CN114587577B - Device for laser ablation - Google Patents
Device for laser ablation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114587577B CN114587577B CN202210208765.9A CN202210208765A CN114587577B CN 114587577 B CN114587577 B CN 114587577B CN 202210208765 A CN202210208765 A CN 202210208765A CN 114587577 B CN114587577 B CN 114587577B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- quartz glass
- scattering
- particles
- head
- laser ablation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 256
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004812 Fluorinated ethylene propylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- NCGICGYLBXGBGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-morpholin-4-yl-1-oxa-3-azonia-2-azanidacyclopent-3-en-5-imine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[N-]1OC(=N)C=[N+]1N1CCOCC1 NCGICGYLBXGBGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000002595 magnetic resonance imaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007526 fusion splicing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012567 medical material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011369 resultant mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B18/24—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor with a catheter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
- A61B2018/00577—Ablation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B2018/2205—Characteristics of fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
- A61B2018/2255—Optical elements at the distal end of probe tips
- A61B2018/2261—Optical elements at the distal end of probe tips with scattering, diffusion or dispersion of light
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Laser Surgery Devices (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a device for laser ablation and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the device for laser ablation comprises a quartz glass optical fiber and a quartz glass scattering head, and in some cases a joint and/or a sleeve, wherein the quartz glass optical fiber and the quartz glass scattering head are connected through electric discharge welding, and the quartz glass scattering head is of a quartz glass structure containing scattering particles. The device for laser ablation has higher structural strength through discharge welding, and the laser scattered in the radial direction has relatively uniform strength through the structural design of the quartz glass scattering head.
Description
The application relates to a device for laser ablation, which is a divisional application of China patent application with the application number 201810633280.8, and is filed on the date of 2018, 6 and 19.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a device for laser ablation.
Background
Research into laser ablation for treating diseases such as tumors and epilepsy has made great progress since the beginning of the 80 s of the 20 th century. There is a constant search for ways to improve laser emission, from direct emission to directional reflection, to gradual expansion of the range by optical means such as lenses. Although directionally reflective fiber optic probes have great utility in accurate ablation, too small an ablation range has been an unavoidable disadvantage.
In recent years, efforts have been made to provide a laser beam radially-emitting target, such as a scattering fiber probe that uses a chemically etched cladding to form a radial light-emitting region at the end of an optical fiber; a scattering fiber optic probe is formed by machining a spiral cut in the cladding of the fiber end. However, the chemical corrosion or mechanical method is used to form scattering areas on the optical fiber shell, which affects the consistency of the optical fiber structure, and the scattered light in an ideal range can not be formed generally, so that a more ideal and uniform ablation effect is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a device for laser ablation that has a compact structural design, strong structural strength, simple manufacturing process, small diameter, and relatively uniform intensity of the laser light scattered in the axial direction. Methods of making devices for laser ablation are also provided.
In one aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for laser ablation comprising: a silica glass optical fiber and a silica glass scattering head; wherein the far end of the quartz glass optical fiber and the near end of the quartz glass scattering head are connected by electric discharge welding, and the quartz glass scattering head is of a quartz glass structure containing scattering particles.
According to a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a device for laser ablation, wherein scattering particles in a quartz glass scattering head are uniformly distributed.
According to another preferred embodiment, the invention provides a device for laser ablation, wherein the concentration of scattering particles in the quartz glass scattering head varies from proximal to distal along the axis. Further, the size of the scattering particles is also different, and the scattering particles become larger or smaller from the proximal end to the distal end, and the size of the scattering particles becomes larger or smaller gradually or stepwise.
An apparatus for laser ablation as in any of the preceding claims, wherein the scattering particles in the silica glass scattering head are selected from any of the following: bubbles, solid scattering particles, both bubbles and solid scattering particles. In some embodiments, certain portions of the quartz glass scattering head may contain only gas bubbles or solid scattering particles, while other portions may contain both gas bubbles and solid scattering particles.
Still further, in the apparatus for laser ablation provided by the present invention, the gas in the bubble is selected from any one of the following: air, nitrogen and helium; the solid scattering particles are selected from any one of the following: metal particles having a melting point higher than that of the silica particles, metal oxide particles having a melting point higher than that of the silica particles, and mixtures of the foregoing. More specifically, the solid scattering particles are selected from any one of: zirconium dioxide particles, titanium dioxide particles, and mixtures of zirconium dioxide particles and titanium dioxide particles.
According to a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a device for laser ablation, wherein the distal end of the quartz glass scattering head is connected to a conical light-transmitting quartz glass material.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides an apparatus for laser ablation that further includes a connector for connection to a laser generator, which connector may be any suitable connector.
Further, the device for laser ablation provided by the invention further comprises a sleeve. In some embodiments, the cannula is a single layer cannula; in other embodiments, the jacket is a multi-layer cooling jacket; the material of the sleeve is selected from any one of the following: polycarbonate (polycarbonate), polyurethane (polyurethane), polyethylene, polypropylene, silicone, nylon, polyvinylchloride, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ABS plastic (Acrylonitrile Butadiene STYRENE PLASTIC), polyethylene succinate (PES), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP).
According to a preferred embodiment, in the device for laser ablation provided by the invention, the coolant in the cooling jacket may be a liquid or a gas, preferably physiological saline is used as the coolant.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides an apparatus for laser ablation comprising a silica glass optical fiber, a silica glass scattering head, a joint and a cannula.
