CN114583214A - Hydrogen fuel cell system and hydrogen fuel cell vehicle - Google Patents
Hydrogen fuel cell system and hydrogen fuel cell vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114583214A CN114583214A CN202210127888.XA CN202210127888A CN114583214A CN 114583214 A CN114583214 A CN 114583214A CN 202210127888 A CN202210127888 A CN 202210127888A CN 114583214 A CN114583214 A CN 114583214A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a hydrogen fuel cell system and hydrogen fuel cell car relates to new forms of energy technical field. The method comprises the following steps: a fuel cell stack having a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; the heat exchanger comprises a first passage and a second passage, the first passage is connected with external circulating liquid, an outlet of the second passage is connected with a liquid inlet through a first pipeline, and an inlet of the second passage is connected with a liquid outlet through a second pipeline; the three-way adjusting device comprises a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port and the second port are connected in series in the first pipeline, and the third port is connected to the second pipeline; the temperature detector is used for detecting the liquid temperature at the inlet, the liquid temperature at the liquid inlet and the liquid temperature at the liquid outlet of the first passage; and the controller is connected with the temperature detector and the three-way adjusting device and controls the three-way adjusting device based on temperature data detected by the temperature detector. The hydrogen fuel cell system solves the problem of slow response of the hydrogen fuel cell system.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell system and a hydrogen fuel cell automobile.
Background
At present, the environmental protection pressure and the fossil energy crisis drive the energy structure adjustment, and new energy technological achievements are emerging continuously and continuously change the energy pattern. The hydrogen energy can be obtained by electrolyzing water, the compound after combustion is water, the hydrogen energy is an ideal renewable clean energy, and the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle can effectively solve two problems, is pointed out to be the final choice and is one of the mainstream directions of automobile development in the future.
However, in order to actually market a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, the power and transient response of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle need to be solved, and the current power of the hydrogen fuel cell can be increased, but the response time of the hydrogen fuel cell system is also prolonged.
Therefore, how to take into account the power and the response time of the hydrogen fuel cell is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a hydrogen fuel cell system and a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, which solve the above-mentioned problems.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application provides the following technical solutions:
in one aspect, the present application provides a hydrogen fuel cell system comprising: a fuel cell stack having a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet;
the heat exchanger comprises a first passage and a second passage, the first passage is connected with external circulating liquid, an outlet of the second passage is connected with the liquid inlet through a first pipeline, and an inlet of the second passage is connected with the liquid outlet through a second pipeline;
the three-way adjusting device comprises a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port and the second port are connected in series in the first pipeline, and the third port is connected to the second pipeline;
the temperature detector is used for respectively detecting the liquid temperature at the inlet of the first passage, the liquid temperature at the liquid inlet and the liquid temperature at the liquid outlet;
the controller respectively with thermodetector with tee bend adjusting device connects, is used for based on the temperature data control that thermodetector detected tee bend adjusting device is in order to adjust liquid temperature of inlet port department.
The object of the invention can be further achieved by the following technical measures.
Optionally, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes:
the inlet of the adjusting water tank is connected to the first pipeline and is positioned between the outlet of the second passage and the three-way adjusting device; and the outlet of the adjusting water tank is connected to the second pipeline and is positioned between the liquid outlet and the third port of the three-way adjusting device and the connecting position of the second pipeline.
Optionally, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes:
and the control valve is arranged at the outlet of the adjusting water tank, is connected with the controller and is used for controlling the control valve through the controller so as to adjust the water supply amount of the adjusting water tank.
Optionally, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes:
a second temperature detector disposed at an inlet of the second passage for detecting a temperature of the liquid at the inlet of the second passage;
an inlet of the first passage is connected with an external circulating pump, and the external circulating pump is used for inputting external circulating liquid into the first passage;
wherein the second temperature detector and the external circulation pump are connected with the controller.
Optionally, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes:
the proportional valve is connected between the external circulating pump and the inlet of the first passage in series, and the other port of the proportional valve is connected to a pipeline of the outlet of the first passage;
wherein the proportional valve is connected with the controller.
