CN114592280A - Non-woven material and application thereof - Google Patents
Non-woven material and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114592280A CN114592280A CN202210183883.9A CN202210183883A CN114592280A CN 114592280 A CN114592280 A CN 114592280A CN 202210183883 A CN202210183883 A CN 202210183883A CN 114592280 A CN114592280 A CN 114592280A
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- polyester staple
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
- D04H1/5418—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4391—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
- D04H1/43914—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres hollow fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4391—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
- D04H1/43918—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres nonlinear fibres, e.g. crimped or coiled fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
- D04H1/55—Polyesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2505/00—Industrial
- D10B2505/12—Vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a non-woven material which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of low-melting-point polyester staple fibers, 10-20 parts of three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers, 20-40 parts of three-dimensional hollow fibers with contractibility and 20-40 parts of three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fibers; the melting point of the low-melting-point polyester staple fiber is more than or equal to 160 ℃; the shrinkage rate of the three-dimensional hollow fiber with the contractility is 5-10% at 180 ℃. The non-woven material achieves the composite synergistic effect by matching the four short fibers (low-melting point polyester short fiber, three-dimensional hollow fiber with contractibility and three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester short fiber), achieves the flame retardant effect of a final product by adopting non-flame-retardant raw materials, can ensure good cutting effect and breaking strength while keeping the flame retardant effect by the proportion of the four short fibers, and has low cost.
Description
The present application is a divisional application of an invention patent application having an application date of 31/12/2020 and an application number of 2020116390898 entitled "nonwoven Material and method for making the same".
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven materials, in particular to a non-woven material suitable for automobile interior trim and application of the manufacturing material in an automobile interior trim material.
Background
In recent years, the burning accidents of the vehicle interior trim are frequent, and particularly, the composite with the cushion filler has a lot of casualty cases caused by fire. In the application fields of seats, ceilings, door plates, safety seats, sofas, soft chairs, reclining chairs and the like of high-speed rails, motor cars, city railways, passenger cars and cars, the improvement of the flame retardant property of leather and textile composite materials is extremely urgent. Therefore, China also develops a plurality of mandatory national standards and industrial standards, such as GB8410-2006, GB38262-2019, JT/T1095-2016, TB/T3237-2010 and the like, and the requirements of industry and products are enhanced so as to reduce the problem caused by material problems and expand the problems.
PU sponge has many advantages in the vehicle application process, and the material is soft, the resilience is good, advantages such as low price, but also has many shortcomings: large peculiar smell, difficult standard-reaching flame retardance, easy aging and the like. Therefore, how to improve the problem of difficult flame retardance of the PU sponge on the premise of ensuring that the material has the advantages of the PU sponge is a research hotspot in the industry at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art and to achieve the above object, the present invention aims to provide a nonwoven material suitable for automotive interiors, which has good flame retardant properties while maintaining the relevant properties close to those of PU sponge materials.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the non-woven material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of low-melting-point polyester staple fibers, 10-20 parts of three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers, 20-40 parts of three-dimensional hollow fibers with contractibility and 20-40 parts of three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fibers;
the melting point of the low-melting-point polyester staple fiber is more than or equal to 160 ℃; the shrinkage rate of the three-dimensional hollow fiber with the contractility in an oven at 180 ℃ for 15min is 5-10%.
After the high-temperature low-melting-point short fiber is prepared into a product, the product is compounded and synergistic with other types of short fibers, and the flame retardant effect and TVOC effect of the product are better. The three-dimensional hollow polyester fiber with larger contractibility is added, so that the prepared product is more compact and has better flame retardant effect.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the raw material of the nonwoven material contains fibers having a thickness of less than 5D in an amount of 80% or more by mass of the nonwoven material.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the low melting point polyester staple fiber, the three-dimensional hollow fiber having contractility, and the three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fiber have a thickness of 2 to 4D and a length of 51 to 88 mm.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the low melting point polyester staple fiber has a thickness of 2D; the thickness of the three-dimensional hollow fiber with contractility and the three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fiber is 3D.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials used in the nonwoven material are all three-dimensional hollow fibers, and no two-dimensional fibers are used, so that the manufactured product has high structural tightness and high breaking strength, on one hand, the flame retardant effect is enhanced, on the other hand, the surface smoothness and smoothness of the cut cotton is better, and the surface smoothness and smoothness are high after the cotton is compounded with the relatively light and thin fabric glue.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the low-melting polyester staple fibers have a melting point of greater than or equal to 180 ℃.
