CN114589936A - Manufacturing method of composite material snowmobile body - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of composite material snowmobile body Download PDFInfo
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- CN114589936A CN114589936A CN202210107609.3A CN202210107609A CN114589936A CN 114589936 A CN114589936 A CN 114589936A CN 202210107609 A CN202210107609 A CN 202210107609A CN 114589936 A CN114589936 A CN 114589936A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012945 sealing adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 3
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a manufacturing method of a composite material snowmobile body, which is realized by the steps of designing and manufacturing a forming tool, forming a rubber pressure equalizing plate, laying a prepreg, sucking glue for shaping, curing, demoulding, cleaning and the like. The composite material snowmobile body comprises a front section body and a rear section body, and a male die and rubber pressure equalizing plate combined forming scheme and a male die forming die design scheme are provided aiming at the structural form characteristics of the composite material snowmobile body, so that the problem that the later assembly and stress of the snowmobile body are influenced due to the fact that a thickened area cannot be accurately positioned in female die forming is solved, the high-precision forming of the inner surface and the outer surface of a product is realized, the forming efficiency of a snowmobile is improved, and the defect rate of components is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material forming, and particularly relates to a manufacturing method of a composite material snowmobile body.
Background
The snowmobile is a collective ride, quickly slides down from a special track by virtue of the inertia of starting to slide, and can control the direction of the skating sports item on the ice track. The snowmobile body has the requirements of high resistance reduction, light weight and high strength, and the structure of the snowmobile is gradually improved since the snowmobile is changed into iron in the beginning of the 20 th century, and the snowmobile mainly comprises a composite material vehicle body, a metal chassis frame and a sliding edge. The resin-based composite material reinforced by the fibers has high specific strength and specific modulus, and still has high strength while the structural weight is greatly reduced. The streamlined aerodynamic shape is the key of the snowmobile to have high resistance-reducing performance, so that the key point for ensuring the external shape size of the composite material product is high-quality molding.
Foreign fiber reinforced composite material snowmobile bodies are mainly formed by a hand lay-up process. The hand lay-up forming process is a technological process of spreading fiber reinforced material and resin glue solution on a mould, curing at room temperature (or heating) and no pressure (or low pressure), and demoulding to obtain the product. The forming method has the defects of low production efficiency, high labor intensity of manual operation, poor labor sanitary condition and the like, and the product quality is not easy to control, the performance stability is poor, the resin content of the product is high, and the mechanical property is lower.
In order to further improve the performance and reliability of the snowmobile, the aerodynamic shape of the snowmobile and the shape structures of all parts are improved by the aerospace materials and process research institute, and the aerodynamic shape and the shape structures comprise a plurality of thickened areas, the internal space of a double-wing structure is reduced, a front-section body is changed from a fully-open structure to a partially-open structure, and the like. All the above changes cause obstacles to the forming of the female die: the thickening area can not be positioned with high precision, so that later assembly can be unreliable and a bearing point can be shifted; the small-size concave curved surface structure of two wings and the half open structure of anterior segment body have increased the layer degree of difficulty by a wide margin and have the sight dead angle, appear product defect easily, and the quality is difficult to control.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the inventor of the invention carries out intensive research and provides a manufacturing method of a composite material snowmobile body, the composite material structural member manufactured by the manufacturing method not only has high-precision inner and outer molded surfaces, but also has the defect rate of less than 1 percent, the molding quality is greatly improved, and the requirement of snowmobile movement on reliability is met, thereby completing the invention.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a manufacturing method of a composite material snowmobile body is characterized in that the snowmobile body is of a complex space curved surface structure, consists of a front section body and a rear section body, and is provided with a thickening region, a thinning region, a two-wing invagination special-shaped curved surface region and a deformation mutation region structural characteristic region; the thickness of the body of the snowmobile is 2.5-4.5 mm, the thickened area is located at the bottom and the side wall of the body, and the thickness of the thickened area is 5-10 mm, so that the problem that local strength is reduced due to later installation and punching of the body is solved; the thinning areas are located on two side walls of the rear section body, the thickness of each thinning area is 2.5-3.5 mm, and the thinning areas are used for reducing the weight of the automobile body while the strength of the automobile body is guaranteed; the two-wing invagination special-shaped curved surface areas are positioned in the protruding areas at the front side and the rear side of the snowmobile body and are used as bumpers of the snowmobile body to prevent the snowmobile body from being impacted during running; the deformation mutation areas are positioned at a plurality of parts of the front section body and the rear section body; the manufacturing method comprises the steps of paving fiber reinforced resin based prepreg on a front section body male die forming die and a rear section body male die forming die (figure 1), and then obtaining the front section body and rear section body composite material part through auxiliary glue absorption and solidification of a rubber pressure equalizing plate (figure 2).