Optionally, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes:
the auxiliary heater is arranged at the third port of the three-way adjusting device and is used for heating the liquid passing through the third port;
wherein the auxiliary heater is connected with the controller.
Optionally, the hydrogen fuel cell system further comprises:
a third temperature detector disposed at an outlet of the second passage for detecting a temperature of the liquid at the outlet of the second passage;
wherein the third temperature detector is connected with the controller.
Optionally, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes:
the pressurizing pump is connected in the second pipeline in series and is positioned between the liquid outlet and a connecting point of a third port of the three-way adjusting device and the second pipeline;
wherein the pressure pump is connected with the controller.
Optionally, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes:
and the expansion water tank is connected to the outlet of the first passage and communicated with a pipeline of external circulating liquid connected with the first passage.
In another aspect, the present application provides a hydrogen-fueled vehicle, including:
a hydrogen fuel cell system;
the hydrogen fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell stack having a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet;
the heat exchanger comprises a first passage and a second passage, the first passage is connected with external circulating liquid, an outlet of the second passage is connected with the liquid inlet through a first pipeline, and an inlet of the second passage is connected with the liquid outlet through a second pipeline;
the three-way adjusting device comprises a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port and the second port are connected in series in the first pipeline, and the third port is connected to the second pipeline;
the temperature detector is used for respectively detecting the liquid temperature at the inlet of the first passage, the liquid temperature at the liquid inlet and the liquid temperature at the liquid outlet;
the controller respectively with thermodetector with tee bend adjusting device connects, is used for based on the temperature data control that thermodetector detected tee bend adjusting device is in order to adjust liquid temperature of inlet port department.
By means of the technical scheme, the hydrogen fuel cell system and the hydrogen fuel cell automobile at least have the following advantages:
the hydrogen fuel cell system provided by the embodiment of the invention is additionally provided with the three-way adjusting device, the three-way adjusting device is connected to the first pipeline and the second pipeline, the amount and the flow rate of the cooled liquid flowing out of the heat exchanger and flowing into the fuel cell stack can be controlled, the three-way adjusting device is also connected with the controller, and the controller can control the opening and closing work of three ports of the three-way adjusting device and the control of the opening and closing size based on the temperature value detected by the temperature detector. Therefore, when the hydrogen fuel cell system just starts to operate, a large amount of low-temperature water exists in the system, and when the hydrogen fuel cell stack stably works, the required mixture needs to meet a certain temperature requirement, so that when the hydrogen fuel cell stack is started, the controller can adjust the opening of the three-way adjusting device, part of high-temperature wastewater flowing out of the liquid outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is mixed with low-temperature water flowing out of the outlet of the heat exchanger through the third port of the three-way adjusting device, the temperature of the mixture entering the hydrogen fuel cell stack can quickly meet the requirement, the hydrogen fuel cell stack can be quickly started, and the response speed of the hydrogen fuel cell system is further improved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the present application will become readily apparent from the following detailed description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the present application are illustrated by way of example and not by way of limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which like reference numerals refer to similar or corresponding parts and in which:
fig. 1 schematically shows a structural schematic view of a hydrogen fuel cell system;
fig. 2 schematically shows a structural schematic diagram of another hydrogen fuel cell system.
The reference numbers in the drawings are as follows:
the device comprises a fuel cell stack 1, a liquid inlet 11, a liquid outlet 12, a heat exchanger 2, a first pipeline 21, a second pipeline 22, a three-way adjusting device 3, a temperature detector T1-T3, an adjusting water tank 4, a control valve 5, a second temperature detector T4, an external circulating pump 6, a proportional valve 7, an auxiliary heater 8, a third temperature detector T5 and a booster pump 9.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a fuel cell stack 1, a heat exchanger 2, a three-way regulating device 3, temperature detectors T1-T3 and a controller (not shown in the figure); the fuel cell stack 1 has a liquid inlet 11 and a liquid outlet 12; the heat exchanger 2 comprises a first passage and a second passage, the first passage is connected with external circulating liquid, the outlet of the second passage is connected with the liquid inlet 11 through a first pipeline 21, and the inlet of the second passage is connected with the liquid outlet 12 through a second pipeline 22; the three-way adjusting device 3 comprises a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port and the second port are connected in series in the first pipeline 21, and the third port is connected to the second pipeline 22; the temperature detector respectively detects the liquid temperature at the inlet of the first passage, the liquid temperature at the liquid inlet 11 and the liquid temperature at the liquid outlet 12; the controller respectively with the thermodetector with tee bend adjusting device 3 is connected for based on the temperature data control that thermodetector detected tee bend adjusting device 3, in order to adjust 11 department liquid temperature of inlet.