According to some preferred embodiment aspects of the present invention, the thickness of the three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fiber is greater than or equal to 5D. In some embodiments of the present invention, it is preferable that the thickness of the three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fiber is greater than or equal to 7D. The use of coarse fibres is to give the product a certain stiffness.
That is, the mass ratio of 2-4D short fibers to the nonwoven material is 80% or more, and the mass ratio of 5D or more coarse fibers to the nonwoven material is 20% or less. By controlling the proportion of the coarse fibers, the gap rate of the product is reduced, and the flame retardant effect of the product is improved. If the too coarse fiber accounts for a large proportion, the higher the gap rate of the product is, more air can be contained, the combustion speed is high, and the flame retardant effect is poor.
According to the application, through the matching of four short fibers (low-melting-point polyester short fibers, three-dimensional hollow fibers with contractibility and three-dimensional curled hollow polyester short fibers), the melting point temperature of the low-melting-point polyester short fibers, the proportion of fiber thickness and the fibers with contractibility are selected at the repeated points, the prepared product has good flame retardant property on the premise of no flame retardant property fibers, and the related physical properties of the product such as elasticity and softness are kept close to that of PU sponge.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the density of the nonwoven material is 10-45 g/m per mm2。
According to some preferred embodiment aspects of the present invention, the non-woven material has a limiting oxygen index of greater than or equal to 30%.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the low melting point polyester staple fibers have a thickness and length of 2D 51-88 mm; the thickness and the length of the three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fiber are 7D and 51-88 mm; the three-dimensional hollow fiber with contractility has the thickness and the length of 3D 51-88, and the thickness and the length of the three-dimensional curled hollow polyester staple fiber are 3D 51-88 mm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the non-woven material, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of sequentially opening, mixing, carding, lapping, vertically forming, hot air setting, cutting, rolling, cutting and rolling a plurality of fiber raw materials of the non-woven material to obtain the non-woven material. Wherein the vertical forming is that the cotton net is folded into a folding fan leaf similar to the folded one by a cotton net folding mechanism.
Another object of the invention is the use of a nonwoven material as described above in a vehicle trim material. The non-woven material is compounded with leather, textile fabric and other material for use in seat cover, roof and other relevant application fields.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the non-woven material achieves the composite synergistic effect by matching the four short fibers (low-melting point polyester short fiber, three-dimensional hollow fiber with contractibility and three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester short fiber), achieves the flame retardant effect of a final product by adopting non-flame-retardant raw materials, can ensure good cutting effect and breaking strength while keeping the flame retardant effect by the proportion of the four short fibers, and has low cost.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The nonwoven material of the present example includes, by mass, 40% of non-flame-retardant low-melting point (melting point 180 ℃) polyester staple fibers 2D × 51mm, 10% of non-flame-retardant three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers 7D × 51mm, 30% of shrinkable three-dimensional hollow fibers 3D × 51mm, and 20% of non-flame-retardant three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fibers 3D × 51 mm.
A cotton sample having a thickness of 5mm and a density of 20g/m was prepared2The limiting oxygen index is 31%.
A cotton sample having a thickness of 8mm and a density of 25g/m was prepared2The limiting oxygen index is 34%.
Example 2
The nonwoven material of the present example includes, by mass, 30% of non-flame-retardant low-melting-point (melting point 180 ℃) polyester staple fibers 2D × 51mm, 10% of non-flame-retardant three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers 7D × 88mm, 40% of shrinkable three-dimensional hollow fibers 3D × 51mm, and 20% of non-flame-retardant three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fibers 3D × 64 mm.
A cotton sample having a thickness of 5mm and a density of 20g/m was prepared2The limiting oxygen index is 33%.
Is prepared byCotton sample with thickness of 8mm and density of 25g/m2The limiting oxygen index is 36%.
Example 3
The nonwoven material of the present example includes, by mass, 30% of non-flame-retardant low-melting-point (melting point 180 ℃) polyester staple fibers 2D × 51mm, 10% of non-flame-retardant three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers 7D × 51mm, 20% of shrinkable three-dimensional hollow fibers 3D × 51mm, and 40% of non-flame-retardant three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fibers 3D × 88 mm.
A cotton sample having a thickness of 5mm and a density of 20g/m was prepared2The limiting oxygen index is 30%.
A cotton sample having a thickness of 8mm and a density of 25g/m was prepared2The limiting oxygen index is 33%.
Comparative example 1
The composition ratio of the non-woven material in the comparative example was substantially the same as that in example 1, except that the non-flame-retardant three-dimensionally crimped hollow polyester staple fibers in the comparative example had a thickness of 5D × 64 mm.