In one embodiment, the invention provides an apparatus for laser ablation in which a quartz glass scattering head is composed of at least two sections containing different concentrations of scattering particles, the different sections being connected by an electric discharge welding.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a device for laser ablation, wherein the quartz glass scattering head consists of two parts containing different concentrations of scattering particles.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a device for laser ablation, wherein the quartz glass scattering head consists of three parts containing different concentrations of scattering particles.
In another preferred embodiment, the invention provides a device for laser ablation, wherein the quartz glass scattering head consists of three parts containing scattering particles of different concentrations, the different parts being connected by means of electric discharge welding, wherein the scattering particles of the third part are bubbles, the scattering particles of the second part are bubbles and solid scattering particles, and the scattering particles of the first part are solid scattering particles. Further, in some embodiments, the concentration of the scattering particles in the third portion is less than the concentration of the scattering particles in the second portion, which is less than the concentration of the scattering particles in the first portion. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a device for laser ablation that omits one of the first portion, the second portion, and the third portion.
In another preferred embodiment, the invention provides an apparatus for laser ablation, wherein the silica glass scattering head is composed of three sections containing scattering particles of different sizes, the different sections being connected by electric discharge welding, wherein the average diameter of the bubbles of the third section is larger than the average diameter of the bubbles of the second section, the bubble diameter of the second section is larger than the bubble diameter of the first section, the proximal end of the third section is connected to the silica glass optical fiber, the distal end of the third section is connected to the proximal end of the second section, and the distal end of the second section is connected to the proximal end of the first section.
In a further preferred embodiment, the invention provides an apparatus for laser ablation, wherein the silica glass scattering head consists of three sections containing scattering particles of different sizes, the different sections being connected by means of electric discharge welding, wherein the mean diameter of the solid scattering particles of the third section is smaller than the mean diameter of the solid scattering particles of the second section, the mean diameter of the solid scattering particles of the second section is smaller than the mean diameter of the solid scattering particles of the first section, the proximal end of the third section being connected to the silica glass optical fiber, the distal end of the third section being connected to the proximal end of the second section, the distal end of the second section being connected to the proximal end of the first section.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for laser ablation comprising a silica glass optical fiber, a silica glass cannula, a gel containing scattering particles; the quartz glass sleeve is connected with the cladding of the quartz glass optical fiber through electric discharge welding, the inner diameter of the quartz glass sleeve is not smaller than the outer diameter of the cladding of the quartz glass optical fiber, and gel containing scattering particles is positioned in a cylindrical cavity formed by connecting the quartz glass sleeve and the cladding of the quartz glass optical fiber.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides the apparatus for laser ablation of the second aspect, wherein the concentration of scattering particles in the gel varies from proximal to distal along the axis. Further, in a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides the apparatus for laser ablation of the second aspect, wherein the gel is divided into a third portion, a second portion and a first portion from the proximal end to the distal end according to the concentration of the scattering particles, the concentration of the scattering particles in the third portion being smaller than the concentration of the scattering particles in the second portion, the concentration of the scattering particles in the second portion being smaller than the concentration of the scattering particles in the first portion.
In another preferred embodiment, the present invention provides the device for laser ablation of the second aspect, further comprising a joint. In another preferred embodiment, the present invention provides the apparatus for laser ablation of the second aspect, further comprising a cannula. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides the apparatus for laser ablation of the second aspect, further comprising a cannula and a connector. Further, the sleeve may be a single layer sleeve or a cooling sleeve.
The device for laser ablation described above is particularly suitable for surgery performed on the brain. The optical fiber is particularly suitable for transmitting infrared light and is compatible with magnetic resonance imaging. In certain embodiments, the structure of the optical fiber may have protective layers, such as plastic protective layers, in addition to the cores, cladding, coating layers described, and the like, as part of the device for laser ablation of the present invention.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method of manufacturing the device for laser ablation described in the first aspect, comprising:
Manufacturing a quartz glass scattering head, cutting the proximal end of the quartz glass scattering head by using a cutting knife, and when the quartz glass scattering head comprises more than one part containing scattering particles with different concentrations, manufacturing each part of the quartz glass scattering head independently, cutting the two ends of the different parts of the quartz glass scattering head by using the cutting knife, welding the two ends by using electric discharge according to a preset sequence to form the quartz glass scattering head, and cutting the proximal end of the quartz glass scattering head;
cutting the distal end of the quartz glass optical fiber flat by a cutter;
Aligning the center of the distal end of the cut quartz glass optical fiber with the center of the proximal end of the cut quartz glass scattering head part, and performing discharge welding by arc discharge;
In the case that the device for laser ablation further comprises a connector, the device further comprises a connector added to the other end of the optical fiber;
In case the device for laser ablation further comprises a joint and a sleeve, it further comprises an externally added sleeve of quartz glass fiber and quartz glass scattering head portion.
In the present method, there is no strict sequence, for example, when the silica glass scattering head has at least two parts, no matter what the connection between the parts is made first, then the connection of the silica glass scattering head to the silica glass optical fiber is made; or one part of the quartz glass scattering head is connected with the quartz glass optical fiber first, and then the other parts of the quartz glass scattering head are connected in sequence, so that the method can be realized, and the required device can be obtained. The distal and proximal ends described herein refer to the description of how far and near the device is configured with respect to the laser, either end of the optical fiber and the homogeneous silica glass scattering head may be the proximal end, the other end the distal end, but the proximal and distal ends of the heterogeneous silica glass scattering head are fixed.
