CN114593022A - A wind turbine overspeed early warning method, device and wind turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an overspeed early warning method and device for a wind driven generator and a wind driven generator set. The overspeed early warning method for the wind driven generator comprises the following steps: calculating the real-time mechanical power of the wind driven generator; measuring real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind turbine; calculating a ratio of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power; and if the ratio exceeds a first preset range, judging that the overspeed risk exists. The wind driven generator overspeed early warning method, the wind driven generator overspeed early warning device and the wind driven generator set realize early warning of overspeed of the wind driven generator, and can send out overspeed early warning at the first time when overspeed is possibly caused, so that operation and maintenance personnel can take corresponding coping strategies, the unit can be quickly early warned without the rotating speed of the unit rising to an overspeed protection fixed value, and the damage of overspeed to the unit is reduced.

Description

A wind turbine overspeed early warning method, device and wind turbine

technical field

Embodiments of the present invention relate to power generation technologies, and in particular, to a wind turbine overspeed warning method, device, and wind turbine.

Background technique

Overspeed protection of wind turbines is one of the most concerned topics in the wind power industry, and has received long-term attention from technicians in the wind power industry.

In the overspeed protection process of the existing wind turbine, it is generally determined whether it is necessary to issue an overspeed warning or implement a rotation speed protection operation according to the relationship between the rotational speed of the wind turbine and the protection setting.

This method is essentially an after-the-fact protection, and an early warning or protection action must be issued only after the wind turbine rotational speed exceeds the protection set value. When such a post-event protection is issued an early warning or a protection operation is performed, the wind turbine is already in an overspeed operation state, such a post-event protection method has certain damage to the wind turbine, and the early warning action is slow to respond.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides an overspeed early warning method, device and wind power generator set for a wind power generator, so as to realize rapid early warning and reduce damage to the power set caused by overspeed.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an overspeed early warning method for a wind turbine. The wind turbine overspeed early warning method includes:

Calculate the real-time mechanical power of wind turbines;

measuring the real-time electromagnetic power produced by the wind turbine;

calculating the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power;

If the ratio exceeds the first preset range, it is determined that there is a risk of overspeeding.

Optionally, calculating the real-time mechanical power of the wind turbine includes:

Calculate the corresponding vector inflow wind speed according to the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade and the corresponding vector linear speed, wherein the vector inflow wind speed includes the inflow wind speed and the inflow angle;

Calculate the torque coefficient according to the lift coefficient, the drag coefficient and the inflow angle;

Calculate the real-time torque of the wind turbine according to the torque coefficient, air density, the inflow wind speed, the chord length of any position on the blade and the distance between any point on the blade and the center of rotation;

The real-time mechanical power is calculated from the real-time torque and the real-time rotational speed of the wind turbine.

Optionally, before calculating the corresponding vector inflow wind speed according to the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade and the corresponding vector linear speed, the method further includes:

collecting the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade;

Determine the vector linear velocity at any position in front of the wind turbine blade.

Optionally, collecting the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade includes:

The vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade measured in real time by a wind measuring radar is acquired, wherein the wind measuring radar includes a lidar and/or a sodar.

Optionally, determining the vector linear velocity at any position in front of the wind turbine blade, including:

obtaining the real-time rotational speed of the wind turbine;

Measure the relative distance from any position on the wind turbine blade to the center of rotation;

measuring the azimuth angle of the blade rotation plane of the wind turbine;

The vector linear velocity at any position of the blade is drawn according to the real-time rotational speed, the relative distance and the azimuth angle of the blade rotation plane.

Optionally, the wind turbine overspeed warning method further includes:

Under the condition that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced with each other, the pitch angle is controlled according to the original control command;

In the case that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced, different control commands are adopted for the pitch angle according to the different degrees of unbalance of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power.

Optionally, different control commands are used for the pitch angle, including:

dividing the part beyond the first preset range into a plurality of continuous preset intervals;

The degree of increase corresponding to the pitch angle is controlled according to the preset interval in which the ratio is located, wherein the increased degree is positively correlated with the maximum value of the preset interval in which the ratio is located.

