CN114593022A - Wind driven generator overspeed early warning method and device and wind driven generator set - Google Patents
Wind driven generator overspeed early warning method and device and wind driven generator set Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/328—Blade pitch angle
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Abstract
The invention discloses an overspeed early warning method and device for a wind driven generator and a wind driven generator set. The overspeed early warning method for the wind driven generator comprises the following steps: calculating the real-time mechanical power of the wind driven generator; measuring real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind turbine; calculating a ratio of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power; and if the ratio exceeds a first preset range, judging that the overspeed risk exists. The wind driven generator overspeed early warning method, the wind driven generator overspeed early warning device and the wind driven generator set realize early warning of overspeed of the wind driven generator, and can send out overspeed early warning at the first time when overspeed is possibly caused, so that operation and maintenance personnel can take corresponding coping strategies, the unit can be quickly early warned without the rotating speed of the unit rising to an overspeed protection fixed value, and the damage of overspeed to the unit is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to a power generation technology, in particular to an overspeed early warning method and device for a wind driven generator and a wind driven generator set.
Background
Overspeed protection of wind generating sets is one of the most concerned subjects in the wind power industry, and is concerned by technicians in the wind power industry for a long time.
In the overspeed protection process of the existing wind generating set, whether overspeed early warning needs to be sent or rotating speed protection operation needs to be implemented is generally determined according to the relation between the rotating speed of a wind wheel and a protection fixed value.
The method is essentially a post-protection, and an early warning or a protection action is required to be sent out after the rotating speed of the wind generating set exceeds a protection fixed value. When the post protection gives out early warning or implements protection operation, the wind generating set is already in an overspeed running state, the post protection mode has certain damage to the wind generating set, and the early warning action is slow in response.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an overspeed early warning method and device for a wind driven generator and a wind driven generator set, which are used for realizing quick early warning and reducing damage of overspeed to the set.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wind turbine overspeed early warning method, where the wind turbine overspeed early warning method includes:
calculating the real-time mechanical power of the wind driven generator;
measuring real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind driven generator;
calculating a ratio of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power;
and if the ratio exceeds a first preset range, judging that the overspeed risk exists.
Optionally, calculating the real-time mechanical power of the wind turbine comprises:
calculating corresponding vector inflow wind speed according to the vector wind speed at any position in front of the blades of the wind driven generator and the corresponding vector linear speed, wherein the vector inflow wind speed comprises inflow wind speed and an inflow angle;
calculating a torque coefficient according to the lift coefficient, the resistance coefficient and the inflow angle;
calculating the real-time torque of the wind driven generator according to the torque coefficient, the air density, the inflow wind speed, the chord length of any position on the blade and the distance between any point on the blade and the rotation center;
and calculating the real-time mechanical power according to the real-time torque and the real-time rotating speed of the wind driven generator.
Optionally, before calculating a corresponding vector inflow wind speed according to the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade and the corresponding vector linear velocity, the method further includes:
acquiring the vector wind speed at any position in front of the blades of the wind driven generator;
and determining the linear vector speed of any position in front of the wind turbine blade.
Optionally, the acquiring the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind turbine blade comprises:
and acquiring the vector wind speed of any position in front of the wind driven generator blade measured by a wind measuring radar in real time, wherein the wind measuring radar comprises a laser radar and/or a sodar.
Optionally, determining the linear vector velocity of any position in front of the wind turbine blade comprises:
acquiring the real-time rotating speed of the wind generating set;
measuring the relative distance from any position on the wind driven generator blade to the rotation center;
measuring a blade rotation plane azimuth angle of the wind driven generator;
and drawing the vector linear velocity of any position of the blade according to the real-time rotating speed, the relative distance and the rotating plane azimuth angle of the blade.
Optionally, the wind turbine overspeed warning method further includes:
under the condition that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced mutually, controlling the pitch angle according to an original control command;
and under the condition that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced, according to different degrees of the imbalance of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power, adopting different control instructions for the pitch angle.
Optionally, different control instructions are applied to the pitch angle, including:
dividing the part which exceeds the first preset range into a plurality of continuous preset intervals;
and controlling the degree of increase of the corresponding pitch angle according to the preset interval in which the ratio is positioned, wherein the degree of increase is positively correlated with the maximum value of the preset interval in which the ratio is positioned.