The manufacture of the silica glass scattering head can be accomplished by a number of other methods, one of which is to manufacture a silica glass precursor containing scattering particles in a desired concentration and then cut from it to manufacture the silica glass scattering head or a portion of the silica glass scattering head. Another method is to directly obtain a silica glass scattering head or a part of a silica glass scattering head by melting suitably shaped and volume sized silica grains, wherein the silica grains may be doped with a concentration of scattering particles as desired. A further method is to manufacture a mold, add silica soot powder doped with scattering particles of different concentrations in a predetermined order and volume, and then melt by heating to directly form a silica glass scattering head containing different portions.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a device for laser ablation as described in the second aspect, comprising:
Stripping the part outside the cladding of a section of length at one end of the quartz glass optical fiber to expose the cladding;
Sleeving a quartz glass sleeve with the inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cladding outside the cladding, wherein the length of the quartz glass sleeve is longer than that of the exposed cladding;
Welding the cladding layer and the quartz glass sleeve into a whole through discharge welding, wherein a part of the quartz glass sleeve forms a cavity which is not completely sealed;
Injecting a liquid gel containing scattering particles into the cavity; the liquid gel solidifies to form the device for laser ablation.
In the case of having a plurality of gel portions containing different concentrations of scattering particles, the gel containing the scattering particles of different concentrations can be sequentially injected into the cavity, and the desired device can be obtained after it has solidified.
Advantages of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following:
1. The bubbles or the bubbles and the solid particles are used as scattering particles, so that the processing difficulty is reduced, and the scattering uniformity is improved;
2. The electric discharge welding is used for connection, and the diameter of the quartz glass scattering head is smaller than or equal to that of the optical fiber by combining with quartz materials, so that the outer diameter of the ablation optical fiber is greatly reduced, and the trauma to human body or tissues during use is reduced;
3. Compared with gel, the quartz glass scattering head has much higher temperature tolerance and much smaller volume change when transmitting laser ablation tissue, and can be used for a longer time, thereby reducing the safety risk generated by thermal expansion of the gel.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. The structures in the drawings are exemplary only and not actual scale, which may vary from actual scale for ease of understanding. Some non-essential parts of the drawings are omitted, for example, in some optical fibers there may be a protective layer, which is not shown in some drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for laser ablation, an exemplary apparatus 10 for laser ablation, comprising a joint 11, a silica glass optical fiber 12, and a silica glass scattering head 13, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of an apparatus for laser ablation, an exemplary portion 20 of the apparatus for laser ablation, showing a core 21, a cladding 22, a coating layer 23, a silica glass scattering head 24, scattering particles 25, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of an apparatus for laser ablation, an exemplary partial 30 of the apparatus for laser ablation, showing a core 31, a cladding 32, a coating 33, a silica glass scattering head 34, scattering particles 35, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of an apparatus for laser ablation, an exemplary portion 40 of the apparatus for laser ablation, showing a core 41, a cladding 42, a coating 43, a silica glass scattering head 44, a first portion 45, a second portion 46, and a third portion 47 of the silica glass scattering head, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of an apparatus for laser ablation, an exemplary portion 50 of the apparatus for laser ablation, showing a core 51, a cladding 52, a coating 53, a silica glass scattering head 54, a first portion 55, a second portion 56, and a third portion 57 of the silica glass scattering head, according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view of an apparatus for laser ablation, an exemplary portion 60 of the apparatus for laser ablation, showing a core 61, a cladding 62, a coating 63, a silica glass scattering head 64, a first portion 67 of the silica glass scattering head, a second portion 68, a third portion 69, a tapered light transmitting silica glass 65, a single layer sleeve 66, according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of an apparatus for laser ablation, an exemplary portion 70 of the apparatus for laser ablation, showing a core 71, a cladding 72, a coating 73, a silica glass scattering head 74, a first portion 76 of the silica glass scattering head, a second portion 77, a third portion 78, a tapered light transmitting silica glass 75, and three sections at positions A-A, B-B and C-C, according to one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of an apparatus for laser ablation provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention having a multi-layer cooling jacket, showing an apparatus 80 for laser ablation having a silica glass optical fiber 81, an inlet assembly 82, an outlet assembly 83, a cooling jacket inner tube 84, a cooling jacket outer tube 86, a silica glass scattering head 85, an outlet 87, an inlet 88.
FIG. 9 is a partial schematic view of an embodiment of an exemplary apparatus for laser ablation, in accordance with another aspect of the invention, showing a portion 90 of a core 91, cladding 92, coating and protective layers 93, a silica glass sleeve 94, a first portion of a gel 95 containing scattering particles, a second portion of a gel 96 containing scattering particles, and a third portion of a gel 97 containing scattering particles, and further showing cross-sectional views at positions A-A, B-B, C-C and D-D.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Definition:
The terms used herein have scientific meanings that are commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, but for the sake of a clearer description of the invention, the meaning of some words is defined below, if conflicting with a definition other than this text, to control the definition herein.
Proximal end: the proximal end as used herein refers to the end of the device used for laser ablation, the device as a whole, the silica glass fiber, the silica glass scattering head, etc., which is relatively close to the laser generator when in operation.