The manufacturing method of the composite material snowmobile body provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention provides a manufacturing method of a composite material snowmobile body, which adopts a male die and rubber pressure equalizing plate combined forming method, compared with the traditional male die forming and male-female combined die forming method of transmitting curing pressure by a vulva die, innovatively provides a shape-following rubber pressure equalizing plate, can uniformly pressurize the whole prepreg in the processes of glue absorption and curing of a hot-pressing tank, solves the problem that the vulva die split is easy to leave wrinkles on the outer surface of the product, and simultaneously saves the step of die assembly of a female die to shorten the forming period;
(2) according to the manufacturing method of the snowmobile body made of the composite material, provided by the invention, the precise positioning of the thickened area is realized, the guarantee is provided for the later assembly of the snowmobile body and the frame, and the product reliability of the snowmobile is improved; the dimensional accuracy of the external surface of the product is ensured, and the appearance of the internal surface is greatly improved, so that the comfort of a user is improved, and the overall appearance of the product is also improved;
(3) according to the manufacturing method of the composite material snowmobile body, provided by the invention, the forming period of the composite material snowmobile body is shortened by more than 10%, the defect rate of the whole snowmobile body is reduced to less than 0.55%, and the good forming process and the good product quality are achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a front section male die forming mold (a), a rear section male die forming mold (b) and a combined mold (c);
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the rubber pressure equalizing plate.
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and appreciated from the following detailed description of the invention.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
The invention provides a manufacturing method of a composite material snowmobile body, wherein the snowmobile body is of a complex space curved surface structure, consists of a front section body and a rear section body, and is provided with a thickening region, a thinning region, a two-wing inwards-sunken special-shaped curved surface region and a deformation mutation region structural characteristic region; the thickness of the body of the snowmobile is 2.5-4.5 mm, the thickened area is located at the bottom and the side wall of the body, and the thickness of the thickened area is 5-10 mm, so that the problem that local strength is reduced due to later installation and punching of the body is solved; the thinning areas are located on two side walls of the rear section body, the thickness of the thinning areas is 2.5-3.5 mm, and the thinning areas are used for reducing the weight of the vehicle body while ensuring the strength of the vehicle body; the two-wing invagination special-shaped curved surface areas are positioned in the protruding areas on the front side and the rear side of the snowmobile body and are used as bumpers of the snowmobile body to prevent the snowmobile body from being impacted during running; the deformation mutation areas are positioned at a plurality of parts of the front section body and the rear section body; the manufacturing method comprises the steps of paving fiber reinforced resin based prepreg on a front section body male die forming die and a rear section body male die forming die (figure 1), and then obtaining the front section body and rear section body composite material part through auxiliary glue absorption and solidification of a rubber pressure equalizing plate (figure 2).
In a preferred embodiment, the fibers in the prepreg are T800-grade carbon fibers and S-grade glass fibers, the mass ratio of the T800-grade carbon fibers to the S-grade glass fibers is 2-3.5: 1, and the rigidity and the impact resistance are both considered; the matrix resin is medium-temperature high-toughness epoxy resin and resists high-low temperature alternation of-196-180 ℃; the mass ratio of the fibers to the matrix resin is 1.5-1: 1; the post-impact compressive strength CAI of the composite material is greater than 300 MPa.
