CN114589198A - In-situ stabilizing material for multiple heavy metals in acidic arsenic slag and application method thereof - Google Patents
In-situ stabilizing material for multiple heavy metals in acidic arsenic slag and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114589198A CN114589198A CN202210298557.2A CN202210298557A CN114589198A CN 114589198 A CN114589198 A CN 114589198A CN 202210298557 A CN202210298557 A CN 202210298557A CN 114589198 A CN114589198 A CN 114589198A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention provides an in-situ stabilizing material for multiple heavy metals in acidic arsenic slag and an application method thereof, belonging to the technical field of environmental engineering. The stabilizing material is solid waste, namely thermal desorption slag, which is obtained after oil products are recovered by thermal desorption of oil sludge falling to the ground, and the thermal desorption slag is ground to be less than 75 mu m to obtain the stabilizing material for various heavy metals in the acidic arsenic slag. The main chemical compositions of the thermal desorption slag are 17.00-43.12% of CaO and 29.84-58.02% of SiO2、6.78～9.53％Al2O3、3.25～5.19％SO3、4.01～5.32％MgO、3.93～5.89％Fe2O3The main minerals are quartz, metakaolin, calcite, calcium hydroxide and muscovite, and the specific surface area is 1.144-8.625 m2(ii)/g, the average pore diameter is 16.67 to 34.93 nm. The invention takes thermal desorption slag As a heavy metal stabilizing material, stabilizes As, Zn, Cu and Cd in the acidic arsenic slag through chemical precipitation and ion exchange action, reduces the dissolution, migration and diffusion of heavy metals in the acidic arsenic slag, and improves the safety of the acidic arsenic slagThe treatment effect is good. Simple treatment process, low cost and better engineering application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, in particular to an in-situ stabilizing material for various heavy metals in acidic arsenic slag and an application method thereof.
Background
China arsenic (As) resource accounts for 70% of the worldwide proven As reserves, and generally 1 ton of As is produced2O3The finished product needs to be calcined by 6-8 tons of ore, wherein 80% of the ore is piled up in the form of slag. The acid arsenic slag contains a large amount of heavy metals such As As, Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn and the like, wherein the content of As is the highest, and for historical reasons, a storage yard of the acid arsenic slag is not properly treated, is stored in the open air and is flushed by surface runoff and rainwater, and the heavy metals in the acid arsenic slag gradually migrate to the surrounding environment to cause water and soil pollution at the periphery. Therefore, the first stabilization treatment and then the in-situ treatment of the heavy metal in the acidic arsenic slag become an extremely important safe treatment technology, and the key of the technology is to develop an economic and efficient heavy metal stabilization material. Currently, commonly used low cost heavy metal stabilizing materials include natural mineral materials and solid waste materials. The natural mineral materials mainly comprise clay minerals, lime/limestone, phosphorus-containing minerals, iron-containing minerals and the like, have the advantages of abundant reserves, low price, environmental friendliness and the like, and are widely applied. Some solid wastes can effectively stabilize heavy metals through the actions of adsorption complexation, chemical precipitation, ion exchange and the like due to the special physical and chemical properties of the solid wastes, so that the solid wastes become economic and effective heavy metal stabilizing materials. However, the research and application of the heavy metal stabilizing material in the arsenic slag are not many at present, and only a few relevant research reports exist. The arsenic slag stabilizing material is prepared by adopting carbide slag, mine iron-containing waste slag and agricultural waste straw As raw materials, wherein the As stabilizing rate can reach 99.5%; the material is flyash and/or slag, calcium lime, calcium sulfate, etc. and can cure arsenic slag effectively and lower AsThe leaching toxicity of (2). In the Luwei industry, arsenic-containing waste residues are fixed/stabilized by cement and red mud, and the As leaching concentration is 2.08mg/L when only cement is used for treatment; when 10% of red mud by mass is doped into cement, the leaching concentration of As is reduced to 0.68mg/L, so that the red mud doped into the cement is beneficial to improving the stabilizing effect of arsenic-containing waste residue.
