CN114592929A - Stepped heat storage system and method for deep peak shaving of coal-electric unit - Google Patents
Stepped heat storage system and method for deep peak shaving of coal-electric unit Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
- F01K3/26—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters with heating by steam
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/02—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of multiple-expansion type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
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- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
- F28D20/0043—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material specially adapted for long-term heat storage; Underground tanks; Floating reservoirs; Pools; Ponds
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Abstract
The application discloses a stepped heat storage system and a stepped heat storage method for deep peak shaving of a coal-electric machine set, and relates to the field of peak shaving of the coal-electric machine set. The specific implementation scheme is as follows: the outlet of the heat source is connected with the inlet of a steam turbine, and the output end of the steam turbine is connected with a generator; an outlet of the steam turbine is connected with a steam inlet of the first heat storage device, and a steam outlet of the first heat storage device is connected with a pipe side inlet of the first-stage condensed water heater; a primary steam outlet of the heat source is connected with a primary steam inlet of the second heat storage device, and a primary steam outlet of the second heat storage device is connected with an inlet of the heat source; the outlet of the steam turbine is sequentially connected with the pipe side of the first-stage condensed water heater, the pipe side of the second-stage condensed water heater and the inlet of the heat source. The method and the device improve the load-lifting speed of the unit, expand the lower limit of the operation of the coal-electric unit and realize the deep peak shaving operation of the unit.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of peak shaving of coal-electric units, in particular to a step heat storage system and method for deep peak shaving of a coal-electric unit.
Background
In the related technology, the coal-electricity flexibility modification is the trend of power production development under the background of energy transformation, but the flexibility improvement is limited only through the self excavation and submergence of the unit, and the requirement for flexible operation of the coal-electricity unit cannot be met. In order to further reduce the lower limit of the unit operation load and improve the unit operation flexibility, part of power plants are provided with heat storage devices such as electric boilers and molten salt. However, the heat storage facilities have large floor area and limited storage capacity, and cannot store large-capacity heat for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a step heat storage system and a method for deep peak shaving of a coal-electric unit.
According to a first aspect of the application, a stepped heat storage system for deep peak shaving of a coal-electric unit is provided, which comprises a power generation device, a first heat storage device, a second heat storage device, a primary condensed water heater and a secondary condensed water heater, wherein the power generation device comprises a heat source, a steam turbine and a generator,
the outlet of the heat source is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine, and the output end of the steam turbine is connected with the generator;
an outlet of the steam turbine is connected with a steam inlet of the first heat storage device, and a steam outlet of the first heat storage device is connected with a pipe side inlet of the first-stage condensed water heater;
a primary steam outlet of the heat source is connected with a primary steam inlet of the second heat storage device, and a primary steam outlet of the second heat storage device is connected with an inlet of the heat source; (ii) a
And the outlet of the steam turbine is sequentially connected with the pipe side of the primary condensed water heater, the pipe side of the secondary condensed water heater and the inlet of the heat source.
According to one embodiment of the application, the first heat storage device comprises a third steam-water heat exchanger, a shallow aquifer cold well, a shallow aquifer hot well, a third submersible pump and a fourth submersible pump, the steam turbine comprises a high pressure cylinder, a medium pressure cylinder and a low pressure cylinder, wherein,
the outlet of the heat source is sequentially connected with the high-pressure cylinder, the intermediate-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder, and the outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is connected with the pipe side inlet of the primary condensed water heater;
the high-pressure cylinder is sequentially connected with the medium-pressure cylinder, the low-pressure cylinder and the generator through a transmission shaft;
an outlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder is connected with a shell side inlet of the third steam-water heat exchanger, and a shell side outlet of the third steam-water heat exchanger is connected with a pipe side inlet of the primary condensed water heater;
the third submersible pump is connected between the outlet of the shallow aquifer cold well and the pipe side inlet of the third steam-water heat exchanger, and the pipe side outlet of the third steam-water heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the shallow aquifer hot well;
the outlet of the shallow aquifer hot well is connected with the shell side inlet of the first-level condensed water heater through the fourth submersible pump, and the shell side outlet of the first-level condensed water heater is connected with the inlet of the shallow aquifer cold well.
According to an embodiment of the application, the first heat storage device further comprises a fifth valve, wherein,
and the fifth valve is connected between the outlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder and the shell side inlet of the third steam-water heat exchanger.
