WO2015074404A1

WO2015074404A1 - High-speed ball electric spindle

Info

Publication number: WO2015074404A1
Application number: PCT/CN2014/079296
Authority: WO
Inventors: 汤秀清
Original assignee: 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司
Priority date: 2013-11-20
Filing date: 2014-06-05
Publication date: 2015-05-28
Also published as: CN103658691B; CN103658691A

Abstract

A high-speed ball electric spindle (100) comprises a machine body (10) that is arranged with a first accommodating cavity (11), an aluminum water sleeve (30), a bearing seat (20), a rotor shaft core (41), a motor (42), a tool changing system (50) and an air cooling system (60). The machine body and the bearing seat are arranged in an enclosed manner to form a second accommodating cavity (21), and the bearing seat and the aluminum water sleeve are arranged in the enclosed manner to form a third accommodating cavity (31). The rotor shaft core runs through the first accommodating cavity, the second accommodating cavity and the third accommodating cavity. The air cooling system comprises a fan (61) and a cooling air channel (63), wherein the cooling air channel comprises several air inlets (631), several air outlets (633) and a first vent gutter (632). The fan is located in the third accommodating cavity and is driven by the motor to rotate together with the rotor shaft core.

Description

Ball high speed electric spindle technical field

The present invention relates to a ball high speed electric spindle, and more particularly to a ball high speed electric spindle with an air cooling system. Background technique

The electric spindle is a new technology that has integrated machine tool spindles and spindle motors in the field of CNC machine tools in recent years. Since the electric spindle integrates the motor into the spindle unit and the rotation speed is high, a large amount of heat is generated during operation, causing the temperature rise of the electric spindle, which deteriorates the thermal characteristics and dynamic characteristics of the electric spindle, thereby affecting the normal operation of the electric spindle. Summary of the invention

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a ball high speed electric spindle with an air cooling system.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses the following technical solutions:

A ball high-speed electric spindle comprises a body provided with a first receiving cavity, an aluminum water jacket, a bearing seat disposed between the body and the aluminum water jacket, a rotor shaft core, a motor, and a clamping tool for processing operations Tool change system and air cooling system. The body and the bearing seat are enclosed to form a second receiving cavity, and the bearing seat and the aluminum water jacket are encircled to form a third receiving cavity. The rotor core extends through the first receiving cavity, the second receiving cavity, and the third receiving cavity. The motor is disposed in the second receiving cavity for driving the rotor core to rotate. The air cooling system includes a fan disposed on the rotor core And a cooling air passage, the cooling air passage includes a plurality of air inlets disposed on the aluminum water jacket and communicating with the third receiving cavity, a plurality of air outlets disposed on the bearing seat, and a first ventilation connected between the plurality of air inlets and the air outlets Road. The fan is located in the third receiving cavity and is rotated together with the rotor core by the motor to introduce external air into the third receiving cavity through a plurality of air inlets, and the heat generated by the motor is discharged from the plurality of air outlets through the first air passage. .

The cooling air passage includes a wind shield disposed on the bearing seat surface, and the plurality of air outlets are shielded from the wind shield, and the wind shield and the bearing seat surface form a second air passage through which the airflow flowing out of the plurality of air outlets passes.

The second air passage is a plurality of heat dissipation ribs made of aluminum alloy disposed on the surface of the bearing housing. The rotor core is disposed in the direction of the first receiving cavity toward the third receiving cavity, and has three rows of lower bearing assemblies, a middle bearing assembly and an upper bearing assembly. The lower bearing assembly is disposed in the first receiving cavity, and the middle bearing assembly is disposed at the first The upper bearing assembly is disposed between the second receiving cavity and the third receiving cavity between the receiving cavity and the second receiving cavity.

The upper bearing assembly, the middle bearing assembly, and the lower bearing assembly are all ceramic ball bearings.

The upper bearing assembly includes two ceramic ball bearings, the middle bearing assembly includes a ceramic ball bearing, and the lower bearing assembly includes two ceramic ball bearings.