The thermal desorption slag is solid waste generated after oil products are recovered from the falling oil sludge in the petrochemical industry through thermal desorption, and the thermal desorption temperature is generally 100-600 ℃. While the oil product in the oil sludge falling to the ground is recovered by thermal desorption, the solid phase components, particularly the clay mineral in the oil sludge, have changed pores and interlayer spaces, and become thermal desorption slag with certain activity and adsorption capacity and stable performance. At present, the treatment and application of thermal desorption slag mainly comprise direct backfilling and processing into roadbed materials, sintered bricks, baking-free bricks and the like, and relevant reports of the application of the thermal desorption slag as a heavy metal stabilizing material are not seen yet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an in-situ stabilizing material for multiple heavy metals in acid arsenic slag and an application method thereof, and aims to stabilize the heavy metals in the acid arsenic slag by utilizing solid waste of thermal desorption slag to make the solid waste become a solid waste material for in-situ stabilizing the multiple heavy metals in the acid arsenic slag.
And grinding the thermal desorption slag to be less than 75 mu m to obtain the in-situ stabilizing material for multiple heavy metals in the acidic arsenic slag, wherein the content of organic matters in the thermal desorption slag is 0.20-3.99%.
The thermal desorption slag is solid waste obtained after thermal desorption treatment of the oil sludge falling to the ground, and the main chemical composition of the thermal desorption slag is 17.00-43.12% of CaO and 29.84-58.02% of SiO2、6.78～9.53％Al2O3、3.25～5.19％SO3、4.01～5.32％MgO、3.93～5.89％Fe2O3。
The main minerals in the thermal desorption slag are quartz, metakaolin, calcite, calcium hydroxide and muscovite.
The specific surface area of the thermal desorption slag is 1.144-8.625 m2The total pore volume is 0.004-0.058 cm3(ii) a mean pore diameter of 16.67 to 34.93nm。
The total amount of various heavy metals in the acidic arsenic slag comprises 1.8-76800 mg/kg, 102.65-2043 mg/kg, 70.50-1376 mg/kg and 6.13-570 mg/kg of As, Zn, Cu and Cd respectively, and the pH value of the acidic arsenic slag is 3.36-4.02. According to the 'hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification' (GB 5085.3-2007), the arsenic slag has high heavy metal leaching toxicity and is a hazardous solid waste.
The application method of the stabilizing material specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, crushing the acidic arsenic slag, then fully and uniformly mixing the acidic arsenic slag and a stabilizing material, adding water with the total solid mass of 15-25%, uniformly stirring, filling the mixture into a plastic tank, compacting and sealing, and finally, carrying out a stabilizing reaction for 10-60 days under the conditions that the ambient temperature is 15-35 ℃ and the humidity is 75-85%, so as to realize in-situ stabilization of various heavy metals in the acidic arsenic slag.
Wherein, the acid arsenic slag is naturally dried and then crushed to be less than 2 mm.
The mixing amount of the stabilizing material accounts for 1-5% of the mass of the acidic arsenic slag.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows:
dissolving calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate in the thermal desorption slag to release Ca2+、OH-、CO3 2-，CO3 2-Hydrolysis continues to release OH-Neutralizing the acidity of the acidic arsenic slag, and improving the pH value:
Ca(OH)2→Ca2++2OH-
CaCO3→Ca2++CO3 2-
ca produced2+Reacting with the oxygen acid radical of arsenic to generate Ca-As compound precipitate:
Ca2++2AsO2 -→Ca(AsO2)2↓
Ca2++HAsO4 2-＝CaHAsO4↓
5Ca2++3HAsO4 2-+4OH-＝Ca5(AsO4)3OH↓+3H2O
OH produced–And CO3 2-Reacting with heavy metal cations to generate hydroxide and carbonate precipitates:
M2++2OH–→M(OH)2↓
M2++CO3 2-→MCO3↓
where M ═ Zn, Cu, Cd, and the like.
Copper carbonate is very easy to generate double hydrolysis in aqueous solution to generate basic copper carbonate:
2CuCO3+H2O→Cu2(OH)2CO3↓+CO2↑
in addition, heavy metal cations can also pass through K in a layered structure of metakaolin and muscovite+、Na+、Mg2+And the ions exchange is carried out to realize the stabilization.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention applies the solid waste of the thermal desorption slag as the heavy metal stabilizing material in the acid arsenic slag for the first time, realizes the treatment of waste by waste, and can simultaneously solve the problems of resource utilization of the thermal desorption slag and harmlessness of the acid arsenic slag.
2. The thermal desorption slag is cheap and easy to obtain, can be used as a stabilizing material only by grinding, has simple treatment process and low cost, and has better engineering application prospect.