In a preferred embodiment, the front section body male die forming die and the rear section body male die forming die are preset with an invagination platform and a protrusion platform which respectively correspond to a thickening area and a thinning area of a product and are used for realizing the accurate positioning of the thickening area and the thinning area of the product and providing guarantee for the subsequent body assembly and part installation of the snow sweeper; the front section body male die forming die and the rear section body male die forming die are provided with the two-wing convex special-shaped curved surfaces in advance and are used for forming the sunken special-shaped curved surface area of a product, the convex die structure simplifies the laying operation difficulty and avoids sight dead angles, the reduction of product defects is facilitated, and the product quality is guaranteed.
In a preferred embodiment, the manufacturing method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, assembling a front section body male die forming die and a rear section body male die forming die;
s2, forming a rubber pressure equalizing plate, wherein the inner profile of the rubber pressure equalizing plate is used for ensuring the appearance of the snowmobile body;
s3, paving prepreg blocks in a thickening area;
s4, sucking the adhesive by using the prepreg block in the thickening area;
s5, paving a layer of prepreg on the front section body male die forming die and the rear section body male die forming die;
s6, cutting local fibers in deformation mutation areas such as two wings, the top end and the lower end by adopting a shape following mode, ensuring that no gap exists between the prepreg and a male die forming die, and supplementing materials in the gap;
s7, repeating the step S5 and the step S6, overlapping the initial prepreg and the last prepreg by 50-70 mm, staggering the cut parts of each prepreg, ensuring the connection strength, cutting off the prepreg in the thinning area in the process, and paving the prepreg block in the thickening area obtained in the step S4 in the thickening area until the paving thickness is 2.5-10 mm;
s8, performing vacuum auxiliary compaction treatment on the prepreg paved in the step S7, wherein the vacuum compaction treatment is performed once when the prepreg is paved by 1-1.5 mm;
s9, sealing the product by using a sealing adhesive tape on the front section body male die forming die and the rear section body male die forming die;
s10, paving the fluorine-containing four-cloth and a porous film outside the paved prepreg, installing a rubber pressure equalizing plate, and performing rubber suction vacuum bag coating;
s11, conveying the coated product and the mold into an autoclave, and sucking glue from the prepreg;
s12, removing the vacuum bag, the sealing adhesive tape and the rubber pressure equalizing plate in sequence;
s13, repeating the step S9, installing a rubber pressure equalizing plate, and carrying out curing vacuum bag coating;
s14, conveying the coated product and the mold into a hot-pressing tank for curing;
s15, removing the vacuum bag and the sealing adhesive tape in sequence, removing the rubber pressure equalizing plate, and then pulling out the male die forming die to obtain the front-section body composite material component and the rear-section body composite material component.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the step of molding the rubber pressure equalizing plate is performed by: and paving a layer of unvulcanized high-temperature-resistant rubber film on the front section body male die forming die and the rear section body male die forming die, overlapping the splicing seams by 10-15 mm, fixing the deformation mutation areas by using a high-temperature-resistant adhesive tape after partially cutting and splicing, and performing vulcanization forming in an autoclave after coating a vacuum bag to obtain the rubber pressure equalizing plate.
The forming method is characterized in that a conformal rubber pressure equalizing plate is provided, the rubber pressure equalizing plate is flexible, stretchable, seamless and integrated, the male die forming die is formed, glue suction and curing processes are used for overall pressure transfer of prepreg, wrinkles of an outer surface are avoided, uniform pressure distribution can be provided in an autoclave curing process, the product obtains the same surface quality as one side of a film pasting surface on the vacuum bag side, and high-precision forming of the snowmobile outer surface is guaranteed.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the step of laying up the prepreg blocks in the thickened area is performed by: 1) according to a product digital model, precisely cutting the prepreg in different thickening areas by adopting an automatic blanking machine; 2) the thickness of each prepreg block is controlled to be 1-1.5 mm, so that the prepreg blocks still have deformability and cuttability after absorbing glue.
