DE102010010208A1 - Wind power machine for use in wind power plant for generating wind energy, has device for converting flow energy of wind into usable energy, where device has rotor, where rotor rotational axis is aligned parallel to rotational axis - Google Patents

Abstract

The wind power machine has a device for converting flow energy of the wind into usable energy. The device has a rotor, where the rotor rotational axis is aligned parallel to a rotational axis. The wheel body, particularly on the inner side, has adjusting units to provide the adjustment of the rotor blades (9). Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a wind power plant with stabilizing rods; and (2) a method for generating usable energy from the flow energy of the wind using a wind power machine.

Description

The invention relates to a wind power machine with a device for converting wind energy flow into usable energy, which comprises a rotor and a consumption point connected to the rotor, which rotor comprises a wheel body rotatable about a rotor axis with a hub and a plurality of rotor blades on which wheel body Rotor blades are pivotally coupled, the wheel body has on its hub coupled struts, the rotor blades are rotatably mounted at one ends of the struts about axes of rotation, the rotor blades are connected to the struts unmittig rotatably to form short rotor blade legs and long rotor blade legs and a method for generating usable Energy from wind wind power using wind turbine.

Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy or flow energy of the wind into special forms of energy, such as electrical energy. The wind power machines include a windmill or a rotor with surfaces attached to a shaft and shaped and aligned, vanes, blades, or the like, for rotation by the air flowing through the windmill. Both horizontal and vertical rotating windmills of wind power machines are known in the prior art. In the horizontal axis rotors of a conventional wind turbine, the propellers are adjusted against the wind and a blade pitch at any time adapted to the wind speed to storm safety. In addition to the conventional horizontal axis rotors, vertical axis rotors are also known in the prior art.

In the case of using vertical axis rotors for wind power engines, the rotor can be designed with a rotor shaft perpendicular and coupled so-called Darrieus rotors and / or Savonius rotors to the rotor shaft. These vertical axis rotors are characterized by the advantage that they are not aligned in a particular wind direction. However, these are not controllable and can not start by itself. The independence of the vertical axis rotors from the wind direction eliminates the costly tracking of the rotor shafts of the vertical axis rotors for the purpose of aligning the rotor shaft along the wind direction in contrast to horizontal axis rotors.

From a purely mathematical point of view, the estimated potential of free wind energy, which is available day and night, far exceeds the current energy requirements worldwide. However, this theoretical potential can not be implemented in practice or only partially. There are various wind turbines for power generation in use. For example, the above-mentioned Darrieus rotors with vertical rotor axis or with horizontal rotor axis Western Dutchman or propeller rotors. In these conventional propeller wind turbines used the rotor axis is horizontal, which are housed by three-bladed rotor blades via a generator for generating electricity in a wind direction-tracking nacelle at the upper end of the tower. So that the predetermined rotor revolution / minute can be controlled constantly, the rotor blade angle of attack is adjusted as a function of the wind speed, for example automatically. If the wind speed is too high, the rotor must be additionally braked in order to protect the pre-overload. If necessary, the rotor blades must be set to a standstill. The power generation is always the same for these wind turbines by the power of the generator and the designated revolution / minute of the rotor. Thus, only a part of the currently prevailing wind strength or wind pressure can be converted into electrical energy in these wind power systems. Only by a variety of wind turbines of this type, it is possible to increase the increase by wind power until today.

Object of the present invention should be to provide a wind turbine and a wind turbine, which is able to exploit the wind power of wind force 2 to 10 and convert it into electrical energy.

The object of the invention should also be to provide a wind turbine and wind turbine, which can drive several generators for generating electrical energy and power depending on the wind force.

Likewise, the wind turbine to be provided also low wind pressure, as well as increased, for example, wind strength between 2 to 10, can convert with high efficiency into electrical energy.

The tasks are solved by the main claim and the secondary claim. The subclaims relate to preferred embodiments and further developments of the invention.

The invention relates to a wind power machine with a device for converting the flow energy of the wind into usable energy, which comprises:
a rotor and a consumption point connected to the rotor, which rotor comprises a rotor shaft rotatable about a rotor axis of rotation and a wheel body coupled to the rotor shaft, which preferably has a hub, which can preferably be coupled to the rotor shaft, with a plurality of rotor blades; on which wheel body the rotor blades are pivotably coupled, the wheel body has struts which are coupled with their other ends to the hub,
the rotor blades are rotatably mounted at one end of the struts about axes of rotation, the rotor blades are rotatably connected to the struts in such a way that short rotor blade legs and long rotor blade legs are formed,
which is characterized in that the rotor axis of rotation is aligned parallel to the axes of rotation, the wheel body, preferably on the inside, adjusting means for providing adjustments of the rotor blades, the adjusting means, preferably arcuately arranged around the axes of rotation of the rotor blades, turnstiles, which for striking the long Rotorarmschenkel the rotor blades are suitable to have.