According to one embodiment of the application, the second heat storage device comprises a first steam-water heat exchanger, a deep aquifer cold well, a deep aquifer hot well, a first submersible pump, a second submersible pump, wherein,
an outlet of the heat source is connected with a shell side inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger, and a shell side outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the heat source;
the first submersible pump is connected between the outlet of the deep aquifer cold well and the pipe side inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger, and the pipe side outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the deep aquifer hot well;
and the second submersible pump is connected between the outlet of the deep aquifer hot well and the shell-side inlet of the secondary condensed water heater.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the second heat storage device further comprises a second steam-water heat exchanger, the heat source comprises a main steam outlet, a reheat steam inlet, wherein,
the outlet of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the reheat steam inlet of the heat source;
a reheat steam outlet of the heat source is respectively connected with an inlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder and a shell side inlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger, and a shell side outlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger is connected with a tube side inlet of the primary condensed water heater;
the outlet of the deep aquifer cold well is connected with the pipe side inlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger through the first submersible pump, and the pipe side outlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the deep aquifer hot well.
According to an embodiment of the application, the second heat storage device further comprises a third valve, a fourth valve, wherein,
the third valve is connected between the outlet of the heat source and the shell side inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger;
and the fourth valve is connected between the reheat steam outlet of the heat source and the shell side inlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the power generation apparatus further comprises a condenser, a condensate pump, a low-pressure heater group, a feed pump, a high-pressure heater group, and a first valve, wherein,
the outlet of the steam turbine is sequentially connected with the condenser, the condensate pump, the low-pressure heater group, the feed pump, the high-pressure heater group and the inlet of the heat source;
the outlet of the secondary condensed water heater on the pipe side is connected with the inlet of the feed pump;
the first valve is connected between the condensate pump and the low-pressure heater.
According to an embodiment of the application, further comprising a second valve, wherein,
the outlet of the first heat storage device and the outlet of the steam turbine are respectively connected with one end of the second valve, and the other end of the second valve is connected with the first-stage condensed water heater.
According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a method applied to the stepped thermal storage system for deep peak shaving of the coal electric power unit as in the first aspect, comprising:
acquiring a target load value, a first preset load value and a second preset load value; the first preset load value is greater than the second preset load value;
comparing the target load value with the first preset load value and the second preset load value respectively to obtain comparison results;
and adjusting a valve in the cascade heat storage system for the deep peak shaving of the coal-electric unit based on the comparison result so that the current load value is equal to the target load value.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the adjusting a valve in the step heat storage system for deep peak shaving of the coal electric power unit based on the comparison result so that the current load value is equal to the target load value includes:
controlling the fifth valve to open in response to the target load value being greater than or equal to the second preset load value and less than the first preset load value;
controlling the third submersible pump to pump the underground water in the shallow aquifer cold well into the third steam-water heat exchanger for heat exchange;
and controlling the third steam-water heat exchanger to input the underground water subjected to heat exchange into the shallow aquifer hot well.
According to an embodiment of the application, after the controlling the third steam-water heat exchanger to input the heat-exchanged groundwater into the shallow aquifer hot well, the method further includes:
controlling the third valve and the fourth valve in response to the target load value being less than the second preset load value;
controlling the first submersible pump to respectively pump the underground water in the deep aquifer cold well into the first steam-water heat exchanger and the second steam-water heat exchanger for heat exchange;
and respectively controlling the first steam-water heat exchanger and the second steam-water heat exchanger to input the ground water after heat exchange into the deep aquifer thermal well.
According to one embodiment of the present application,
based on the comparison result, adjusting a valve in the cascade heat storage system for the deep peak shaving of the coal-electric machine set to enable the current load value to be equal to the target load value, and the method further comprises the following steps:
in response to the target load value being greater than or equal to the first preset load value, controlling the first valve to close and the second valve to open;
controlling the fourth submersible pump to pump the underground water in the shallow aquifer hot well into the primary condensed water heater so as to perform primary heating on the steam in the primary heat supply network heater;
controlling the primary condensed water heater to input underground water into the shallow aquifer cold well;
controlling the second submersible pump to pump underground water in the deep aquifer hot well into the secondary condensed water heater so as to carry out secondary heating on steam in the secondary heat supply network heater;
and controlling the secondary condensed water heater to input underground water into the deep aquifer cold well.
