CN114584107B - Variable attenuation device and variable attenuator based on pi-type attenuation network - Google Patents
Variable attenuation device and variable attenuator based on pi-type attenuation network Download PDFInfo
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- CN114584107B CN114584107B CN202210488591.6A CN202210488591A CN114584107B CN 114584107 B CN114584107 B CN 114584107B CN 202210488591 A CN202210488591 A CN 202210488591A CN 114584107 B CN114584107 B CN 114584107B
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- H03H11/24—Frequency-independent attenuators
Abstract
The variable attenuation device comprises a first variable resistance module, a second variable resistance module and a third variable resistance module, wherein the resistance values of resistors corresponding to the first variable resistance module, the second variable resistance module and the third variable resistance module are respectively controlled by a first control signal and a second control signal received by a control end of the first variable resistance module, the second variable resistance module and the third variable resistance module, so that the resistance values of the resistors corresponding to the first variable resistance module, the second variable resistance module and the third variable resistance module are continuously changed by adjusting the control signals, and therefore, the continuous change of the attenuation amount is adjusted by adjusting the control signals; in addition, the variable attenuation device provided by the invention is connected with microstrip lines among all devices, so that the variable attenuation device can transmit high-broadband radio frequency signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of variable attenuators, in particular to a variable attenuation device based on a pi-type attenuation network and a variable attenuator.
Background
The attenuator is an electronic component for providing attenuation, is widely applied to electronic equipment, and has two main purposes: the signal size in the circuit is adjusted and the impedance matching is improved, if some circuits require a relatively stable load impedance, an attenuator can be inserted between the circuit and the actual load impedance, and the change of the impedance can be buffered. The variable attenuator has wider application range, can realize the controllability of port power by matching with a detection control circuit, ensures that the output power stability of the port is higher, namely the automatic gain control of the power, and the circuit structure widely exists in electronic equipment with higher power requirements, such as signal sources, network analyzers, base stations and the like. The frequency of 5G in the future is higher, the requirements on power stability and amplitude are stricter, and an ultra-wideband variable attenuator is one of key devices in the equipment.
The existing variable attenuator is manufactured by adopting the principle of combining a switch and an attenuation sheet, and specifically comprises the following steps: the control switch is switched to the attenuation sheets with different attenuation amounts. However, the variable attenuator needs a multi-channel bandwidth high-frequency switch and many kinds of attenuation sheets to form different attenuation combinations, and obviously, the cost of a circuit adopting the multi-channel bandwidth high-frequency switch and many kinds of attenuation sheets is very high, the occupied area of a PCB is large, and the miniaturization of the circuit is not facilitated; in addition, the step of the variable attenuator is limited, the minimum step is determined by the attenuation of the attenuator, generally 0.5dB, and the variable attenuator cannot be continuously changed, so that the use scene is limited; moreover, the circuit adopts a form of a multi-way switch, the loss of the switch is not negligible under a high-frequency condition, each device needs to be welded due to the combination of a plurality of devices, and the attenuation caused by welding is not negligible, so that the minimum attenuation of the variable attenuator realized in the mode is relatively large, and the variable attenuator is possibly not applicable in certain scenes with high requirements on gain.
The existing variable attenuator mainly has the following two schemes:
(1) the attenuator is manufactured by using the principle of combining a switch and an attenuator, namely, the attenuator is manufactured by using attenuations of different amounts and then opening the attenuator to different attenuator by the switch. However, the circuit needs a multi-path bandwidth high-frequency switch and many kinds of attenuation sheets to form different attenuation combinations, and obviously, the circuit adopting the multi-path bandwidth high-frequency switch and many kinds of attenuation sheets has very high cost, occupies a large area of a PCB, and is not beneficial to the miniaturization of the circuit; in addition, the step of the variable attenuator is limited, the minimum step is determined by the attenuation of the attenuator, generally 0.5dB, and the variable attenuator cannot be continuously changed, so that the use scene is limited; and the circuit adopts the form of multi-way switch, so under the high frequency condition, the loss of switch is not negligible, because the combination of many devices, every device all needs to weld, also can not be negligible by the decay that welds, therefore, the minimum decrement of this kind of circuit can be relatively great, perhaps also is not too suitable in some scenes that require very high gain. This protocol is described in application No.: CN202120329410.6, patent name: patent documents for wide dynamic range programmable attenuators.
