CN114578086B - Wind measuring tower and method for realizing advanced yaw of wind driven generator by using wind measuring tower - Google Patents
Wind measuring tower and method for realizing advanced yaw of wind driven generator by using wind measuring tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN114578086B CN114578086B CN202210041265.0A CN202210041265A CN114578086B CN 114578086 B CN114578086 B CN 114578086B CN 202210041265 A CN202210041265 A CN 202210041265A CN 114578086 B CN114578086 B CN 114578086B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/18—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures movable or with movable sections, e.g. rotatable or telescopic
- E04H12/182—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures movable or with movable sections, e.g. rotatable or telescopic telescopic
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/20—Side-supporting means therefor, e.g. using guy ropes or struts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0272—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor by measures acting on the electrical generator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P1/00—Details of instruments
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
- G01P13/02—Indicating direction only, e.g. by weather vane
- G01P13/025—Indicating direction only, e.g. by weather vane indicating air data, i.e. flight variables of an aircraft, e.g. angle of attack, side slip, shear, yaw
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a wind measuring tower and a method for realizing the advanced yaw of a wind driven generator by using the wind measuring tower, wherein the wind measuring tower comprises a tower frame and a anemoscope, and the tower frame comprises: the lower tower is horizontally provided with a mounting seat at the top, the mounting seat is provided with a mounting hole which is arranged up and down, a mounting cylinder is fixed in the mounting hole and provided with a radial through hole, the mounting cylinder is vertical to the mounting seat and extends along the lower part of the mounting seat, and a locking assembly is arranged in the mounting seat; the outer diameter of the lifting rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting cylinder, the lifting rod is arranged in the mounting cylinder of the lower tower in a sliding manner, and a locking groove is formed in the position, close to the bottom end of the lifting rod; the power unit is connected between the lower tower and the lifting rod; by means of the scheme, the height required by detecting the wind speed and the wind direction can be achieved under normal weather conditions, the tower can be protected by reducing the height under extreme weather conditions, and particularly in rugged hilly areas, the lifting rod can also compensate for the difference of the heights of the ground by changing the height of the lifting rod relative to the lower tower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wind power generation, in particular to a wind measuring tower and a method for realizing the advanced yaw of a wind driven generator by using the wind measuring tower.
Background
The wind measuring tower is a high-rise tower structure for measuring wind energy parameters, namely a tower-shaped structure for observing and recording the movement condition of air flow near the ground. The wind power generation device is matched with a wind power generator, the wind power generation device is arranged in a target wind field, monitoring equipment such as an anemometer, a temperature gauge, a pressure gauge and the like are arranged at different heights of a tower body, the wind power condition in the wind field can be observed continuously in all weather, and the analysis of the actual condition of wind power in the wind field is realized. The existing wind measuring tower is single in structure, mainly comprises a plurality of sections of tower units assembled to form a tower with a narrow upper end and a wide lower end, a tower seat is formed at the bottom in a prefabricated mode, then steel pipe sections are utilized for manufacturing, and the height of the whole tower is fixed after the manufacturing is completed. Because the height of the wind measuring tower is higher and is generally more than 100m, wind loads received by the upper end and the lower end of the wind measuring tower are different, in general, the wind load received by the part of the wind measuring tower close to the top end is larger, particularly in hilly areas of sea-free areas, the wind level is high, and the wind measuring tower is also a frequent area of extreme weather such as typhoons, so the wind load resistance of the wind measuring tower is an important consideration factor when decoupling strands in design engineering, and the wind load resistance of the current wind measuring tower is weak and cannot be flexibly dealt with under the extreme weather.
Disclosure of Invention
The application relates to a wind measuring tower and a method for realizing the advanced yaw of a wind driven generator by the wind measuring tower, wherein the wind measuring tower comprises a tower frame, a plurality of anemometers are arranged on the tower frame, the tower frame comprises:
The lower tower is horizontally provided with a mounting seat at the top, the mounting seat is provided with a mounting hole which is arranged up and down, a mounting cylinder is fixed in the mounting hole and provided with a radial through hole, the mounting cylinder is vertical to the mounting seat and extends along the lower part of the mounting seat, and a locking assembly is arranged in the mounting seat;
the outer diameter of the lifting rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting cylinder, the lifting rod is arranged in the mounting cylinder of the lower tower in a sliding manner, a locking groove is formed in the position, close to the bottom end of the lifting rod, and a through hole in the mounting cylinder can be aligned with the locking groove so that the locking assembly can be conveniently inserted into the locking groove;
and the power unit is connected between the lower tower and the lifting rod and used for driving the lifting rod to slide in the mounting cylinder of the mounting seat.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
The first connecting part is arranged at a position of the lifting rod close to the top end of the lifting rod;
The second connecting part is arranged at the top end of the lower tower, and the first connecting part is connected with the second connecting part when the lifting rod is lowered to the lowest position;
At least two stay wires, the stay wires are evenly arranged at intervals along the circumference of the lifting rod, one end of each stay wire is connected with the first connecting part, and the other end of each stay wire is connected with a wire roller arranged on the ground.
Preferably, the first connection portion includes:
The connecting plates are vertically arranged at the positions, close to the top ends of the lifting rods, and the stay wires are symmetrically arranged on the connecting plates;
The toper end of two toper connectors is vertical to set up downwards, and two toper connectors symmetry set up in the both ends of each connecting plate, and the stay wire corresponds to set up in two toper connectors, and second connecting portion includes:
The connecting frame body is in a box shape, the side wall of the connecting frame body is provided with an opening upwards, a conical cavity is formed in the connecting frame body, the opening of the conical cavity is upwards and the top edge of the conical cavity is tangent to the side wall of the connecting frame body with the opening, the opening is communicated with the conical cavity to form the conical cavity with an opening on the circumferential side wall, the connecting frame body is provided with a cover plate curled upwards, the cover plate is hinged to the side wall of the connecting frame body, the side wall is symmetrical to the side wall where the opening is located, an elastic piece is connected between the cover plate and the connecting frame body, and the elastic piece can pull the cover plate to the position tangent to the side wall of the connecting frame body where the opening is located.
Preferably, the lowest position of the conical cavity is lower than the lowest position of the opening.
Preferably, the elastic member is an extension spring or a torsion spring.
Preferably, the mount pad is upper and lower end confined hollow structure, the internal surface of the up end of mount pad and the internal surface of lower terminal surface are equipped with first slide rail respectively, the mount pad is located still to be equipped with middle slide rail between two slide rails, the locking groove with through setting up two sets of respectively, two sets of locking grooves and two sets of through hole symmetry settings, the locking subassembly sets up two sets of, each set of locking groove and each set of through hole set up three respectively, two sets of locking subassemblies correspond and insert two sets of locking grooves and through downthehole, each set of locking subassembly includes:
The two first locking blocks are correspondingly arranged on the first sliding rail in a sliding way; each first locking block is connected with the mounting seat through a spring;
The middle locking block is arranged on the middle sliding rail in a sliding way, and the end faces of the first locking block and the middle locking block, which are close to the mounting cylinder, are arc-shaped surfaces;
The two connecting rod assemblies have the same structure and are correspondingly connected between the first locking blocks and the middle locking blocks.
Preferably, each link assembly includes:
The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged at one end of the first connecting rod, the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the first locking block, the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged with the middle locking block, and the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are respectively hinged with the mounting seat at positions close to the centers of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod.
Preferably, the circumference lateral wall of lifter has cross fixture block, and the upper surface of mount pad is equipped with cross draw-in groove, and the cross fixture block of lifter can insert in the cross draw-in groove.
Preferably, the power unit includes:
the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley are symmetrically arranged at the top end of the lower tower;
the movable pulley is arranged at the bottom end of the lifting rod;
The wire roller and the motor are arranged on the lower tower;
and one end of the winding wire is connected with the first fixed pulley, and the other end of the winding wire bypasses the movable pulley and the second fixed pulley to be connected with the wire roller.
The application also provides a method for realizing the advanced yaw of the wind driven generator by detecting the wind direction of a wind field by using the wind measuring tower, which comprises the following steps:
a. Setting wind towers in a plurality of directions on the periphery of a wind field of a wind driven generator, and determining the height, the number and the distance of the wind towers according to the on-site topography and the main current wind direction information of local wind;
b. Determining the height ratio of the lower tower to the lifting rod according to the height of the wind measuring tower in the step a, wherein the ratio of the lower tower to the lifting rod is not less than 7:3;
c. according to the ground height of the position of each wind measuring tower, the lifting height of the lifting rod of each wind measuring tower relative to the lifting height of the lower tower is adjusted, so that the highest heights of a plurality of wind measuring towers are the same;
d. The wind speed and direction instruments on each wind measuring tower respectively send signals to each wind driven generator, each wind driven generator carries out analog-digital conversion on the signals sent by each wind measuring tower and compares the signals to find the maximum value, and each generator adjusts the deflection angle of the rotor in advance according to the maximum value judged by the generator.
According to the application, the tower is arranged in the form of the lower tower and the lifting rod, the lifting rod is used for lifting relative to the lower tower, so that the height of the lifting rod can be adjusted according to the extreme weather conditions, the height required by detecting the wind speed and the wind direction under the normal weather conditions can be realized, and the height of the lifting rod can be reduced under the extreme weather conditions to protect the tower; in addition, the towers are arranged in the form of the lower towers and the lifting rods, particularly in rugged hilly areas, the lifting rods can compensate the defect of uneven ground level in hilly areas by changing the height of the lifting rods relative to the lower towers, the consistency of the heights of the towers of all wind measuring towers is ensured, and wind speed and wind direction information can be obtained in advance for a longer time by arranging a plurality of wind measuring towers around wind fields of the wind driven generator by using wind speed and wind direction instruments on the wind measuring towers, so that the wind driven generator can adjust the rotor angle in advance, yaw is realized, each wind driven generator can utilize wind energy to the greatest extent, loss of wind energy is reduced, and the wind energy utilization rate is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a lifting rod of the present invention raised to a highest position;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the portion I of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a lifter bar;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the cross-shaped slot of FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is an enlarged view at II in fig. 1;
FIG. 6 is a right side view of the connecting frame body of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the lifter when the lifter is lowered to the lowest position;
fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the lifter of fig. 7 at III when it is lowered to the lowest position.
In the figure, 1, a tower, 101, a lower tower, 102, a lifting rod, 103, a cross-shaped clamping block, 2, a winding roller, 3, a stay wire, 4, a mounting seat, 5, a mounting cylinder, 6, a cross-shaped clamping groove, 7, an anemometer, 8, a first connecting part 801, a connecting plate, 802, a conical connecting body, 9, a power unit, 901, a second fixed pulley, 902, a first fixed pulley, 903, a movable pulley, 904, a winding wire, 905, a wire roller, 10, a locking groove, 11, a through hole, 12, a locking assembly 1201, a first sliding rail, 1202, a spring, 1203, a connecting rod, 1204, an intermediate locking block, 1205, an intermediate sliding rail, 1206, a connecting rod assembly 1206a, a second connecting rod, 1206b, a first connecting rod, 1207, a first locking block, 13, a second connecting part 1301, an open notch, 1305, a connecting frame body, 1303, a conical cavity, 1304, an elastic piece, a cover plate and a cover plate are shown.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
In addition, in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-8, the present application is a wind measuring tower and a method for implementing advanced yaw of a wind driven generator by using the wind measuring tower, wherein the wind measuring tower includes a tower 1, and a plurality of anemometers 7 are arranged on the tower 1 and are used for obtaining wind speed and direction information.
The above tower 1 comprises a lower tower 101, a lifting rod 102 and a power unit 9. Wherein, lower pylon 101 is assembled through multistage pylon monomer to lower pylon 101 is the quadrangular frame body, and it includes four reinforcing bar stands and welds the strengthening rib etc. between four reinforcing bar stands, and the top level of lower pylon 101 is equipped with mount pad 4, and this mount pad 4 is located the intermediate position of four reinforcing bar stands of lower pylon 101, simultaneously, the mount pad 4 welds the fixed that realizes mount pad 4 on four reinforcing bar stands. The mount pad 4 has the mounting hole that sets up from top to bottom, and the welding has a mount cylinder 5 in this mounting hole, and the top of mount cylinder 5 and the upper surface parallel and level of mount pad 4, the bottom downwardly extending and stretch out the certain length of mount pad 4 bottom, and mount cylinder 5 can play the effect of direction lifter 102 on the one hand, on the other hand to its downwardly extending's length, mount cylinder 5 still has spacing and the effect of fixed lifter 102.
The mounting cylinder 5 is provided with a radial through hole 11, the mounting seat 4 is internally provided with a locking component 12, and the locking component 12 is matched with the through hole 11 to lock the lifting rod 102 in the mounting cylinder 5. For the lifting rod 102, the outer diameter of the lifting rod 102 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting cylinder 5, so that the lifting rod 102 can be inserted into the mounting cylinder 5, and the situation that the lifting rod 102 shakes in the mounting cylinder 5 due to the fact that a gap between the lifting rod 102 and the mounting cylinder 5 is too large can be avoided. The lifting lever 102 is provided with a plurality of locking grooves 10 at intervals along the length direction thereof, and when the lifting lever 102 is lifted to the highest position (the height at this time is also the maximum height of the anemometer tower), the locking grooves 10 on the lifting lever 102 are aligned with the through holes 11 of the mounting cylinder 5, and at this time, the locking assembly 12 is inserted into the through holes 11 and the locking grooves 10 to lock the lifting lever 102.
The locking assembly 12 is externally connected to the mount 4 in advance, and then the mount cylinder 5 is welded to the mount 4 as a whole, and then the whole is welded to the lower tower 101.
However, the lifting of the lifting rod 102 in the mounting cylinder 5 is achieved by a driving unit, which is connected between the lower tower 101 and the lifting rod 102, and the driving unit in this embodiment not only can drive the lifting rod 102 to lift up and down relative to the mounting cylinder 5, but also has a locking and limiting function on the lifting rod 102.
The ratio of the lower tower 101 to the lifting rod 102 is about 7:3, that is, if the total height of the anemometer tower needs 150 meters, the height of the lower tower 101 is about 105 meters, and the height of the lifting rod 102 is about 45 meters. The lower tower 101 is also the main foundation height part, the height compensation of which is mainly achieved by means of the lifting rod 102. The wind measuring tower of the form not only can ensure the most main wind measuring function of the wind measuring tower, but also can reduce the height of the lifting rod 102 under the condition of extreme weather, so that the height of the whole wind measuring tower is reduced, and the capability of resisting the extreme weather is enhanced by reducing the height of the lifting rod 102.
Further, the tower 1 comprises, in addition to the above, a first connection part 8, a second connection part 13 and at least two wires 3. The first connecting portion 8 is arranged at a position, close to the top end, of the lifting rod 102, the second connecting portion 13 is arranged at the top end of the lower tower 101, when the lifting rod 102 is lowered to the lowest end, the first connecting portion 8 and the second connecting portion 13 are connected, the lifting rod 102 can be further fixed, and shaking of the lifting rod relative to the lower tower 101 is reduced. The two stay wires 3 are symmetrically arranged relative to the lifting rod 102, one end of each stay wire 3 is connected with the first connecting part 8, and the other end is connected with the winding roller 2 arranged on the ground. The winding roller 2 can be connected with a motor (the motor is not shown because of the view angle), and the winding roller 2 is driven by the motor to rotate, so that the tightness and the tightness of the pull wire 3 are realized. The winding roller 2 and the motor can be buried below the ground, sealing and waterproofing are well performed, and the wire 3 can pass through the rigid plastic sleeve at the junction position with the ground.
The existence of the stay wire 3 further enhances the stability of the whole tower 1, the tightness of the winding roller 2 and the motor control stay wire 3 is in order to match the movable structure of the lifting rod 102 relative to the lower tower 101, when the lifting rod 102 ascends, the stay wire 3 ascends along with the ascending of the lifting rod 102, the motor drives the winding roller 2 to rotate at the moment, so that the stay wire 3 is loosened, the redundant stay wire 3 ascends along with the ascending of the lifting rod 102, and when the lifting rod 102 ascends to the highest position, the locking assembly 12 is inserted into the through hole 11 and the locking groove 10, and meanwhile, the motor drives the winding roller 2 to rotate to tighten the stay wire 3. When the lifting rod 102 descends, the stay wire 3 is loosened, when the lifting rod 102 descends to the lowest position, the first connecting part 8 and the second connecting part 13 on the lifting rod 102 are connected, at the moment, the motor drives the winding roller 2 to rotate, the stay wire 3 is tensioned, and the stability of the lifting rod 102 can be enhanced, the stability of the lower tower 101 can be further enhanced, and the stability of the whole tower 1 is enhanced due to the fact that the first connecting part 8 and the second connecting part 13 are connected.
In this embodiment, the first connection portion 8 includes a plurality of connection plates 801, two tapered connection bodies 802, and a connection frame body 1302. The number of the connecting plates 801 is set according to the number of the stay wires 3, the number of the connecting plates 801 is the number of the connecting plates 801, the middle position of each connecting plate 801 is welded with the lifting rod 102, the connecting plates 801 are vertically arranged at the position, close to the top end of each lifting rod 102, and the stay wires 3 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of each connecting plate 801. The length of the connection plate 801 is very short, and the length is slightly larger than the diameter of the lifting rod 102, so that the strength of the connection plate 801 is improved, and the deformation of the connection plate 801 in the state that the pull wire 3 is tensioned is reduced.
The tapered ends of the tapered connectors 802 are disposed vertically downward, where the tapered connectors 802 are connectors welded into a tapered shape by reinforcing ribs, two tapered connectors 802 are symmetrically disposed at two ends of each connecting plate 801, and two pull wires 3 are correspondingly connected to the two tapered connectors 802. For the second connecting portion 13 including a connecting frame body 1302, the connecting frame body 1302 is a square or cuboid box body, the side wall of the connecting frame body 1302 is provided with an upward opening, a conical cavity 1303 is formed in the connecting frame body 1302, the large diameter end of the conical cavity 1303 is upward, the small diameter end of the conical cavity 1303 is downward, the conical cavity 1303 is matched with the conical connecting body 802 in shape, the conical connecting body 802 can enter the conical cavity 1303, the top edge of the conical cavity 1303 is tangential to the side wall of the connecting frame with the opening, the opening of the side wall is communicated with the conical cavity 1303 to form a conical cavity 1303 with an opening gap 1301 on the circumferential side wall, when the lifting rod 102 descends to the lowest position, the conical connecting body 802 enters the conical cavity 1303 in the connecting frame body 1302, and a pull wire 3 passes through the opening gap 1301.
In this embodiment, the connection frame body 1302 has a cover plate 1305 curled upward, the cover plate 1305 is hinged to a side wall of the connection frame body 1302, the side wall is symmetrical to the side wall where the opening is located, the curled portion of the cover plate 1305 is tangential to the side wall where the connection frame body 1302 has the opening, an elastic member 1304 is connected between the cover plate 1305 and the connection frame body 1302, and the elastic member 1304 can pull the cover plate 1305 to a position tangential to the side wall of the connection frame body 1302 where the opening is located. When the conical connector 802 descends to the connection frame 1302 along with the lifting rod 102, as shown in fig. 7-8, the tip of the conical connector 802 is inserted into the tangential position between the cover plate 1305 and the connection frame 1302, the cover plate 1305 is continuously pressed to be opened in the continuous inserting process, after the conical connector 802 enters the conical cavity 1303, the cover plate 1305 is tangential to the connection frame 1302 again under the action of the elastic element 1304, at this time, the pull wire 3 passes through the opening 1301 of the connection frame 1302, at this time, the pull wire 3 is tensioned, and the stability of the lifting rod 102 and the lower tower 101 is simultaneously enhanced by the pull wire 3; when the lifting rod 102 is lifted to lift the tapered connector 802, the tapered connector 802 forces the cover plate 1305 to open, so that the tapered connector 802 is separated from the tapered cavity 1303, and the cover plate 1305 returns to the initial position under the action of the elastic element 1304.
Further, the lowest position of the conical cavity 1303 is lower than the lowest position of the opening, and the pull wire 3 is positioned at the position of the conical connector 802 near the median plane of the conical connector 802, so that when the pull wire 3 is pulled, the conical connector 802 is blocked in the conical cavity 1303, and the connection between the conical connector 802 and the connection frame 1302 is realized, and then the pull wire 3 can pull the lifting rod 102 and the lower tower 101 together, so that the stability of the whole tower 1 is enhanced.
Further, in one embodiment, the elastic member 1304 is a tension spring 1202 or a torsion spring, and the tension spring 1202 and the torsion spring are simple in structure, easy to install and have initial pretension to automatically return the cover 1305, so that the cover 1305 abuts against the side wall of the connection frame 1302.
Further, for the structure of the mounting seat 4, the mounting seat 4 is specifically a hollow structure with closed upper and lower ends, the mounting seat and the mounting cylinder 5 can be welded, the inner surface of the upper end surface and the inner surface of the lower end surface of the mounting seat 4 are respectively provided with a first sliding rail 1201, the mounting seat 4 is further provided with a middle sliding rail 1205 between the two sliding rails, the middle sliding rail 1205 is indirectly mounted on the mounting seat 4 through a mounting rod, the mounting rod is horizontally arranged, the middle sliding rail 1205 is fixed on the mounting rod, two groups of locking grooves 10 and two groups of passing holes 11 are symmetrically arranged, the locking assemblies 12 are also arranged, three groups of locking grooves 10 and three groups of passing holes 11 are respectively arranged, the three passing holes 11 are respectively arranged at intervals along the length direction of the mounting cylinder 5, the locking grooves 10 at the uppermost end and the locking grooves 10 at the lowermost end are spherical grooves, the middle locking grooves 10 are square grooves, and the two groups of locking assemblies 12 are correspondingly inserted into the two groups of locking grooves 10 and the passing holes 11.
Specifically, the first lock block 1207, the intermediate lock block 1204, and the two link assemblies 1206 are included for each set of lock assemblies 12 described above. Two first locking blocks 1207 are provided, and the two first locking blocks 1207 are correspondingly slidably disposed on the first sliding rail 1201; the first locking piece 1207 and the middle locking piece 1204 are of cuboid structures, the right end face of the first locking piece 1207 is connected with the mounting seat 4 through a spring 1202, the middle locking piece 1204 is slidably arranged on the middle sliding rail 1205, the left end faces of the first locking piece 1207 and the middle locking piece 1204 are arc faces, on one hand, the arc faces play a role in limiting locking, on the other hand, when the arc faces of the arc faces are convenient for lifting of the lifting rod 102, under the action of external force in the upper and lower directions, the first locking piece 1207 can be separated from the locking groove 10, the lifting rod 102 is released, and the lifting rod 102 can be lifted. The two first locking blocks 1207 are respectively connected with a spring 1202, and when the locking groove 10 is aligned with the through hole 11, the first locking block 1207 can press the first locking block 1207 into the locking groove 10 under the action of elastic force, and the middle locking block 1204 can press the first locking block 1207 into the locking groove 10 under the action of linkage of the connecting rod assembly 1206, so that the arrangement of elastic elements 1304 of the middle locking block 1204 can be saved, and the upper and lower first locking blocks 1207 are provided with elastic elements 1304, so as to ensure the pressure of the first locking block 1207 pressed into the locking groove 10, thereby ensuring the reliability of locking. The middle locking block 1204 can extend into the locking groove 10 by means of the first locking block 1207 and two connecting rod assemblies 1206, the two connecting rod assemblies 1206 have the same structure, and the two connecting rod assemblies 1206 are correspondingly connected between each first locking block 1207 and the middle locking block 1204.
When the lifting rod 102 is mounted on the mounting seat 4, the lower end of the lifting rod 102 is inserted into the mounting cylinder 5 from top to bottom, (at this time, the locking groove 10 of the lifting rod 102 is not aligned with the through hole 11 of the mounting cylinder 5), the lifting rod 102 presses the upper first locking block 1207, the first locking block 1207 is linked through the connecting rod assembly 1206 to drive the middle locking block 1204 to move away from the mounting cylinder 5, the lower first locking block 1207 is driven to move away from the mounting cylinder 5 by the other connecting rod assembly 1206, the lifting rod 102 smoothly passes through the mounting cylinder 5, when the locking groove 10 of the lifting rod 102 is aligned with the through hole 11 of the mounting cylinder 5, the upper and lower first locking blocks 1207 are pressed into the locking groove 10 under the action of the elasticity of the spring 1202, the middle locking block 1204 is also pressed into the locking groove 10 under the action of the connecting rod assembly 1206, at this time, the lifting rod 102 is lifted to the highest position relative to the lower tower 101, and the lifting rod 102 is also locked, and the stability of the lifting rod 102 is improved.
When the lifting rod 102 descends, the power unit 9 drives the lifting rod 102 to descend, under the action of a large external force, the first locking block 1207 and the middle locking block 1204 of the arc-shaped surface structure are forcedly separated from the locking groove 10 of the lifting rod 102, the spring 1202 is compressed, when the lifting rod 102 descends to the lowest position, the structure at the top end of the lifting rod 102 cannot pass through the mounting cylinder 5, meanwhile, the power unit 9 also has certain locking and limiting effects on the lifting rod 102, so that the lifting rod 102 is fixed, and the lifting process of the lifting rod 102 is the same as the operation of the lifting rod 102 during mounting, and is not described in detail herein.
Further, the linkage assembly 1206 described above includes a first linkage 1206b and a second linkage 1206a. The first link 1206b is hinged to the mounting base 4 near its center, where the hinge to the mounting base 4 is achieved by a connecting rod 1203 fixed to the mounting base 4, one end of the specific connecting rod 1203 is fixed to the mounting base 4, the other end abuts against the mounting cylinder 5, and the first link 1206b is hinged to the connecting rod 1203 near its center. The second link 1206a is hinged to the mounting base 4 near its center, and the hinge is also realized by a connecting rod 1203 fixed to the mounting base 4, where the connecting rod 1203 is fixed in the same manner as the connecting rod 1203 described above. And one end of the first link 1206b is hinged to one end of the second link 1206a, the other end of the first link 1206b is hinged to the first locking block 1207, and the other end of the second link 1206a is hinged to the intermediate locking block 1204.
When the first locking block 1207 moves leftwards, the first locking block 1207 pulls one end of the first link 1206b to rotate leftwards, the other end of the first link 1206b rotates rightwards, at the same time, the second link 1206a hinged with the first link 1206b also rotates rightwards at the end hinged with the first link 1206b, and then the second link 1206a moves leftwards (at this time, is in a locking state) at the end hinged with the middle locking block 1204, and vice versa is in a releasing state of the locking block. The first locking block 1207 and the middle locking block 1204 tend to move in unison, thereby locking and releasing the lifting rod 102. And the linkage action of the link mechanism drives the middle locking block 1204 to move, so that the lifting rod 102 is convenient to initially install. Because, during initial installation, the bottom end of the lifting rod 102 is initially inserted into the installation cylinder 5, the lifting rod 102 will initially press the first locking block 1207 above, at this time, the linkage action between the first locking block 1207 and the middle locking block 1204 will promote the other first locking block 1207 and the middle locking block 1204, so that the lifting rod 102 can pass through the installation cylinder 5 unimpeded, and the installation of the lifting rod 102 is quickened.
Further, a cross-shaped clamping block 103 is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the lifting rod 102, a cross-shaped clamping groove 6 is formed in the upper surface of the mounting seat 4, the length of the cross-shaped clamping block 103 along the length direction of the lifting rod 102 is equal to the thickness of the cross-shaped clamping block 103, when the lifting rod 102 descends to the lowest position, the cross-shaped clamping block 103 can be inserted into the cross-shaped clamping groove 6, and the matching surface between the cross-shaped clamping block 103 and the cross-shaped guide is in butt joint, so that the cross-shaped clamping block 103 of the lifting rod 102 just slides in the cross-shaped clamping groove 6. The cross clamping groove 6 and the cross clamping block 103 can increase the stability of the lifting rod 102, and the problem that the lifting rod 102 shakes due to a gap between the lifting rod and the mounting cylinder 5 during lifting is avoided.
In one embodiment, the power unit 9 includes a first fixed pulley 902, a second fixed pulley 901, a movable pulley 903, a wire roller 905, a motor, and a winding wire 904. The first fixed pulley 902 and the second fixed pulley 901 are symmetrically arranged at the top end of the lower tower 101; the movable pulley 903 is fixed to the bottom end of the lifting rod 102 by a bracket, where the bracket may be mounted on the lifting rod 102 by bolting, and the movable pulley 903 is mounted on site after the lifting rod 102 passes through the mounting cylinder 5. One end of a winding wire 904 is fixed on the first fixed pulley 902, the other end sequentially bypasses the movable pulley 903 and the second fixed pulley 901 to be connected with a wire roller 905, the winding wire 904 adopts a steel wire rope, an output shaft of a motor is coaxially connected with a rotating shaft of the wire roller 905, and the motor drives the wire roller 905 to rotate positively and negatively, so that the movable pulley 903 and the lifting rod 102 are driven to lift. The motor and the wire roller 905 in this embodiment are preferably disposed on the lower tower 101, and the motor and the wire roller 905 are mainly disposed at about 10120 meters of the lower tower, so that they do not interfere with human beings or affect use, and in addition, an external protective shell can be disposed on the lower tower 101 for the motor and the wire roller 905 to prevent wind and rain from entering and protect the motor and the wire roller 905.
A method for realizing the advanced yaw of a wind driven generator by detecting the wind direction of a wind field by using a wind measuring tower comprises the following steps:
a. Wind towers are arranged in multiple directions around the wind field of the wind driven generator, for example, four directions or eight directions around the wind field, even more directions and the like, and the height, the number and the distance of the wind towers are determined according to the on-site topography and the main stream wind direction information of local wind.
B. According to the height of the wind measuring tower in the step a, the height ratio of the lower tower 101 to the lifting rod 102 is determined, wherein the ratio of the lower tower 101 to the lifting rod 102 is not less than 7:3, and in the embodiment, the preferable ratio is 7:3.
C. According to the ground height of the position of each wind measuring tower, the lifting height of the lifting rod 102 on each wind measuring tower relative to the lower tower 101 is adjusted, so that the highest heights of a plurality of wind measuring towers are the same, the wind direction and wind speed information of a wind field can be monitored by the wind measuring towers at the same time, and the yaw of the wind driven generator can not be guided better due to data inconsistency caused by inconsistent wind measuring tower heights in monitoring is reduced.
D. the anemoscope 7 on each anemometer tower respectively sends signals to each wind driven generator, each wind driven generator carries out analog-digital conversion and comparison on the signals sent by each anemometer tower, the maximum value is found, and each generator adjusts the deflection angle of the rotor in advance according to the judged maximum value. Because the maximum value sent by each anemometer tower is the main wind direction of wind, each wind driven generator can adjust the rotor deflection angle in advance according to the maximum value.
Through setting up the anemometer tower in a plurality of directions of aerogenerator's wind field periphery, the anemometer tower can just monitor the wind signal at the remote distance to give each aerogenerator with this signal transmission, like this aerogenerator has enough time to adjust its rotor angle, makes its blade furthest to windward side rotation, more efficient utilization wind energy, improves the utilization ratio of wind energy.
The above embodiments are not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, and any alternatives or modifications to the embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art and fall within the scope of the invention.
The present invention is not described in detail in the present application, and is well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. Wind tower, including the pylon, be equipped with a plurality of anemorumboids on the pylon, its characterized in that, the pylon includes:
The top of the lower tower is horizontally provided with a mounting seat, the mounting seat is provided with a mounting hole which is arranged up and down, a mounting cylinder is fixed in the mounting hole and provided with a radial through hole, the mounting cylinder is vertical to the mounting seat and extends along the lower part of the mounting seat, and a locking assembly is arranged in the mounting seat;
The outer diameter of the lifting rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting cylinder, the lifting rod is arranged in the mounting cylinder of the lower tower in a sliding mode, a locking groove is formed in the position, close to the bottom end of the lifting rod, and the through hole in the mounting cylinder can be aligned with the locking groove so that the locking assembly can be conveniently inserted into the locking groove;
The power unit is connected between the lower tower and the lifting rod and used for driving the lifting rod to slide in the mounting cylinder of the mounting seat;
The first connecting part is arranged at a position of the lifting rod close to the top end of the lifting rod;
The second connecting part is arranged at the top end of the lower tower, and the first connecting part is connected with the second connecting part when the lifting rod is lowered to the lowest position;
the wire pulling devices are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the lifting rod, one end of each wire pulling device is connected with the first connecting part, and the other end of each wire pulling device is connected with a wire roller arranged on the ground;
the first connection portion includes: the connecting plates are vertically arranged at the position, close to the top end of the lifting rod, and the stay wires are symmetrically arranged on the connecting plates;
The two toper connectors, the toper end of toper connector sets up vertically downwards, two the toper connector symmetry set up in each the both ends of connecting plate, guy wire correspond set up in two the toper connector, second connecting portion includes:
The connecting frame body is in a box shape, the side wall of the connecting frame body is provided with an opening with an upward opening, a conical cavity is arranged in the connecting frame body, the opening of the conical cavity is upward and the top edge of the conical cavity is tangent to the side wall of the connecting frame body with the opening, the opening is communicated with the conical cavity to form the conical cavity with an opening on the circumferential side wall, the connecting frame body is provided with an upward curled cover plate, the cover plate is hinged to the side wall of the connecting frame body, the side wall is symmetrical with the side wall where the opening is located, an elastic piece is connected between the cover plate and the connecting frame body, and the elastic piece can pull the cover plate to a position tangent to the side wall where the connecting frame body where the opening is located.
2. A anemometer tower according to claim 1, wherein the lowest position of the conical cavity is lower than the lowest position of the opening.
3. A wind tower according to claim 1, wherein the resilient member is an extension spring or torsion spring.
4. The wind measuring tower according to claim 1, wherein the mounting base is of a hollow structure with closed upper and lower ends, the inner surfaces of the upper end face and the lower end face of the mounting base are respectively provided with a first sliding rail, the mounting base is positioned between the two sliding rails and is further provided with an intermediate sliding rail, the locking grooves and the through holes are respectively provided with two groups, the locking assemblies are respectively provided with two groups, the locking grooves and the through holes are respectively provided with three groups, the locking assemblies are correspondingly inserted into the two groups of locking grooves and the through holes, and each group of locking assemblies comprises:
the two first locking blocks are correspondingly arranged on the first sliding rail in a sliding manner; each first locking block is connected with the mounting seat through a spring;
The middle locking block is arranged on the middle sliding rail in a sliding way, and the end faces of the first locking block and the middle locking block, which are close to the mounting cylinder, are arc-shaped surfaces;
the structure of the two connecting rod assemblies is the same, and the two connecting rod assemblies are correspondingly connected between the first locking blocks and the middle locking blocks.
5. The anemometer tower of claim 4, wherein each of the link assemblies comprises:
The device comprises a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, wherein one end of the first connecting rod is hinged with one end of the second connecting rod, the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the first locking block, the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged with the middle locking block, and the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are respectively hinged with the mounting seat at positions close to the respective centers of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod.
6. The wind measuring tower according to claim 1, wherein the circumferential side wall of the lifting rod is provided with a cross-shaped clamping block, the upper surface of the mounting seat is provided with a cross-shaped clamping groove, and the cross-shaped clamping block of the lifting rod can be inserted into the cross-shaped clamping groove.
7. A anemometer tower according to claim 1, wherein the power unit comprises:
the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley are symmetrically arranged at the top end of the lower tower;
the movable pulley is arranged at the bottom end of the lifting rod;
The wire roller and the motor are arranged on the lower tower;
And one end of the winding wire is connected with the first fixed pulley, and the other end of the winding wire bypasses the movable pulley and the second fixed pulley to be connected with the wire roller.
8. A method for realizing advanced yaw of a wind driven generator by using the wind measuring tower to detect the wind direction of a wind field according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps:
a. Setting wind towers in a plurality of directions on the periphery of a wind field of a wind driven generator, and determining the height, the number and the distance of the wind towers according to the on-site topography and the main current wind direction information of local wind;
b. Determining the height ratio of the lower tower to the lifting rod according to the height of the wind measuring tower in the step a, wherein the ratio of the lower tower to the lifting rod is not less than 7:3;
c. according to the ground height of the position of each wind measuring tower, the lifting height of the lifting rod of each wind measuring tower relative to the lifting height of the lower tower is adjusted, so that the highest heights of a plurality of wind measuring towers are the same;
d. The wind speed and direction instruments on each wind measuring tower respectively send signals to each wind driven generator, each wind driven generator carries out analog-digital conversion on the signals sent by each wind measuring tower and compares the signals to find the maximum value, and each generator adjusts the deflection angle of the rotor in advance according to the maximum value judged by the generator.
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| CN202210041265.0A CN114578086B (en) | 2022-01-14 | 2022-01-14 | Wind measuring tower and method for realizing advanced yaw of wind driven generator by using wind measuring tower |
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| CN114578086A (en) | 2022-06-03 |
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