A ball high-speed electric spindle further includes a gas sealing system, the air sealing system includes an air inlet, an air flow passage, an air flow slot and an air outlet, which are disposed on the body and communicate with the first receiving cavity, and the air flow channel communicates with the air inlet and the lower air The bearing assembly is away from one end of the bottom of the first receiving cavity, and the air flow groove is connected between opposite ends of the lower bearing assembly, and the air outlet is connected between the body and the air flow groove.

The air flow slots are annular air flow slots that are disposed in communication with opposite ends of the lower bearing assembly. The tool change system includes a cylinder assembly, a push rod, an elastic member, a shaft, a disc spring, and an axial movement for clamping the rotor core; an elastic member is disposed between the cylinder assembly and the push rod to provide a restoring force; It is disposed in the rotor core and located between the push rod and the chuck. The disc spring abuts between the axle and the chuck and can be deformed when the push rod abuts the top axle. The chuck is disposed on the rotor core and the pusher. The opposite ends of the rods are rotatable at high speeds with the rotor core.

The motor is an AC synchronous motor, and the rotor core and the motor are both made of permanent magnets. In the ball high-speed electric spindle of the present invention, the upper end portion of the rotor core is provided with a fan which performs high-speed rotational motion together. The air flow generated by the fan takes away the heat generated by the motor work and reaches the role of the air-cooled motor. The heat dissipation method has a simple structure, saves energy, and reduces pollution. In addition, the ball high-speed electric spindle is provided with a gas sealing system, which can cool the lower bearing assembly and prevent impurities such as cutting fluid and oil from entering the body to damage the lower bearing assembly, thereby protecting and extending the use of the lower bearing assembly. life. DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of a ball high speed electric spindle of the present invention. Main component symbol description

100, ball high-speed electric spindle; 99, tool; 10, the body; 11, the first receiving cavity; 20, the bearing seat; 21, the second receiving cavity; 30, aluminum water jacket; 31, the third receiving cavity; 40, the shaft Core assembly; 41, rotor shaft core; 410, lower shaft ^ ^ and pieces; 412, center shaft ^ ^ and pieces; 414, upper bearing assembly; 42, motor; 43, rotor; 45, stator; 50, tool change system 51; Cylinder assembly; 53, push rod; 54, elastic member; 55, shaft tyrant; 58, disc spring; 59, collet; 60, air cooling system; 61, fan; 63, cooling air passage; 631, air inlet; , the first air duct; 633, air outlet; 634, windshield; 635, second air passage; 70, air seal system; 71, air inlet; 72, air flow passage; 73, air flow slot; 74, air outlet . detailed description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Referring to Figure 1, the present invention relates to a ball high speed electric spindle 100, which comprises a body

10. Bearing housing 20, aluminum water jacket 30, shaft core assembly 40, tool change system for replacing tool 99, air cooling system 60 and air sealing system 70. The body 10 is substantially T-shaped, and its central portion is recessed inward to form a first receiving cavity 11. The bearing housing 20 is disposed between the body 10 and the aluminum water jacket 30, and is disposed around the end of the body 10 to form a second receiving cavity 21. The aluminum water jacket 30 is disposed on the bearing housing 20 and is disposed to surround the end of the bearing housing 20 away from the body 10 to form a third receiving cavity 31. The first receiving cavity 11, the second receiving cavity 21 and the third receiving cavity 31 communicate with each other.