Distal end: the term distal end as used herein refers to the end of the device used for laser ablation, which is relatively far from the laser generator after being connected to the laser generator in operation, in the context of the device as a whole, quartz glass fiber optics, quartz glass scattering head, etc.
Quartz glass optical fiber: the fiber core and the cladding part are mainly composed of silicon dioxide, are suitable for transmitting electromagnetic waves (particularly infrared rays) to carry out discharge welding, and can be compatible with the optical fiber of magnetic resonance.
Quartz glass: glass, consisting mainly of silica, may be doped with bubbles, solid scattering particles, etc., and is compatible with magnetic resonance imaging.
Embodiment one:
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 shows a schematic view of an apparatus for laser ablation according to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for laser ablation 10 comprising a joint 11, a silica glass optical fiber 12 and a silica glass scattering head 13, and showing an enlarged view of a part I, the diameter of the silica glass scattering head being greater than or equal to the diameter of the silica glass optical fiber core, preferably greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the silica glass optical fiber cladding. The concentration of scattering particles in the quartz glass scattering head may be the same or distributed in different concentrations in the axial direction. The shape of the connector 11 is only illustrative and any structure that can be connected to a laser generator is possible and in some embodiments the connector 11 may be independent of the device of the invention, i.e. the device of the invention comprises only a silica glass optical fiber and a silica glass scattering head. The lengths of the silica glass optical fiber 12 and the silica glass scattering head 13 can be adjusted as needed.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a specific example of the part I in the axial direction, in which the quartz glass scattering head 24 contains bubbles therein. The interface A-A shows the cylindrical structure of the quartz glass scattering head. When the scattering particles doped by the quartz glass scattering head are bubbles, as the refractive index n 1 of the quartz glass is larger than the refractive index n 2 of air, when the incident angle on the interface is larger than sin -1(n2/n1), the optical fiber is fully emitted and smaller than sin -1(n2/n1), the laser continues to propagate forwards, so that radial emergent light scattering extending along the axial direction is formed. The gas in the bubbles is determined by the gas atmosphere during the processing of the quartz glass scattering head, for example, air in the air atmosphere, hydrogen in the hydrogen atmosphere, and nitrogen in the nitrogen atmosphere.
Embodiment two:
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the structural description in fig. 1 is the same as in embodiment 1, and the description will not be repeated, and fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another specific example of the part I in the axial direction, showing the core 31, the cladding 32, the coating layer 33, the silica glass scattering head 34, the scattering particles 35, wherein the scattering particles 35 are solid scattering particles, and may be any metal oxide particles having a higher melting point than silica particles or metal oxide particles having a higher melting point than silica particles, such as titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, and mixtures of both.
Embodiment III:
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the structural description in fig. 1 is the same as in embodiment 1, and the description is not repeated, and fig. 4 is a sectional view of another example of the part I in the axial direction, showing a core 41, a cladding 42, a coating layer 43, a silica glass scattering head 44, a first portion 45, a second portion 46, and a third portion 47 of the silica glass scattering head; this example demonstrates the difference in concentration of scattering particles in the first, second and third portions containing a single scattering particle, and the need to adjust the concentration of scattering particles to balance the variation in intensity of laser scattering in the axial direction, as the laser light decreases with increasing transmission distance in the axial direction. The concentration of scattering particles in the three portions may vary exponentially, for example the concentration of scattering particles in the first portion 45: concentration of scattering particles in the second portion 46: concentration of scattering particles in third portion 47 = 4:2:1, concentration of scattering particles in first portion 45: concentration of scattering particles in the second portion 46: the scattering particle concentration of the third portion 47=9:3:1, etc. The lengths of the first portion, the second portion and the third portion may also be adjusted according to practical situations, and in general, the length of the first portion is smaller than the length of the second portion, and the length of the second portion is smaller than the length of the third portion, for example, the length of the first portion: length of the second portion: length of the third portion = 1:3:6, length of the first portion: length of the second portion: length of the third portion = 2:5:13, etc. The parallel arrows in fig. 4 represent the case where, in an ideal case, the laser light transmitted by the silica glass optical fiber passes through the silica glass scattering head and then is approximately uniformly emitted in the radial direction by 360 °. The scattering particles can be selected from bubbles or solid scattering particles or both bubbles and solid scattering particles according to practical needs.
The scattering particles may vary not only in distribution density but also in size, and although the scattering particles in fig. 4 are not differentiated in diameter, it is understood that the average diameter of the scattering particles in the first, second and third portions may be different. For example, in the case of bubbles, the average diameter of the bubbles in the third portion 47 is greater than the average diameter of the bubbles in the second portion 46, which is greater than the average diameter of the bubbles in the first portion. For example, in one example, the first portion has a bubble average diameter: average diameter of bubbles in the second part: the average diameter of the bubbles in the third fraction=1:2:3.