According to the technical scheme, the first heat storage device and the second heat storage device are used for storing steam heat energy of different grades, when the generator needs to be subjected to load increase, the first heat storage device and the second heat storage device are used for heating steam in a stepped mode, low-pressure steam extraction of the displacement unit is achieved, the load increase speed of the unit is improved, the lower running limit of the coal-electric unit is expanded, and deep peak-shaving operation of the unit is achieved.
It should be understood that the statements in this section do not necessarily identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the present application, nor do they limit the scope of the present application. Other features of the present application will become apparent from the following description.
Drawings
The drawings are included to provide a better understanding of the present solution and are not to be considered limiting of the present application. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a stepped heat storage system for deep peak shaving of a coal-electric power unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for a stepped thermal storage system for deep peak shaving of a coal-electric power unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals
1. A boiler; 2. a high pressure cylinder; 3. an intermediate pressure cylinder; 4. a low pressure cylinder; 5. a generator; 6. a condenser; 7. a condensate pump; 8. a low pressure heater bank; 9. a feed pump; 10. a high-pressure heater group; 11. a first-stage condensed water heater; 12. a secondary condensed water heater; 13. a first valve; 14. a second valve; 15. a first steam-water heat exchanger; 16. a second steam-water heat exchanger; 17. a third steam-water heat exchanger; 18. a deep aquifer cold well; 19. a deep aquifer hot well; 20. a shallow aquifer cold well; 21. shallow aquifer thermal wells; 22. a first submersible pump; 23. a second submersible pump; 24. a third submersible pump; 25. a fourth submersible pump; 26. a third valve; 27. a fourth valve; 28. and a fifth valve.
Detailed Description
The following description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, includes various details of the embodiments of the application for the understanding of the same, which are to be considered exemplary only. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. Also, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted in the following description for clarity and conciseness.
It should be noted that, in the related art, the flexibility improvement of coal power is a trend of power generation development under the background of energy transformation, but the flexibility improvement is limited only by the unit itself, and the requirement for flexible operation of the coal power unit cannot be met. In order to further reduce the lower limit of the unit operation load and improve the unit operation flexibility, part of power plants are provided with heat storage devices such as electric boilers and molten salt. However, the heat storage facilities have large floor area and limited storage capacity, and cannot store large-capacity heat for a long time.
Based on the problems, the application provides a stepped heat storage system and a stepped heat storage method for deep peak shaving of a coal-electricity unit, and the stepped heat storage system and the stepped heat storage method can achieve the purpose that steam heat of a low-pressure cylinder of a bypass is absorbed through a shallow aquifer heat storage system, and main steam and reheat steam heat of the bypass are absorbed through a deep aquifer heat storage system, so that the work-doing steam share in a steam turbine is reduced, and the power generation output of the unit is reduced. For steam of different grades, shallow aquifer and deep aquifer underground water are respectively utilized to exchange heat with the steam, and the heat of the steam is stored, so that the energy utilization efficiency is improved. When the unit needs to quickly increase the load, high-temperature underground water is extracted to heat condensed water of the unit, so that low-pressure steam extraction of the displacement unit is realized, and the unit can quickly increase the load. The invention expands the lower limit of the coal-electricity unit and can realize the deep peak regulation operation of the unit.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a stepped heat storage system for deep peak shaving of a coal-electric power unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, a stepped heat storage system for deep peak shaving of a coal-electric power unit includes a power generation device, a first heat storage device, a second heat storage device, a first-stage condensed water heater 11, and a second-stage condensed water heater 12, where the power generation device includes a heat source, a steam turbine, and a generator 5.
Wherein, the outlet of the heat source is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine, and the outlet of the steam turbine is connected with the generator 5; an outlet of the steam turbine is connected with a steam inlet of the first heat storage device, and a steam outlet of the first heat storage device is connected with a pipe side inlet of the first-stage condensed water heater 11; a primary steam outlet of the heat source is connected with a primary steam inlet of the second heat storage device, and a primary steam outlet of the second heat storage device is connected with an inlet of the heat source; the outlet of the turbine is connected with the pipe side of the first-stage condensed water heater 11, the pipe side of the second-stage condensed water heater 12 and the inlet of the heat source in sequence.
The outlet of the first heat storage device and the outlet of the steam turbine are respectively connected with one end of a second valve 14, and the other end of the second valve 14 is connected with a first-stage condensed water heater 11.
It should be noted that the heat source may be the boiler 1. The tube side can be the side of the device for transporting the low temperature medium and the shell side can be the side of the device for transporting the high temperature medium. The low temperature medium may be water, and the high temperature medium may be water or steam.