Axle core assembly 40 includes

The motor 42 includes a rotor 43 disposed on the rotor core 41 and a stator 45 mated with the rotor 43. The rotor 43 and the stator 45 are disposed in the second housing chamber 21. During operation, when the required three-phase AC variable frequency voltage is input to the stator 45, the rotor 43 drives the rotor core 41 to perform high-speed rotational motion under the driving of the stator 45. The rotor core 41 extends through the first receiving cavity

11. Between the second receiving cavity 21 and the third receiving cavity 31. The rotor core 41 is sequentially sleeved from the first receiving cavity 11 to the third receiving cavity 31 with a lower bearing assembly 410 and a middle bearing set. Piece 412 and upper bearing assembly 414 three volleyball bearings. The lower bearing assembly 410 is disposed at the bottom of the first receiving cavity 11. The middle bearing assembly 412 is disposed between the first receiving cavity 11 and the second receiving cavity 21 . The upper bearing assembly 414 is disposed between the second receiving cavity 21 and the third receiving cavity 31. In the present embodiment, the motor 42 is an AC synchronous motor. The rotor core 41 and the motor 42 are both made of permanent magnets, which is advantageous for improving electromagnetic conversion efficiency and reducing electromagnetic loss. The lower bearing assembly 410, the middle bearing assembly 412, and the upper bearing assembly 414 are all ceramic ball bearings. There are two lower bearing assemblies 410, one middle bearing assembly 412, and one upper bearing assembly 414. In this way, the ball high-speed electric spindle 100 is ensured to have sufficient rigidity in the axial direction and the radial direction at high speed to ensure the processing quality and service life of the ball high-speed electric spindle 100.

The tool change system 50 is mounted to the bearing housing 20 via an aluminum water jacket 30, which includes a cylinder assembly 51, a push rod 53, an elastic member 54, a shaft 55, a disc spring 58, and a collet 59. The push rod 53 is coupled to the cylinder assembly 51 and penetrates the rotor core 41 in a direction in which the third housing chamber 31 is directed toward the first housing chamber 11. The elastic member 54 is disposed between the cylinder assembly 51 and the push rod 53 to provide a restoring force. The axle 55 is disposed in the rotor core 41 and opposed to the push rod 53. The disc spring 58 abuts between the axle 55 and the collet 59 and is deformable under the compression of the axle 55. The collet 59 is coupled to the end of the rotor core 41 and is rotatable with the rotor core 41 at a high speed. An end of the collet 59 opposite to the disc spring 58 is exposed outside the rotor core 41 for holding the cutter 99.

The air cooling system 60 includes a fan 61 and a cooling air passage 63. The fan 61 is disposed at the top end of the rotor core 41 and is located in the third receiving cavity 31 surrounded by the shaft seat 20 and the aluminum water jacket 30, and can rotate with the rotor core 41 at a high speed to form surrounding air. The airflow takes away the heat generated by the motor 42. The size of the rotation of the fan 61 is the same as the rotation speed of the rotor core 41. The cooling air passage 63 includes a plurality of air inlets 631 disposed on the surface of the aluminum water jacket 30, a plurality of first air passages 632, a plurality of air outlets 633, and a wind shield 634. A plurality of air inlets 631 are spaced and dispersedly disposed on the surface of the aluminum water jacket 30 and communicate with the third receiving cavity 31. A plurality of first air passages 632 are circumferentially disposed on the surface of the bearing housing 20 and communicate with the plurality of air outlets 633. In this embodiment, the plurality of first air passages 632 disposed on the axle housing 20 are a plurality of heat dissipation ribs made of aluminum alloy, and the airflow can take away most of the heat generated by the motor 42 and pass through the heat dissipation ribs. A number of air outlets 633 flow out. The windshield 634 is generally L-shaped, one end of which is mounted on the surface of the bearing housing 20, and the other end is spaced apart from the bearing housing 20 and forms a second air passage 635 surrounding the surface of the bearing housing 20. A plurality of air outlets 633 are blocked in the wind shields 634. When the airflow flows from the plurality of air outlets 633 through the second air passages 635, the motor 42 located in the second receiving cavity 21 is further dissipated.

