CN114589320A - Full-cooling type gas static pressure main shaft - Google Patents
Full-cooling type gas static pressure main shaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114589320A CN114589320A CN202210115410.5A CN202210115410A CN114589320A CN 114589320 A CN114589320 A CN 114589320A CN 202210115410 A CN202210115410 A CN 202210115410A CN 114589320 A CN114589320 A CN 114589320A
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- Prior art keywords
- main shaft
- motor
- sleeve
- spindle
- shaft sleeve
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention discloses a fully-cooled gas static pressure main shaft, and relates to a rotary main shaft used in the machining process of a machine tool. The fully-cooled gas static pressure main shaft is high in rotation precision and rigidity, particularly good in stability and thermal expansion performance. The fully-cooled gas static pressure spindle comprises a spindle body, a spindle sleeve and a motor, wherein the spindle sleeve is arranged outside the spindle body and connected with the motor, the motor drives the spindle body to rotate, a plurality of cooling holes are formed in the periphery of the inside of the spindle sleeve, a plurality of grooves are respectively designed on the front end surface and the rear end surface of the spindle sleeve, the grooves on the front end surface and the rear end surface are arranged in a staggered angle mode, each groove is communicated with two adjacent cooling holes, a serial cooling channel is formed in the spindle sleeve, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the motor, and the water inlet and the water outlet are communicated with the cooling channel in the spindle sleeve.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of processing machines, in particular to a fully-cooled gas static pressure main shaft.
Background
The gas static pressure main shaft is generally applied to the precise and ultra-precise numerical control machine tool industry due to the advantages of high precision, high speed, nearly no friction, no pollution and the like. The precision of a machine tool spindle directly influences the machining precision of a workpiece, so that the gas static pressure spindle is a core component for ensuring the machining precision of various precision numerical control machines. The processing of fine structures has placed very high demands on precision machine tools, particularly spindle parts, not only for high rotational accuracy but also for high rigidity, good stability, good thermal expansion properties, and the like.
After the existing gas static pressure main shaft works for a period of time, the temperature of the shaft body can be increased. Due to the limited heat dissipation effect, the gas static pressure main shaft has the condition of overhigh temperature, thereby causing the adverse effects of unstable performance and reduced processing precision.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fully-cooled gas static pressure main shaft which is high in rotation precision, high in rigidity, particularly good in stability and thermal expansion performance.
The invention discloses a fully-cooled gas static pressure main shaft which comprises a main shaft body, a main shaft sleeve and a motor, wherein the main shaft sleeve is arranged outside the main shaft body and is connected with the motor, the motor drives the main shaft body to rotate, a plurality of cooling holes are formed in the periphery of the inside of the main shaft sleeve, a plurality of grooves are respectively designed on the front end surface and the rear end surface of the main shaft sleeve, the grooves on the front end surface and the rear end surface are arranged in a staggered angle mode, each groove is communicated with two adjacent cooling holes, a serial cooling channel is formed in the main shaft sleeve, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the motor, and the water inlet and the water outlet are communicated with the cooling channel in the main shaft sleeve.
The invention relates to a fully-cooled gas static pressure main shaft, wherein a graphite long shaft sleeve is arranged between a main shaft body and a main shaft sleeve.
The invention relates to a fully-cooled gas static pressure main shaft, wherein a vacuum air passage is arranged at the corresponding positions of a main shaft sleeve, a graphite long shaft sleeve and a main shaft body, and the vacuum air passage extends to the front end part of the main shaft body.
The invention relates to a fully-cooled gas static pressure main shaft, wherein an annular groove is arranged on an outer ring of a graphite long shaft sleeve and is respectively positioned at the front part and the rear part of the graphite long shaft sleeve.
The invention relates to a fully-cooled aerostatic spindle, wherein the front part of a spindle body is provided with a shaft shoulder, and the front side and the rear side of the shaft shoulder are respectively provided with a front graphite end cover and a rear graphite end cover.
The invention relates to a fully-cooled aerostatic spindle, wherein the front end face of a spindle body is connected with an upper end cover, a gap ring is arranged between the upper end cover and a spindle sleeve and is positioned at the outer side of a shaft shoulder, and a C shape is formed among the gap ring, a front graphite end cover and a rear graphite end cover.
The invention relates to a fully-cooled gas static pressure main shaft, wherein a front graphite end cover is fixed at the rear side of an upper end cover, and a rear graphite end cover is fixed at the front end of a main shaft sleeve.
The invention relates to a fully-cooled gas static pressure main shaft, wherein a motor comprises a motor stator, a rotor, a motor sleeve and a motor gland, the rotor is arranged at the tail end of a main shaft body in a hot-fitting manner, the motor stator is arranged in the motor sleeve, the front end surface of the motor sleeve is fixedly connected with the main shaft sleeve, and the motor gland is fixedly connected with the rear end surface of the motor sleeve to tightly press the motor stator.