Optionally, controlling the degree of increase of the corresponding pitch angle according to the preset interval in which the ratio is located includes:
sequentially numbering a plurality of continuous preset intervals according to a positive sequence;
and determining the degree of the increase of the corresponding pitch angle according to the number of the preset interval in which the ratio is positioned until the pitch angle is equal to 90 degrees, wherein the degree of the increase of the pitch angle is equal to the product of the corresponding number and the preset degree.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a wind turbine overspeed early-warning device, where the wind turbine overspeed early-warning device includes: the device comprises a mechanical power calculation module, an electromagnetic power measurement module, a calculation module, a balance judgment module and an overspeed risk judgment module; the mechanical power calculation module is used for calculating the real-time mechanical power of the wind driven generator; the electromagnetic power measurement module is used for measuring the real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind driven generator; the calculation module is used for calculating the ratio of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power; the balance judging module is used for determining that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced if the ratio exceeds a first preset range, and otherwise, determining that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced; the overspeed risk judging module is used for judging that overspeed risk exists if the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are not balanced, and judging that overspeed risk does not exist if the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced mutually.
In a third aspect, the invention further provides a wind turbine generator system, which includes any wind turbine generator overspeed early warning device and the wind turbine generator described in the second aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a processor to implement any of the wind turbine overspeed warning methods of the first aspect when executed.
In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes:
at least one processor; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the wind turbine overspeed warning method according to any of the first aspects.
The method, the device and the wind generating set for early warning the overspeed of the wind driven generator provided by the embodiment are characterized in that the real-time mechanical power of the wind driven generator is firstly calculated, the real-time electromagnetic power of the wind driven generator is collected, and then the overspeed risk is judged and early warning is carried out according to whether the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced or not, so that the early warning of the overspeed of the wind driven generator is realized, when the rotating speed of the wind driven generator is low, unbalance possibly occurs, the rotating speed is inevitably overhigh after the unbalance lasts for a period of time, the method determines whether the overspeed is overspeed or not according to the balance relation between the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power, the rotating speed of the wind driven generator is not increased to the overspeed protection preset value during early warning, the overspeed early warning can be sent out at the first time when the overspeed is possibly caused, enough time is reserved for operation and maintenance personnel to adopt corresponding coping strategies, the wind driven generator can be quickly pre-warned and processed without increasing the rotating speed to the overspeed protection fixed value, so that the damage of overspeed to the unit is reduced, and the safety of the human body and the unit can be ensured to the maximum extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an overspeed warning method for a wind turbine provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of another wind turbine overspeed warning method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a wind turbine overspeed warning method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a blade according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a wind turbine overspeed warning method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an overspeed warning device of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another overspeed warning device of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an overspeed warning device of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an overspeed warning device of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a wind turbine generator system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
The embodiment of the invention provides a wind driven generator overspeed early warning method, which can be executed by a wind driven generator overspeed early warning device, wherein the device can be realized by software and/or hardware, and the device can be integrated in a wind driven generator set. Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a wind turbine overspeed early warning method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1, the wind turbine overspeed early warning method includes:
s101, calculating real-time mechanical power of the wind driven generator.
Specifically, the real-time mechanical power may represent a physical quantity of how fast or slow the work is performed in the process of converting wind energy into mechanical energy by the wind turbine generator, and refers to a power of wind acting on the main shaft through the blades of the wind turbine generator. The real-time mechanical power can be calculated according to real-time wind field data in front of the blades of the wind driven generator, design data and real-time rotating speed of the wind driven generator, and can also be calculated by adopting simulation software according to the real-time wind field data in front of the blades of the wind driven generator, the design data and the real-time rotating speed of the wind driven generator.
S102, measuring real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind driven generator.
Specifically, the real-time electromagnetic power may represent a physical quantity of how fast or slow the wind turbine generator works in the process of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, and refers to an active power transmitted by the wind turbine generator to a power grid in real time. Real-time electromagnetic power may be collected using a power detection device. The power detection device can be arranged on an output line of the wind driven generator and measures the real-time electromagnetic power output by the wind driven generator in real time.
And S103, judging that overspeed risk exists if the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced.