Comparative example 2
The composition ratio of the nonwoven material in this comparative example was substantially the same as that in example 1, except that there was no shrinkable three-dimensional hollow fiber in this comparative example, and the non-flame-retardant three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fiber was used instead. The nonwoven material of this comparative example includes, by mass ratio, 40% of non-flame-retardant low-melting point (melting point 180 ℃) polyester staple fibers 2D × 51mm, 10% of non-flame-retardant three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers 7D × 51mm, and 50% of non-flame-retardant three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fibers 3D × 51 mm.
Comparative example 3
The composition ratio of the non-woven material in the comparative example is basically the same as that in the example 1, and the difference point is that the melting point temperature of the non-flame-retardant low-melting-point polyester staple fiber in the comparative example is 120 ℃.
Testing and analysis
The nonwoven materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 and the conventional PU sponge materials were subjected to the tests for density, surface hardness, ball rebound, odor and limiting oxygen index in this order, and the test results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 test results
Table 1 shows that the non-woven material prepared in the embodiment 1-3 has good flame retardant effect, and the flame retardant value reaches the flame retardant requirement of JT/T1095-2016 on the automotive textile material; the hand feeling is soft and elastic, the vertical elasticity (ball-falling rebound rate) is close to that of a sponge material and is superior to that of other non-woven materials; the weight per gram is light, the VOC and the peculiar smell are low, the peculiar smell grade is 3.0, the peculiar smell is far higher than that of other chemical foaming materials such as sponge and the like, and the peculiar smell is also obviously superior to that of other materials; is not easy to age and has low price.
The invention aims to provide a non-woven material which has soft hand feeling, certain elasticity, low peculiar smell, high flame retardance and relatively low cost and is used in the field of application of automotive trim materials of vehicles. The material can be compounded with materials such as leather, textile fabrics and the like to be used for relevant application occasions such as vehicle seat covers, vehicle roofs and the like.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The non-woven material is characterized in that raw materials of the non-woven material comprise low-melting-point polyester staple fibers, three-dimensional hollow fibers with contractibility and three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fibers; the mass ratio of the three-dimensional hollow fiber with contractility in the non-woven material is more than or equal to 20%; the shrinkage rate of the three-dimensional hollow fiber with the contractility is 5-10% at 180 ℃ for 15 min; the raw materials of the non-woven material comprise fibers with the thickness of less than 5D, and the mass ratio of the fibers to the non-woven material is greater than or equal to 80%; the three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers are used for enabling the non-woven material to have certain hardness.
2. The nonwoven material of claim 1 wherein the nonwoven material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of low-melting-point polyester staple fibers, 10-20 parts of three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers, 20-40 parts of three-dimensional hollow fibers with contractibility and 20-40 parts of three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fibers.
3. The nonwoven material of claim 1 wherein the nonwoven material has a surface hardness of 55 to 65; the non-woven material has a ball rebound rate of 42-48%.
4. The nonwoven material of claim 3 wherein said three dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers have a coarseness greater than or equal to 5D.
5. The nonwoven material of claim 1 wherein the thickness of said three-dimensional hollow polyester staple fibers is greater than or equal to 7D.
6. The nonwoven material of claim 5, wherein the low-melting polyester staple fibers, the three-dimensional hollow fibers having shrinkability, and the three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fibers have a thickness of 2 to 4D and a length of 51 to 88 mm.
7. The nonwoven material of claim 1 wherein said low melting point polyester staple fibers have a coarseness of 2D; the thickness of the three-dimensional hollow fiber with contractility and the three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester staple fiber is 3D.
8. The nonwoven material of claim 1 wherein the raw materials used in the nonwoven material are all three-dimensional hollow fibers.
9. The nonwoven material of any of claims 1-8, wherein said low melting polyester staple fibers have a melting point of 160 ℃ or greater.
10. Use of a nonwoven material according to any of claims 1 to 9 in a vehicle trim material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210183883.9A CN114592280B (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Nonwoven material and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011639089.8A CN112877907B (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Nonwoven material and method of making same |
| CN202210183883.9A CN114592280B (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Nonwoven material and application thereof |
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| CN202011639089.8A Division CN112877907B (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Nonwoven material and method of making same |
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| CN114592280A true CN114592280A (en) | 2022-06-07 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114592281B (en) | 2023-08-01 |
| CN112877907A (en) | 2021-06-01 |
| CN112877907B (en) | 2022-04-15 |
| CN114592280B (en) | 2023-08-01 |
| CN114592281A (en) | 2022-06-07 |
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