(2) The switch is added in the PI attenuation network to realize the switching of direct connection and resistance so as to achieve different attenuation combinations, the attenuation is formed by combining the resistance, and is limited by an actual circuit, and the attenuation is relatively fixed and cannot be adjusted randomly; and this design ignores the high frequency characteristics and is therefore only suitable for lower digital frequencies. This protocol is described in application No.: CN202110900804.7, patent name: the patent documents of the multi-state single-stage broadband digital attenuator and the multi-state multi-stage broadband digital attenuator.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of how to provide a variable attenuator based on a pi-type attenuation network, wherein the attenuation quantity of the variable attenuator continuously changes.
According to a first aspect, an embodiment provides a variable attenuation apparatus based on a pi-type attenuation network, the variable attenuation apparatus comprising:
the first variable resistance module comprises a first end, a second end and a control end, wherein the first end of the first variable resistance module is connected with the input end of the variable attenuation device and used for receiving a radio frequency input signal, and the second end of the first variable resistance module is connected with the output end of the variable attenuation device and used for outputting a radio frequency output signal;
the first end of the second variable resistance module is connected with the first end of the first variable resistance module, and the second end of the second variable resistance module is connected with the ground;
the first end of the third variable resistance module is connected with the second end of the first variable resistance module, and the second end of the third variable resistance module is connected with the ground;
the control end of the first variable resistance module is used for receiving a first control signal, and the first control signal is used for controlling the continuous change of the resistance value corresponding to the first variable resistance module; the control ends of the second variable resistance module and the third variable resistance module are used for receiving a second control signal, and the second control signal is used for controlling the resistance values corresponding to the second variable resistance module and the third variable resistance module to continuously change.
In one embodiment, the variable attenuation apparatus further comprises: the microstrip line comprises a first microstrip line, a second microstrip line, a third microstrip line, a fourth microstrip line, a fifth microstrip line and a sixth microstrip line;
a first junction node is arranged between the first end of the first variable resistance module and the second end of the second variable resistance module; a second intersection node is arranged between the second end of the first variable resistance module and the first end of the third variable resistance module;
the first microstrip line is connected between the input end of the variable attenuation device and the first intersection node;
the second microstrip line is connected between the first intersection node and the first end of the first variable resistance module;
the third microstrip line is connected between the second end of the first variable resistance module and the second intersection node;
the fourth microstrip line is connected between the second intersection node and the output end of the variable attenuation device;
the fifth microstrip line is connected between the first intersection node and the first end of the second variable resistance module;
the sixth microstrip line is connected between the second intersection node and the first end of the third variable resistance module;
the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, the third microstrip line, the fourth microstrip line, the fifth microstrip line and the sixth microstrip line are used for supporting the variable attenuation device to transmit high-bandwidth radio-frequency signals.
In one embodiment, the first variable resistance module comprises: a first switch tube;
the first switch tube comprises a first pole, a second pole and a control pole, the first pole of the first switch tube is connected with the first end of the first variable resistance module, the second pole of the first switch tube is connected with the second end of the first variable resistance module, and the control pole of the first switch tube is connected with the control end of the first variable resistance module;
the control electrode of the first switch tube is used for controlling the resistance value of the on-resistance of the first switch tube according to the first control signal so as to control the resistance value corresponding to the first variable resistance module.
In one embodiment, the first variable resistance module further comprises: a first parallel resistor and a seventh microstrip line;
one end of the first parallel resistor is connected with the first pole of the first switch tube, and the other end of the first parallel resistor is connected with the second pole of the first switch tube through the seventh microstrip line;
the first parallel resistor is used for adjusting the resistance value corresponding to the first variable resistor module.
In one embodiment, the first variable resistance module further comprises: a resistor R1 and a resistor R2;
one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the control electrode of the first switch tube, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the control end of the first variable resistor module and one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the ground.
In one embodiment, the second variable resistance module comprises: a second switching tube;
the second switch tube comprises a first pole, a second pole and a control pole, the first pole of the second switch tube is connected with the first end of the second variable resistance module, the second pole of the second switch tube is connected with the second end of the second variable resistance module, and the control pole of the second switch tube is connected with the control end of the second variable resistance module;
the control electrode of the second switch tube is used for controlling the resistance value of the on-resistance of the second switch tube according to the second control signal so as to control the resistance value corresponding to the second variable resistance module.