Specifically, the fuel cell stack 1 is a device that generates electric energy using an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen, and is a technique known to a skilled person.
The heat exchanger 2 may be a plate heat exchanger, which is a heat exchange device for cooling and recycling the high-temperature wastewater generated by the fuel cell stack 1, and which is a device for cooling the high-temperature wastewater generated by the fuel cell stack 1 by using external circulating water, and is also a technique grasped by a technician. The first passage and the second passage of the heat exchanger 2 are not communicated and are used for respectively conveying liquid at different positions, namely the first passage conveys circulating liquid outside the system, such as the circulating liquid for cooling the whole vehicle, and the second passage conveys the circulating liquid in the fuel cell stack 1, and then the two passages carry out heat exchange through a heat exchange structure arranged in the second passage.
The three-way adjusting device 3 is an adjusting valve capable of controlling opening and closing of three ports and opening and closing sizes through a controller, and the opening and closing sizes of the ports are controlled through electric signals sent by the controller during specific work.
The temperature detectors T1-T3 may be detectors having a plurality of detection ends, that is, the detection of the temperature of the liquid at the inlet of the first passage, the detection of the temperature of the liquid at the liquid inlet 11, and the detection of the temperature of the liquid at the liquid outlet 12 are realized by one temperature detector. The temperature detector may also be a collective term for a plurality of detection units, i.e. T1 at the inlet of the first passage, T2 at the inlet 11, and T3 at the outlet 12, respectively, so as to detect the temperature at each of the above positions, for example, a plurality of temperature sensors.
The controller has a certain operation function and a certain control function, and can be a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), a microprocessor, a computer host and the like, a worker can set a control algorithm in the PLC, the microprocessor and the computer host in advance according to actual control needs, for example, a control algorithm based on a PID algorithm (a control method compiled by technicians according to the control needs of the hydrogen fuel cell system and compiled according to actual needs, and the control method is not limited and is not repeated here) so as to realize the opening degree control of the three-way adjusting device 3 according to temperature data obtained by the temperature detector, realize the control of a proper amount of suitable temperature water required by the fuel cell stack 1, and indirectly realize the improvement of the response level when the hydrogen fuel cell system is started. Further, the controller may be a general controller of the hydrogen fuel automobile, or may be an independent controller separately provided for the hydrogen fuel cell system.
The connection of the components of the fuel cell stack 1, the heat exchanger 2, the three-way regulator 3, and the like is a connection of pipelines, and the specific arrangement and connection manner of the pipelines are known to those skilled in the art. The circulating liquid or heat exchange liquid used in the system may be cooling liquid or water, and for convenience of description, water is used as the circulating liquid in the following description.
The hydrogen fuel cell system of the embodiment of the invention is additionally provided with the three-way adjusting device 3, the three-way adjusting device 3 is connected to the first pipeline 21 and is connected with the second pipeline 22, the quantity and the flow rate of the cooled liquid flowing out of the heat exchanger 2 and flowing into the fuel cell stack 1 can be controlled, the three-way adjusting device 3 is also connected with the controller, and the controller can control the opening and closing work of three ports of the three-way adjusting device 3 and the control of the opening and closing size based on the temperature value obtained by the detection of the temperature detector. Therefore, when the hydrogen fuel cell system just starts to operate, a large amount of low-temperature water exists in the system, and when the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 works stably, the required mixture needs to meet a certain temperature requirement, so that when the hydrogen fuel cell system starts, the controller can adjust the opening of the three-way adjusting device 3, part of high-temperature wastewater flowing out of the liquid outlet 12 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 passes through the third port of the three-way adjusting device 3 and is mixed with low-temperature water flowing out of the outlet of the heat exchanger 2, the temperature of the mixture entering the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 can meet the requirement rapidly, the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 can be started rapidly, and the response speed of the hydrogen fuel cell system is further improved.