Another object of the invention relates to a wind turbine for generating wind energy with at least two wind power machines, which cooperate wind power machines via a common rotor shaft.

Another object of the invention relates to a method for generating usable energy from wind energy of the wind using a wind turbine, which has a rotor and a connected to the rotor point of consumption, which rotor has a rotatable about a rotor axis wheel body, which hub and / or a Rotor rotor includes, and a plurality of rotor blades comprises, on which wheel body, the rotor blades are pivoted about axes of rotation DD, the rotor blades are connected to form the short center of the rotor blade leg and long rotor blade leg rotatably on the wheel body, the rotor axis of rotation is aligned parallel to the axes of rotation DD, the wheel body, preferably arranged on the inside, adjusting means for providing adjustments of the rotor blades, wherein the adjusting means arcuately arranged about the axes of rotation DD of the rotor blades turnstiles, which for striking the long rotor arm legs of the rotor blades are suitable, by the turnstiles, the adjustments of the rotor blades, z. As in wind vane positions and / or feathered positions of the rotor blades, can be struck the long rotor arm of the rotor blades against the switched coupling position turnstile in feathering succession, the long Rotorarmschenkel the rotor blades of the feathered position in the wind vane position by the circuit of the turnstiles can be released from the coupling position in the rest position.

The wind power engine according to the invention comprises a rotor and a switchable to the rotor consumption point. The invention is based, that the wind turbine according to the invention comprises a rotatable rotor on which the rotor blades are pivotally mounted about axes of rotation, the rotor axis and the axes of rotation DD of the rotor blades parallel to each other and can extend substantially perpendicular or perpendicular, the adjustments of the rotor blades by means of adjusting over Turnstiles of adjusters can be done, the turnstiles are able to effect the adjustments of the rotor blades in the feathered positions and the wind vane positions, aligned at wind vane positions, the rotor blades parallel to the wind direction, at feathering the rotor blades may face the wind direction with their wind attack surfaces, the turnstiles from the rotor blades bring the feathering out into the wind vane position by turning the wheel body and by applying the rotor blades with a force. The rotation of the wheel body about the rotor axis of rotation, z. B. via a linkage or an electronic control device, the circuit of the turnstiles of the adjustment in the rest position without striking the rotor blades and in the coupling position for striking the rotor blades are controlled, for. B. electrically or mechanically, by the control device.

For the purposes of the invention is also understood by consumption point, a generator for generating electrical energy by conversion of flow energy, for. As three-phase asynchronous or synchronous generators, compressors, which can promote liquid and / or gaseous media and / or compress, and the like by means of mechanical energy.

For the purposes of the invention, usable energy is understood to mean any type of energy, such as mechanical, electrical and / or thermal energy.

Within the meaning of the invention, wind energy is also understood to mean the useful energy, such as electrical energy, converted from the air movement.

The rotor has a rotatable about a rotor axis of rotation wheel body, which z. B. has a centrally located hub and on the hub radially oriented struts. The hub may be fixed or rotatably connected to the rotor shaft or coupled to this, as required, be. Also, in a further embodiment of the wind power machine according to the invention, the struts can be firmly connected without hub with the rotor shaft. To stabilize the position of the struts, the one ends of the struts, which are opposite to the hub or the rotor shaft, connected to trusses. The trusses can be aligned in plan view around the hub circular. At the one ends of the struts can Rotor blades are rotatably mounted. The other ends of the struts may be coupled to the hub or rotor shaft.

In a further embodiment of the wind power machine according to the invention, the rotor blades in plan view at the one ends of the struts rotatable, but are coupled ungmittig, so that the rotor blades are formed with long rotor blade legs with large windage surface and short rotor blade legs with low windage surface. In a particular embodiment of the wind power machine according to the invention, the length of the long rotor blade leg corresponds to twice or 1.5 times the length of the short rotor blade leg, to increase the torque. For the purposes of the invention, the length of the rotor blade leg also means the distance between the axis of rotation DD of the rotor blade and the tip of the rotor blade facing away from the axis of rotation DD or the shaft of the rotor blade.