Specifically, the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are compared and whether the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced with each other is judged. The root cause of overspeed of the wind generating set is that real-time mechanical power is larger than real-time electromagnetic power for a long time, mechanical energy generated on blades by wind power cannot be smoothly output in the form of electric energy due to unbalance between the two powers, and the overspeed risk can be determined according to whether real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power are balanced or not due to the fact that the generator is damaged as the wind generating set often goes overspeed along with the overspeed in an unbalanced state for a long time. If the real-time mechanical power is larger than the electromagnetic power by a certain proportion, the unbalance degree between the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power is further increased, and therefore the wind driven generator is judged to have overspeed risk and send out overspeed early warning. For example, whether the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced or not can be judged according to a relative relation, a difference value or a ratio of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power, when the relative relation is a preset relation, an absolute value of the difference value is smaller than a first preset value or the ratio is smaller than a second preset value, the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power can be determined to be balanced with each other, at the moment, the wind driven generator does not have an overspeed trend, otherwise, the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced with each other, and at the moment, the wind driven generator has an overspeed risk and needs to send an early warning.
The overspeed early warning method for the wind driven generator provided by the embodiment calculates the real-time mechanical power of the wind driven generator and acquires the real-time electromagnetic power of the wind driven generator, and further judges the overspeed risk and performs early warning according to whether the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced or not, so that the overspeed early warning is realized, when the rotating speed of the wind driven generator is low, unbalance possibly occurs, and the rotating speed is inevitably overhigh after the unbalance lasts for a period of time, the method determines whether the overspeed is overspeed or not according to the balance relation between the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power, the rotating speed of the wind driven generator is not increased to an overspeed protection preset value during the early warning, the overspeed early warning can be ensured to be sent out at the first time when the overspeed is possibly caused, enough time is reserved for the disposal of operation and maintenance personnel, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can adopt corresponding coping strategies, the wind driven generator can be quickly pre-warned and processed without increasing the rotating speed to the overspeed protection fixed value, so that the damage of overspeed to the unit is reduced, and the safety of the human body and the unit can be ensured to the maximum extent.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of another wind turbine overspeed early warning method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 2, the wind turbine overspeed early warning method includes:
s201, calculating the real-time mechanical power of the wind driven generator.
S202, measuring the real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind driven generator.
The contents of step S201 and step S202 are the same as those of step S101 and step S102, respectively, and are not described herein again.
And S203, calculating the ratio of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power.
Specifically, the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power can be obtained by comparing the real-time power value with the corresponding real-time electromagnetic power value. Because the wind driven generator has certain loss in the power generation process, the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power is generally slightly larger than 1 in a normal working state.
And S204, if the ratio exceeds a first preset range, judging that the overspeed risk exists.
Specifically, if the ratio exceeds a first preset range, the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are determined to be unbalanced. The first preset range is a numerical range preset according to the power generation efficiency or the history of the wind turbine generator, and the upper limit of the first preset range may be set to a maximum value of a ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power in a normal operating state of the wind turbine generator, and for example, the first preset range may be less than or equal to 1.2. If the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power exceeds a first preset range, the imbalance between the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power of the wind driven generator is indicated, at the moment, the wind driven generator has the risk of overspeed and sends out early warning, and the early warning mode can comprise sound-light warning and vibration warning. On the other hand, if the ratio is within a first preset range, the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are determined to be balanced with each other. The ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power is within a first preset range, which indicates that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power of the wind driven generator are balanced with each other, and at the moment, the wind driven generator does not have the risk of overspeed.
According to the overspeed early warning method for the wind driven generator, the real-time mechanical power of the wind driven generator is calculated, the real-time electromagnetic power of the wind driven generator is collected, the overspeed risk is judged according to the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power, early warning of overspeed of the wind driven generator is achieved, overspeed early warning can be sent out at the very first time when overspeed is possibly caused, operation and maintenance personnel can conveniently take corresponding coping strategies, quick early warning can be achieved without the rotating speed of the unit rising to an overspeed protection fixed value, damage of overspeed to the unit is reduced, and personal safety and unit safety can be guaranteed to the maximum extent.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of another wind turbine overspeed early warning method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a blade provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and with reference to fig. 3 and fig. 4, the wind turbine overspeed early warning method includes:
s301, calculating a corresponding vector inflow wind speed according to the vector wind speed at any position in front of the blade of the wind driven generator and the corresponding vector linear speed.