Optionally, controlling the degree of increase corresponding to the pitch angle according to the preset interval in which the ratio is located, including:

Numbering the plurality of consecutive preset intervals in positive order;

According to the number of the preset interval in which the ratio is located, the degree of increase corresponding to the pitch angle is determined until the pitch angle is equal to 90 degrees, wherein the degree of increase of the pitch angle is equal to the product of the corresponding number and the preset degree.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention also provides an overspeed warning device for a wind turbine, the wind turbine overspeed warning device includes: a mechanical power calculation module, an electromagnetic power measurement module, a calculation module, a balance determination module, and an overspeed risk determination module The mechanical power calculation module is used to calculate the real-time mechanical power of the wind turbine; the electromagnetic power measurement module is used to measure the real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind turbine; the calculation module is used to calculate the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power The balance determination module is configured to determine that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced if the ratio exceeds the first preset range, otherwise determine that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are mutually balanced The overspeed risk determination module is used to determine that there is an overspeed risk if the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced, and if the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced, determine that there is no overspeed risk .

In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a wind turbine generator set, which includes any of the wind turbine overspeed warning devices and wind turbine generators described in the second aspect.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable the processor to implement any wind power generation in the first aspect when executed. Aircraft overspeed warning method.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

at least one processor; and

a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,

The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, the computer program being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform any of the wind powers of the first aspect Generator overspeed warning method.

In the wind turbine overspeed warning method, device, and wind turbine set provided by this embodiment, the real-time mechanical power of the wind turbine is first calculated and the real-time electromagnetic power of the wind turbine is collected, and then according to whether the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced To judge the risk of overspeed and give an early warning, the early warning of wind turbine overspeed is realized. When the speed of the wind turbine is low, there may be an imbalance. This imbalance will inevitably lead to excessive speed after a period of time. This method determines whether it is overspeeding according to the balance relationship between the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power, and the rotation speed of the wind turbine has not yet risen to the overspeed protection preset value during the early warning, which can ensure that the overspeed warning is issued at the first time that the overspeed may be caused, so as to prevent the operation of the wind turbine. Allow enough time for maintenance personnel to take corresponding countermeasures, so that the speed of the wind turbine does not rise to the overspeed protection value, and can be quickly warned and dealt with, which reduces the damage to the unit caused by overspeed, and can maximize the speed of the wind turbine. The maximum guarantee of personal and crew safety.

Description of drawings

1 is a flowchart of a method for early warning of a wind turbine overspeed provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a flowchart of another wind turbine overspeed warning method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a flowchart of another wind turbine overspeed warning method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a blade according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a flowchart of another wind turbine overspeed warning method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind turbine overspeed warning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of another wind turbine overspeed warning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of another wind turbine overspeed warning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of another wind turbine overspeed warning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

10 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. In addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, the drawings only show some but not all structures related to the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a wind turbine overspeed warning method, which can be executed by a wind turbine overspeed warning device, the device can be implemented by software and/or hardware, and the device can be integrated in a wind turbine. 1 is a flowchart of a wind turbine overspeed early warning method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, a wind turbine overspeed early warning method includes:

S101. Calculate the real-time mechanical power of the wind turbine.

Specifically, the real-time mechanical power can represent the physical quantity of the work speed in the process of converting the wind energy into mechanical energy by the wind turbine, which refers to the power that the wind acts on the main shaft through the blades of the wind turbine. The real-time mechanical power can be calculated according to the real-time wind field data in front of the wind turbine blades, the design data of the wind turbine and the real-time rotational speed, or according to the real-time wind field data in front of the wind turbine blades, the design data of the wind turbine and the real-time rotation speed of the wind turbine. The rotational speed is calculated by simulation software.

S102. Measure the real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind turbine.

Specifically, the real-time electromagnetic power can represent the physical quantity of the speed of work performed by the wind turbine in the process of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, and refers to the active power delivered by the wind turbine to the grid in real time. The real-time electromagnetic power can be collected by a power detection device. The power detection device can be arranged on the output line of the wind generator to measure the real-time electromagnetic power output by the wind generator in real time.