It can be understood that, in the power generation device, the boiler 1 heats water to generate steam, the steam is input into a steam turbine to do work, and the steam turbine drives the generator 5 to generate power.
As a possible example, the power generation device respectively transmits part of generated steam to the first heat storage device and the second heat storage device according to the grade of the steam for heat exchange, and the steam after heat exchange sequentially passes through the primary condensed water heater 11, the secondary condensed water heater 12 and the inlet of the boiler 1 to complete steam-water circulation. The first heat storage device and the second heat storage device store heat energy in the steam. When the generator 5 needs to be loaded, the first heat storage device heats the condensed water in a first stage through the first-stage condensed water heater 11. The condensate water heated by the first stage is transmitted to the second stage condensate water heater 12 through the first stage condensate water heater 11, the second heat storage device carries out second stage heating on the condensate water through the second stage condensate water heater 12, and the condensate water heated by the second stage is input into the boiler 1 through the second stage condensate water heater 12.
The first heat storage device comprises a third steam-water heat exchanger 17, a shallow water-bearing layer cold well 20, a shallow water-bearing layer hot well 21, a third submersible pump 24 and a fourth submersible pump 25, the steam turbine comprises a high-pressure cylinder 2, an intermediate-pressure cylinder 3 and a low-pressure cylinder 4, wherein an outlet of a heat source is sequentially connected with the high-pressure cylinder 2, the intermediate-pressure cylinder 3 and the low-pressure cylinder 4, the high-pressure cylinder 2 is sequentially connected with the intermediate-pressure cylinder 3, the low-pressure cylinder 4 and the generator 5 through a transmission shaft, and an outlet of the low-pressure cylinder 4 is connected with a pipe side inlet of the primary condensed water heater 11. An outlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 is connected with a shell side inlet of a third steam-water heat exchanger 17, and a shell side outlet of the third steam-water heat exchanger 17 is connected with a pipe side inlet of the first-stage condensed water heater 11. A third submersible pump 24 is connected between the outlet of the shallow aquifer cold well 20 and the pipe side inlet of the third steam-water heat exchanger 17, and the pipe side outlet of the third steam-water heat exchanger 17 is connected with the inlet of the shallow aquifer hot well 21. A fourth submersible pump 25 is connected between the outlet of the shallow aquifer hot well 21 and the shell-side inlet of the first-stage condensed water heater 11, and the shell-side outlet of the first-stage condensed water heater 11 is connected with the inlet of the shallow aquifer cold well 20.
The power generation device further comprises a condenser 6, a condensate pump 7, a low-pressure heater group 8, a water feeding pump 9, a high-pressure heater group 10 and a first valve 13, wherein an outlet of the steam turbine is sequentially connected with the condenser 6, the condensate pump 7, the low-pressure heater group 8, the water feeding pump 9, the high-pressure heater group 10 and an inlet of a heat source, a pipe side outlet of the secondary condensate heater 12 is connected with an inlet of the water feeding pump 9, and the first valve 13 is connected between the condensate pump 7 and the low-pressure heater.
And a fifth valve 28 is connected between the outlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 and the shell side inlet of the third steam-water heat exchanger 17.
It can be understood that the steam enters the high pressure cylinder 2, the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 and the low pressure cylinder 4 in sequence from the boiler 1 to do work, so as to drive the generator 5 to generate electricity. The low pressure cylinder 4 sequentially conveys the steam after acting to a condenser 6, a condensate pump 7, a low pressure heater group 8, a feed pump 9, a high pressure heater group 10 and an inlet of the boiler 1 to finish steam-water circulation.
As a possible example, when the load requirement value of the power grid on the unit is smaller than the lowest stable combustion load value of the boiler 1, a part of steam in the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 is input into the low pressure cylinder to do work, the other part of the steam is input into the third steam-water heat exchanger 17, the third submersible pump 24 inputs underground water in the shallow aquifer cold well 20 into the third steam-water heat exchanger 17, the underground water in the shallow aquifer cold well 20 exchanges heat with the steam and then is input into the shallow aquifer hot well 21, and heat storage is completed. The steam after heat exchange is input into the first-stage condensed water heater 11. When the unit needs to be loaded, the fourth submersible pump 25 inputs the groundwater in the shallow aquifer hot well 21 into the first-stage condensate heater 11, performs first-stage heating on the steam, and then returns the steam to the shallow aquifer cold well 20.