Specifically, the vector inflow wind speed comprises an inflow wind speed and an inflow angle, a relative speed exists between the airflow and the blade, and an included angle formed by the relative speed and a rotation plane is the inflow angle. In calculating the vector inflow wind speed, it is first required to collect the vector wind speed at any position in front of the blades of the wind driven generator, and for example, the vector wind speed at any position in front of the blades of the wind driven generator may be measured by a wind measuring radar. The wind measuring radar can comprise a wind measuring laser radar and/or a wind measuring sound radar, the wind measuring laser radar can utilize a laser receiving and transmitting device to emit laser and collect echo information of particle scattering in the air around the wind driven generator, and then the measurement data are analyzed and calculated to directly obtain high-resolution and high-precision real-time three-dimensional wind field data. The wind sounding radar adopts a phased acoustic array, can calculate wind data by using Doppler effect of turbulent backscattering sound waves, and can detect wind speed data of each position around the wind driven generator. The wind measuring radar is arranged in front of the wind driven generator, and can measure and record the vector wind speed (including wind speed and wind direction) of any position in front of the blades of the wind driven generator set in real time. The speed sensor can measure the real-time speed of the wind driven generator. The distance between any position on the blade and the rotation center and the rotation plane azimuth angle of the blade can be obtained by referring to the basic design parameters of the wind driven generator or measuring in real time, wherein the rotation plane azimuth angle of the blade isThe plane of rotation of the blades is oriented in space, e.g. 30 deg. south east. And the vector linear velocity of any position of the blade can be drawn according to the real-time rotating speed of the wind driven generator, the distance from any position on the blade to the rotating center and the rotating plane azimuth angle of the blade. According to a first formula
The vector inflow wind speed at any position of the blade can be calculated, wherein,
the vector inflow wind speed at any position of the blade,
is the vector wind speed for the corresponding location,
is the vector linear velocity of the corresponding position.
And S302, calculating a torque coefficient according to the lift coefficient, the resistance coefficient and the inflow angle.
Specifically, first, the torsional angle between the chord of the blade at each position in the span direction and the rotating plane can be consulted or calculated according to the design drawing of the wind turbine blade under the condition that the pitch angle of the blade is zero. And the installation angle beta of each position of the blade in the spanwise direction is equal to the pitch angle plus the torsion angle, so the degree of the corresponding installation angle beta can be calculated according to the torsion angle, wherein the installation angle beta of the blade refers to the included angle between the chord length of the blade and the rotating plane. Further, it can be according to a second formula
Calculating the attack angle of the blade in any direction in the spanwise direction, wherein alpha is the attack angle and refers to the included angle between the relative speed of the airflow and the blade and the chord length of the blade,
is the inflow angle and beta is the setting angle. According to the wind tunnel test of the wind driven generator, a curve of the lift coefficient changing along with the attack angle and a curve of the resistance coefficient changing along with the attack angle can be obtainedThe required lift coefficient and drag coefficient can be obtained by changing the curve according to the change of the lift coefficient along with the attack angle, the change of the drag coefficient along with the attack angle and the calculated attack angle alpha. Finally, it can be based on the third formula
Calculating a torque coefficient, wherein CQIs a torque coefficient of any position on the blade, CAAs lift coefficient of the corresponding position, CWAs a resistance coefficient of the corresponding position,
is the inflow angle.
And S303, calculating the real-time torque of the wind driven generator according to the torque coefficient, the air density, the inflow wind speed, the chord length of any position on the blade and the distance between any point on the blade and the rotation center.
Specifically, the air density of the position of the wind driven generator is determined, and then the torque coefficient, the air density, the inflow wind speed, the chord length of any position on the blade and the distance between any point on the blade and the rotation center are substituted into a fourth formula
And calculating an integral to calculate the real-time torque of the wind driven generator, wherein rho is the air density, c is the inflow wind speed, x is the chord length of the acting point of the wind on the blade, and r is the distance from the acting point of the wind on the blade to the rotation center of the blade, and the integral can be obtained by consulting the design drawing of the wind driven generator blade.
And S304, calculating real-time mechanical power according to the real-time torque and the real-time rotating speed of the wind driven generator.
Specifically, the real-time rotation angular velocity of the wind turbine can be obtained according to the real-time rotation speed of the wind turbine. Then the real-time torque and the real-time angular velocity are substituted into the fifth formula PMReal-time machine capable of calculating wind driven generator T omegaAnd power, wherein T is the real-time torque of the wind driven generator, and omega is the real-time rotation angular speed of the wind driven generator.
S305, measuring the real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind driven generator.
And S306, calculating the ratio of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power.
S307, if the ratio exceeds a first preset range, determining that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced.
And S308, otherwise, determining that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced mutually.
Steps S305, S306, S307 and S308 are the same as steps S202, S203, S204 and S205, respectively, and are not described herein again.
According to the overspeed early warning method for the wind driven generator, the wind measuring radar is installed in front of the wind driven generator, the vector wind speed of any position in front of the wind driven generator blade is measured and recorded in real time, the relation graph between the lift coefficient and the resistance coefficient and the attack angle is obtained according to the experimental data of the wind tunnel test, and therefore the real-time mechanical power of the wind driven generator is calculated according to the data measured by the wind measuring radar, the change curve obtained by the wind tunnel test, the basic data on the design drawing of the blade and a plurality of calculation formulas.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of another wind turbine overspeed warning method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, the wind turbine overspeed warning method includes:
s401, calculating the real-time mechanical power of the wind driven generator.
S402, measuring real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind driven generator.
And S403, calculating the ratio of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power.
S404, if the ratio exceeds a first preset range, determining that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced.
And S405, otherwise, determining that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced with each other.
Steps S401, S402, S403, S404 and S405 are the same as steps S201, S202, S203, S204 and S205, respectively, and are not described herein again.
And S406, controlling the pitch angle according to the original control command under the condition that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced mutually.
Specifically, if the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power of the wind driven generator are balanced with each other, it is indicated that the wind driven generator does not have an overspeed risk at this time, and at this time, the pitch angle only needs to be controlled according to the original control instruction. For example, if the pitch angle in the original control command is equal to 45 degrees, the pitch angle is controlled to 45 degrees directly according to the original control command.
And S407, under the condition that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced, adopting different control instructions for the pitch angle according to different degrees of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power.
Specifically, a portion exceeding a first preset range is first divided into a plurality of consecutive preset intervals (k)0,k1]，(k1,k2]，...，(kn-3,kn-2]，(kn-1,kn]Wherein k is0Is the maximum value of a first predetermined range, knThe maximum value of the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power appearing in multiple experiments can be set, the preset value larger than the maximum value can also be set, and the value of each preset interval and the size of the interval can be set according to the operation parameters of the wind generating set. And controlling the degree of the increase of the corresponding pitch angle according to a preset interval in which the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power is positioned, wherein the degree of the increase is positively correlated with the maximum value of the preset interval in which the ratio is positioned. The pitch angle is increased in direct proportion to the ratio of real-time mechanical power to real-time electromagnetic power.
Illustratively, a plurality of consecutive preset intervals are numbered sequentially in a positive order, and then the number of the corresponding pitch angle increase is determined according to the number of the preset interval in which the ratio is located until the pitch angle is equal to 90 degrees, wherein the pitch angle increase is equal to 90 degreesThe product of the corresponding number and the preset degree. The mode can rapidly reduce the rotating speed of the wind power generator, and the effects of rapid response and adjustment are achieved. The control strategy of the overspeed early warning of the wind driven generator is shown in the table 1, wherein PMFor real-time mechanical power, PEFor real-time electromagnetic power, δ is the degree of pitch angle increase, which may be, for example, 5 degrees.
TABLE 1 control strategy for overspeed warning of wind turbine
For example, when the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power exceeds the first preset range, the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced, and at this time, the pitch angle needs to be controlled to be increased according to an interval in which the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power is located. If the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power is in the interval (k)1,k2]And adding 2 delta to the original control instruction of the pitch angle, and controlling the pitch angle to increase by 2 delta. If the ratio of the real-time mechanical power to the real-time electromagnetic power is in the interval (k)n-1,kn]In between, the pitch angle is directly controlled to increase to 90 degrees, at which time the blade is in a feathered state.
According to the overspeed early warning method for the wind driven generator, whether power imbalance occurs or not is judged according to the ratio of real-time mechanical power to real-time electromagnetic power, overspeed early warning can be sent out at the first time when the unit overspeed is possibly caused, corresponding action strategies are adopted according to the proportion of the mechanical power to the electromagnetic power, and therefore the overspeed of the wind driven generator is quickly early warned and adjusted, the rotating speed of the wind driven generator cannot rise to an overspeed protection fixed value, damage of the overspeed to the unit is reduced, early warning is achieved at the same time, once the protection measures of the wind driven generator are refused, emergency treatment measures can be taken for operation and maintenance personnel to strive for time, the safety of the human body and the unit can be guaranteed to the maximum extent, the reliability of the wind driven generator is improved, and the service life of the generator is prolonged.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an overspeed early warning device for the wind driven generator. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an overspeed warning device of a wind turbine provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 6, the overspeed warning device 600 of a wind turbine includes: the system comprises a mechanical power calculation module 601, an electromagnetic power measurement module 602 and a risk judgment module 603, wherein the mechanical power calculation module 601 is used for calculating the real-time mechanical power of the wind driven generator according to the basic parameters and the environmental parameters of the wind driven generator; the electromagnetic power measurement module 602 is used for measuring the real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind driven generator; the risk judgment module 603 is configured to determine whether an overspeed risk exists according to the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power.
The wind driven generator overspeed early warning device provided by the embodiment, the mechanical power calculation module calculates the real-time mechanical power of the wind driven generator, the electromagnetic power measurement module collects the real-time electromagnetic power of the wind driven generator, and then whether the risk judgment module judges the overspeed risk and performs early warning according to the balance between the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power, the early warning of the overspeed of the wind driven generator is realized, the overspeed early warning can be sent out at the very first time when the overspeed is possibly caused, so that operation and maintenance personnel can take corresponding coping strategies, the quick early warning can be realized without the rotating speed of the unit rising to the overspeed protection fixed value, the damage of the overspeed to the unit is reduced, and the personal safety and the unit safety can be ensured to the maximum extent.
Optionally, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another overspeed early warning device of a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 7, a risk judgment module 603 includes a ratio calculation unit 701, an imbalance judgment unit 702, and a balance judgment unit 703, where the ratio calculation unit 701 is configured to calculate a ratio between real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power; the imbalance unit 702 is configured to determine that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced if the ratio exceeds a first preset range; the balance determination unit 703 is configured to determine that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced with each other when the ratio does not exceed a first preset range.
The aerogenerator overspeed early warning device that this embodiment provided, ratio calculation unit calculates aerogenerator's real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power's ratio, and then unbalanced judgement unit can judge the overspeed risk according to real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power's ratio and carry out the early warning, aerogenerator overspeed early warning has been realized, can send the overspeed early warning at the very first time that probably causes the overspeed, so that fortune dimension personnel take corresponding counter-measure, make the rotational speed of unit unlikely to rise to overspeed protection definite value just can quick early warning, the injury of overspeed to the unit has been reduced, can also furthest guarantee people's health and unit safety.
Optionally, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another wind turbine overspeed warning apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 8, the mechanical power calculation module 601 includes: the wind power generation system comprises a vector inflow wind speed calculation unit 801, a torque coefficient calculation unit 802, a torque calculation unit 803 and a real-time mechanical power calculation unit 804, wherein the vector inflow wind speed calculation unit 801 is used for calculating a corresponding vector inflow wind speed according to the vector wind speed at any position in front of a wind turbine blade and a corresponding vector linear speed, and the vector inflow wind speed comprises an inflow wind speed and an inflow angle; the torque coefficient calculation unit 802 is configured to calculate a torque coefficient according to the lift coefficient, the drag coefficient, and the inflow angle; the torque calculation unit 803 is used for calculating the real-time torque of the wind driven generator according to the torque coefficient, the air density, the inflow wind speed, the chord length of any position on the blade and the distance between any point on the blade and the rotation center; the real-time mechanical power calculation unit 804 is configured to calculate the real-time mechanical power according to the real-time torque and the real-time rotational speed of the wind turbine.