In a preferred embodiment, in steps S5 and S6, the prepreg layup adopts a form following mode, local fibers are cut in a deformation mutation area to ensure that no gap exists between the prepreg and the mold, and the prepreg with the same width as the gap is used for feeding in the gap; and overlapping the initial prepreg and the final prepreg by 50-70 mm, staggering the cut parts of each prepreg to ensure the connection strength, cutting off the prepreg in the thinning area in the process, and paving the prepreg blocks in the thickening area obtained in the step S4 in the thickening area until the thickness of the laid layer is 2.5-10 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S7, the step of cutting off the prepreg in the thinning region is performed by: and cutting along the edge of the raised platform according to the position and the size of the raised platform preset on the male die forming die.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S7, the step of laying the prepreg in the thickened area is performed by: and after filling a prepreg block into an invagination platform preset on the male die forming die in the thickening area, folding the single-layer prepreg into a narrow strip with the width of 5-6 mm to fill the gap between the prepreg block and the material arranging piece.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S8, the pressure of the vacuum-assisted compaction is 0.05 to 0.1MPa, and the time of the vacuum-assisted compaction is 1 to 4 hours.
In a preferred embodiment, in the steps S4 and S11, for the front-stage body and the rear-stage body, the glue-sucking temperature is 70 to 80 ℃, the temperature-rising rate is 20 to 30 ℃/h, the glue-sucking pressure is 0.3 to 0.5MPa, and the glue-sucking time is 0.5 to 1 h.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S14, the curing temperature is 120 to 140 ℃, the temperature rising rate is 20 to 30 ℃/h, the curing pressure is 0.6 to 1.0MPa, and the curing time is 3 to 5h for the front-stage body and the rear-stage body molding.
Examples
Example 1
A method for combining and forming a male die and a rubber pressure equalizing plate takes a rear section body as an example, and comprises the following steps:
s1, assembling a rear section body male die forming die, wherein an invagination platform and a protrusion platform are preset in the rear section body male die forming die and respectively correspond to a thickening area and a thinning area of a product; the special-shaped curved surface with two convex wings is preset and is used for forming an inwards-concave special-shaped curved surface area of a product;
s2, paving a layer of unvulcanized high-temperature-resistant rubber film on a rear-section body male die forming die, overlapping the splicing seams by 10-15 mm, fixing the deformation mutation area by using a high-temperature-resistant adhesive tape after partially cutting and splicing, and performing vulcanization forming in an autoclave after covering a vacuum bag to obtain a rubber uniform pressure plate;
s3, paving prepreg blocks in a thickening area, wherein T800-grade carbon fiber and S-grade glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin are selected as prepreg; the mass ratio of the carbon fibers to the glass fibers is 3:1, the matrix resin is epoxy resin, the high and low temperature alternation resistance is-196-180 ℃, and the mass ratio of the total fibers to the matrix resin is 1.5: 1; the thickness of each prepreg block is controlled to be 1-1.5 mm;
s4, sucking the glue from the prepreg blocks in the thickening area, wherein the final glue sucking temperature is 80 ℃, the heating rate is 30 ℃/h, the glue sucking pressure is 0.3MPa, and the glue sucking time is 0.5 h;
s5, paving a layer of prepreg on a rear-section body male die forming die, wherein the prepreg is made of carbon/glass mixed fiber reinforced epoxy resin with the mass ratio of T800-grade carbon fibers to S-grade glass fibers being 3:1, the epoxy resin resists high and low temperature alternation and is-196-180 ℃, and the mass ratio of total fibers to matrix resin is 1.5: 1;
s6, cutting local fibers in abrupt change regions such as two wings, the top end, the lower end and the like by adopting a shape following mode for prepreg paving, ensuring that no gap exists between the prepreg and a male die forming die, and supplementing materials in the gap.