In one embodiment, the second variable resistance module further comprises: a resistor R3 and a resistor R4;
one end of the resistor R3 is connected with the control electrode of the second switch tube, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the other end of the second variable resistor module and one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the ground.
In one embodiment, the third variable resistance module comprises: a third switching tube;
the third switching tube comprises a first pole, a second pole and a control pole, the first pole of the third switching tube is connected with the first end of the third variable resistance module, the second pole of the third switching tube is connected with the second end of the third variable resistance module, and the control pole of the third switching tube is connected with the control end of the third variable resistance module;
the control electrode of the third switching tube is used for controlling the resistance value of the on-resistance of the third switching tube according to the second control signal so as to control the resistance value corresponding to the third variable resistance module.
In one embodiment, the third variable resistance module further comprises: a resistor R5 and a resistor R6;
one end of the resistor R5 is connected with the control electrode of the third switching tube, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the other end of the third variable resistor module and one end of the resistor R6, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the ground.
According to a second aspect, there is provided in one embodiment a variable attenuator comprising:
a plurality of variable attenuation devices according to the above embodiments are connected in series to form a variable attenuation network link, the variable attenuation device at the head end of the variable attenuation network link is connected to the input end of the variable attenuator, and the variable attenuation device at the tail end of the variable attenuation network link is connected to the output end of the variable attenuator.
According to the variable attenuation device and the variable attenuator based on the pi-type attenuation network of the embodiment, the variable attenuation device comprises a first variable resistance module, a second variable resistance module and a third variable resistance module, the resistance values of the resistors corresponding to the first variable resistance module, the second variable resistance module and the third variable resistance module are respectively controlled by a first control signal and a second control signal received by the control end of the first variable resistance module, the second variable resistance module and the third variable resistance module, so that the resistance values of the resistors corresponding to the first variable resistance module, the second variable resistance module and the third variable resistance module are continuously changed by adjusting the control signals, and the attenuation amount of the variable attenuation device is related to the resistance values of the first variable resistance module, the second variable resistance module and the third variable resistance module, so that the attenuation amount is continuously changed by adjusting the control signals;
in addition, the variable attenuation device provided by the invention is connected with microstrip lines among all devices, so that the variable attenuation device can transmit high-broadband radio frequency signals.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional attenuator;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable damping device based on a pi-type damping network according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic of one embodiment of the variable attenuation apparatus of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a circuit schematic of another embodiment of the variable attenuation apparatus shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a variable attenuator according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Wherein like elements in different embodiments are numbered with like associated elements. In the following description, numerous details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some of the features may be omitted or replaced with other elements, materials, methods in different instances. In some instances, certain operations related to the present application have not been shown or described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the core of the present application from excessive description, and it is not necessary for those skilled in the art to describe these operations in detail, so that they may be fully understood from the description in the specification and the general knowledge in the art.
Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification may be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. Also, the various steps or actions in the method descriptions may be transposed or transposed in order, as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the various sequences in the specification and drawings are for the purpose of describing certain embodiments only and are not intended to imply a required sequence unless otherwise indicated where such sequence must be followed.
The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" as used herein includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings), unless otherwise specified.
In a radio frequency microwave system, an attenuator is generally composed of a resistor, a pi-type attenuation network composed of three or more resistors, or a T-type attenuation network, as shown in fig. 1, and three basic resistor units form a basic attenuation network, wherein (a) in fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the pi-type attenuator, and (b) in fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the T-type attenuator. The rf system is generally a 50 Ω system, i.e. the input and output impedances of the attenuator are both guaranteed to be 50 Ω, then the resistances of the input side and output side resistors are guaranteed to be the same at the time of design, and are denoted as R11, and the middle-to-ground resistor is denoted as R12.
