy, so that the building energy consumption is low, the reactor can be better applied to the region with low infrastructure perfection, the use experience of the dry pail latrine is improved, the popularization of the dry pail latrine use is facilitated, the water resource is saved, and the resource conversion of excrement is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dry toilet reactor system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a phase change heat transfer and storage bed calculation model of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of nanoparticle blend position on heat supply at different volume fractions;
reference numerals: 1. the top of the bed layer is connected with the bottom of the reactor, 2, a filling column filled with phase-change materials, 3, a heating coil embedded in the phase-change heat storage bed layer, and 4, a solar heat collector at the top of the dry toilet building.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Firstly, the solar heat collector collects solar energy in the daytime and supplies heat to the reactor through hydraulic circulation, so that the aim of low energy consumption is fulfilled; the phase-change heat storage bed releases the heat stored in the daytime when the solar heat collector stops working at night, thereby achieving the purpose of all-weather heat supply.
Secondly, through CFD calculation, a phase change heat storage bed layer is scientifically designed, the influence of the inlet speed and the inlet temperature of a heating coil is considered in the heat absorption process, and the influence of the inlet speed on the heat absorption process is relatively small and the influence of the inlet temperature on the heat absorption process is relatively large through the analysis of the calculation result of multiple working conditions, so that the outlet temperature of a solar heat collector is increased as much as possible in the initial heat charging of the phase change heat storage bed layer to reduce the heat charging time; in addition, the phase change heat storage bed layer obtained by simulating and calculating the dynamic processes of heat absorption and heat release under multiple working conditions cannot meet the heat consumption requirement of the septic tank reactor, and the heat consumption requirement is mainly caused by the low overall heat transfer performance of the phase change heat storage bed layer.
Finally, in order to meet the heat consumption requirement of the septic tank reactor, a high-conductivity medium is added into the phase-change heat storage bed layer to enhance heat transfer of the phase-change heat storage bed layer. The invention takes alumina particles as an example, and the alumina particles are embedded in a concrete layer to carry out enhanced heat transfer on a phase change heat storage bed layer. The heat transfer resistance value of the heat storage bed layer is from two aspects of phase-change materials and concrete filling layers, firstly, the mixing position of the nano particles is calculated and analyzed, and the result shows that the nano particles are mixed in the concrete filling layer and are better than the phase-change materials in the heat transfer enhancement effect, the volume fraction of the nano particles which can meet the heat consumption of the septic tank reactor is 0.4, and the heat transfer enhancement effect of the nano particles is obtained, so that the time length of the heat absorption process is reduced by 45-50% compared with the current situation without mixing of the nano particles.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a fertile reactor of severe cold district solar energy system which characterized in that, this fertile reactor of solar energy system includes: a solar collector which collects solar energy in the daytime and supplies heat to the reactor through hydraulic circulation, thereby achieving a low energy consumption goal; the heat transfer and storage phase change heat storage bed layer is enhanced, and when the solar heat collector stops working at night, the heat stored in the day is released, so that the purpose of all-weather heat supply is achieved.
2. Phase change heat storage bed, its characterized in that, this phase change heat storage bed includes: bed top and reactor bottom meet layer 1, be equipped with phase change material's packed column 2, embedded heating coil 3 in phase change heat-retaining bed, the solar collector 4 at dry latrine building top, wherein:
the connecting layer 1 between the top of the bed layer and the bottom of the reactor is of a concrete structure, and heat insulation layers are added on other wall surfaces except the connecting layer so as to reduce heat loss; the structural material of the packed column 2 filled with the phase-change material is a PVC pipe, the internal phase-change material is calcium chloride hexahydrate, the phase-change temperature point is relatively suitable, the phase-change latent heat value is large, and the packed column is relatively suitable to be used as a heat storage medium in alpine regions; the heating coil 3 is embedded in the phase change heat storage bed layer, the structural material is a PVC pipe, the pipe diameter is 30mm, and the heat transfer medium is water; the solar heat collector 4 on the top of the dry toilet building is a vacuum heat collecting pipe, and the heat efficiency is relatively high.
3. The heat transfer enhancement method of the phase-change heat storage bed layer is characterized in that the method considers that a high-conductivity medium is added into the phase-change heat storage bed layer, improves the overall heat transfer and heat storage performance of the phase-change heat storage bed layer, and meets the heat supply requirement of a dry toilet reactor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011386627.7A CN114593532A (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | High and cold area solar energy intensification heat-retaining heat transfer system fertile reactor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011386627.7A CN114593532A (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | High and cold area solar energy intensification heat-retaining heat transfer system fertile reactor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114593532A true CN114593532A (en) | 2022-06-07 |
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| CN202011386627.7A Pending CN114593532A (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | High and cold area solar energy intensification heat-retaining heat transfer system fertile reactor |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102322662A (en) * | 2011-07-23 | 2012-01-18 | 镇江新梦溪能源科技有限公司 | Solar heating box with heat storage function |
| US20140366536A1 (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2014-12-18 | Abengoa Solar Llc | High temperature thermal energy for grid storage and concentrated solar plant enhancement |
| CN107518634A (en) * | 2017-10-07 | 2017-12-29 | 王干 | A kind of energy-efficient cabinet of phase-change accumulation energy timesharing accumulation of heat |
| CN111297242A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-06-19 | 黄南州建筑设计院 | Public dry pail latrine of plateau severe cold farming-pasturing area ecological health |
| CN111500263A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-08-07 | 天津市城市规划设计研究院 | Phase-change heat storage concrete structure in severe cold area |
-
2020
- 2020-12-03 CN CN202011386627.7A patent/CN114593532A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102322662A (en) * | 2011-07-23 | 2012-01-18 | 镇江新梦溪能源科技有限公司 | Solar heating box with heat storage function |
| US20140366536A1 (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2014-12-18 | Abengoa Solar Llc | High temperature thermal energy for grid storage and concentrated solar plant enhancement |
| CN107518634A (en) * | 2017-10-07 | 2017-12-29 | 王干 | A kind of energy-efficient cabinet of phase-change accumulation energy timesharing accumulation of heat |
| CN111500263A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-08-07 | 天津市城市规划设计研究院 | Phase-change heat storage concrete structure in severe cold area |
| CN111297242A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-06-19 | 黄南州建筑设计院 | Public dry pail latrine of plateau severe cold farming-pasturing area ecological health |
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