S7, repeating the step S5 and the step S6, overlapping the initial layer prepreg and the last layer prepreg by 60mm, staggering the cut parts of each layer of prepreg, wherein the staggering distance is 30mm, cutting off the prepreg in the thinning area (cutting along the edge of the raised platform) in the process, paving the prepreg blocks in the thickening area obtained in the step S4 in the thickening area until the thickness of the paving layer is 10mm, and after filling the prepreg blocks in the inner sunken platform preset on the male die forming die in the thickening area, folding the single layer prepreg into a narrow strip with the width of 5mm to fill the gap between the prepreg blocks and the whole material;
s8, performing vacuum auxiliary compaction treatment on the prepreg paved in the step S7, wherein the vacuum auxiliary compaction treatment is performed once when the prepreg is paved by 1.5mm, the pressure of the vacuum auxiliary compaction is 0.05MPa, and the vacuum auxiliary compaction time is 2 h;
s9, sealing the product by using a sealing adhesive tape on a rear-section body male die forming die;
s10, paving the fluorine-containing four-cloth and a porous film outside the paved prepreg, placing a rubber pressure equalizing plate, and performing rubber suction vacuum bag coating;
s11, conveying the coated product and the mold into a hot-pressing tank, and sucking the prepreg with glue, wherein the final glue sucking temperature is 80 ℃, the heating rate is 30 ℃/h, the glue sucking pressure is 0.3MPa, and the glue sucking time is 1 h;
s12, removing a vacuum bag, a sealing adhesive tape and a rubber pressure equalizing plate in sequence;
s13, repeating the step S9, installing a rubber pressure equalizing plate, and carrying out curing vacuum bag coating;
s14, conveying the coated product and the mold into a hot-pressing tank for curing, wherein the final curing temperature is 140 ℃, the temperature rise rate is 30 ℃/h, the curing pressure is 0.6MPa, and the curing time is 5 h;
s15, sequentially removing the vacuum bag and the sealing adhesive tape, removing the rubber pressure equalizing plate, and then pulling out the male die forming die to obtain the rear-section body composite material component. The dimension error of the obtained rear section body composite material in the thickness direction is less than 0.4mm, the dimension error of the thickened area position is less than 0.5mm, the defect rate is 0.51 percent, and the CAI is more than 300 MPa.
Example 2
A method for forming by combining a male die and a rubber pressure equalizing plate, which takes a front section body as an example, comprises the following steps:
s1, assembling a front section body male die forming die, wherein an invagination platform is preset in the front section body male die forming die and corresponds to a thickening area of a product; the special-shaped curved surface with two convex wings is preset and is used for forming an inwards-concave special-shaped curved surface area of a product;
s2, paving an unvulcanized high-temperature-resistant rubber film on a front-section body male die forming die, overlapping the splicing seams for 10-15 mm, fixing the deformation mutation area after locally cutting and splicing the deformation mutation area by using a high-temperature-resistant adhesive tape, and performing vulcanization forming in an autoclave after wrapping a vacuum bag to obtain a rubber pressure equalizing plate;
s3, paving prepreg blocks in a thickening area, wherein T800-grade carbon fiber and S-grade glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin are selected as the prepreg, the mass ratio of the carbon fiber to the glass fiber is 2:1, the matrix resin is epoxy resin and can resist high and low temperature alternation, the temperature is-196-180 ℃, and the mass ratio of total fiber to the matrix resin is 1.5: 1; the thickness of each prepreg block is controlled to be 1-1.5 mm;
s4, sucking the glue from the prepreg blocks in the thickening area, wherein the final glue sucking temperature is 80 ℃, the heating rate is 30 ℃/h, the glue sucking pressure is 0.3MPa, and the glue sucking time is 0.5 h;
s5, paving a layer of prepreg on the front-section body male die forming die, wherein the prepreg is made of carbon/glass mixed fiber reinforced epoxy resin with the mass ratio of T800-grade carbon fiber to glass fiber of 2:1, the epoxy resin resists high and low temperature alternation and is-196-180 ℃, and the mass ratio of total fiber to matrix resin is 1.5: 1;
s6, cutting local fibers in abrupt change regions such as two wings, the top end, the lower end and the like by adopting a shape following mode for prepreg paving, ensuring that no gap exists between the prepreg and a male die forming die, and supplementing materials in the gap.