3. The thermal desorption slag is alkaline, has strong acid neutralization capacity, can effectively improve the pH value of the acidic arsenic slag, and reduces the dissolution, migration and diffusion of heavy metals.
4. The thermal desorption slag can effectively stabilize various heavy metals in the acid arsenic slag, and the safe disposal of the acid arsenic slag is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the method for in-situ stabilization of various heavy metals in acidic arsenic slag according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a first scanning electron micrograph of thermal desorption slag used in the examples of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the energy spectrum analysis at A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a second scanning electron microscope image of thermal desorption slag used in the examples of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the energy spectrum analysis at B in FIG. 4.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides an in-situ stabilizing material for various heavy metals in acidic arsenic slag and an application method thereof, namely thermal desorption slag and an application method thereof.
And grinding the thermal desorption slag to be less than 75 mu m to obtain the in-situ stabilizing material for multiple heavy metals in the acidic arsenic slag, wherein the content of organic matters in the thermal desorption slag is 0.20-3.99%.
The thermal desorption slag is solid waste obtained after thermal desorption treatment of the oil sludge falling to the ground, and the main chemical composition of the thermal desorption slag is 17.00-43.12% of CaO and 29.84-58.02% of SiO2、6.78～9.53％Al2O3、3.25～5.19％SO3、4.01～5.32％MgO、3.93～5.89％Fe2O3。
Scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis of the thermal desorption slag are shown in fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5.
The main minerals in the thermal desorption slag are quartz, metakaolin, calcite, calcium hydroxide and muscovite.
The specific surface area of the thermal desorption slag is 1.144-8.625 m2The total pore volume is 0.004-0.058 cm3(ii)/g, the average pore diameter is 16.67 to 34.93 nm.
The acid arsenic slag contains various heavy metals including As, Zn, Cu and Cd, the total amount of the heavy metals is 1.8-76800 mg/kg, 102.65-2043 mg/kg, 70.50-1376 mg/kg and 6.13-570 mg/kg, and the pH value is 3.36-4.02.
As shown in fig. 1, the application method of the stabilizing material specifically comprises:
firstly, crushing the acidic arsenic slag, then fully and uniformly mixing the acidic arsenic slag and a stabilizing material, adding water with the total solid mass of 15-25%, uniformly stirring, filling the mixture into a plastic tank, compacting and sealing, and finally, carrying out a stabilizing reaction for 10-60 days under the conditions that the ambient temperature is 15-35 ℃ and the humidity is 75-85%, so as to realize in-situ stabilization of various heavy metals in the acidic arsenic slag.
The following description is given with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Adding thermal desorption slag with the mass of 2 percent of the arsenic slag, which is ground to be less than 75 mu m, into the acidic arsenic slag, uniformly mixing, adding 20 percent of water, uniformly stirring, filling the mixture into a plastic tank, compacting and sealing, reacting at 30 ℃ for 10 days, then taking out, drying at 60 ℃, wherein the stabilization rates of heavy metals in the arsenic slag are respectively As 74.29 percent, Zn 89.63 percent, Cu 99.85 percent and Cd 90.75 percent, and the pH of the stabilized arsenic slag is 5.86.
Example 2
Adding thermal desorption slag with the mass of 4 percent of arsenic slag, which is ground to be less than 75 mu m, into the acidic arsenic slag, uniformly mixing, adding 20 percent of water, uniformly stirring, filling the mixture into a plastic tank, compacting and sealing, reacting for 10 days at 20 ℃, taking out, drying at 60 ℃, wherein the stabilization rates of heavy metals in the arsenic slag are respectively As 63.90 percent, Zn 99.83 percent, Cu 99.99 percent and Cd 99.42 percent, and the pH of the stabilized arsenic slag is 7.17.
Example 3
Adding 3% of thermal desorption slag powder with the mass of less than 75 mu m into acid arsenic slag, uniformly mixing, adding 20% of water, uniformly stirring, filling into a plastic tank, compacting, sealing, reacting at 15 ℃ for 30d, taking out, drying at 60 ℃, wherein the heavy metal stabilization rates in the arsenic slag are respectively 64.92% of As, 97.04% of Zn, 99.55% of Cu and 96.15% of Cd, and the pH of the stabilized arsenic slag is 6.48.