The air sealing system 70 includes an air inlet 71, an air flow passage 72, an air flow groove 73, and an air outlet 74 that are disposed on the body 10 and communicate with the first receiving cavity 11. The air inlet 71 is disposed at one end of the body 10 away from the lower bearing assembly 410, and is supplied by an external air source. The air flow passage 72 communicates between the air inlet 71 and the end of the lower bearing assembly 410 away from the bottom of the first receiving cavity 11. The air flow groove 73 communicates with the lower shaft and between opposite ends of the member 410. The air outlet 74 is in communication with the air flow groove 73. In the present embodiment, the air flow groove 73 is an annular air flow groove that surrounds the ends of the lower bearing assembly 410. The air outlet 74 is also not additionally provided, but is formed by a gap between the body 10 and the collet 59. The lower bearing assembly 410 includes two ceramic ball shafts. The pressurized air that is introduced into the lower shaft and the shaft at the top of the member 410 passes through the air flow passage 72. The inside of the bearing body enters the bearing at the bottom of the lower bearing assembly 410 through the air flow groove 73, and finally flows out of the body 10 through the gap between the body 10 and the collet 59. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the shape of the air flow groove 73 and the shape and position of the air outlet 74 can be determined according to user requirements, and are not limited herein.

In operation, the stator 45 of the motor 42 inputs a required three-phase AC variable frequency voltage to drive the rotor core 41 for high-speed rotational motion, so that the chuck 59 mounted on the rotor core 41 clamps the required tool 99 for high efficiency. High-precision engraving and milling. Among them, the operator can control the speed of the electric spindle by adjusting the size of the input three-phase AC variable voltage according to the actual processing requirements. Among them, the maximum speed can reach 30,000 rpm. In this process, the fan 61 rotates with the rotor core 41 at a high speed, and the external cold air flows into the third receiving cavity 31 from the plurality of air inlets 631 in the direction indicated by the arrow 并 and carries the hot air in the third receiving cavity 31 through a plurality of The first air passage 632 is exhausted by a plurality of air outlets 633. The discharged air stream then carries away heat from the surface of the bearing housing 20 via the second air passage 635 to further dissipate heat from the motor 42 located in the second receiving chamber 21. At the same time, in operation, the required pressure air is introduced into the air inlet 71, and the pressurized air enters one end of the lower bearing assembly 410 through the air flow passage 72, and then enters the other end of the lower bearing assembly 410 through the air flow groove 73, and finally from the air outlet 74. (The gap between the body 10 and the collet 59) flows out of the body 10. In this way, the heat generated by the friction of the lower bearing assembly 410 during operation can be taken away, so that the inside of the body 10 is kept unblocked, and impurities such as cutting fluid and oil dirt are prevented from entering the inside of the body 10 to damage the lower bearing assembly 410, thereby protecting and extending the lower bearing assembly 410. The service life.

When the tool change is required, the motor 42 is stopped, and the rotor core 41 is in a state of completely stopping the movement. Passing the required pressure from the top cover (not numbered) of the cylinder assembly 51 The air, the pressurized air pushes the piston (not labeled) inside the cylinder assembly 51 and the push rod 53 to move downward. After the end face of the push rod 53 contacts the shaft 55, the shaft 55 is further pushed downward, and the outer surface of the chuck 59 is separated from the inner cone surface of the rotor core 41 by the compression coil spring 58. At this time, the chuck 59 is opened, and the cutter 99 is released, and the required cutter 99 can be replaced. After the replacement of the cutter 99 is completed, the pressurized air is closed, and the elastic member 54 drives the push rod 53 to move upward together with the piston. At this time, the end face of the push rod 53 is separated from the shaft 55, the disc spring 58 is reset and the chuck 59 and the cutter 99 are moved upward, the chuck 59 is tightened, the cutter 99 is clamped, and the entire tool change operation is completed.

In the ball high-speed electric spindle 100 of the present invention, the upper end portion of the rotor core 41 is provided with a fan 61 which performs high-speed rotational motion together, and the air flow generated by the fan 61 takes away the heat generated by the operation of the motor 42 to reach the air-cooled motor 42. effect. This type of heat dissipation is simple in structure, saves energy and reduces pollution. In addition, the ball high speed electric spindle 100 is provided with a gas sealing system 70, which can prevent the cutting fluid, oil and the like from entering the body 10 and damaging the lower bearing assembly 410 while cooling the lower bearing assembly 410, thereby protecting and extending. The service life of the lower bearing assembly 410.