S7, repeating the step S5 and the step S6, overlapping the initial prepreg layer and the last prepreg layer by 60mm, staggering the cut parts of the prepreg layers, wherein the staggering distance is 30mm, paving the prepreg blocks in the thickening area obtained in the step S4 in the process until the thickness of the paved layer is 10mm, filling the prepreg blocks in the thickening area in an inner sunken platform preset on a male die forming die, and folding the single-layer prepreg into a narrow strip with the width of 5mm to fill the gap between the prepreg blocks and the whole prepreg;
s8, performing vacuum auxiliary compaction treatment on the prepreg paved in the step S7, wherein the vacuum auxiliary compaction treatment is performed once when the prepreg is paved for 1.5mm, the pressure of the vacuum auxiliary compaction is 0.1MPa, and the vacuum auxiliary compaction time is 1 h;
s9, sealing the product by using a sealing adhesive tape on the front section body male die forming die;
s10, paving the fluorine-containing four-cloth and a porous film outside the paved prepreg, placing a rubber pressure equalizing plate, and performing rubber suction vacuum bag coating;
s11, conveying the coated product and the mold into a hot-pressing tank, and sucking glue on the prepreg, wherein the final glue sucking temperature is 80 ℃, the heating rate is 30 ℃/h, the glue sucking pressure is 0.3MPa, and the glue sucking time is 0.5 h;
s12, removing a vacuum bag, a sealing adhesive tape and a rubber pressure equalizing plate in sequence;
s13, repeating the step S9, installing a rubber pressure equalizing plate, and carrying out curing vacuum bag coating;
s14, conveying the coated product and the mold into an autoclave for curing, wherein the final curing temperature is 140 ℃, the heating rate is 30 ℃/h, the curing pressure is 0.6MPa, and the curing time is 3 h;
s15, sequentially removing the vacuum bag and the sealing adhesive tape, removing the rubber pressure equalizing plate, and then pulling out the male die forming die to obtain the front-section body composite material component. The dimension error of the front-section body composite material in the thickness direction is less than 0.3mm, the dimension error of the thickened area is less than 0.5mm, the defect rate is 0.35 percent, and the CAI is more than 300 MPa.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A manufacturing method of a snowmobile body made of composite materials is characterized in that the snowmobile body is of a complex space curved surface structure, consists of a front section body and a rear section body, and is provided with a thickening area, a thinning area, a two-wing inwards-sunken special-shaped curved surface area and a deformation mutation area structural characteristic area; the thickness of the body of the snowmobile is 2.5-4.5 mm, the thickened area is located at the bottom and the side wall of the body, and the thickness of the thickened area is 5-10 mm, so that the problem that the local strength is reduced due to later-stage installation and punching of the body is solved; the thinning areas are located on two side walls of the rear section body, the thickness of each thinning area is 2.5-3.5 mm, and the thinning areas are used for reducing the weight of the automobile body while the strength of the automobile body is guaranteed; the two-wing invagination special-shaped curved surface areas are positioned in the protruding areas at the front side and the rear side of the snowmobile body and are used as bumpers of the snowmobile body to prevent the snowmobile body from being impacted during running; the deformation mutation areas are positioned at a plurality of parts of the front section body and the rear section body;
the manufacturing method comprises the steps of paving fiber reinforced resin based prepreg on a front section body male die forming die and a rear section body male die forming die, and then obtaining the composite material part of the front section body and the rear section body through auxiliary glue suction and solidification of a rubber pressure equalizing plate.
2. The manufacturing method of the composite material snowmobile body according to claim 1, characterized in that the fibers in the prepreg are T800-grade carbon fibers and S-grade glass fibers, the mass ratio of the T800-grade carbon fibers to the S-grade glass fibers is 2-3.5: 1, and the rigidity and the impact resistance are both considered; the matrix resin is epoxy resin and resists high and low temperature alternation of-196 ℃ to 180 ℃; the mass ratio of the fibers to the matrix resin is 1.5-1: 1; the post-impact compressive strength CAI of the composite material is greater than 300 MPa.