Since the attenuation of the attenuator of the pi-type attenuation network is related to the resistance values of the resistor R11 and the resistor R12, the attenuation of the attenuator of the pi-type attenuation network can be changed by changing the resistance values of the resistor R11 and the resistor R12.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first control signal and the second control signal are used to control the resistance values of the first variable resistance module and the second variable resistance module (the third variable resistance module) to continuously change, so as to realize the continuous change of the attenuation of the attenuator.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary variable damping apparatus based on a pi-type damping network, which is hereinafter referred to as a variable damping apparatus for short, and the variable damping apparatus of the exemplary embodiment includes: the first variable resistance module 101, the second variable resistance module 102, the third variable resistance module 103, the first microstrip line 104, the second microstrip line 105, the third microstrip line 106, the fourth microstrip line 107, the fifth microstrip line 108, and the sixth microstrip line 109. The first variable resistance module 101 includes a first terminal, a second terminal, and a control terminal; the second variable resistance module 102 includes a first terminal, a second terminal, and a control terminal; the third variable resistance module 103 includes a first terminal, a second terminal, and a control terminal. A first end of the first variable resistance module 101 is connected to an input end RFin of the variable attenuation device, where the input end RFin is used to receive a radio frequency input signal, a second end of the first variable resistance module is connected to an output end RFout of the variable attenuation device, and the output end RFout is used to output a radio frequency output signal. A first end of the second variable resistance module 102 is connected to a first end of the first variable resistance module 101, and a second end of the second variable resistance module 102 is connected to ground. A first end of the third variable resistance module 103 is connected to the second end of the first variable resistance module 101, and a second end of the third variable resistance module 103 is connected to ground.
The control end of the first variable resistance module 101 is configured to receive a first control signal, and the first control signal is configured to control the magnitude of the resistance value corresponding to the first variable resistance module 101 to change continuously. The control ends of the second variable resistance module 102 and the third variable resistance module 103 are configured to receive a second control signal, and the second control signal is configured to control the resistance values of the second variable resistance module 102 and the third variable resistance module 103 to change continuously. Since the resistance values of the second variable resistance module 102 and the third variable resistance module 103 are controlled by the second control signal, the second variable resistance module 102 and the third variable resistance module 103 have the same resistance value.
In the variable attenuation apparatus provided in this embodiment, the first variable resistance module 101 corresponds to the resistor R11 in the pi-type attenuation network, and the second variable resistance module 102 and the third variable resistance module 103 correspond to the resistor R12 in the pi-type attenuation network, so that the magnitudes of the resistances corresponding to the first variable resistance module 101, the second variable resistance module 102 and the third variable resistance module 103 are continuously changed by the first control signal and the second control signal, and the continuous attenuation variation of the variable attenuator can be realized.
In one embodiment, a first junction node 110 is disposed between a first end of the first variable resistance module 101 and a second end of the second variable resistance module 102. A second junction node 111 is provided between the second end of the first variable resistance module 101 and the first end of the third variable resistance module 103. The first microstrip line 104 is connected between the input of the variable attenuation apparatus and the first junction node 110. The second microstrip line 105 is connected between the first intersection node 110 and the first end of the first variable resistance module 101. The third microstrip line 106 is connected between the second end of the first variable resistance module 101 and the second junction node 111. The fourth microstrip line 107 is connected between the second junction node 111 and the output of the variable attenuation apparatus. The fifth microstrip line 108 is connected between the first intersection node 110 and the first end of the second variable resistance module 102; the sixth microstrip line 209 is connected between the second intersection node 111 and the first end of the third variable resistance module 103. The first microstrip line 104, the second microstrip line 105, the third microstrip line 106, the fourth microstrip line 107, the fifth microstrip line 108 and the sixth microstrip line 109 are used for supporting the variable attenuation device to transmit a high-bandwidth radio frequency signal. Since the microstrip line can effectively transmit the high-frequency radio-frequency signal, the microstrip line is used to connect the first variable resistance module 101, the second variable resistance module 102, and the third variable resistance module 103, so that the variable attenuation apparatus provided by this embodiment can have a wider broadband.
Referring to fig. 3, in an embodiment, the first variable resistance module 101 includes: the first switch tube Q1, the resistor R1 and the resistor R2; the first switch Q1 includes a first pole, a second pole and a control pole, the first pole of the first switch Q1 is connected to the first end of the first variable resistance module 101, the second pole of the first switch Q1 is connected to the second end of the first variable resistance module 101, and the control pole of the first switch Q1 is connected to the control end of the first variable resistance module 101; one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the control electrode of the first switching transistor Q1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the control end of the first variable resistor module 101 and one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to ground. The control electrode of the first switch Q1 is used for controlling the resistance of the on-resistance of the first switch Q1 according to the first control signal, so as to control the resistance of the first variable resistance module 101. The first control signal in this embodiment is a bias voltage signal, and since the switching tube has a good broadband characteristic, the switching tube may be between KHz and several tens of GHZ, and the on-resistance of the switching tube is controlled by the bias voltage on the control electrode, and the on-resistance of the switching tube is different according to the difference of the bias voltage, therefore, the switching tube is used as the variable resistance module, so that attenuators with different attenuation amounts can be obtained, and the operating frequency has a wide broadband.