The second heat storage device comprises a first steam-water heat exchanger 15, a deep aquifer cold well 18, a deep aquifer hot well 19, a first submersible pump 22 and a second submersible pump 23, wherein an outlet of a heat source is connected with a shell side inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger 15, and a shell side outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger 15 is connected with an inlet of the heat source. A first submersible pump 22 is connected between the outlet of the deep aquifer cold well 18 and the pipe side inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger 15, and the pipe side outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger 15 is connected with the inlet of the deep aquifer hot well 19. A second submersible pump 23 is connected between the outlet of the deep aquifer hot well 19 and the shell side inlet of the secondary condensed water heater 12.
The second heat storage device also comprises a second steam-water heat exchanger 16, the heat source comprises a main steam outlet, a reheat steam outlet and a reheat steam inlet, wherein the outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 2 is connected with the reheat steam inlet of the heat source. The outlet of the reheat steam of the heat source is respectively connected with the inlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 and the shell side inlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger 16, and the shell side outlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger 16 is connected with the pipe side inlet of the first-stage condensed water heater 11. A first submersible pump 22 is connected between the outlet of the deep aquifer cold well 18 and the pipe side inlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger 16, and the pipe side outlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger 16 is connected with the inlet of the deep aquifer hot well 19.
The second heat storage device further comprises a third valve 26 and a fourth valve 27, wherein the third valve 26 is connected between the outlet of the heat source and the shell-side inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger 15; a fourth valve 27 is connected between the reheat steam outlet of the heat source and the shell side inlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger 16.
After the steam works in the high-pressure cylinder 2, a part of the steam is input into the boiler 1 by the high-pressure cylinder 2 to be heated for the second time, a part of the obtained reheated steam is transmitted to the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 by the boiler 1 to work, and the other part of the reheated steam is transmitted to the second steam-water heat exchanger 16 to exchange heat with the underground water.
It can be understood that the grade of the primary steam, the reheated steam and the steam output from the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 are different in the boiler 1, and the grade of the primary steam and the reheated steam output from the boiler 1 is higher than that of the steam output from the intermediate pressure cylinder 3. The deeper the position of the aquifer heat well, the stronger the heat storage capacity. Therefore, the primary steam and the reheated steam output from the boiler 1 exchange heat with the ground water in the second heat storage device, and the steam output from the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 exchanges heat with the ground water in the first heat storage device, so that the steam heat can be stored by exchanging heat with the ground water in the shallow aquifer and the deep aquifer for different grades of steam, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.
As a possible example, the boiler 1 inputs part of the primary steam into the first steam-water heat exchanger 15, the first submersible pump 22 inputs the underground water in the deep aquifer cold well 18 into the first steam-water heat exchanger 15, and the underground water in the deep aquifer cold well 18 exchanges heat with the steam and then is input into the deep aquifer hot well 19, so that the heat storage of the primary steam is completed. The boiler 1 inputs part of the reheated steam into the second steam-water heat exchanger 16, the first submersible pump 22 inputs underground water in the deep aquifer cold well 18 into the second steam-water heat exchanger 16, the underground water in the deep aquifer cold well 18 exchanges heat with the steam and then is input into the deep aquifer hot well 19, and heat storage of the reheated steam is completed.
The primary steam after heat exchange is input into the boiler 1. The reheated steam after heat exchange is input into the first-stage condensed water heater 11. When the unit needs to be loaded, the second submersible pump 23 inputs the underground water in the deep aquifer hot well 19 into the secondary condensed water heater 12 to carry out secondary heating on the steam, and then the underground water returns to the deep aquifer cold well 18 to realize secondary heating on the steam.
According to the cascade heat storage system for the deep peak shaving of the coal-electricity unit, the heat of the steam of the low-pressure cylinder 4 which is bypassed is absorbed by the shallow aquifer heat storage system, and the heat of the main steam and the reheated steam of the bypass is absorbed by the deep aquifer heat storage system, so that the work-doing steam share in the steam turbine is reduced, and the power generation output of the unit is reduced. For steam of different grades, shallow aquifer and deep aquifer underground water are respectively utilized to exchange heat with the steam, and the heat of the steam is stored, so that the energy utilization efficiency is improved. When the unit needs to quickly increase the load, high-temperature underground water is extracted to heat condensed water of the unit, so that low-pressure steam extraction of the displacement unit is realized, and the unit can quickly increase the load. The invention expands the lower limit of the coal-electricity unit and can realize the deep peak regulation operation of the unit.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for a stepped heat storage system for deep peak shaving of a coal-electric power plant set according to an embodiment of the present application.