3. The method of manufacturing a composite snowmobile body according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises in particular the steps of:
s1, assembling a front section body male die forming die and a rear section body male die forming die;
s2, laying a layer of unvulcanized high-temperature-resistant rubber film on the front section male die forming die and the rear section male die forming die, overlapping the abutted seams by 10-15 mm, partially cutting and splicing the deformation mutation areas, fixing the deformation mutation areas by using a high-temperature-resistant adhesive tape, wrapping the deformation mutation areas, feeding the deformation mutation areas into an autoclave, vulcanizing and forming to obtain a rubber pressure equalizing plate, wherein the inner profile of the rubber pressure equalizing plate is used for ensuring the appearance of the snowmobile body;
s3, paving prepreg blocks in a thickening area, wherein the thickness of each prepreg block is 1.5-2 mm;
s4, sucking the adhesive by using the prepreg block in the thickening area;
s5, paving a layer of prepreg on the front section body male die forming die and the rear section body male die forming die;
s6, cutting local fibers in a deformation mutation area by adopting a shape following mode for prepreg paving, ensuring that no gap exists between the prepreg and a male die forming die, and supplementing materials in the gap;
s7, repeating the step S5 and the step S6, overlapping the initial prepreg and the last prepreg by 50-70 mm, staggering the cut parts of each prepreg, wherein the staggered distance is more than or equal to 20mm, cutting off the prepreg of the thinning area in the process, and paving the prepreg block of the thickening area obtained in the step S4 in the thickening area until the thickness of the paving layer is 2.5-10 mm;
s8, performing vacuum auxiliary compaction treatment on the prepreg paved in the step S7, wherein the vacuum compaction treatment is performed once when the prepreg is paved by 1-1.5 mm;
s9, sealing the product by using a sealing adhesive tape on the front section body male die forming die and the rear section body male die forming die;
s10, paving and covering the outer part of the paved prepreg with the fluosilicic acid four cloth and the porous film, installing a rubber pressure equalizing plate, and performing rubber suction vacuum bag covering;
s11, conveying the coated product and the mold into an autoclave, and sucking glue from the prepreg;
s12, removing a vacuum bag, a sealing adhesive tape and a rubber pressure equalizing plate in sequence;
s13, repeating the step S9, installing a rubber pressure equalizing plate, and carrying out curing vacuum bag coating;
s14, conveying the coated product and the mold into a hot-pressing tank for curing;
s15, removing the vacuum bag and the sealing adhesive tape in sequence, removing the rubber pressure equalizing plate, and then pulling out the male die forming die to obtain the front-section body composite material component and the rear-section body composite material component.
4. The method for manufacturing a snowmobile body made of composite materials according to claim 3, wherein in step S1, the front-section body male die forming die and the rear-section body male die forming die are preset with an invagination platform and a protrusion platform respectively corresponding to a thickening area and a thinning area of a product for forming the thickening area and the thinning area of the product.
5. The method for manufacturing the snowmobile body made of composite materials according to claim 3, wherein in step S1, the front-section body male die forming die and the rear-section body male die forming die are preset with two-wing convex special-shaped curved surfaces for forming an inward concave special-shaped curved surface area of a product.
6. The method for manufacturing a composite snowmobile body according to claim 3, wherein in step S7, the step of cutting out the prepreg in the thinned area is performed by: and cutting along the edge of the raised platform according to the position and the size of the raised platform preset on the male die forming die.
7. The method for manufacturing a composite material snowmobile body according to claim 3, wherein in step S7, the step of laying the thickened area prepreg block on the thickened area is performed by: and after filling a prepreg block into an invagination platform preset on the male die forming die in the thickening area, folding the single-layer prepreg into a narrow strip with the width of 5-6 mm to fill the gap between the prepreg block and the material arranging piece.
8. The method for manufacturing the composite material snowmobile body according to claim 3, wherein in step S8, the pressure of vacuum assisted compaction is 0.05-0.1 MPa, and the vacuum assisted compaction time is 1-4 h.
9. The method for manufacturing the composite material snowmobile body as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the steps S4 and S11, the front section body and the rear section body are molded at a glue absorption temperature of 70-80 ℃, a heating rate of 20-30 ℃/h, a glue absorption pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa and a glue absorption time of 0.5-1 h.
10. The method for manufacturing the composite material snowmobile body according to claim 3, wherein in the step S14, the curing temperature is 120-140 ℃, the temperature rising rate is 20-30 ℃/h, the curing pressure is 0.6-1.0 MPa, and the curing time is 3-5 h for the front-section body and the rear-section body.
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