In a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 2, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes: an inlet of the regulating water tank 4 is connected to the first pipeline 21 and is positioned between an outlet of the second passage and the three-way regulating device 3; the outlet of the regulating water tank 4 is connected to the second pipeline 22, and is located between the liquid outlet 12 and the connection position of the third port of the three-way regulating device 3 and the second pipeline 22.
In particular, it should be noted that the outlet of the regulating water tank 4 is connected in series with the outlet of the fuel cell stack 1 and before the third port of the three-way regulating device 3, so as to ensure that the regulating water tank 4 can be used to provide a regulating water source to the heat exchanger 2.
In a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 2, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes: and the control valve 5 is arranged at the outlet of the regulating water tank 4, is connected with the controller and is used for controlling the control valve 5 through the controller so as to regulate the water supply amount of the regulating water tank 4.
Specifically, the control valve 5 is arranged to control the amount of water output by the water-saving tank 4, and particularly, after the control valve 5 is connected with a controller, the control valve 5 can be controlled more intelligently through the controller to control the adjusting capacity of the water-saving tank 4, so that the adjusting capacity of the water-lifting type heat exchanger is improved, and the overall response level of the hydrogen fuel cell system is improved conveniently. Wherein the control valve 5 may be a solenoid valve.
In a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 2, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes: a second temperature detector T4, the second temperature detector T4 being provided at the inlet of the second passage for detecting the temperature of the liquid at the inlet of the second passage; the inlet of the first passage is connected with an external circulating pump 6, and the external circulating pump 6 is used for inputting external circulating liquid into the first passage; wherein the second temperature detector T4 and the external circulation pump 6 are connected with the controller.
Specifically, by setting the second temperature detector T4, the fluctuation of the operating temperature of the heat exchanger 2 can be further monitored, and further, by overall adjustment of the air conditioner, the improvement of the response level and the response accuracy of the whole system can be further realized.
Further, the external circulation pump 6 is used for introducing external cooling water for cooling the high-temperature wastewater generated by the fuel cell stack 1 into the hydrogen fuel cell system, and an outlet of the external circulation pump 6 is connected with a cooling water inlet of the heat exchanger 2. Through being connected outer circulating pump 6 with the controller, then the controller can not control the input power who adjusts outer circulating pump 6, increases the volume of the cooling water that gets into heat exchanger 2 gradually, makes the heat transfer power of heat exchanger 2 increase gradually to dispel the heat to the used heat that fuel cell pile 1 produced, guarantee fuel cell pile 1's normal work simultaneously, and then improve the response rate of system.
In a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 2, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes: a proportional valve 7, wherein the proportional valve 7 is connected in series between the external circulation pump 6 and the inlet of the first passage, and the other port of the proportional valve 7 is connected to the pipeline of the outlet of the first passage; wherein the proportional valve 7 is connected with the controller.
Specifically, through the setting of proportional valve 7, when the power of outer circulating pump 6 is too big, can shunt the water of outer circulating pump 6 output to improve the adjustment to the heat transfer power of heat exchanger 2, and then the reaction rate of lift system.
In a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 2, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes: an auxiliary heater 8, said auxiliary heater 8 being arranged at a third port of said third regulating means for heating the liquid passing through said third port; wherein the auxiliary heater 8 is connected with the controller.