For the purposes of the invention, rotor blade legs are also understood as meaning the region of the rotor blade from the axis of rotation DD of the rotor blade to the tip of the rotor blade facing away from the axis of rotation DD.

In a particular embodiment of the wind power machine according to the invention, the rotor shaft of the wheel body can be aligned with its rotor axis of rotation perpendicular to the wind direction and / or aligned vertically. Due to the rotational movement of the wheel body with the rotor shaft about the rotor axis of rotation describe the rotor blades with their axes of rotation a circular path around the rotor axis of rotation.

Adjusting means for providing the adjustments of the rotor blades can be arranged in the interior space of the wheel body bounded by the crossbars and the struts. The adjusting devices can be configured with turnstiles arranged in an arc around the rotor axis of rotation of the rotor blades. The turnstiles serve to strike the rotor blades or the long rotor blade legs of the rotor blades and to release them in dependence on the rotational position of the wheel body to the wind direction. In one embodiment, the rotor axis of rotation is aligned parallel to the axes of rotation of the rotor blades. The direction of rotation of the rotor preferably runs in the opposite direction of the direction of rotation of the rotor blades.

For the purposes of the invention are under adjustments of the rotor blades also understood the feathered positions of the rotor blades, so that the rotor blades are facing with their wind attack surface of the wind direction to be acted upon by wind pressure or force. The rotor blades with their wind attack surfaces can be aligned transversely, obliquely to the wind direction in plan view. The wind attack surface of the rotor blades and that of the rotor blade legs may be oriented at right angles or at an angle less than 90 ° to the wind direction. Wind energy is the mostly electrical energy converted from the air movement.

Under windward side is understood in the context of the invention, the wind-facing side, so the wind attack surface.

Likewise, under adjustments for the purposes of the invention understood z. B. the feathered positions and wind vane positions of the rotor blades; in Windfahnenstellungen the rotor blades in the plan view or their wind attack surfaces and the wind attack surfaces opposite wind-facing surfaces of the rotor blades are aligned substantially parallel to the wind direction.

For the purposes of the invention, operation is also understood as being acted upon or acted upon by wind or wind pressure on the wind power machine according to the invention, so that the rotor is able to turn around its rotor axis as a result. Wind pressure is also the physical pressure exerted by the flowing air on the wind attack surface of the rotor blade.

The adjustment device has turnstiles, which are preferably arranged in an arcuate manner about the axes of rotation or the waves of the rotor blades. In one embodiment of the wind power machine according to the invention, the adjustment direction has a turnstile, as a so-called fixed turnstile, which remains in the coupling position, which turnstile is remote with respect to the direction of rotation of the long rotor blade legs.

Under coupling position is understood in the context of the invention also, the position of the turnstile, in which the rotor blade strikes against the turnstile with its tip or its end of its long Rotorarmschenkels, which tip or end of the axis of rotation of the rotor blade is remote. The other turnstiles can be in the coupling position or in the rest position depending on the rotational position of the wheel body or rotor.

In coupling position, the turnstile, which faces, for example, in the direction of rotation of the rotor blade, extended for striking the long rotor blade leg against the rotary barrier in the direction of the axis of rotation or the shaft of the rotor blade. At rest, the turnstile, which faces, for example, in the direction of the direction of rotation of the rotor blade, retracted for releasing the battered against her long rotor blade leg in the direction of the axis of rotation or the rotor shaft of the rotor. The turnstile can be switched depending on the rotational position of the wheel body or rotor to the wind direction of the coupling position in the rest position and vice versa.

Under rest position is understood in the context of the invention, the retraction of the turnstile in the direction of the rotor axis, so that the posted to the turnstile long rotor blade leg is released and can pivot in the direction of the retracted turnstile adjacent turnstile by applying force.

Another object of the invention relates to a method for generating usable energy from wind flow energy using a wind power machine having a rotor and a consumption point connected to the rotor, which rotor comprises a rotor body rotatable about a rotor axis with a hub and a plurality of rotor blades, at which wheel body, the rotor blades are pivotally coupled about axes of rotation DD, the rotor blades are rotatably connected to the center of the wheel to form short rotor blade legs and long rotor blade legs, the rotor axis of rotation is aligned parallel to the axes of rotation DD, the wheel center, preferably arranged on the inside, adjusting to provide Adjustments of the rotor blades, wherein the adjusting means arcuately arranged around the axes of rotation DD of the rotor blades arranged turnstiles, which are suitable for abutment of the long rotor arm legs of the rotor blades the turnstiles the adjustments of the rotor blades in wind vane positions and feathering positions of the rotor blades are effected, the long Rotorarmschenkel the rotor blades are struck one after another against the switched in coupling position turnstile in feathered position, the long Rotorarmschenkel the rotor blades of the feathered position in the wind vane position by switching the turnstile of the Coupling position are released to the rest position.

In the method according to the invention, the turnstile facing away from the direction of rotation of the wheel body preferably remains as a so-called fixed turnstile in the coupling position; the turnstiles switched in coupling position can be switched one after the other when passing through the feathered positions A to D in the rest position. The switched in rest position turnstiles can together in the coupling position after the transition from the feathered position D in the wind vane position E of the long rotor arm leg 1H the rotor blades 1D be switched.

The wind power plant according to the invention for generating wind energy can cooperate with at least two wind power machines, which can be arranged one above the other, via a common rotor shaft, which can be held with stabilizing masts and stabilizing booms and configured with a wind power rotor deck as a helicopter landing pad

Due to the rotation of the wheel body about the rotor axis of rotation, the rotor blade can increasingly move from the wind vane position to the feathered position. The turnstiles of the adjustment direction are driven by a control device such that as possible the wind attack surface of the long rotor blade leg and the short rotor blade leg are aligned in the position transverse to the wind direction by successively pass the turnstiles from the coupling position to the rest position during rotation of the rotor. In feathering operation, the long rotor blade legs of the rotor blade are successively strike against the turnstiles of the adjusters; at the transition from the wind vane position in the feathered position or after reaching the wind vane position of the rotor blade is at least the turnstile, which faces the direction of rotation of the rotor blade, are switched in coupling position, so that in the transition from the wind vane position in the feathered position of the long rotor blade leg against the Turnstile can strike.

The other turnstiles are switched to the coupling position at the transition from the wind vane position to the feathered position or after reaching the wind vane position of the rotor blade. The other turnstiles of the adjustment direction, in particular time-dependent and / or wind direction-dependent, during the rotation of the rotor driven in feathered position, that as far as the wind attack surface of the rotor blade is aligned transversely to the wind direction. In order to achieve as possible the transverse orientation to the wind direction, the turnstiles are driven one after the other from the coupling position to the rest position, so that successively the long rotor blade legs can strike against the turnstiles and can be released from these by their retraction into the rest position. Under sail positions A to D are also understood in the context of the invention, the different orientations of the wind attack surface of the rotor blade or its rotor blade leg to the wind direction. In feathered positions A to D, the rotor blade is in a windward position Z. When striking the long rotor blade leg to the fixed turnstile, it remains in this position until it can pivot in the wind vane position or almost in this due to the rotation of the wheel body. In the transition from the feather position to the wind vane positions, the rotor blade with its long rotor blade leg, which is still struck against the fixed turnstile, experienced by the rotation of the rotor and by the force applied by wind pressure application to its leeward surface an angular momentum and can swing in wind vane position. In Windfahnenstellung the rotor blade is in a leeward position X.

In the sense of the invention, the term wind vane position or position X which is averted from the wind also means a position of the rotor blades which is largely unaffected by wind pressure. Under sail position or windward position Z is understood in the context of the invention, also positions of the rotor blades, which are largely acted upon by wind pressure. Under one revolution of the wheel body or rotor is understood in the context of the invention also the single passage through the sail positions A to D and the wind vane positions E and F. It is found that the wind power machine according to the invention by the continuous passing through the rotor blades of the sail positions and wind vane positions in the wheel center can achieve high efficiency with high yield of wind energy.

In order to avoid an overload of the wind power machine according to the invention at excessive wind pressure, it is also possible to design the rotor with a Storm Böenlastlastungsschutz. Thus, the turnstiles can be controlled such that they are switched in the rest position by the control device to drive the rotor blade in Windfahnenstellung. Also, the long rotor blade leg may be divided into two parts in a further embodiment, wherein both parts of the long rotor blade leg are held by Federkraftbeaufschlagung in a stop position for abutment against the turnstiles. In case of overload, the spring force is overcome and pivoted to the tip facing part of the rotor blade leg, so that no striking of the long rotor blade leg can be made against the turnstile. Also, the turnstile can be extended with a Federkraftbeaufschlagt in the coupling position, so that when overloaded the turnstiles with a spring force applied higher force can be moved to the rest position.