S103. If the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced, it is determined that there is an overspeed risk.

Specifically, the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are compared and it is judged whether the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are mutually balanced. Because the fundamental reason for the overspeed of the wind turbine is that the real-time mechanical power is greater than the real-time electromagnetic power for a long time, and the imbalance between the two powers means that the mechanical energy generated by the wind on the blades cannot be smoothly output in the form of electrical energy, and the long-term unbalanced state often With the overspeed of the wind turbine, the generator may be damaged, so the overspeed risk can be determined according to the balance between the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power. If there is an imbalance, it means that the real-time mechanical power is greater than the electromagnetic power and exceeds a certain proportion. At this time, the imbalance between the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power may further increase. Therefore, it is determined that the wind turbine has an overspeed risk at this time and an overspeed warning is issued. . Exemplarily, judging whether the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced may be based on the relative relationship, difference or ratio between the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power, when the relative relationship is a preset relationship, and the absolute value of the difference is less than the first preset value. When the value or ratio is less than the second preset value, it can be determined that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced with each other, and there is no overspeed trend of the wind turbine at this time, otherwise the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced with each other, at this time the wind turbine There is a risk of speeding that requires an early warning.

The wind turbine overspeed warning method provided in this embodiment calculates the real-time mechanical power of the wind turbine and collects the real-time electromagnetic power of the wind turbine, and then judges the risk of overspeed according to whether the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced. Early warning, realizes the early warning of wind turbine overspeed. When the wind turbine speed is low, there may be an imbalance. This imbalance will inevitably lead to high speed after a period of time. This method is based on the real-time mechanical power and The balance relationship between the real-time electromagnetic power determines whether it is overspeeding. During the early warning, the speed of the wind turbine has not yet risen to the preset value of overspeed protection, which can ensure that an overspeed warning is issued at the first time that overspeed is likely to occur, leaving enough space for the operation and maintenance personnel to deal with it. Time, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can take corresponding countermeasures, so that the speed of the wind turbine does not rise to the overspeed protection value, and can quickly give an early warning and deal with it, reduce the damage caused by overspeed to the generator set, and ensure the safety of people and the generator set to the greatest extent.

2 is a flowchart of another wind turbine overspeed early warning method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2 , the wind turbine overspeed early warning method includes:

S201. Calculate the real-time mechanical power of the wind turbine.

S202. Measure the real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind turbine.

The contents of steps S201 and S202 are respectively the same as those of steps S101 and S102, and are not repeated here.

S203, calculating the ratio of real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power.

Specifically, the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power can be obtained by comparing the real-time power value with the corresponding real-time electromagnetic power value. Because the wind turbine has a certain loss in the process of power generation, the ratio of real-time mechanical power to real-time electromagnetic power is generally slightly greater than 1 under normal working conditions.

S204. If the ratio exceeds the first preset range, determine that there is an overspeed risk.

Specifically, if the ratio exceeds the first preset range, it is determined that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced. The first preset range is a value range preset according to the power generation efficiency or historical records of the wind turbine, and the upper limit of the first preset range can be set to the maximum ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power under the normal working state of the wind turbine. The value, for example, the first preset range may be less than or equal to 1.2. If the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power exceeds the first preset range, it indicates that the real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power of the wind turbine are unbalanced. The way can include sound and light alarm and vibration alarm. On the other hand, if the ratio is within the first preset range, it is determined that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced with each other. If the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power is within the first preset range, it indicates that the real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power of the wind turbine are in balance with each other, and there is no risk of overspeeding of the wind turbine at this time.

The wind turbine overspeed warning method provided in this embodiment calculates the real-time mechanical power of the wind turbine and collects the real-time electromagnetic power of the wind turbine, and then judges the overspeed risk according to the ratio of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power and performs an early warning. The early warning of wind turbine overspeed can issue an overspeed warning at the first time that overspeed may be caused, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can take corresponding countermeasures, so that the speed of the unit does not rise to the overspeed protection set value. Injuries to the crew can also ensure the safety of people and the crew to the greatest extent possible.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another wind turbine overspeed warning method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a blade provided by an embodiment of the present invention. With reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the wind turbine overspeed warning Methods include:

S301. Calculate the corresponding vector inflow wind speed according to the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade and the corresponding vector linear speed.