Embodiment four:
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the structural description in fig. 1 is the same as in embodiment 1, and the description is not repeated, and fig. 5 is a sectional view of another example of the part I in the axial direction, showing the core 51, the cladding 52, the coating layer 53, the silica glass scattering head 54, the first portion 55, the second portion 56, and the third portion 57 of the silica glass scattering head; which embody one example of a particle containing more than one type of scattering particles. In general, the bubbles have a weaker light scattering ability than the solid scattering particles, and a stronger light transmission ability than the solid scattering particles, while considering that the laser intensity is continuously attenuated along the axis from the proximal end to the distal end of the quartz glass scattering head (i.e., from the third portion to the first portion via the second portion), the scattering particles in the proximal end (third portion 57) are set as bubbles, the scattering particles in the second portion 56 are set as bubbles and solid scattering particles, and the scattering particles in the third portion 55 are set as solid scattering particles. The density of scattering particles, as well as the ratio of the lengths of the different parts, can be referred to as described in embodiment three.
Fifth embodiment:
Referring to fig. 1 and 6, the structural description in fig. 1 is the same as in embodiment 1, but a sleeve is not shown, and fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another specific example of the part I in the axial direction, showing a core 61, a cladding 62, a coating 63, a silica glass scattering head 64, a first portion 67, a second portion 68, a third portion 69 of the silica glass scattering head, a tapered light-transmitting silica glass 65, and a single-layer sleeve 66; the single-layer cannula has the advantages that under the condition of convenient assembly, the inner diameter and the thickness of the cannula wall are both as small as possible, so that the trauma caused by puncture is reduced, the single-layer cannula 66 can be made of medical materials which have good light transmittance and can be in direct contact with tissues, and when the hardness of the single-layer cannula is high enough, the puncture can be directly performed without guide wires. The material of the sleeve is selected from any one of the following: polycarbonates, polyurethanes, polyethylenes, polypropylenes, silicones, nylons, polyvinylchlorides, polyethylene terephthalates, polytetrafluoroethylene, ABS plastics, polyethylene succinates, polyetheretherketones, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymers.
Example six:
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, the structural description in fig. 1 is the same as in embodiment 1, fig. 7 is a sectional view of another example of the part I in the axial direction, showing a core 71, a cladding 72, a coating 73, a silica glass scattering head 74, a first portion 76, a second portion 77, a third portion 78 of the silica glass scattering head, a tapered light-transmitting silica glass 75, three sections A-A, B-B, and C-C showing the silica glass scattering head in a cylindrical shape, and the distribution density of scattering particles gradually increasing in the axial direction; the tapered light-transmitting quartz glass 75 may facilitate the device of the present invention to enter the target site in some cases where a quartz glass scattering head may be used directly without the need for sleeve protection or cooling. The quartz glass scattering head has a cylindrical shape to achieve the most uniform scattering effect, and the cross section of the quartz glass scattering head can be in other shapes (such as ellipse, polygon and the like) as long as the cross section can completely cover the area of the quartz glass optical fiber core, and the quartz glass scattering head is suitable for electric discharge welding.
Embodiment seven:
Referring to fig. 8, an apparatus 80 for laser ablation with a cooling jacket according to one embodiment of the present invention is depicted having a silica glass optical fiber 81, an inlet assembly 82, an outlet assembly 83, a cooling jacket inner tube 84, a cooling jacket outer tube 86, a silica glass scattering head 85, an outlet 87, and an inlet 88. When the quartz glass scattering head is used for a long time, the temperature of the quartz glass scattering head is too high due to laser scattering, so that the adverse conditions such as carbonization of surrounding tissues and the like can be caused, and the temperature of the quartz glass scattering head is reduced by using a coolant through the cooling sleeve, so that laser ablation can be performed in a large volume. The coolant may be a gas or a liquid, preferably physiological saline. The arrows in the figure show one flow direction of the coolant. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that inlet and outlet may be used interchangeably, i.e., inlet 88 is the outlet while outlet 87 is the inlet.
The material of the sleeve is selected from any one of the following: polycarbonates, polyurethanes, polyethylenes, polypropylenes, silicones, nylons, polyvinylchlorides, polyethylene terephthalates, polytetrafluoroethylene, ABS plastics, polyethylene succinates, polyetheretherketones, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymers.
Example eight:
Referring to fig. 9, an embodiment of another aspect of the present invention is described, and an apparatus for laser ablation according to an example includes a silica glass optical fiber, a silica glass ferrule, and a gel containing scattering particles, most of the silica glass optical fiber is omitted for brevity, and the connection of the silica glass optical fiber and the silica glass ferrule is enlarged to illustrate structural details. A section view of an exemplary device for laser ablation is shown in detail in FIG. 9 at section 90, core 91, cladding 92, coating and protective layer 93, quartz glass sleeve 94, a first portion of gel 95 containing scattering particles, a second portion of gel 96 containing scattering particles, a third portion of gel 97 containing scattering particles, and four positions A-A, B-B, C-C and D-D. The cladding 92 is exposed by removing a portion other than the cladding of a length of the distal end of the silica glass optical fiber, and then the silica glass ferrule 94 and the exposed cladding 92 are discharge fusion-spliced, the fusion-spliced position being indicated by a thick black line in the drawing. The sections A-A, B-B, C-C and D-D show that the interface shape of the quartz glass sleeve is circular and that the concentration of scattering particles in the gel in the cavity of the quartz glass sleeve increases gradually from the proximal end to the distal end, for example the concentration of scattering particles of the first portion 45: concentration of scattering particles in the second portion 46: concentration of scattering particles in third portion 47 = 4:2:1, concentration of scattering particles in first portion 45: concentration of scattering particles in the second portion 46: the scattering particle concentration of the third portion 47=9:3:1, etc.