The second variable resistance module 102 includes: a second switch Q2, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4, wherein the second switch Q2 includes a first pole, a second pole and a control pole, the first pole of the second switch Q2 is connected to the first end of the second variable resistance module 102, the second pole of the second switch Q2 is connected to the second end of the second variable resistance module 102, and the control pole of the second switch Q2 is connected to the control end of the second variable resistance module 102; one end of the resistor R3 is connected to the gate of the second switch Q2, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the other end of the second variable resistance module 102 and one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to ground. The control electrode of the second switch Q2 is used for controlling the resistance of the on-resistance of the second switch Q2 according to the second control signal, so as to control the resistance of the second variable resistance module 102. The second control signal in this embodiment is a bias voltage signal, and since the switching tube has a good broadband characteristic, the switching tube may be between KHz and several tens of GHZ, and the on-resistance of the switching tube is controlled by the bias voltage on the control electrode, and the on-resistance of the switching tube is different according to the difference of the bias voltage, therefore, the switching tube is used as the variable resistance module, so that attenuators with different attenuation amounts can be obtained, and the operating frequency has a wide broadband.
The third variable resistance module 103 includes: the third switching tube Q3, the resistor R5 and the resistor R6, the third switching tube Q3 includes a first pole, a second pole and a control pole, the first pole of the third switching tube Q3 is connected to the first end of the third variable resistance module 103, the second pole of the third switching tube Q3 is connected to the second end of the third variable resistance module 103, and the control pole of the third switching tube Q3 is connected to the control end of the third variable resistance module 103. One end of the resistor R5 is connected to the gate of the third switching transistor Q3, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the other end of the third variable resistance module 103 and one end of the resistor R6, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to ground. The control electrode of the third switching tube Q3 is configured to control the resistance of the on-resistance of the third switching tube Q3 according to the second control signal, so as to control the resistance of the third variable resistance module 103. The second control signal in this embodiment is a bias voltage signal, and since the switching tube has a good broadband characteristic, the switching tube may be between KHz and several tens of GHZ, and the on-resistance of the switching tube is controlled by the bias voltage on the control electrode, and the on-resistance of the switching tube is different according to the difference of the bias voltage, therefore, the switching tube is used as the variable resistance module, so that attenuators with different attenuation amounts can be obtained, and the operating frequency has a wide broadband.
Referring to fig. 4, based on the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the first variable resistance module 101 in this embodiment includes: a first parallel resistor R7 and a seventh microstrip line 112; one end of the first parallel resistor R7 is connected to the first pole of the first switch Q1, and the other end of the first parallel resistor R7 is connected to the second pole of the first switch Q1 through the seventh microstrip line 112; the first parallel resistor R7 is used to adjust the resistance of the first variable resistor module 101. Therefore, after the first pole and the second pole of the first switch Q1 are connected in parallel to the first parallel resistor R7, under the control of the first control signal, the resistance value of the first switch Q1 after being connected in parallel to the first parallel resistor R7 is the resistance value corresponding to the first variable resistance module 101, and since the resistance value change interval of the on-resistance of the switch Q1 is fixed after the type of the switch is fixed, the resistance value change interval corresponding to the first variable resistance module 101 can be changed in the fixed resistance value change interval of the on-resistance by connecting the first pole and the second pole of the first switch Q1 in parallel. For example, if the selected on-resistance of the first switching tube Q1 has a variation range of 10 Ω to 500 Ω, and after a 50 Ω resistor is connected in parallel, the entire variation range is 8.33 Ω to 45.45 Ω, the attenuation range of the variable attenuation device can be changed in this way.
In addition, it should be noted that, a resistor and a microstrip line may also be connected in parallel to the first pole and the second pole of the second switch Q2 in the second variable resistance module 102 and the third switch Q3 in the third variable resistance module 103, so as to adjust the resistance change interval corresponding to the second variable resistance module 102 and the third variable resistance module 103. The parallel microstrip line is used for enabling the radio-frequency signal to still have high broadband characteristics on a branch circuit of the parallel resistor.
Example two:
the variable attenuator provided by this embodiment includes two or more variable attenuating devices provided by the first embodiment, the two or more variable attenuating devices are connected in series to form a variable attenuation network link, the variable attenuating device at the head end of the variable attenuation network link is connected to the input end of the variable attenuator, and the variable attenuating device at the tail end of the variable attenuation network link is connected to the output end of the variable attenuator.
For example, as shown in fig. 5, the variable attenuator shown in fig. 5 comprises two variable attenuating devices, namely a variable attenuating device 10 and a variable attenuating device 20, wherein an input end of the variable attenuating device 10 is connected with an input end of the variable attenuator, an output end of the variable attenuating device 10 is connected with an input end of the variable attenuating device 20, and an output end of the variable attenuating device 20 is connected with an output end of the variable attenuator. Wherein the variable damping device 10 comprises: a first switch tube Q1, a second switch tube Q2, a third switch tube Q3, a first microstrip line 104, a second microstrip line 105, a third microstrip line 106, a fourth microstrip line 107, a fifth microstrip line 108, a sixth microstrip line 109, a first intersection node 110, a second intersection node 111, a seventh microstrip line 112, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, and a first parallel resistor R7. The variable damping device 20 includes: a fourth switch tube Q4, a fifth switch tube Q5, a sixth switch tube Q6, an eighth microstrip line 113, a ninth microstrip line 114, a tenth microstrip line 115, an eleventh microstrip line 116, a twelfth microstrip line 117, a thirteenth microstrip line 118, a third intersection node 119, a fourth intersection node 120, a fourteenth microstrip line 121, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, and a second parallel resistor R14, and the connection manner of each component in the variable attenuation apparatus 2 is the same as that of the variable attenuation apparatus 10, and therefore, description thereof is omitted.
In this way, the attenuation range of the variable attenuator can be expanded by connecting a plurality of variable attenuators in series, and the attenuation range of the variable attenuator formed by connecting two variable attenuators in series shown in fig. 5 is 2 times the attenuation range of a single variable attenuator.
The present invention has been described in terms of specific examples, which are provided to aid understanding of the invention and are not intended to be limiting. For a person skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may be made according to the idea of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A variable damping apparatus based on a pi-type damping network, the variable damping apparatus comprising:
the first variable resistance module comprises a first end, a second end and a control end, wherein the first end of the first variable resistance module is connected with the input end of the variable attenuation device and used for receiving a radio frequency input signal, and the second end of the first variable resistance module is connected with the output end of the variable attenuation device and used for outputting a radio frequency output signal;
the first end of the second variable resistance module is connected with the first end of the first variable resistance module, and the second end of the second variable resistance module is connected with the ground;
the first end of the third variable resistance module is connected with the second end of the first variable resistance module, and the second end of the third variable resistance module is connected with the ground;
the control end of the first variable resistance module is used for receiving a first control signal, and the first control signal is used for controlling the continuous change of the resistance value corresponding to the first variable resistance module; the control ends of the second variable resistance module and the third variable resistance module are used for receiving a second control signal, and the second control signal is used for controlling the resistance values corresponding to the second variable resistance module and the third variable resistance module to continuously change;
the first variable resistance module includes: a first switch tube;
the first switch tube comprises a first pole, a second pole and a control pole, the first pole of the first switch tube is connected with the first end of the first variable resistance module, the second pole of the first switch tube is connected with the second end of the first variable resistance module, and the control pole of the first switch tube is connected with the control end of the first variable resistance module;
the control electrode of the first switch tube is used for controlling the resistance value of the on-resistance of the first switch tube according to the first control signal so as to control the resistance value corresponding to the first variable resistance module;
the second variable resistance module includes: a second switching tube;
the second switch tube comprises a first pole, a second pole and a control pole, the first pole of the second switch tube is connected with the first end of the second variable resistance module, the second pole of the second switch tube is connected with the second end of the second variable resistance module, and the control pole of the second switch tube is connected with the control end of the second variable resistance module;
the control electrode of the second switching tube is used for controlling the resistance value of the on-resistance of the second switching tube according to the second control signal so as to control the resistance value corresponding to the second variable resistance module;
the third variable resistance module includes: a third switching tube;
the third switching tube comprises a first pole, a second pole and a control pole, the first pole of the third switching tube is connected with the first end of the third variable resistance module, the second pole of the third switching tube is connected with the second end of the third variable resistance module, and the control pole of the third switching tube is connected with the control end of the third variable resistance module;