Various other changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above-described technical solutions and modifications, and all such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

Claim

A ball high speed electric spindle, comprising: a body provided with a first receiving cavity, an aluminum water jacket, a bearing seat disposed between the body and the aluminum water jacket, a rotor core, a motor, and a clamping The tool changing system and the air cooling system for the machining operation; the body and the bearing seat are enclosed to form a second receiving cavity, and the bearing seat and the aluminum water jacket are arranged to form a third receiving cavity; the rotor core extends through the first receiving cavity, Between the second receiving cavity and the third receiving cavity, the motor is disposed in the second receiving cavity for driving the rotor core to rotate; the air cooling system includes a fan disposed on the rotor core and a cooling air passage, and the cooling air passage includes a setting a plurality of air inlets communicating with the third receiving cavity on the aluminum water jacket, a plurality of air outlets disposed on the bearing housing, and a first air passage connecting the plurality of air inlets and the air outlets; the fan is located in the third receiving cavity Rotating with the rotor core under the driving of the motor to introduce external air into the third receiving cavity from a plurality of air inlets and generating heat from the motor through the first air passage The tuyere is discharged.

2. The ball high speed electric spindle according to claim 1, wherein: the cooling air passage comprises a wind shield disposed on the bearing seat surface, and the plurality of air outlets are shielded from the wind shield, the wind shield and the bearing seat surface. A second air passage is formed through which the airflow flowing out of the plurality of air outlets passes.

3. The ball high speed electric spindle according to claim 1, wherein the second air passage is a plurality of heat radiating ribs made of an aluminum alloy disposed on a surface of the bearing housing.

4. The ball high speed electric spindle according to claim 1, wherein: the rotor core is arranged in the direction of the first receiving cavity toward the third receiving cavity, and three rows of lower bearing assemblies, a middle bearing assembly and an upper bearing assembly are arranged in sequence. The bearing assembly is disposed in the first receiving cavity, the middle bearing assembly is disposed between the first receiving cavity and the second receiving cavity, the upper bearing set The component is disposed between the second receiving cavity and the third receiving cavity.

5. The ball high speed electric spindle according to claim 4, wherein the upper bearing assembly, the intermediate bearing assembly and the lower bearing assembly are ceramic ball bearings.

6. The ball high speed electric spindle according to claim 4, wherein: the upper bearing assembly comprises two ceramic ball bearings, the middle bearing assembly comprises a ceramic ball bearing, and the lower bearing assembly comprises two ceramic ball bearings.

7. The ball high speed electric spindle according to claim 4, further comprising: a gas sealing system, wherein the gas sealing system comprises an air inlet, an air flow passage, an air flow slot, and a gas passage disposed on the body and communicating with the first receiving cavity; An air outlet, the air flow passage is connected between the air inlet and the lower bearing assembly away from the bottom of the first receiving cavity, and the air flow groove is connected between the opposite ends of the lower bearing assembly, the air outlet is connected between the air body and the air flow slot .

8. The ball high speed electric spindle according to claim 1, wherein the air flow groove is provided with an annular air flow groove communicating with opposite ends of the lower bearing assembly.

9. The ball high speed electric spindle according to claim 1, wherein: the tool change system comprises a cylinder assembly, a push rod, an elastic member, a shaft, a disc spring, and an axial movement of a shaft for holding the cutter. The elastic member is disposed between the cylinder assembly and the push rod to provide a restoring force; the axle is disposed in the rotor core and located between the push rod and the collet, and the disc spring abuts between the shaft and the collet and The deformation can be made when the push rod abuts against the top shaft. The chuck is disposed at the end of the rotor core opposite the push rod and can rotate at a high speed with the rotor shaft.

The ball high speed electric spindle according to claim 1, wherein the motor is an AC synchronous motor, and the rotor core and the motor are both made of permanent magnets.