Example nine:
The apparatus for laser ablation described in example 6 was fabricated.
Manufacturing a quartz glass scattering head; taking a silica glass scattering head having three parts as an example, a silica glass scattering head having a third part of a desired shape and volume, for example, a length of 60 mm and a diameter of 400 μm, can be cut from a silica glass base material by preliminarily compressing silica particles having a suitable size in an air atmosphere to obtain a suitable gas volume ratio, for example, about 5%, and then heating and melting the resultant mixture to form a silica glass base material having bubbles. Quartz glass precursors are also commercially available. The basic method for manufacturing the second part of the silica glass scattering head is as above, but it is necessary to uniformly incorporate the solid scattering particles in the desired proportion, for example 50mg of zirconium dioxide particles per cubic centimeter, with a particle diameter of between 20 and 80 nm, preferably about 50 nm, in the silica particles. Then, a silica glass diffusion head first portion is produced, silica particles are uniformly doped with solid diffusion particles, for example, 200 mg of zirconia particles per cubic centimeter, pre-compressed under a hydrogen or helium atmosphere, and then subjected to heating and melting, so that a silica glass base material having almost no bubbles can be formed, and then the silica glass diffusion head first portion is formed by cutting as described above. And then welding three parts of the quartz glass scattering head through discharge welding, taking the welding process of the first part and the second part of the quartz glass scattering head as an example, fixing the first part and the second part of the quartz glass scattering head through vacuum adsorption, respectively fixing the first part and the second part of the quartz glass scattering head through a clamp, using a lateral imaging shaft method to image the lateral imaging of the two parts, and controlling the translation and the rotation of the optical fiber through a precise motor system, thereby achieving alignment before welding. And then the cleaning discharge is carried out on the two end surfaces, the pre-discharge is carried out on the end surfaces for preheating and shaping, and finally the first part axially moves in the main discharge environment to finish the welding of the two parts.
When the silica glass scattering head is made of a uniform material, the silica glass base material is manufactured as described above, and then the desired silica glass scattering head is obtained by directly cutting from the desired base material.
A suitable silica glass optical fiber was selected, cut at one end using a cutter to obtain a flush port, and then fusion-spliced with a silica glass scattering head by discharge, with the specific alignment and fusion-splicing procedure described above. The diameter of the quartz glass scattering head is larger than the fiber core.
A splice is added to the other end of the silica glass fiber, and the splice may be any splice that can be connected to a laser transmitter.
In some embodiments, a jacket is added to the respective outer portions of the silica glass optical fiber and the silica glass scattering head, and the jacket may be a single layer, used only to provide protection, or may be a multi-layer cooling jacket, cooled during use by supplying a coolant to the silica glass scattering head. The coolant may be a liquid, such as physiological saline, or a gas, such as carbon dioxide, or the like.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that although a three-part silica glass diffuser is used in this example, a greater or lesser number of part silica glass diffuser and method of making same are also included in the present invention.
Example ten:
A further method of making the device for laser ablation of embodiment 6. The method of this example was essentially the same as that of example nine, but a quartz glass scattering head was obtained in a different manner.
A mould of the desired size and shape, for example a mould having a cylindrical cavity of diameter 400 microns and length 100 mm, is then placed with its long axis perpendicular to the ground, and silica soot powder (silica amorphous particles, typically 0.5 to 3 nm in diameter) containing less scattering particles is first added, for example 50 mg of zirconia particles per gram of silica soot powder are incorporated, the particles having a diameter between 20 and 80 nm, preferably about 50 nm, and a height of 60 mm; then refilling the mixture of 100 mg of zirconium dioxide particles mixed into each gram of silicon dioxide soot powder, wherein the diameter of the zirconium dioxide particles is about 50 nanometers, and the filling height is up to 90 millimeters; finally, the filler containing the scattering particles with higher concentration is refilled, namely, a mixture of 200 mg of zirconium dioxide particles is doped into each gram of silicon dioxide soot powder, the diameter of the zirconium dioxide particles is about 50 nanometers, and the volume of the mould is filled. And then heating and melting to form the required quartz glass scattering head. The silica soot powder may be replaced by quartz sand. Zirconium dioxide may also be replaced with titanium dioxide particles, or a mixture of zirconium dioxide particles and titanium dioxide particles.
Embodiment twelve:
Another method of making the device for laser ablation of example 6. The method of this example was essentially the same as that of example nine, but a quartz glass scattering head was obtained in a different manner.
A mold of a desired size and shape, such as a mold having a cylindrical cavity of 400 microns in diameter and 60 mm in length, is fabricated and then silica particles are filled therein and heated to melt the silica particles and form the desired silica glass scattering head or silica glass scattering head portion. Taking a quartz glass scattering head with three parts as an example, silica particles are directly added, and after heating and melting, a third part of the quartz glass scattering head with bubbles is formed. A second part of the silica glass scattering head was then manufactured in a similar way using a second mould with a cylindrical cavity having a diameter of 400 μm and a length of 30 mm and silica particles uniformly doped with solid scattering particles. Finally, a third mould with a cylindrical cavity with the diameter of 400 micrometers and the length of 10 millimeters is used, silica particles or silica soot powder uniformly doped with solid scattering particles is filled in the mould under the hydrogen atmosphere, and the required third part of the quartz glass scattering head is formed after heating and melting. It will be appreciated that three parts are only illustrated as typical, and that two or more parts of a quartz glass scattering head may also be manufactured in this way.