可以计算出叶片任意位置的矢量入流风速，其中，

为叶片任意位置的矢量入流风速，

为对应位置的矢量风速，

为对应位置的矢量线速度。Specifically, the vector inflow wind speed includes the inflow wind speed and the inflow angle. There is a relative speed between the airflow and the blade, and the angle formed by this relative speed and the rotation plane is the inflow angle. When calculating the vector inflow wind speed, it is first necessary to collect the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade. Exemplarily, the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade can be obtained by measuring the wind measurement radar. Wind-measuring radar may include wind-measuring lidar and/or wind-measuring sound radar. Wind-measuring lidar can use laser transceivers to emit laser light and collect echo information scattered by particles in the air around wind turbines, and then analyze and calculate these parameters. The measurement data can directly obtain high-resolution, high-precision real-time 3D wind field data. The wind sound radar uses a phased sound array, which can calculate wind data by using the Doppler effect of turbulent backscattered sound waves, and can detect wind speed data at various locations around the wind turbine. The wind measuring radar is installed in front of the wind turbine, and the wind measuring radar can measure and record the vector wind speed (including wind speed and wind direction) at any position in front of the wind turbine blade in real time. The rotational speed sensor can measure the real-time rotational speed of the wind turbine. By referring to the basic design parameters of the wind turbine or real-time measurement, the distance from any position on the blade to the rotation center and the azimuth angle of the blade rotation plane can be obtained. The azimuth angle of the blade rotation plane is the spatial orientation of the blade rotation plane, such as south 30° east. According to the real-time rotational speed of the wind turbine, the distance from any position on the blade to the rotation center and the azimuth angle of the blade rotation plane, the vector linear velocity at any position of the blade can be drawn. According to the first formula

The vector inflow wind speed at any position of the blade can be calculated, where,

is the vector inflow wind speed at any position of the blade,

is the vector wind speed at the corresponding location,

is the linear velocity of the vector at the corresponding position.

S302. Calculate the torque coefficient according to the lift coefficient, the drag coefficient and the inflow angle.

计算叶片在展向任意方向的攻角，其中，α为攻角，指气流与叶片的相对速度与叶片弦长的夹角，

为入流角，β为安装角。根据风力发电机的风洞试验可以得到升力系数随攻角变化的曲线和阻力系数随攻角变化的曲线，根据升力系数随攻角变化的曲线、阻力系数随攻角变化的曲线和计算所得攻角α，可以得到所需升力系数和阻力系数。最后可以根据第三公式

计算转矩系数，其中，C_Q为叶片上任意位置的转矩系数，C_A为对应位置的升力系数，C_W为对应位置的阻力系数，

为入流角。Specifically, first, according to the design drawing of the wind turbine blade, the twist angle between the chord at each position of the blade in the spanwise direction and the rotation plane can be consulted or calculated under the condition that the blade pitch angle is zero. The installation angle β of each position in the spanwise direction of the blade = pitch angle + twist angle, so the corresponding installation angle β can be calculated according to the torsion angle. The installation angle β of the blade refers to the angle between the chord length of the blade and the rotation plane. . Furthermore, according to the second formula

Calculate the angle of attack of the blade in any direction in the spanwise direction, where α is the angle of attack, which refers to the angle between the relative velocity of the airflow and the blade and the chord length of the blade,

is the inflow angle, and β is the installation angle. According to the wind tunnel test of the wind turbine, the curve of the lift coefficient with the angle of attack and the curve of the drag coefficient with the angle of attack can be obtained. Angle α, the required lift coefficient and drag coefficient can be obtained. Finally, according to the third formula

Calculate the torque coefficient, where C _Q is the torque coefficient at any position on the blade, C _A is the lift coefficient at the corresponding position, C _W is the drag coefficient at the corresponding position,

is the inflow angle.

S303. Calculate the real-time torque of the wind turbine according to the torque coefficient, air density, inflow wind speed, the chord length of any position on the blade and the distance between any point on the blade and the center of rotation.