According to the overspeed early warning device for the wind driven generator, the vector wind speed of any position in front of the blades of the wind driven generator set is measured and recorded in real time according to the wind measuring radar, the relationship graph between the lift coefficient and the resistance coefficient and the attack angle is obtained according to the experimental data of the wind tunnel test, so that the real-time mechanical power of the wind driven generator is calculated according to the data measured by the wind measuring radar, the change curve obtained by the wind tunnel test, the basic data on the design drawing of the blades and a plurality of calculation formulas, the calculation data is provided by the test and the wind measuring radar, the data accuracy of the overspeed early warning method for the wind driven generator is improved, and the reliability of the overspeed early warning device is further improved.
Optionally, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another wind turbine overspeed early warning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 9, the wind turbine overspeed early warning device 600 further includes a balance control module 901 and an imbalance control module 902, where the balance control module 901 is configured to control a pitch angle according to an original control command when the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced with each other. The imbalance control module 902 is configured to, under the condition that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are not balanced, adopt different control instructions for the pitch angle according to different degrees of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power. The unbalance control module 902 includes an interval dividing unit for dividing a portion exceeding a first preset range into a plurality of consecutive preset intervals, and a pitch angle control unit; the pitch angle control unit is used for controlling the degree of the increase of the corresponding pitch angle according to the preset interval in which the ratio is positioned, wherein the degree of the increase is positively correlated with the maximum value of the preset interval in which the ratio is positioned.
The overspeed early warning device for the wind driven generator provided by the embodiment judges whether power imbalance occurs according to the ratio of real-time mechanical power to real-time electromagnetic power, can send out overspeed early warning at the first time when the unit is possibly overspeed, and adopts a corresponding action strategy according to the proportion of the mechanical power to the electromagnetic power, so that the overspeed quick early warning and adjustment of the wind driven generator are realized, the rotating speed of the wind driven generator cannot rise to an overspeed protection fixed value, the personal safety and the unit safety can be ensured to the maximum extent, the reliability of the wind driven generator is improved, and the service life of the generator is prolonged.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a wind generating set. Fig. 10 is a schematic composition diagram of a wind turbine generator system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 10, a wind turbine generator system 1001 includes: any of the wind turbine overspeed warning apparatus 600 and wind turbine 1002 described above.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing a processor to implement any of the aforementioned wind turbine overspeed warning methods when executed.
The embodiment of the invention also provides the electronic equipment. Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 11, the electronic device 1100 includes: at least one processor 1101; and a memory 1102 communicatively coupled to the at least one processor 1101; wherein memory 1102 stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor 1101, the computer program being executable by the at least one processor 1101 to enable the at least one processor 1101 to perform any of the wind turbine overspeed warning methods described above.
The overspeed early warning method, the overspeed early warning device, the wind generating set, the computer readable storage medium and the electronic equipment of the wind driven generator provided by the embodiment judge whether power imbalance occurs according to the ratio of real-time mechanical power and real-time electromagnetic power, can send out overspeed early warning at the first time when the set overspeed is possibly caused, and adopt corresponding action strategies according to the proportion of the mechanical power and the electromagnetic power, so as to realize the rapid early warning and adjustment of the overspeed of the wind driven generator, when the rotating speed of the wind driven generator is lower, the possibility that imbalance occurs, which inevitably causes the over-high rotating speed after the imbalance lasts for a period of time, the method determines whether the overspeed is caused according to the balance relation between the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power, the rotating speed of the wind driven generator is not increased to the overspeed protection preset value during early warning, and can ensure that the overspeed early warning is sent at the first time when the overspeed is possibly caused, enough time is reserved for handling operation and maintenance personnel so that the operation and maintenance personnel can adopt corresponding coping strategies, the rotating speed of the wind driven generator can be quickly early warned and processed without rising to an overspeed protection fixed value, damage to a unit caused by overspeed is reduced, and personal safety and unit safety can be guaranteed to the maximum extent.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious modifications, rearrangements, combinations and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. An overspeed early warning method for a wind driven generator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
calculating the real-time mechanical power of the wind driven generator;
measuring real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind turbine;
calculating a ratio of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power;
and if the ratio exceeds a first preset range, judging that the overspeed risk exists.