The invention relates to a fully-cooled gas static pressure main shaft, wherein a reading head mounting plate is arranged on a motor gland, and a reading head is arranged on the reading head mounting plate; the tail end of the main shaft body is provided with a high-precision circular grating, and the excircle of the circular grating is provided with a high-precision groove.
The invention relates to a fully-cooled aerostatic spindle, wherein the front end part of a spindle body is fixedly connected with a sucker seat, and a sucker is arranged on the sucker seat.
The fully-cooled aerostatic spindle is different from the prior art in that a full-cooling system is additionally arranged in the spindle sleeve and the motor sleeve, the spindle body and the motor are cooled by cooling water continuously in the working process of the spindle, and heat generated by the motor can be taken away quickly by the full-cooling system, so that the stability of the spindle is improved, and the thermal expansion performance of the spindle can be well controlled.
The fully-cooled gas static pressure main shaft is provided with the graphite end cover and the graphite long shaft sleeve on the outer side of the main shaft body, and the main shaft body is rigidly connected and lubricated in the axial direction and the radial direction under the combined action of the graphite structure and the gas flow.
The fully-cooled gas static pressure main shaft is provided with the original grating at the tail end of the main shaft body, and can read scribed line forming data of the circular grating when the main shaft rotates at a high speed by matching with a reading head on a motor, so that the feedback of the rotation angle of the main shaft is completed, and the accuracy of the rotation angle of the main shaft is improved.
The fully cooled aerostatic spindle of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of a fully cooled aerostatic spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line F-F in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the main shaft sleeve of the fully cooled aerostatic spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a left side view of the main shaft sleeve of the fully cooled aerostatic spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a right side view of the main shaft sleeve of the fully cooled aerostatic spindle of the present invention;
the notation in the figures means: 1-a sucker; 2-a sucker seat; 3-upper end cover; 4-a clearance ring; 5-rear graphite end cap; 51-front graphite end cap; 6-main shaft body; 7-graphite long shaft sleeve; 8-a main shaft sleeve; 9-a motor stator; 10-a motor cover; 11-a rotor; 12-a reading head mounting plate; 13-motor gland; 14-a read head; 15-circular grating; 16-dynamic balance seat; 17-a seal groove; 18-a water inlet; 19-water outlet; 20-a cooling channel; 21-a groove; 22-cooling holes.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the fully-cooled aerostatic spindle of the present invention includes a spindle body 6, a spindle sleeve 8 is disposed outside the spindle body 6, a suction cup 1 is mounted on a front end surface of the spindle body 6, and a spindle motor is mounted on a rear portion of the spindle body 6.
A graphite long shaft sleeve 7 is arranged between the main shaft body 6 and the main shaft sleeve 8, and the length of the graphite long shaft sleeve 7 is slightly shorter than that of the main shaft sleeve 8. The outer ring of the graphite long shaft sleeve 7 is provided with an annular groove, and the annular groove is respectively positioned at the front part and the rear part of the graphite long shaft sleeve 7. The plurality of annular grooves form a gas path channel, and the gap between the graphite long shaft sleeve 7 and the shaft diameter of the main shaft body 6 is controlled by grinding the inner hole of the graphite long shaft sleeve 7, so that the radial rigidity and the radial floating of the main shaft body 6 are realized.
The front end face of the main shaft body 6 is connected with an upper end cover 3, and a clearance ring 4 is arranged between the upper end cover 3 and the main shaft sleeve 8. The front part of the main shaft body 6 is provided with a shaft shoulder, and the front side and the rear side of the shaft shoulder are respectively provided with a front graphite end cover 51 and a rear graphite end cover 5. The front graphite end cover 51 is fixed at the rear side of the upper end cover 3, and the rear graphite end cover 5 is fixed at the front end of the spindle sleeve 8 by means of adhesion. The clearance ring 4 is positioned outside the shaft shoulder, and forms a C shape with the front graphite end cover 51 and the rear graphite end cover 5. And grinding the front graphite end cover 51 and the rear graphite end cover 5, and controlling the gap between the graphite end covers and the shoulder surface of the main shaft body 6, so that the axial rigidity and the axial floating of the main shaft body 6 are realized.
Compressed air after precise filtration is throttled after passing through graphite, and a layer of lubricating air film with certain bearing and rigidity is formed in a shaft gap so as to support the radial and axial floating of the main shaft.