Embodiment twelve:
The apparatus for laser ablation described in example 8 was fabricated.
Selecting a proper quartz glass optical fiber, taking the quartz glass optical fiber with the fiber core diameter of 400 micrometers and the cladding outer diameter of 440 micrometers as an example, removing all parts except for the 5-millimeter-length upper cladding at one end of the quartz glass optical fiber, enabling the cladding outer diameter of 440 micrometers to be the same as that of a quartz glass sleeve with the inner diameter of 440.5 micrometers and the outer diameter of 650 micrometers, accurately sleeving the quartz glass sleeve outside the optical fiber cladding by utilizing laser alignment, and then carrying out discharge welding on the contact surface of the quartz glass sleeve and the cladding by utilizing an electric arc, wherein a welding interface is represented by black thickened lines, and is shown in figure 9. Taking a 15 mm long quartz glass sleeve as an example, the length of the fusion interface is 5mm, and the remainder forms a cylindrical cavity of length 10mm and diameter 440 microns.
Then preparing gel solutions containing scattering particles with different concentrations, taking epoxy resin glue containing titanium dioxide solid particles as an example, adding titanium dioxide particles with diameters of about 50 nanometers in the epoxy resin glue liquid state in the proportions of 50mg/ml, 100mg/ml and 200mg/ml respectively, and obtaining three gel solutions containing the scattering particles with different concentrations, namely a first gel solution, a second gel solution and a third gel solution. Carefully injecting the first gel solution into the first half of the cavity using a 32G dispensing needle, approximately 5 to 6mm in length; then injecting a second gel solution with about 3mm by using a 32G dispensing needle; and finally, injecting a third gel solution with the thickness of 1-2 mm into the cavity by using a 32G dispensing needle head, and filling the cavity. The titanium dioxide particles may also be replaced with zirconium dioxide particles, or a mixture of zirconium dioxide particles and titanium dioxide particles.
After half an hour at room temperature, the epoxy resin gel solidifies to obtain the desired scattering head.
And then a splice is added to the other end of the silica glass optical fiber. In some cases, a cooling jacket is finally added outside the silica glass fiber and the silica glass jacket.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited thereto, and that the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples: any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent substitution of some of the technical features, while remaining within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A device for laser ablation for brain surgery, comprising: a silica glass optical fiber and a silica glass scattering head; wherein the distal end of the quartz glass optical fiber and the proximal end of the quartz glass scattering head are connected by electric discharge welding, the quartz glass scattering head is of a quartz glass structure containing scattering particles, and the scattering particles are bubbles or both bubbles and solid scattering particles; the diameter of the quartz glass scattering head is larger than or equal to the diameter of the quartz glass optical fiber core and smaller than or equal to the diameter of the quartz glass optical fiber cladding;
The quartz glass scattering head consists of three parts containing scattering particles with different concentrations, and the different parts are connected through discharge welding, wherein the scattering particles of the third part are bubbles, the scattering particles of the second part are bubbles and solid scattering particles, and the scattering particles of the first part are solid scattering particles; the distal end of the quartz glass scattering head comprises conical light-transmitting quartz glass;
The concentration of scattering particles in the third portion is less than the concentration of scattering particles in the second portion, which is less than the concentration of scattering particles in the first portion.
2. The device for laser ablation according to claim 1, further comprising a sleeve, the sleeve being a single layer sleeve or a multi-layer cooling sleeve.
3. The device for laser ablation according to claim 1, the gas in the bubble being selected from any one of: air, nitrogen and helium; the solid scattering particles are selected from any one of the following: metal particles having a melting point above 1750 ℃, metal oxide particles having a melting point above 1750 ℃, and mixtures thereof.
4. A device for laser ablation according to claim 3, wherein the solid scattering particles are selected from any of: zirconium dioxide particles, titanium dioxide particles, and mixtures thereof.