Specifically, the auxiliary heater 8 is arranged to further heat the high-temperature wastewater output by the fuel cell stack 1, and then the high-temperature wastewater is mixed with the water flowing through the heat exchanger 2 and output through the three-way adjusting device 3, or the water heated by the auxiliary heater 8 is directly input into the fuel cell stack 1 through the three-way adjusting device 3, that is, the water with higher temperature can be provided for the fuel cell stack 1 in the starting stage of the hydrogen fuel cell system, so that the speed of the fuel cell stack 1 entering the stable operation stage from the starting stage can be increased, the response level of the whole system is improved, and the whole system can obtain larger adjusting margin in the period.
In a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 2, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes: a third temperature detector T5, the third temperature detector T5 being provided at the outlet of the second passage for detecting the temperature of the liquid at the outlet of the second passage; wherein the third temperature detector T5 is connected with the controller.
In particular, by means of the arrangement of the third temperature detector T5, the temperature of the cooled mixture (water and steam) flowing out of the heat exchanger 2 can be detected, so as to improve the monitoring capacity and the response level of the system.
In a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 2, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes: the pressurizing pump 9 is connected in series in the second pipeline 22 and is positioned between the liquid outlet 12 and the connection point of the third port of the three-way adjusting device 3 and the second pipeline 22; wherein the pressure pump 9 is connected with the controller.
Specifically, the booster pump 9 is a pump capable of increasing the delivery pressure and delivery quantity of fluids such as water, water and steam, and by setting the booster pump 9, it can be ensured that high-temperature wastewater generated in the fuel cell stack 1 can be discharged in time, and the response level of the whole system is prevented from being influenced by the process of flowing out of the high-temperature wastewater in the fuel cell stack 1.
In a specific implementation, the hydrogen fuel cell system further includes: and an expansion water tank (not shown in the figure) connected to an outlet of the first passage and communicated with a pipeline of external circulation liquid connected to the first passage.
Specifically, because the gas-liquid mixed fluid of water and steam is transmitted in the pipeline of the whole hydrogen fuel cell system, the expansion water tank is additionally arranged, so that the pressure of the pipeline in the whole system can be ensured to be in a certain level, and the condition that the safety is influenced by overlarge pressure is avoided.
Example two
The second embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen-fueled vehicle, including:
as shown in fig. 1, a hydrogen fuel cell system;
the hydrogen fuel cell system includes:
the system comprises a fuel cell stack 1, a heat exchanger 2, a three-way adjusting device 3, a temperature detector and a controller; the fuel cell stack 1 has a liquid inlet 11 and a liquid outlet 12; the heat exchanger 2 comprises a first passage and a second passage, the first passage is connected with external circulating liquid, the outlet of the second passage is connected with the liquid inlet 11 through a first pipeline 21, and the inlet of the second passage is connected with the liquid outlet 12 through a second pipeline 22; the three-way adjusting device 3 comprises a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port and the second port are connected in series in the first pipeline 21, and the third port is connected to the second pipeline 22; the temperature detector respectively detects the liquid temperature at the inlet of the first passage, the liquid temperature at the liquid inlet 11 and the liquid temperature at the liquid outlet 12; the controller respectively with the thermodetector with tee bend adjusting device 3 is connected for based on the temperature data control that thermodetector detected tee bend adjusting device 3, in order to adjust 11 department liquid temperature of inlet.
Specifically, the hydrogen fuel cell system provided in the first embodiment can be directly used in the hydrogen fuel cell system described in the second embodiment, and specific implementation structures can be referred to the related contents described in the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
The hydrogen fuel cell system used by the hydrogen fuel automobile provided by the embodiment of the invention is additionally provided with the three-way adjusting device 3, the three-way adjusting device 3 is connected to the first pipeline 21 and is connected with the second pipeline 22, the quantity and the flow rate of the cooled liquid flowing out of the heat exchanger 2 and flowing into the fuel cell stack 1 can be controlled, the three-way adjusting device 3 is also connected with the controller, and the controller can control the opening and closing work of three ports of the three-way adjusting device 3 and the control of the opening and closing size based on a temperature value obtained by the detection of the temperature detector. Therefore, when the hydrogen fuel cell system just starts to operate, a large amount of low-temperature water exists in the system, and when the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 works stably, the required mixture needs to meet a certain temperature requirement, so that when the hydrogen fuel cell system starts, the controller can adjust the opening of the three-way adjusting device 3, part of high-temperature wastewater flowing out of the liquid outlet 12 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 passes through the third port of the three-way adjusting device 3 and is mixed with low-temperature water flowing out of the outlet of the heat exchanger 2, the temperature of the mixture entering the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 can meet the requirement rapidly, the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 can be started rapidly, and the response speed of the hydrogen fuel cell system is further improved.