计算积分，可以计算出风力发电机的实时转矩，其中，ρ是空气密度，c是入流风速，x为风对叶片的作用点处的弦长，r是风对叶片的作用点距离叶片旋转中心的距离，可以根据风力发电机叶片的设计图纸查阅得到。Specifically, the air density at the location of the wind turbine is first determined, and then the torque coefficient, air density, inflow wind speed, chord length at any position on the blade and the distance between any point on the blade and the center of rotation are brought into the fourth formula

By calculating the integral, the real-time torque of the wind turbine can be calculated, where ρ is the air density, c is the inflow wind speed, x is the chord length at the point where the wind acts on the blade, and r is the distance between the point where the wind acts on the blade and the blade rotation The distance from the center can be obtained according to the design drawings of wind turbine blades.

S304. Calculate the real-time mechanical power according to the real-time torque and the real-time rotational speed of the wind turbine.

Specifically, the real-time rotational angular velocity of the wind turbine can be obtained according to the real-time rotational speed of the wind turbine. Then the real-time torque and real-time rotational angular velocity are brought into the fifth formula P _M =Tω to calculate the real-time mechanical power of the wind turbine, where T is the real-time torque of the wind turbine, and ω is the real-time rotational angular velocity of the wind turbine .

S305. Measure the real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind turbine.

S306. Calculate the ratio of real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power.

S307. If the ratio exceeds the first preset range, determine that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced.

S308. Otherwise, determine that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced with each other.

Steps S305 , S306 , S307 and S308 are the same as steps S202 , S203 , S204 and S205 respectively, and are not repeated here.

In the wind turbine overspeed warning method provided in this embodiment, a wind measuring radar is installed in front of the wind turbine, the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade is measured and recorded in real time, and the lift coefficient and drag coefficient are obtained according to the experimental data of the wind tunnel test. The relationship between the angle of attack and the angle of attack, so as to calculate the real-time mechanical properties of the wind turbine according to the data measured by the wind measuring radar, the change curve obtained by the wind tunnel test, the basic data on the design drawings of the blade and multiple calculation formulas. It solves the problem that mechanical power is not easy to measure directly. The calculation data is provided by test and wind measurement radar, which improves the data accuracy of the wind turbine overspeed early warning method and further improves the reliability of the method.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of still another wind turbine overspeed warning method according to an embodiment of the present invention. 5, the wind turbine overspeed warning method includes:

S401. Calculate the real-time mechanical power of the wind turbine.

S402. Measure the real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind turbine.

S403, calculating the ratio of real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power.

S404. If the ratio exceeds the first preset range, determine that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced.

S405, otherwise, it is determined that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are mutually balanced.

Steps S401 , S402 , S403 , S404 and S405 are the same as steps S201 , S202 , S203 , S204 and S205 respectively, and will not be repeated here.

S406, under the condition that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are mutually balanced, control the pitch angle according to the original control command.

Specifically, if the real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power of the wind turbine are balanced with each other, it means that the wind turbine does not have an overspeed risk at this time, and the pitch angle only needs to be controlled according to the original control command. Exemplarily, if the pitch angle in the original control command is equal to 45 degrees, the pitch angle is directly controlled to be 45 degrees according to the original control command.

S407 , in the case that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced, adopt different control commands for the pitch angle according to the different degrees of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power unbalanced.

Specifically, the part beyond the first preset range is firstly divided into a plurality of continuous preset intervals (k ₀ , k ₁ ], (k ₁ , k ₂ ], . . . , (k _n-3 , k _{n -2} ], (k _n-1 , k _n ], where k ₀ is the maximum value of the first preset range, and k _n can be the maximum value of the ratio of real-time mechanical power to real-time electromagnetic power that occurs in multiple experiments , it can also be a preset value greater than the maximum value, and the value of each preset interval and the size of the interval can be set according to the operating parameters of the wind turbine. And then control according to the preset interval where the ratio of real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power is located Corresponding to the increased degree of the pitch angle, the increased degree is positively correlated with the maximum value of the preset interval in which the ratio is located. The pitch angle is increased proportionally according to the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power.