5. A method of manufacturing the device for laser ablation of any of claims 1-4, comprising:
Manufacturing a quartz glass scattering head, cutting the proximal end of the quartz glass scattering head by using a cutting knife, and when the quartz glass scattering head comprises more than one part containing scattering particles with different concentrations, manufacturing each part of the quartz glass scattering head independently, cutting the two ends of the different parts of the quartz glass scattering head by using the cutting knife, welding the two ends by using electric discharge according to a preset sequence to form the quartz glass scattering head, and cutting the proximal end of the quartz glass scattering head; the manufacturing steps of each part of the quartz glass scattering head comprise: compressing silicon dioxide particles in a gas atmosphere to obtain a compressed material with a required gas proportion, heating and melting the compressed material to obtain a base material, and cutting a corresponding part of a scattering head from the base material;
cutting the distal end of the quartz glass optical fiber flat by a cutter;
Aligning the center of the distal end of the cut quartz glass optical fiber with the center of the proximal end of the cut quartz glass scattering head part, and performing discharge welding by arc discharge;
where the apparatus for laser ablation further comprises a splice, the method further comprises adding a splice at the proximal end of the optical fiber;
In case the device for laser ablation further comprises a joint and a sleeve, the method further comprises adding a joint at the other end of the optical fiber, and adding a sleeve outside the silica glass optical fiber and the silica glass scattering head portion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210208765.9A CN114587577B (en) | 2018-06-19 | 2018-06-19 | Device for laser ablation |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210208765.9A CN114587577B (en) | 2018-06-19 | 2018-06-19 | Device for laser ablation |
| CN201810633280.8A CN109009429A (en) | 2018-06-19 | 2018-06-19 | device for laser ablation |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810633280.8A Division CN109009429A (en) | 2018-06-19 | 2018-06-19 | device for laser ablation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114587577A CN114587577A (en) | 2022-06-07 |
| CN114587577B true CN114587577B (en) | 2024-08-02 |
Family
ID=64609773
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210208765.9A Active CN114587577B (en) | 2018-06-19 | 2018-06-19 | Device for laser ablation |
| CN201810633280.8A Pending CN109009429A (en) | 2018-06-19 | 2018-06-19 | device for laser ablation |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810633280.8A Pending CN109009429A (en) | 2018-06-19 | 2018-06-19 | device for laser ablation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN114587577B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111772788A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2020-10-16 | 奥斯奥鹏河北医疗器械销售有限公司 | Surgical knife |
| CN111110346B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-03-09 | 华科精准（北京）医疗科技有限公司 | Device for laser interstitial thermotherapy system |
| CN115373077A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-11-22 | 江西麦帝施科技有限公司 | Optical fiber for diffusing laser |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1165485A (en) * | 1994-09-09 | 1997-11-19 | 稀土医药有限公司 | Phototherapeutic apparatus |
| WO2015154011A1 (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-08 | Douglas Raymond Dykaar | Optical diffuser |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2779825B2 (en) * | 1989-02-15 | 1998-07-23 | 則雄 大工園 | Laser light emitting device |
| JP3145379B2 (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 2001-03-12 | 株式会社エス・エル・ティ・ジャパン | Laser light guide probe |
| JP2882814B2 (en) * | 1989-08-24 | 1999-04-12 | 株式会社エス・エル・ティ・ジャパン | Laser irradiation equipment |
| SE505884C2 (en) * | 1993-04-01 | 1997-10-20 | Permanova Lasersystem Ab | Optical fiber cable and ways to transmit laser light with high power |
| WO2003065880A2 (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2003-08-14 | Pharmacyclics, Inc. | Conical light diffuser and method of making |
| US7356225B2 (en) * | 2004-07-22 | 2008-04-08 | Ondine International Ltd | Fiber optic probe tip |
| CN105974513B (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2022-10-14 | 康宁股份有限公司 | Illumination system with side-emitting optical photonic fibers and method of making same |
| WO2011130231A1 (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2011-10-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | System and method for modification and/or smoothing of tissue with laser ablation |
| CN201845110U (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-05-25 | 武汉高晟知光科技有限公司 | End part structure of optical fiber for transmitting high-power laser |
| CN106033137B (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2019-02-26 | 武汉邮电科学研究院 | A kind of silica clad high power transmission dispersion fiber and its manufacturing method |
| ITUB20153986A1 (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2017-03-29 | El En Spa | DEVICE FOR STERILIZATION TREATMENTS, EQUIPMENT INCLUDING THE DEVICE AND ITS METHOD |
| CN205287278U (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-06-08 | 姚明宏 | Laser irradiation head is used in treatment |
| CN107796532A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-03-13 | 商丘师范学院 | A kind of tip is packaged with the high sensitivity optical fiber thermoprobe of Optical Microsphere |
-
2018
- 2018-06-19 CN CN202210208765.9A patent/CN114587577B/en active Active
- 2018-06-19 CN CN201810633280.8A patent/CN109009429A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1165485A (en) * | 1994-09-09 | 1997-11-19 | 稀土医药有限公司 | Phototherapeutic apparatus |
| WO2015154011A1 (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-08 | Douglas Raymond Dykaar | Optical diffuser |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114587577A (en) | 2022-06-07 |
| CN109009429A (en) | 2018-12-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN114587577B (en) | Device for laser ablation | |
| KR0180558B1 (en) | Fiber optic diffusers and method for manufacture of the same | |
| US5337381A (en) | Fiber optic cylindrical diffuser | |
| US7274847B2 (en) | Light diffusing tip | |
| US7274843B2 (en) | Optical fiber including a diffuser portion and continuous sleeve for the transmission of light | |
| US5303324A (en) | Method and apparatus for providing controlled light distribution from a cylindrical fiberoptic diffuser | |
| JP2591032Y2 (en) | Optical fiber laser light guide diffuser probe | |
| EP2412298B1 (en) | Laterally emitting device and method of manufacturing same | |
| KR20180094917A (en) | Divergent light from a fiber optic illumination delivery system | |
| EP0142026A2 (en) | Method for constructing microlens ends for optical fibres, particularly for biomedical and/or surgical use, and device for implementing the method | |
| GB2377384A (en) | Light dispersive probe for medical use | |
| EP3597133B1 (en) | Side-fire laser fiber having a molded reflective surface | |
| CN111110346B (en) | Device for laser interstitial thermotherapy system | |
| WO1985005262A1 (en) | Medical and surgical laser probe i | |
| WO2021092024A1 (en) | Diffusing apparatus for laser therapy treatment | |
| CN211750041U (en) | Device for laser interstitial thermotherapy system | |
| US11493692B2 (en) | Multi-spot laser probe with multiple single-core fibers | |
| JP2007159862A (en) | Light irradiating chip and optical waveguide fiber body |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |