CN114578438A - Electromagnetic detection system for self-adaptive water area - Google Patents
Electromagnetic detection system for self-adaptive water area Download PDFInfo
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- CN114578438A CN114578438A CN202210477717.XA CN202210477717A CN114578438A CN 114578438 A CN114578438 A CN 114578438A CN 202210477717 A CN202210477717 A CN 202210477717A CN 114578438 A CN114578438 A CN 114578438A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
- G01V3/083—Controlled source electromagnetic [CSEM] surveying
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/42—Determining position
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V11/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive water area electromagnetic detection system, which comprises: GPS positioning system, sonar system, detecting system, control system, float boat and power traction ship, acquire electromagnetic signal through detecting system, wherein electromagnetic signal is time domain signal or frequency domain signal, acquires the depth data through the sonar system, through control system, based on the depth data is adjusted the boat position of floating to carry out the inversion imaging to electromagnetic signal, can obtain the structure condition of submarine geologic body and the distribution condition of unfavorable geologic body. The invention can realize imaging depicting of cracks, collapse and the like of the geologic body at the water bottom, realize accurate positioning and fine detection of geological problems such as leakage and the like, and meet the requirement of timely and effective measurement and treatment of disasters such as leakage and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic detection, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive water area electromagnetic detection system.
Background
The frequency domain/time domain electromagnetic method is developed for many years and is mature to be applied to exploration in various fields. The method plays an important role in the fields of engineering survey, mineral resources, underground water exploration, archaeology, environmental geological disaster exploration and the like. Gradually forming various methods such as an aviation frequency domain/time domain electromagnetic method, a ground-space frequency domain/time domain electromagnetic method, an ocean frequency domain/time domain electromagnetic method, a mine frequency domain/time domain electromagnetic method and the like. With the continuous development of exploration fields, frequency domain/time domain electromagnetic exploration continuously challenges more complex environments, more complex topography and more complex exploration targets. The water exploration is also an important field of frequency domain/time domain electromagnetic development, the frequency domain/time domain electromagnetic exploration of a small-scale abnormal body in a shallow water area is a difficult point, and the method is also one aspect of the field of frequency domain/time domain electromagnetic development.
The geophysical electromagnetic detection technology has greatly improved exploration capacity and precision, and the engineering geophysical prospecting becomes the most effective high-tech means essential for solving the engineering construction and geography problems internationally. In the construction of large buildings such as bridges, dams, wharfs and long-distance pipelines, the primary task is basic geological exploration in the feasibility research stage and the initial exploration and detailed exploration stages.
However, most of the above works are carried out on land, and when geological problems such as leakage and the like occur in hydropower stations, reservoirs, rivers and the like, detection is often carried out on land, on water surfaces and under water in a combined manner. Compared with the ground exploration work, the water area exploration work is more difficult. At present, the method applied to underwater detection is few at home, the university of Anhui Engineers makes underwater towed direct current detection research, and the Germany makes shallow water direct current and electromagnetic detection research internationally, and the technologies do not have the functions of complex underwater environment and deep water detection. Meanwhile, the acquisition systems of the existing geophysical electromagnetic method such as direct current, transient electromagnetism, magnetotelluric and the like are all suitable for land and cannot operate on the water surface and under the water in reservoir areas such as hydropower stations, shipping rivers, irrigation projects and the like, and a time domain electromagnetic detection system and a frequency domain electromagnetic detection system are two devices and cannot realize the sharing of two kinds of detection on the same device system, so that the detection efficiency is greatly reduced and the acquisition systems cannot be suitable for operation in water areas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an adaptive water area electromagnetic detection system to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an adaptive water area electromagnetic detection system, comprising: a sonar system, a detection system, a control system, a floating boat and a power traction boat;
the sonar system and the detection system are arranged on the floating boat, the control system is arranged on the power traction boat, the floating boat is connected with the power traction boat, and the control system is respectively connected with the sonar system and the detection system;
the detection system is used for acquiring an electromagnetic signal, wherein the electromagnetic signal is a time domain signal or a frequency domain signal;
the sonar system is used for acquiring depth data;
and the control system adjusts the position of the floating boat based on the depth data and performs inversion imaging on the electromagnetic signals to obtain the structure condition of the underwater geologic body and the distribution condition of the unfavorable geologic body.
Preferably, the system further comprises a GPS system, wherein the GPS system is arranged on the power traction ship and is connected with the control system, and the GPS system is used for measuring and acquiring the positioning data of the detection system.
Preferably, the detection system includes a transmitting device and a receiving device, wherein the transmitting device is provided with a transmitting coil, the transmitting device transmits a detection signal through the transmitting coil, the receiving device is provided with a receiving coil, the receiving device receives an electromagnetic signal obtained based on reflection of the detection signal through the receiving coil, and both the transmitting coil and the receiving coil adopt waterproof coils.
Preferably, the detection system comprises a transmitting and receiving device, wherein the transmitting and receiving device is provided with a self-transmitting and self-receiving coil, the transmitting and receiving device transmits a detection signal through the self-transmitting and self-receiving coil and receives an electromagnetic signal transmitted based on the detection signal, and the self-transmitting and self-receiving coil is a waterproof coil.
Preferably, the control system comprises an acquisition device and an interpretation device, the acquisition device is used for receiving detection data, wherein the detection data comprises: the device comprises an electromagnetic signal, depth data and positioning data, and an interpretation device, wherein the interpretation device is used for denoising and signal analyzing the electromagnetic signal to obtain resistivity, carrying out geological interpretation based on the resistivity, and splicing the interpreted data based on the depth data and the positioning data to obtain the structure condition of the underwater geologic body and the distribution condition of the unfavorable geologic body.
Preferably, the floating boat is connected with the power traction boat through a cable, the control system is respectively connected with the detection system and the sonar system through a cable, and the cable is a logging cable.
Preferably, a plurality of buoyancy plates and a plurality of balance devices are arranged on the floating boat, the buoyancy plates are used for adjusting the position of the floating boat according to distance signals generated by the control system based on the depth data so as to enable the relative position of the detection system and the water bottom to be unchanged, and the balance devices are used for balancing the floating boat so as to enable the electromagnetic signals to be vertically transmitted and the electromagnetic signals to be vertically received.
Preferably, the floating boat is provided with a waterproof shell, and the waterproof shell and the floating boat are made of non-magnetized materials.
The invention has the technical effects that:
the invention can acquire electromagnetic signals generated after being reflected by an underwater medium through a water area electromagnetic detection system, and can analyze the signals through GPS positioning data and sonar sounding data by combining geological data so as to determine the structure condition of the underwater geologic body and the distribution condition of bad geologic bodies. Electromagnetic signals are subjected to inversion imaging, noise reduction treatment on water body influence and restriction on water body and sludge influence are combined, carving on cracks, collapse and the like of a water bottom geologic body can be achieved, accurate positioning and fine detection on geological problems such as leakage are achieved, and timely and effective treatment on disasters such as leakage is achieved. The technology is suitable for the detection and safety evaluation of poor geologic bodies such as leakage of hydraulic engineering of hydropower stations, natural reservoirs, riverbeds and the like, and the detection of water areas is realized by the whole set of system and device.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a control system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a frequency domain square wave signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a time-domain step signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a single-transmitting and single-receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a transceiver device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of electronic circuitry in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a GPS positioning system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of sonar depth measurement in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a dedicated cable in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a balancing system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of inversion effects in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 13 is a flow chart of the design of the detection system in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and that, although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than presented herein.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an adaptive water area electromagnetic detection system, including: a sonar system, a detection system, a control system, a GPS system, a floating boat and a power traction boat; the sonar system and the detection system are arranged on a floating boat, the control system is arranged on a power traction boat, the floating boat is connected with the power traction boat, and the control system is respectively connected with the sonar system and the detection system.
The system of the invention is mainly designed to carry out geological detection operation in water areas such as hydropower stations, natural reservoir areas, irrigation and water conservancy projects and the like, and relates to four important components and systems which are combined into a multifunctional water area detection system device, mainly comprising: the electromagnetic signal generating device and the electromagnetic signal receiving device are positioned on the floating boat, the electromagnetic signal can be a time domain signal or a frequency domain signal, and the transmitting mode and the explaining mode of the electromagnetic signal can be switched according to the working requirement; a GPS positioning device, as shown in fig. 8, which includes a power supply, a receiver and a carrier generator, the positioning information is subjected to frequency conversion and signal diffusion demodulation, and finally the positioning information is stored in a CPU through a memory, the GPS positioning device is located on a power towing vessel, the power towing vessel is connected with a carrier floating boat of a detection system through a cable, and the relative position can be changed and fixed to ensure that the GPS realizes positioning of the detection position; a detection acquisition interpretation control system, as shown in fig. 2; the carrier pontoon bottom of detecting system is equipped with the sonar system, as shown in fig. 9, and the sonar system includes: sonar electronic switch, regulation/demodulation, sampling filtering, beam forming, receiving and dispatching conversion equipment, sonar emitter and mechanical control device, wherein mechanical control device includes: the sonar system is mainly used for determining the depth of the detection system from the water bottom, and can realize the operations of keeping the relative distance of the detection system from the water bottom unchanged under the conditions of water depth change and water bottom terrain change, and the like so as to ensure the sonar system is suitable for different underwater terrain conditions; the carrier float boat of the detection system is connected with the power system ship through a cable, the cable is a cable used for oil well logging, as shown in figure 10, the outer part of the cable is a steel wire, the inner part of the cable is a data transmission line, and an insulating interlayer is arranged in the middle of the cable, so that the carrier float boat can bear traction power and ensure signal fidelity transmission; the floating boat serving as a carrier of the detection system is controlled to float up and down by the buoyancy plate, the buoyancy plate is controlled by the numerical control device, and people can directly operate the floating boat on an operation platform of the power boat so as to control the position of the floating boat in a water area according to sonar sounding. And the lower end is provided with four balancing devices, as shown in fig. 11, to ensure that the floating boat is kept balanced in water, and further ensure that the transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals are transmitted and received vertically to the water bottom, so as to ensure the quality of the signals; the electromagnetic signal generating device can be used for single-transmission and single-reception or self-transmission and self-reception, and the size of the transmitting coil can be adjusted, as shown in fig. 5-6, so as to adapt to different detection depths and accuracy requirements. The transmitting coil can transmit time domain signals and can also transmit frequency domain signals by changing the probe; the detection system is generally arranged in the floating boat, the floating boat can be positioned on the water surface and can also go deep into the water, the waterproof shell of the floating boat is automatically opened when going deep into the water, so that the detection system is protected from being damaged by water erosion, and the waterproof shell and the floating boat are made of unmagnetized materials so as to avoid interference on electromagnetic emission and reception.
As shown in fig. 13, the specific process of the detection system: starting detection device control system, sonar measures the depth of measurement, and the degree of depth that floats about rethread buoyancy board control detection device surface of water, wherein balancing unit control detection device's stability, the GPS device fixes a position simultaneously, starts boats and ships driving system, and detection system begins data acquisition, through cable with data transmission to the receiver, data acquisition accomplishes, closes detection device control system and boats and ships driving system.
As shown in fig. 2, the control system has the following work flow: starting an acquisition program, setting parameters by a control system, starting data acquisition by the control system, preparing data for an interpreter by the acquired data, exiting the acquisition program, starting the interpreter, reading data acquired in the field of the acquisition program, starting processing the data, outputting various result pictures, and exiting the interpreter.
In the working process, the acquisition station and the control system are placed on a deck of the power ship, as shown in figure 1, a transmitting and receiving antenna of a water area frequency domain/time domain electromagnetic system is fixed in a cabin body of the pontoon, the power ship walks according to a GPS positioning set air line in the towing process, data is uploaded once per second, and by means of repeated navigation towing type data acquisition, measurement points cover a measurement line as many as possible, and finally the frequency domain/time domain electromagnetic measurement line is formed.
In operation, the transmitting coil transmits periodic square wave or pulse electromagnetic signals to the water bottom, as shown in fig. 3-4, the transmitting coil can be a self-transmitting and self-receiving coil, a single-transmitting and single-receiving coil, or a double-transmitting and single-receiving coil, and the part needs to be replaced by a specific configuration for detecting engineering. When frequency domain detection is carried out, a receiving coil receives a frequency domain signal; when time domain detection is carried out, current is interrupted to form a step pulse signal, a secondary field signal is formed through electromagnetic induction, the secondary field signal contains water bottom geologic body physical property information, when the received signal is subjected to noise reduction, signal analysis and the like, geological interpretation is carried out through the parameter of resistivity, geophysical inversion imaging is carried out on the information, and fine detection on a water bottom structure and a bad geologic body is realized. As shown in fig. 7, the electronic circuit system first sets a voltage extraction path, then performs voltage extraction, stores a voltage extraction curve, enters a receipt profile, calculates resistivity 1 and resistivity 2 according to the ATEM voltage, stores the calculation result, and finally enters a step of drawing a resistivity profile.
The equipment for water area frequency domain/time domain electromagnetic prospecting is shown in figure 1. The receiving and sending coils (or probes) are required to be subjected to waterproof treatment and are towed by a power boat. The transport process and the landing use amphibious conversion to realize convenient and quick launching operation and landing transportation.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the theoretical detection effect provided by this patent, and the model is set as: resistivity of the first water layer was 50 Ω
m, water depth 100 m; second layer sludge 10 omega
m, the layer thickness is 2 meters; the third leakage layer is 100 omega
m, the layer thickness is 10 meters; resistivity of the fourth layer is 500 omega
m, layer thickness infinity. The electromagnetic detection device is positioned at the position with the water depth of 95 meters, a vertical magnetic field is obtained through theoretical calculation, and 3% of noise is added to serve as inversion data. The water layer and sludge layer constraint imaging results are shown in fig. 12, which shows that the real model curve and the inversion curve are superposed on the water layer (first layer) and the sludge layer (second layer), and have obvious identification effect on the third leakage layer and the bottom layer, thus proving that the measurement technology of the invention is feasible.
The invention can acquire electromagnetic signals generated after being reflected by an underwater medium through a water area electromagnetic detection system, and can analyze the signals through GPS positioning data and sonar sounding data by combining geological data so as to determine the structure condition of the underwater geologic body and the distribution condition of bad geologic bodies. Electromagnetic signals are subjected to inversion imaging, noise reduction treatment on water body influence and restriction on sludge influence are combined, carving of cracks, collapse and the like of a water bottom geologic body can be achieved, accurate positioning and fine detection on geological problems such as leakage are achieved, and timely and effective treatment on disasters such as leakage is achieved. The technology is suitable for the detection and safety evaluation of poor geologic bodies such as leakage of hydraulic engineering of hydropower stations, natural reservoirs, riverbeds and the like, and the detection of water areas is realized by the whole set of system and device.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. An adaptive water area electromagnetic detection system, comprising: the system comprises a positioning system, a sonar system, a detection system, a control system, a floating boat and a power traction boat;
the sonar system and the detection system are arranged on the floating boat, the control system and the positioning system are arranged on the power traction boat, the floating boat is connected with the power traction boat, the control system is respectively connected with the sonar system and the detection system, and the positioning system is connected with the detection system;
the positioning system is used for positioning the detection system;
the detection system is used for acquiring an electromagnetic signal, wherein the electromagnetic signal is a time domain signal or a frequency domain signal;
the sonar system is used for acquiring depth data;
and the control system adjusts the position of the floating boat based on the depth data and performs inversion imaging on the electromagnetic signals to obtain the structure condition of the underwater geologic body and the distribution condition of the unfavorable geologic body.
2. The adaptive water area electromagnetic detection system of claim 1,
the positioning system adopts a GPS system, the GPS system is arranged on the power traction ship and connected with the control system, and the GPS system is used for measuring and acquiring the positioning data of the detection system.
3. The adaptive water area electromagnetic detection system of claim 1,
the detection system comprises a transmitting device and a receiving device, wherein the transmitting device is provided with a transmitting coil, the transmitting device transmits a detection signal through the transmitting coil, the receiving device is provided with a receiving coil, the receiving device receives an electromagnetic signal obtained based on the reflection of the detection signal through the receiving coil, and the transmitting coil and the receiving coil both adopt waterproof coils.
4. The adaptive water area electromagnetic detection system of claim 1,
the detection system comprises a transmitting and receiving device, wherein a self-transmitting and self-receiving coil is arranged on the transmitting and receiving device, the transmitting and receiving device transmits a detection signal through the self-transmitting and self-receiving coil and receives an electromagnetic signal obtained by transmitting the detection signal, and the self-transmitting and self-receiving coil adopts a waterproof coil.
5. The adaptive water area electromagnetic survey system of claim 2,
the control system comprises an acquisition device and an interpretation device, wherein the acquisition device is used for receiving detection data, and the detection data comprises: the device comprises an electromagnetic signal, depth data and positioning data, and an interpretation device, wherein the interpretation device is used for denoising and signal analyzing the electromagnetic signal to obtain resistivity, carrying out geological interpretation based on the resistivity, and splicing the interpreted data based on the depth data and the positioning data to obtain the structure condition of the underwater geologic body and the distribution condition of the unfavorable geologic body.
6. The adaptive water area electromagnetic detection system of claim 1,
the floating boat is connected with the power traction boat through a cable, the control system is respectively connected with the detection system and the sonar system through cables, and the cables adopt logging cables.
7. The adaptive water area electromagnetic detection system of claim 1,
the floating device comprises a floating boat and is characterized in that a plurality of buoyancy plates and a plurality of balance devices are arranged on the floating boat, the buoyancy plates are used for adjusting the position of the floating boat according to distance signals generated by a control system based on depth data so as to enable the relative position of a detection system and the water bottom to be unchanged, and the balance devices are used for balancing the floating boat so as to achieve vertical transmission of electromagnetic signals and vertical reception of the electromagnetic signals.
8. The adaptive water area electromagnetic detection system of claim 1,
the floating boat is provided with a waterproof shell, and the waterproof shell and the floating boat are made of non-magnetized materials.
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