the control electrode of the third switching tube is used for controlling the resistance value of the on-resistance of the third switching tube according to the second control signal so as to control the resistance value corresponding to the third variable resistance module;
the microstrip line comprises a first microstrip line, a second microstrip line, a third microstrip line, a fourth microstrip line, a fifth microstrip line and a sixth microstrip line;
a first junction node is arranged between the first end of the first variable resistance module and the second end of the second variable resistance module; a second intersection node is arranged between the second end of the first variable resistance module and the first end of the third variable resistance module;
the first microstrip line is connected between the input end of the variable attenuation device and the first intersection node;
the second microstrip line is connected between the first intersection node and the first end of the first variable resistance module;
the third microstrip line is connected between the second end of the first variable resistance module and the second intersection node;
the fourth microstrip line is connected between the second intersection node and the output end of the variable attenuation device;
the fifth microstrip line is connected between the first intersection node and the first end of the second variable resistance module;
the sixth microstrip line is connected between the second intersection node and the first end of the third variable resistance module;
the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, the third microstrip line, the fourth microstrip line, the fifth microstrip line and the sixth microstrip line are used for supporting the variable attenuation device to transmit high-bandwidth radio-frequency signals.
2. The variable attenuation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first variable resistance module further comprises: a first parallel resistor and a seventh microstrip line;
one end of the first parallel resistor is connected with the first pole of the first switch tube, and the other end of the first parallel resistor is connected with the second pole of the first switch tube through the seventh microstrip line;
the first parallel resistor is used for adjusting the resistance value corresponding to the first variable resistor module.
3. The variable attenuation apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first variable resistance module further comprises: a resistor R1 and a resistor R2;
one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the control electrode of the first switch tube, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the control end of the first variable resistor module and one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the ground.
4. The variable attenuation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second variable resistance module further comprises: a resistor R3 and a resistor R4;
one end of the resistor R3 is connected with the control electrode of the second switch tube, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the other end of the second variable resistor module and one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the ground.
5. The variable attenuation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said third variable resistance module further comprises: a resistor R5 and a resistor R6;
one end of the resistor R5 is connected with the control electrode of the third switching tube, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the other end of the third variable resistor module and one end of the resistor R6, and the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the ground.
6. A variable attenuator, comprising:
a plurality of variable attenuation devices according to any one of claims 1 to 5, a plurality of said variable attenuation devices being connected in series to form a variable attenuation network link, the variable attenuation device at the head end of said variable attenuation network link being connected to the input of said variable attenuator, the variable attenuation device at the end of said variable attenuation network link being connected to the output of said variable attenuator.
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| CN115940864B (en) * | 2023-02-27 | 2023-08-15 | 成都雷电微力科技股份有限公司 | Millimeter wave high-precision pi-type attenuation circuit |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005045547A (en) * | 2003-07-22 | 2005-02-17 | Shimada Phys & Chem Ind Co Ltd | Power amplifier |
| CN204408359U (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-06-17 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of nerval network chaotic circuit |
| CN206835057U (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2018-01-02 | 成都振芯科技股份有限公司 | A kind of numerical-control attenuator |
| CN111988014A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-11-24 | 成都芯川电子有限公司 | Low phase shift broadband numerical control attenuator applied to microwave and millimeter waves |
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| JP3839421B2 (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2006-11-01 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | High frequency amplifier circuit and mobile communication terminal using the same |
| CN109687840B (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2022-07-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十五研究所 | Low-loss miniaturized silicon-based numerical control attenuator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2005045547A (en) * | 2003-07-22 | 2005-02-17 | Shimada Phys & Chem Ind Co Ltd | Power amplifier |
| CN204408359U (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-06-17 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of nerval network chaotic circuit |
| CN206835057U (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2018-01-02 | 成都振芯科技股份有限公司 | A kind of numerical-control attenuator |
| CN111988014A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-11-24 | 成都芯川电子有限公司 | Low phase shift broadband numerical control attenuator applied to microwave and millimeter waves |
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