Exemplarily, firstly, the multiple consecutive preset intervals are numbered in positive order, and then the number of the corresponding pitch angle is determined according to the number of the preset interval where the ratio is located, until the pitch angle is equal to 90 degrees, wherein the pitch angle is equal to 90 degrees. The number of degrees added to the angle is equal to the product of the corresponding number and the preset number of degrees. In this way, the speed of the wind turbine generator can be quickly reduced, and it can play a role in rapid response and adjustment. The control strategy of the wind turbine overspeed warning is shown in Table 1, where P _M is the real-time mechanical power, _PE is the real-time electromagnetic power, δ is the degree of pitch angle increase, exemplarily, the degree of pitch angle increase δ Can be 5 degrees.

Table 1 Control strategy for wind turbine overspeed warning

Exemplarily, in the case where the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power exceeds the first preset range, the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced. Increase control of the pitch angle. If the ratio of real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power is between the interval (k ₁ , k ₂ ], add 2δ to the original control command of the pitch angle, and control the pitch angle to increase by 2δ. When the ratio of power is in the interval (k _n-1 , k _n ], the pitch angle is directly controlled to increase to 90 degrees, and the blade is in a feathered state at this time.

The wind turbine overspeed warning method provided in this embodiment determines whether power imbalance occurs according to the ratio of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power, and can issue an overspeed warning at the first time that the overspeed of the generator may be caused, and according to the mechanical power and electromagnetic power The proportion of the size of the appropriate action strategy to achieve rapid early warning and adjustment of the wind turbine overspeed, so that the wind turbine speed will not rise to the overspeed protection set value, reducing the damage to the unit caused by overspeed, and early warning, once the wind The protection measures of the generator refuse to move, which can buy time for the operation and maintenance personnel to take emergency measures, which can ensure the safety of people and units to the greatest extent, improve the reliability of the wind turbine, and prolong the life of the generator.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides an overspeed warning device for a wind turbine. FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind turbine overspeed warning device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 6 , the wind turbine overspeed warning device 600 includes: a mechanical power calculation module 601 , an electromagnetic power measurement module 602 and a risk judgment module 603 , the mechanical power calculation module 601 is used to calculate the real-time mechanical power of the wind turbine according to the basic parameters and environmental parameters of the wind turbine; the electromagnetic power measurement module 602 is used to measure the real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind turbine; the risk judgment module 603 is used to Determine if there is an overspeed risk based on real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power.

In the wind turbine overspeed warning device provided in this embodiment, the mechanical power calculation module calculates the real-time mechanical power of the wind turbine, the electromagnetic power measurement module collects the real-time electromagnetic power of the wind turbine, and then the risk judgment module calculates the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power according to the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power. Whether it is balanced to judge the overspeed risk and give an early warning, realize the early warning of the wind turbine overspeed, and can issue an overspeed warning at the first time that may cause overspeed, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can take corresponding countermeasures to make the speed of the generator set. It can give early warning without rising to the overspeed protection setting value, which reduces the damage to the unit caused by overspeed, and can also ensure the safety of personnel and the unit to the greatest extent.

Optionally, FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another wind turbine overspeed warning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 7 , the risk judgment module 603 includes a ratio calculation unit 701 , an imbalance judgment unit 702 and a balance judgment unit 703 , the ratio calculation unit 701 is used to calculate the ratio of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power; the unbalanced unit 702 is used to determine the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power imbalance when the ratio exceeds the first preset range; the balance judgment unit 703 It is used to determine that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are mutually balanced under the condition that the ratio does not exceed the first preset range.

In the wind turbine overspeed warning device provided in this embodiment, the ratio calculation unit calculates the ratio of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power of the wind turbine, and then the imbalance judgment unit can determine the overspeed risk according to the ratio of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power Early warning of wind turbine overspeed is realized, and an overspeed warning can be issued at the first time that overspeed may be caused, so that operation and maintenance personnel can take corresponding countermeasures, so that the speed of the unit will not rise to the overspeed protection value. Early warning reduces the damage to the crew caused by overspeed, and can also ensure the safety of both personal and crew to the greatest extent.

Optionally, FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another wind turbine overspeed warning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 8 , the mechanical power calculation module 601 includes: a vector inflow wind speed calculation unit 801 and a torque coefficient calculation unit 802 , the torque calculation unit 803 and the real-time mechanical power calculation unit 804, the vector inflow wind speed calculation unit 801 is used to calculate the corresponding vector inflow wind speed according to the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade and the corresponding vector linear speed, wherein, the vector inflow wind speed The wind speed includes the inflow wind speed and the inflow angle; the torque coefficient calculation unit 802 is used to calculate the torque coefficient according to the lift coefficient, the drag coefficient and the inflow angle; the torque calculation unit 803 is used to calculate the torque coefficient according to the torque coefficient, air density, inflow wind speed, blade The chord length at any position and the distance between any point on the blade and the rotation center calculate the real-time torque of the wind turbine; the real-time mechanical power calculation unit 804 is used to calculate the real-time mechanical power according to the real-time torque and the real-time rotational speed of the wind turbine.

The wind turbine overspeed warning device provided in this embodiment measures and records the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade in real time according to the wind measuring radar, and obtains the lift coefficient and drag coefficient according to the experimental data of the wind tunnel test and the angle of attack. Therefore, the real-time mechanical power of the wind turbine can be calculated according to the data measured by the wind measuring radar, the change curve obtained by the wind tunnel test, the basic data on the design drawings of the blade, and multiple calculation formulas. The calculated data is determined by the test. Provided with wind measuring radar, the data accuracy of the wind turbine overspeed early warning method is improved, and the reliability of the overspeed early warning device is further improved.

Optionally, FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another wind turbine overspeed warning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 9 , the wind turbine overspeed warning device 600 further includes a balance control module 901 and an unbalance control module 902. The balance control module 901 is used to control the pitch angle according to the original control command when the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are mutually balanced. The unbalance control module 902 is configured to adopt different control commands for the pitch angle according to different degrees of unbalance of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power when the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced. The unbalance control module 902 includes an interval dividing unit and a pitch angle control unit. The interval dividing unit is used to divide the part beyond the first preset range into a plurality of continuous preset intervals; The preset interval controls the degree of increase of the corresponding pitch angle, wherein the increased degree is positively correlated with the maximum value of the preset interval in which the ratio is located.

The wind turbine overspeed warning device provided in this embodiment judges whether there is power imbalance according to the ratio of real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power, and can issue an overspeed warning at the first time that may cause the generator to overspeed, and according to the mechanical power and electromagnetic power The proportion of the size of the corresponding action strategy to achieve rapid early warning and adjustment of the wind turbine overspeed, so that the wind turbine speed will not rise to the overspeed protection fixed value, can maximize the safety of personal and unit, improve the wind turbine's performance. reliability, extending generator life.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a wind power generator. 10 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 10 , a wind turbine 1001 includes: any of the aforementioned wind turbine overspeed warning devices 600 and a wind turbine 1002 .

Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable the processor to implement any of the foregoing wind turbine overspeed warning methods when executed.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device. FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 11 , the electronic device 1100 includes: at least one processor 1101 ; and a memory 1102 communicatively connected to the at least one processor 1101 ; There is a computer program executable by the at least one processor 1101, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor 1101 to enable the at least one processor 1101 to perform any of the aforementioned wind turbine overspeed warning methods.

The wind turbine overspeed warning method, device, wind turbine, computer-readable storage medium, and electronic equipment provided in this embodiment can determine whether power imbalance occurs according to the ratio of real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power, which may cause the overspeed of the turbine. At the first time, an overspeed warning is issued, and corresponding action strategies are taken according to the ratio of mechanical power to electromagnetic power, so as to realize rapid warning and adjustment of wind turbine overspeed. If this kind of imbalance persists for a period of time, it will inevitably lead to excessive rotation speed. This method determines whether it is overspeeding according to the balance between real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power. The rotation speed of the wind turbine has not yet risen to the overspeed protection preset value during the early warning. , it can ensure that an overspeed warning is issued at the first time that overspeed may be caused, leaving enough time for the operation and maintenance personnel to deal with it, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can take corresponding countermeasures, so that the speed of the wind turbine does not rise to the overspeed protection fixed value. It can quickly warn and deal with it, reduce the damage to the crew caused by overspeed, and ensure the safety of both personal and crew to the greatest extent.

Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, combinations and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can also include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention. The scope is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (12)

1. a wind turbine overspeed warning method, is characterized in that, comprises: Calculate the real-time mechanical power of wind turbines; measuring the real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind turbine; calculating the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power; If the ratio exceeds the first preset range, it is determined that there is a risk of overspeeding. 2. The wind turbine overspeed warning method according to claim 1, wherein calculating the real-time mechanical power of the wind turbine comprises: Calculate the corresponding vector inflow wind speed according to the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade and the corresponding vector linear speed, wherein the vector inflow wind speed includes the inflow wind speed and the inflow angle; Calculate the torque coefficient according to the lift coefficient, the drag coefficient and the inflow angle; Calculate the real-time torque of the wind turbine according to the torque coefficient, air density, the inflow wind speed, the chord length of any position on the blade and the distance between any point on the blade and the center of rotation; The real-time mechanical power is calculated from the real-time torque and the real-time rotational speed of the wind turbine. 3. The wind turbine overspeed warning method according to claim 2, characterized in that, before calculating the corresponding vector inflow wind speed according to the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade and the corresponding vector linear speed, it also comprises: collecting the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade; Determine the vector linear velocity at any position in front of the wind turbine blade. 4. The wind turbine overspeed warning method according to claim 3, wherein collecting the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade comprises: The vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade measured in real time by a wind measuring radar is acquired, wherein the wind measuring radar includes a lidar and/or a sodar. 5. The wind turbine overspeed warning method according to claim 3, wherein determining the vector linear velocity at any position in front of the wind turbine blade, comprising: obtaining the real-time rotational speed of the wind turbine; Measure the relative distance from any position on the wind turbine blade to the center of rotation; measuring the azimuth angle of the blade rotation plane of the wind turbine; The vector linear velocity at any position of the blade is drawn according to the real-time rotational speed, the relative distance and the azimuth angle of the blade rotation plane. 6. The wind turbine overspeed warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, further comprising: Under the condition that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced with each other, the pitch angle is controlled according to the original control command; In the case that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced, different control commands are adopted for the pitch angle according to different degrees of unbalance of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power. 7. The method for early warning of wind turbine overspeed according to claim 6, wherein different control commands are adopted for the pitch angle, comprising: dividing the part beyond the first preset range into a plurality of continuous preset intervals; The degree of increase corresponding to the pitch angle is controlled according to the preset interval in which the ratio is located, wherein the increased degree is positively correlated with the maximum value of the preset interval in which the ratio is located. 8 . The wind turbine overspeed warning method according to claim 7 , wherein, according to the preset interval in which the ratio is located, controlling the degree of increase corresponding to the pitch angle, comprising: 8 . Numbering a plurality of consecutive preset intervals in positive order; According to the number of the preset interval in which the ratio is located, the degree of increase corresponding to the pitch angle is determined until the pitch angle is equal to 90 degrees, wherein the degree of increase of the pitch angle is equal to the product of the corresponding number and the preset degree. 9. A wind turbine overspeed warning device, characterized in that, comprising: The mechanical power calculation module is used to calculate the real-time mechanical power of the wind turbine; an electromagnetic power measurement module for measuring the real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind turbine; a calculation module for calculating the ratio of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power; a balance determination module, configured to determine that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced if the ratio exceeds a first preset range, otherwise determine that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are mutually balanced; An overspeed risk determination module, configured to determine that there is an overspeed risk if the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced, and determine that there is no over-speed risk if the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced with each other . 10 . A wind turbine generator set, comprising: the wind turbine overspeed warning device according to claim 9 and a wind turbine generator. 11 . 11. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the method described in any one of claims 1-8 when executed. Wind turbine overspeed warning method. 12. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein, the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, the computer program being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform any one of claims 1-8 The wind turbine overspeed warning method is described.

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