In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the method for the stepped heat storage system for deep peak shaving of the coal-electric power unit includes:
step 110, acquiring a target load value, a first preset load value and a second preset load value; the first preset load value is greater than the second preset load value.
As a possible example, the first preset load value may be the lowest steady-burning load value of the boiler 1, and the second preset load value may be the unit load value when the grid load command is further reduced and the low-pressure cylinder 4 steam intake flow reaches the minimum safe steam intake flow. The first preset load value and the second preset load value can be preset according to the actual condition of the system. The target load value may be a currently required unit power generation load value.
And step 120, comparing the target load value with the first preset load value and the second preset load value respectively to obtain comparison results.
And step 130, adjusting a valve in the cascade heat storage system for the deep peak shaving of the coal-electric machine set based on the comparison result, so that the current load value is equal to the target load value.
Wherein, in this application embodiment, based on the comparison result, adjust the valve in the step heat-retaining system that is used for coal-electric set degree of depth peak shaving for current load value equals the target load value, include:
in response to the target load value being greater than or equal to the second preset load value and less than the first preset load value, controlling the fifth valve 28 to open;
controlling a third submersible pump 24 to pump the underground water in the shallow aquifer cold well 20 into a third steam-water heat exchanger 17 for heat exchange;
and controlling the steam-water heat exchanger to input the underground water after heat exchange into the shallow aquifer hot well 21.
As a possible example, when the load command of the power grid to the unit is smaller than the lowest stable combustion load of the boiler 1, the fifth valve 28 is firstly opened, part of the intermediate pressure cylinder 3 is led to exhaust steam to enter the third steam-water heat exchanger 17, and underground water extracted from the shallow aquifer cold well 20 is heated and then returned to the unit condenser 6. The third submersible pump 24 extracts groundwater from the shallow aquifer cold well 20, enters the third steam-water heat exchanger 17, is heated by steam and then is filled back into the shallow aquifer hot well 21.
In this embodiment of the application, after the controlling the third steam-water heat exchanger 17 to input the heat-exchanged groundwater into the shallow aquifer hot well 21, the method further includes:
in response to the target load value being smaller than the second preset load value, controlling the third valve 26 and the fourth valve 27 to be opened;
controlling the first submersible pump 22 to pump the underground water in the deep aquifer cold well 18 into the first steam-water heat exchanger 15 and the second steam-water heat exchanger 16 respectively for heat exchange;
and respectively controlling the first steam-water heat exchanger 15 and the second steam-water heat exchanger 16 to input the underground water after heat exchange into the deep aquifer heat well 19.
As a possible example, when the grid load command is further reduced and the steam inlet flow of the low pressure cylinder 4 reaches the minimum safe steam inlet flow, on the basis that the fifth valve 28 is opened, the third valve 26 and the fourth valve 27 are opened, part of the main steam at the outlet of the boiler 1 enters the first steam-water heat exchanger 15 through the third valve 26, and is heated and cooled down and then is merged into the steam outlet of the high pressure cylinder 2. Meanwhile, part of the reheated steam enters the second steam-water heat exchanger 16 through the fourth valve 27, and enters the condenser 6 after heating the underground water and reducing the temperature. The first submersible pump 22 pumps underground water in the deep aquifer cold well 18 to enter the first steam-water heater and the second steam-water heater respectively, absorbs steam heat to become high-temperature water, and then the high-temperature water is fed back to enter the deep aquifer hot well 19.
It can be understood that part of the inlet steam, the main steam and the reheated steam of the low pressure cylinder 4 are bypassed, so that the steam share of acting in the steam turbine is reduced, the generating output of the unit is reduced, and the requirement of a load instruction of a power grid is met. Meanwhile, for steam of different grades, underground water of a shallow aquifer and underground water of a deep aquifer are respectively utilized to exchange heat with the steam, so that the heat of the steam is stored, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.
Wherein, in this application embodiment, based on the comparison result, adjust the valve in the step heat-retaining system that is used for coal-electric set degree of depth peak shaving for current load value equals the target load value, still include:
in response to the target load value being greater than or equal to the first preset load value, controlling the first valve 13 to close and controlling the second valve 14 to open;
controlling the fourth submersible pump 25 to pump the groundwater in the shallow aquifer hot well 21 into the primary condensed water heater 11 so as to perform primary heating on the condensed water in the primary condensed water heater 11;
controlling the first-stage condensed water heater 11 to input the underground water into the shallow aquifer cold well 20;
controlling the second submersible pump 23 to pump the groundwater in the deep aquifer hot well 19 into the secondary condensed water heater 12 to perform secondary heating on the condensed water in the secondary condensed water heater 12;
the secondary condensate heater 12 is controlled to feed groundwater into the deep aquifer cold well 18.
As a possible example, when the unit needs to be rapidly loaded, the first valve 13 is closed, the second valve 14 is opened, the groundwater in the shallow aquifer hot well 21 is pumped out through the fourth submersible pump 25, the groundwater enters the first-stage condensed water heater 11, heat is transferred to the unit condensed water, and then the unit condensed water is recharged into the shallow aquifer cold well 20. The underground water in the deep aquifer hot well 19 is extracted by the second submersible pump 23 and enters the second-stage condensed water heater 12, and the heat is transferred to the unit condensed water and then is poured back into the deep aquifer cold well 18. The original low-pressure heater group 8 is bypassed, and high-temperature underground water extracted from the shallow aquifer hot well 21 and the deep aquifer hot well 19 is used for heating the condensed water of the unit in a cascade mode, so that low-pressure steam extraction of the unit is eliminated, the work-doing steam quantity in the low-pressure cylinder 4 is increased, the unit is rapidly loaded, and the peak regulation and primary frequency modulation requirements of a power grid are responded.
According to the method for the gradient heat storage system for the coal-electricity unit deep peak shaving, when the target load value is smaller than the lowest stable combustion load of the boiler 1, the shallow aquifer heat storage system absorbs the steam heat of the low-pressure cylinder 4 of the bypass, and the deep aquifer heat storage system absorbs the main steam and the reheat steam heat of the bypass, so that the acting steam share in the steam turbine is reduced, and the power generation output of the unit is reduced. For steam of different grades, shallow aquifer and deep aquifer underground water are respectively utilized to exchange heat with the steam, and the heat of the steam is stored, so that the energy utilization efficiency is improved. When the unit needs to quickly increase the load, high-temperature underground water is extracted to heat condensed water of the unit, so that low-pressure steam extraction of the displacement unit is realized, and the unit can quickly increase the load. The invention expands the lower limit of the coal-electricity unit and can realize the deep peak regulation operation of the unit.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A step heat storage system for deep peak shaving of a coal-electric set is characterized by comprising a power generation device, a first heat storage device, a second heat storage device, a first-stage condensed water heater and a second-stage condensed water heater, wherein the power generation device comprises a heat source, a steam turbine and a generator,
the outlet of the heat source is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine, and the output end of the steam turbine is connected with the generator;
an outlet of the steam turbine is connected with a steam inlet of the first heat storage device, and a steam outlet of the first heat storage device is connected with a pipe side inlet of the first-stage condensed water heater;
a primary steam outlet of the heat source is connected with a primary steam inlet of the second heat storage device, and a primary steam outlet of the second heat storage device is connected with an inlet of the heat source;
and the outlet of the steam turbine is sequentially connected with the pipe side of the primary condensed water heater, the pipe side of the secondary condensed water heater and the inlet of the heat source.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first heat storage device comprises a third steam-water heat exchanger, a shallow aquifer cold well, a shallow aquifer hot well, a third submersible pump, a fourth submersible pump, the steam turbine comprises a high pressure cylinder, an intermediate pressure cylinder, a low pressure cylinder, wherein,
the outlet of the heat source is sequentially connected with the high-pressure cylinder, the intermediate-pressure cylinder and the low-pressure cylinder, and the outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is connected with the pipe side inlet of the primary condensed water heater;
the high-pressure cylinder is sequentially connected with the medium-pressure cylinder, the low-pressure cylinder and the generator through a transmission shaft;
an outlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder is connected with a shell side inlet of the third steam-water heat exchanger, and a shell side outlet of the third steam-water heat exchanger is connected with a pipe side inlet of the primary condensed water heater;
the third submersible pump is connected between the outlet of the shallow aquifer cold well and the pipe side inlet of the third steam-water heat exchanger, and the pipe side outlet of the third steam-water heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the shallow aquifer hot well;
the outlet of the shallow aquifer hot well is connected with the shell side inlet of the first-level condensed water heater through the fourth submersible pump, and the shell side outlet of the first-level condensed water heater is connected with the inlet of the shallow aquifer cold well.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the first heat storage device further comprises a fifth valve, wherein,
and the fifth valve is connected between the outlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder and the shell side inlet of the third steam-water heat exchanger.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the second heat storage device comprises a first steam-water heat exchanger, a deep aquifer cold well, a deep aquifer hot well, a first submersible pump, a second submersible pump, wherein,
an outlet of the heat source is connected with a shell side inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger, and a shell side outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the heat source;