The rear end of the main shaft body 6 is connected with a motor. The motor comprises a motor stator 9, a rotor 11, a motor sleeve 10 and a motor gland 13. The rotor 11 is arranged at the tail end of the main shaft body 6 in a hot mode, the dynamic balance seat 16 is arranged at the tail end of the main shaft body 6, the main shaft body 6 and the rotor 11 are in dynamic balance together, the dynamic balance value of the main shaft is controlled, the small vibration value of the main shaft during high-speed rotation is achieved, and therefore the rotation precision of the main shaft is improved. The motor stator 9 is positioned outside the rotor 11, and the motor stator 9 is arranged inside the motor sleeve 10 through a sealing ring. The outer circle of the motor stator 9 is provided with a spiral groove for cooling. The front end face of the motor sleeve 10 is fixedly connected with the main shaft sleeve 8. The motor gland 13 is positioned at the rear part of the motor and is fixedly connected with the rear end surface of the motor sleeve 10 to compress the motor stator 9.
A reading head mounting plate 12 is arranged on the motor gland 13, and a reading head 14 is arranged on the reading head mounting plate 12. The tail end of the main shaft body 6 is provided with a high-precision circular grating 15, and the excircle of the circular grating 15 is provided with a high-precision groove. The reading head 14 can read the scribing line forming data of the circular grating 15 when the main shaft rotates at a high speed, and the feedback of the main shaft rotation angle is completed, so that the accuracy of the main shaft rotation angle is improved.
The main shaft sleeve 8, the graphite long shaft sleeve 7 and the main shaft body 6 are provided with vacuum air passages at corresponding positions, and the vacuum air passages extend to the front end part of the main shaft body 6. The front end part of the main shaft body 6 is fixedly connected with a sucker seat 2, a sucker 1 is installed on the sucker seat 2, and the sucker 1 can be used for conveniently installing various tool parts. The compressed air after the precise filtration enters the main shaft body 6 through the main shaft sleeve 8 and the graphite long shaft sleeve 7 after passing through the vacuum generator, so as to reach the sucking disc 1, and the installed parts are adsorbed through the sucking disc 1.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, a plurality of cooling holes 22 are formed around the inside of the main shaft cover 8. The front end face and the rear end face of the main shaft sleeve 8 are respectively provided with a plurality of grooves 21, and the grooves 21 on the two end faces are designed in a staggered angle mode, so that each groove 21 is communicated with two adjacent cooling holes 22 to form a good serial cooling channel 20. The motor sleeve 10 is provided with a water inlet 18 and a water outlet 19, and the water inlet 18 and the water outlet 19 are communicated with a cooling channel 20 in the main shaft sleeve 8. The motor drives the main shaft to rotate at a high speed, the rotor 11 generates heat to drive the main shaft to generate heat, so that the effect of shaft thermal extension is generated, the shaft is unstable, the heat generated by the motor can be quickly taken away after the main shaft is provided with the full cooling system, the stability of the main shaft is improved, and the thermal expansion performance of the main shaft can be well controlled.
The front end of the main shaft body 6 is provided with a sealing groove 17 which is sealed with the clearance ring 4; the rear end of the main shaft body 6 is provided with a sealing groove 17 which is sealed with the motor sleeve 10.
When the fully-cooled gas static pressure spindle works, the spindle body 6 is driven to rotate by the motor, and the sucking disc 1 arranged at the front end of the spindle body 6 and equipment arranged on the sucking disc 1 are driven to rotate by the spindle body 6. In the rotation process of the main shaft, circulating water is continuously introduced into a water inlet 18 and a water outlet 19 on the motor sleeve 10 to cool the motor main shaft body 6.
According to the fully-cooled aerostatic spindle, the full cooling system is additionally arranged in the spindle sleeve 8 and the motor sleeve 10, the spindle body 6 and the motor are cooled by cooling water continuously in the working process of the spindle, and heat generated by the motor can be taken away quickly by the full cooling system, so that the stability of the spindle is improved, and the thermal expansion performance of the spindle can be well controlled.
The fully-cooled gas static pressure main shaft is provided with a graphite end cover and a graphite long shaft sleeve 7 at the outer side of a main shaft body 6, and the main shaft body 6 is rigidly connected and lubricated in the axial direction and the radial direction through the combined action of a graphite structure and air flow.
The fully-cooled aerostatic spindle is characterized in that the original grating is arranged at the tail end of the spindle body 6, and the original grating is matched with a reading head 14 on a motor, so that scribed lines of the circular grating 15 can be read to form data when the spindle rotates at a high speed, the feedback of the rotation angle of the spindle is completed, and the accuracy of the rotation angle of the spindle is improved.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A full cooling type gas static pressure main shaft is characterized in that: the cooling device comprises a main shaft body, a main shaft sleeve and a motor, wherein the main shaft sleeve is arranged outside the main shaft body and is connected with the motor, the motor drives the main shaft body to rotate, a plurality of cooling holes are formed in the periphery of the inside of the main shaft sleeve, a plurality of grooves are respectively designed on the front end face and the rear end face of the main shaft sleeve, the grooves of the front end face and the rear end face are arranged at different angles, each groove is communicated with two adjacent cooling holes, a serial cooling channel is formed in the main shaft sleeve, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the motor, and the water inlet and the water outlet are communicated with the cooling channel in the main shaft sleeve.