It will be appreciated that the relevant features of the devices described above may be referred to one another. In addition, "first", "second", and the like in the above embodiments are for distinguishing the embodiments, and do not represent merits of the embodiments.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A hydrogen fuel cell system, characterized by comprising:
a fuel cell stack having a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet;
the heat exchanger comprises a first passage and a second passage, the first passage is connected with external circulating liquid, an outlet of the second passage is connected with the liquid inlet through a first pipeline, and an inlet of the second passage is connected with the liquid outlet through a second pipeline;
the three-way adjusting device comprises a first port, a second port and a third port, wherein the first port and the second port are connected in series in the first pipeline, and the third port is connected to the second pipeline;
the temperature detector is used for respectively detecting the liquid temperature at the inlet of the first passage, the liquid temperature at the liquid inlet and the liquid temperature at the liquid outlet;
the controller respectively with thermodetector with tee bend adjusting device connects, is used for based on the temperature data control that thermodetector detected tee bend adjusting device is in order to adjust liquid temperature of inlet port department.
2. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
the inlet of the adjusting water tank is connected to the first pipeline and is positioned between the outlet of the second passage and the three-way adjusting device; and the outlet of the adjusting water tank is connected to the second pipeline and is positioned between the liquid outlet and the third port of the three-way adjusting device and the connecting position of the second pipeline.
3. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized by further comprising:
and the control valve is arranged at the outlet of the adjusting water tank, is connected with the controller and is used for controlling the control valve through the controller so as to adjust the water supply amount of the adjusting water tank.
4. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
a second temperature detector disposed at an inlet of the second passage for detecting a temperature of the liquid at the inlet of the second passage;
an inlet of the first passage is connected with an external circulating pump, and the external circulating pump is used for inputting external circulating liquid into the first passage;
wherein the second temperature detector and the external circulation pump are connected with the controller.
5. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized by further comprising:
the proportional valve is connected between the external circulating pump and the inlet of the first passage in series, and the other port of the proportional valve is connected to a pipeline of the outlet of the first passage;
wherein the proportional valve is connected with the controller.
6. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
the auxiliary heater is arranged at the third port of the three-way adjusting device and is used for heating the liquid passing through the third port;
wherein the auxiliary heater is connected with the controller.
7. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
a third temperature detector disposed at an outlet of the second passage for detecting a temperature of the liquid at the outlet of the second passage;
wherein the third temperature detector is connected with the controller.
8. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized by further comprising:
the pressurizing pump is connected in the second pipeline in series and is positioned between the liquid outlet and a connecting point of a third port of the three-way adjusting device and the second pipeline;
wherein the pressure pump is connected with the controller.
9. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
and the expansion water tank is connected to the outlet of the first passage and is communicated with a pipeline of external circulation liquid connected with the first passage.
10. A hydrogen fuel cell automobile, characterized by comprising:
a hydrogen fuel cell system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210127888.XA CN114583214A (en) | 2022-02-11 | 2022-02-11 | Hydrogen fuel cell system and hydrogen fuel cell vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210127888.XA CN114583214A (en) | 2022-02-11 | 2022-02-11 | Hydrogen fuel cell system and hydrogen fuel cell vehicle |
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| CN114583214A true CN114583214A (en) | 2022-06-03 |
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| CN202210127888.XA Pending CN114583214A (en) | 2022-02-11 | 2022-02-11 | Hydrogen fuel cell system and hydrogen fuel cell vehicle |
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| JP2013004205A (en) * | 2011-06-13 | 2013-01-07 | Nittetsu Elex Co Ltd | Control method and control device for cooling water flowing in fuel cell |
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