Example 4
Adding thermal desorption slag with the mass of 5 percent of arsenic slag, which is ground to be less than 75 mu m, into the acidic arsenic slag, uniformly mixing, adding 20 percent of water, uniformly stirring, filling into a plastic tank, compacting, sealing, reacting at 25 ℃ for 30d, taking out, drying at 60 ℃, wherein the stabilization rates of heavy metals in the arsenic slag are respectively 45.25 percent of As, 99.99 percent of Zn, 99.99 percent of Cu and 99.85 percent of Cd, and the pH of the stabilized arsenic slag is 7.50.
Example 5
Adding thermal desorption slag with the mass of 3 percent of arsenic slag, which is ground to be less than 75 mu m, into the acidic arsenic slag, uniformly mixing, adding 20 percent of water, uniformly stirring, filling into a plastic tank, compacting, sealing, reacting at 20 ℃ for 60 days, taking out, drying at 60 ℃, wherein the heavy metal stabilization rates in the arsenic slag are respectively As 51.87 percent, Zn 94.36 percent, Cu 99.72 percent and Cd 93.75 percent, and the pH of the stabilized arsenic slag is 6.38.
Example 6
Adding thermal desorption slag with the mass of 4 percent of arsenic slag, which is ground to be less than 75 mu m, into the acidic arsenic slag, uniformly mixing, adding 20 percent of water, uniformly stirring, filling into a plastic tank, compacting, sealing, reacting at 35 ℃ for 60 days, taking out, drying at 60 ℃, wherein the stabilization rates of heavy metals in the arsenic slag are respectively 25.74 percent of As, 99.92 percent of Zn, 99.71 percent of Cu and 96.01 percent of Cd, and the pH of the stabilized arsenic slag is 7.26.
The dosage of the stabilizing material and the repair time can effectively reduce the leaching concentration of As, Zn, Cu and Cd in the acidic arsenic slag, achieve higher stabilization rate, and realize the stabilization and safe disposal of the acidic arsenic slag.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The in-situ stabilizing material for multiple heavy metals in acidic arsenic slag is characterized in that thermal desorption slag is ground to be less than 75 micrometers to obtain the in-situ stabilizing material for multiple heavy metals in acidic arsenic slag, wherein the content of organic matters in the thermal desorption slag is 0.20-3.99%.
2. The in-situ stabilizing material for multiple heavy metals in acidic arsenic slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the thermal desorption slag is as follows: 17.00 to 43.12 percent of CaO, 29.84 to 58.02 percent of SiO2、6.78～9.53％Al2O3、3.25～5.19％SO3、4.01～5.32％MgO、3.93～5.89％Fe2O3。
3. The in-situ stabilizing material for multiple heavy metals in acidic arsenic slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the minerals in the thermal desorption slag comprise quartz, metakaolin, calcite, calcium hydroxide and muscovite.
4. The in-situ stabilizing material for multiple heavy metals in acidic arsenic slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific surface area of the thermal desorption slag is 1.144-8.625 m2The total pore volume is 0.004-0.058 cm3The average pore diameter is 16.67-34.93 nm.
5. The in-situ stabilizing material for multiple heavy metals in the acidic arsenic slag As claimed in claim 1, wherein the total amount of the multiple heavy metals in the acidic arsenic slag comprises 1.8-76800 mg/kg, 102.65-2043 mg/kg, 70.50-1376 mg/kg and 6.13-570 mg/kg, and the pH of the acidic arsenic slag is 3.36-4.02.
6. The application method of the in-situ stabilizing material for the heavy metals in the acidic arsenic slag according to claim 1, wherein the acidic arsenic slag is crushed, then the acidic arsenic slag and the stabilizing material are fully mixed, water with the total solid mass of 15-25% is added, the mixture is uniformly stirred, the mixture is filled into a plastic tank, compacted and sealed, and finally, the stabilization reaction is carried out for 10-60 days under the conditions that the environmental temperature is 15-35 ℃ and the humidity is 75-85%, so that the in-situ stabilization of the heavy metals in the acidic arsenic slag is realized.
7. The method for applying the in-situ stabilizing material for the multiple heavy metals in the acidic arsenic slag as claimed in claim 6, wherein the acidic arsenic slag is naturally air-dried and then crushed to less than 2 mm.
8. The application method of the in-situ stabilizing material for multiple heavy metals in the acidic arsenic slag as claimed in claim 6, wherein the content of the stabilizing material is 1-5% of the mass of the acidic arsenic slag.
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