2. The fully cooled aerostatic spindle of claim 1, wherein: a graphite long shaft sleeve is arranged between the main shaft body and the main shaft sleeve.
3. The fully cooled aerostatic spindle of claim 2, wherein: the main shaft sleeve, the graphite long shaft sleeve and the main shaft body are provided with vacuum air passages at corresponding positions, and the vacuum air passages extend to the front end part of the main shaft body.
4. The fully cooled aerostatic spindle of claim 2, wherein: and the outer ring of the graphite long shaft sleeve is provided with an annular groove, and the annular groove is respectively positioned at the front part and the rear part of the graphite long shaft sleeve.
5. The fully cooled aerostatic spindle of claim 1, wherein: the front part of the main shaft body is provided with a shaft shoulder, and the front side and the rear side of the shaft shoulder are respectively provided with a front graphite end cover and a rear graphite end cover.
6. The fully cooled aerostatic spindle of claim 5, wherein: the front end face of the main shaft body is connected with an upper end cover, a gap ring is arranged between the upper end cover and the main shaft sleeve and is located on the outer side of the shaft shoulder, and a C shape is formed among the gap ring, the front graphite end cover and the rear graphite end cover.
7. The fully cooled aerostatic spindle of claim 6, wherein: the front graphite end cover is fixed on the rear side of the upper end cover, and the rear graphite end cover is fixed at the front end of the main shaft sleeve.
8. The fully cooled aerostatic spindle of claim 1, wherein: the motor comprises a motor stator, a rotor, a motor sleeve and a motor gland, the rotor is arranged at the tail end of the main shaft body in a hot mode, the motor stator is arranged inside the motor sleeve, the front end face of the motor sleeve is fixedly connected with the main shaft sleeve, and the motor gland is fixedly connected with the rear end face of the motor sleeve and compresses the motor stator.
9. The fully cooled aerostatic spindle of claim 8, wherein: a reading head mounting plate is arranged on the motor gland, and a reading head is arranged on the reading head mounting plate; the tail end of the main shaft body is provided with a high-precision circular grating, and the excircle of the circular grating is provided with a high-precision groove.
10. The fully cooled aerostatic spindle of claim 1, wherein: the front end part of the main shaft body is fixedly connected with a sucker seat, and a sucker is arranged on the sucker seat.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210115410.5A CN114589320A (en) | 2022-02-07 | 2022-02-07 | Full-cooling type gas static pressure main shaft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210115410.5A CN114589320A (en) | 2022-02-07 | 2022-02-07 | Full-cooling type gas static pressure main shaft |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114589320A true CN114589320A (en) | 2022-06-07 |
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ID=81806116
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210115410.5A Pending CN114589320A (en) | 2022-02-07 | 2022-02-07 | Full-cooling type gas static pressure main shaft |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114589320A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011106502A (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-06-02 | Ntn Corp | Static pressure gas bearing spindle |
| CN203316738U (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-12-04 | 北京微纳精密机械有限公司 | H-shaped porous gas static piezoelectric main shaft |
| CN203448683U (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2014-02-26 | 浙江日发精密机械股份有限公司 | Water-cooled motorized spindle device for precision numerically-controlled lathes |
| CN105195764A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2015-12-30 | 苏州陈那自动化技术有限公司 | Self-lubricating self-sealing graphite gas-floatation electrostatic pressure spindle structure |
| CN108941623A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-12-07 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of composite throttling formula static pressure air-bearing electro spindle |
-
2022
- 2022-02-07 CN CN202210115410.5A patent/CN114589320A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011106502A (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-06-02 | Ntn Corp | Static pressure gas bearing spindle |
| CN203316738U (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-12-04 | 北京微纳精密机械有限公司 | H-shaped porous gas static piezoelectric main shaft |
| CN203448683U (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2014-02-26 | 浙江日发精密机械股份有限公司 | Water-cooled motorized spindle device for precision numerically-controlled lathes |
| CN105195764A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2015-12-30 | 苏州陈那自动化技术有限公司 | Self-lubricating self-sealing graphite gas-floatation electrostatic pressure spindle structure |
| CN108941623A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-12-07 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of composite throttling formula static pressure air-bearing electro spindle |
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