the first submersible pump is connected between the outlet of the deep aquifer cold well and the pipe side inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger, and the pipe side outlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the deep aquifer hot well;
and the second submersible pump is connected between the outlet of the deep aquifer hot well and the shell-side inlet of the secondary condensed water heater.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the second heat storage device further comprises a second steam-water heat exchanger, the heat source comprising a main steam outlet, a reheat steam inlet, wherein,
the outlet of the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the reheat steam inlet of the heat source;
a reheat steam outlet of the heat source is respectively connected with an inlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder and a shell side inlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger, and a shell side outlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger is connected with a tube side inlet of the primary condensed water heater;
the outlet of the deep aquifer cold well is connected with the pipe side inlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger through the first submersible pump, and the pipe side outlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the deep aquifer hot well.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the second heat storage device further comprises a third valve, a fourth valve, wherein,
the third valve is connected between the outlet of the heat source and the shell side inlet of the first steam-water heat exchanger;
and the fourth valve is connected between the reheat steam outlet of the heat source and the shell side inlet of the second steam-water heat exchanger.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the power plant further comprises a condenser, a condensate pump, a low pressure heater bank, a feedwater pump, a high pressure heater bank, a first valve, wherein,
the outlet of the steam turbine is sequentially connected with the condenser, the condensate pump, the low-pressure heater group, the feed pump, the high-pressure heater group and the inlet of the heat source;
the outlet of the secondary condensed water heater on the pipe side is connected with the inlet of the feed pump;
the first valve is connected between the condensate pump and the low-pressure heater.
8. The system of claim 1, further comprising a second valve, wherein,
the outlet of the first heat storage device and the outlet of the steam turbine are respectively connected with one end of the second valve, and the other end of the second valve is connected with the first-stage condensed water heater.
9. A method applied to the stepped thermal storage system for the deep peak shaving of the coal-electric machine set according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a target load value, a first preset load value and a second preset load value; the first preset load value is greater than the second preset load value;
comparing the target load value with the first preset load value and the second preset load value respectively to obtain comparison results;
and adjusting a valve in the cascade heat storage system for the deep peak shaving of the coal-electric unit based on the comparison result so that the current load value is equal to the target load value.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein adjusting a valve in the stepped thermal storage system for coal-electric machine group depth peaking based on the comparison such that a current load value is equal to the target load value comprises:
controlling the fifth valve to open in response to the target load value being greater than or equal to the second preset load value and less than the first preset load value;
controlling the third submersible pump to pump the underground water in the shallow aquifer cold well into the third steam-water heat exchanger for heat exchange;
and controlling the third steam-water heat exchanger to input the underground water subjected to heat exchange into the shallow aquifer hot well.
11. The method according to claim 10, wherein after the controlling the third steam-water heat exchanger to input the heat-exchanged groundwater into the shallow aquifer thermal well, the method further comprises:
in response to the target load value being smaller than the second preset load value, controlling the third valve and the fourth valve to be opened;
controlling the first submersible pump to respectively pump the underground water in the deep aquifer cold well into the first steam-water heat exchanger and the second steam-water heat exchanger for heat exchange;
and respectively controlling the first steam-water heat exchanger and the second steam-water heat exchanger to input the ground water after heat exchange into the deep aquifer thermal well.
12. The method of claim 9, wherein adjusting a valve in the stepped thermal storage system for coal-electric machine group depth peaking based on the comparison such that a current load value is equal to the target load value further comprises:
in response to the target load value being greater than or equal to the first preset load value, controlling the first valve to close and the second valve to open;
controlling the fourth submersible pump to pump the underground water in the shallow aquifer hot well into the primary condensed water heater so as to perform primary heating on the steam in the primary heat supply network heater;
controlling the primary condensed water heater to input underground water into the shallow aquifer cold well;
controlling the second submersible pump to pump underground water in the deep aquifer hot well into the secondary condensed water heater so as to carry out secondary heating on steam in the secondary heat supply network heater;
and controlling the secondary condensed water heater to input underground water into the deep aquifer cold well.
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