2. The wind turbine overspeed warning method according to claim 1, wherein calculating real-time mechanical power of said wind turbine comprises:
calculating corresponding vector inflow wind speed according to the vector wind speed at any position in front of the blades of the wind driven generator and the corresponding vector linear speed, wherein the vector inflow wind speed comprises inflow wind speed and an inflow angle;
calculating a torque coefficient according to the lift coefficient, the resistance coefficient and the inflow angle;
calculating the real-time torque of the wind driven generator according to the torque coefficient, the air density, the inflow wind speed, the chord length of any position on the blade and the distance between any point on the blade and the rotation center;
and calculating the real-time mechanical power according to the real-time torque and the real-time rotating speed of the wind driven generator.
3. The overspeed early warning method for wind power generator according to claim 2, wherein before calculating the corresponding vector inflow wind speed according to the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind power generator blade and the corresponding vector linear velocity, the method further comprises:
acquiring the vector wind speed at any position in front of the blades of the wind driven generator;
and determining the linear vector speed of any position in front of the wind turbine blade.
4. The method for warning overspeed of a wind power generator according to claim 3, wherein collecting the vector wind speed at any position in front of the wind power generator blade comprises:
and acquiring the vector wind speed of any position in front of the wind driven generator blade measured by a wind measuring radar in real time, wherein the wind measuring radar comprises a laser radar and/or a sodar.
5. The wind turbine overspeed warning method according to claim 3, wherein determining the vector linear velocity of any position in front of the wind turbine blade comprises:
acquiring the real-time rotating speed of the wind generating set;
measuring the relative distance from any position on the wind driven generator blade to the rotation center;
measuring a blade rotation plane azimuth angle of the wind turbine;
and drawing the vector linear velocity of any position of the blade according to the real-time rotating speed, the relative distance and the rotating plane azimuth angle of the blade.
6. The wind turbine overspeed warning method according to claim 1, further comprising:
under the condition that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced mutually, controlling the pitch angle according to an original control command;
and under the condition that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced, adopting different control instructions for the pitch angle according to different degrees of unbalance of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power.
7. The wind turbine overspeed warning method according to claim 6, wherein applying different control commands to said pitch angles comprises:
dividing the part beyond the first preset range into a plurality of continuous preset intervals;
and controlling the degree of increase of the corresponding pitch angle according to the preset interval in which the ratio is positioned, wherein the degree of increase is positively correlated with the maximum value of the preset interval in which the ratio is positioned.
8. The overspeed warning method of wind power generator according to claim 7, wherein controlling the degree of increase of corresponding pitch angle according to the preset interval in which the ratio is located comprises:
sequentially numbering a plurality of continuous preset intervals according to a positive sequence;
and determining the degree of the increase of the corresponding pitch angle according to the number of the preset interval in which the ratio is positioned until the pitch angle is equal to 90 degrees, wherein the degree of the increase of the pitch angle is equal to the product of the corresponding number and the preset degree.
9. An overspeed early warning device for a wind driven generator is characterized by comprising:
the mechanical power calculation module is used for calculating the real-time mechanical power of the wind driven generator;
the electromagnetic power measurement module is used for measuring the real-time electromagnetic power generated by the wind driven generator;
the calculation module is used for calculating the ratio of the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power;
the balance judging module is used for determining that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are unbalanced if the ratio exceeds a first preset range, and otherwise determining that the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced;
an overspeed risk determination module for determining that an overspeed risk exists if the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are not balanced, and determining that an overspeed risk does not exist if the real-time mechanical power and the real-time electromagnetic power are balanced with each other.
10. A wind turbine generator set, comprising: the wind turbine overspeed warning device and the wind turbine as claimed in claim 9.
11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing a processor to implement the wind turbine overspeed warning method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 when executed.
12. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:
at least one processor; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, the computer program being executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the wind turbine overspeed warning method of any of claims 1-8.
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| CN202210267385.2A CN114593022A (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Wind driven generator overspeed early warning method and device and wind driven generator set |
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| CN202210267385.2A CN114593022A (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Wind driven generator overspeed early warning method and device and wind driven generator set |
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