In a further embodiment, the rotor shaft is indirectly or directly coupled to a point of consumption. Indirect coupling in the context of the invention also means the interposition of a transmission between the point of consumption and the rotor shaft. In the case of direct coupling is understood in the context of the invention also the direct adhesion between the point of consumption and the rotor shaft without gear. In a further embodiment of the invention, the wind power machine according to the invention can be connected with its rotor shaft to a generator or a compressor. The generator is used to generate electrical energy. The compressor may compress air for electrical power generation via a turbine or may serve to supply the primary air in steam generation in gas power plants. It is also possible that the wind power machine according to the invention can be connected to an electric motor which stores the electrical energy generated by it by means of batteries, which can supply, for example, for starting the wind power machine according to the invention.

In a further embodiment, the turnstiles and / or the transmission can be controlled by a control device. The control device can control the turnstiles and their positions and, for example, the turnstiles in the coupling position or in the after a time program and / or in accordance with supplied measured values for the wind speed, wind direction, wind pressure per surface, rotational speed of the wheel body and / or rotational speed of the rotor blades Retract rest position.

The wind turbine according to the invention can be arranged in a tower, wherein the wind power machines are coupled one above the other with a common rotor shaft. It is possible that the rotors can also be arranged in opposite directions. In one embodiment, the generators and / or the compressor are located in the lower area of the tower in a nacelle. Likewise, the arrangement of the wind turbines according to the invention is suitable on the high seas, since the wind turbine according to the invention is low maintenance and do not require the complex Windrichtungsnachführung.

Advantages of the wind power machine according to the invention and wind turbines are, for example:
Each addition of a wind turbine replaces a freestanding conventional tower wind turbine. During inspections or failure of a generator unit, the rest of the generators can be reprogrammed without "loss of earnings". Only for the foundations at sea, floating cranes are needed. Large wind-dependent special heavy lift cranes and construction vessels are replaced by "small" cranes, which are independent of wind and waves, and grow along with the stabilizer pylons. The easily accessible engine house is positioned below the raised wind power rotors, at sea above the wave area, on a platform between the stabilizing masts "fixed",
low maintenance due to lack of wind tracking equipment, rotor blades with Windanstellwinkelverstellung,
the connectivity of generators for generating electrical energy with different power outputs and recordings,
the yield of electrical energy even at low wind speed,
the stability and torsional rigidity of the wind power plant according to the invention,
the ability to connect generators, compressors and optionally turbines with a wide range of possible uses for the use of wind energy,
the robustness of the wind power machine according to the invention.

The wind power plant according to the invention for generating wind energy comprises at least two wind power machines, which are coupled via a common rotor shaft to a point of consumption. The constant rotor speed / min. is also controlled, for example, by electronic data processing equipment to control the changing, deployment and operation of the different power output generators. Due to the design of the wind power machine according to the invention more than a vertical axis rotor, a wind direction tracking is eliminated.

embodiments

The drawings show in a schematic, greatly enlarged manner, without any claim to a true to scale reproduction, due to a simplified drawing

1 Large wind power engine erectable on land or water with increased wind power rotors,

2 Wind turbine on existing buildings on site,

3 Machine house in top view section AA,

4 Wind turbine rotor drive system,

5 Radrotorblattsperre in the extended state,

6 Radrotorblattsperre in the retracted state,

7 Radrotorblattsperre in the extended state with unlatched pressure adjustable Storm Böen overload protection. The wheel rotor blade becomes a sailing wind vane in case of sudden storm

8th Wind power machine alternatively in the tower,

9 The flexible wheel rotor axle connection of the self-supporting spinned wind turbine rotors,

10 Tower or rotor axis and coupling gearbox to the unequal strength depending on the wind force - from 2 to 10 - usable generators,

11 Wind power machine in plan view in the off state, z. B. wind vane position,

12 Large wind turbine in top view in operation or condition with helipad, stabilizer pylons, stabilizer boom and lift,

The wind power machine according to the invention comprises one about a rotor axis of rotation 2 rotatable wheel body 1B of the rotor 1A , The wheel body 1B includes in plan view on a hub 1C arranged struts 1E that radiate from the hub 1C aligned and coupled with the other ends of this. The hub 1C is firmly connected to a rotor shaft. The one ends of the struts 1E For stabilizing and increasing torsional rigidity, they are equipped with crossbars which connect one end of the struts. In the limited by the trusses interior of the wheel center 1B are adjustment devices 1K arranged. The adjustment devices 1K have by means of control device, which control electromagnetically operating turnstiles or simple mechanically operating turnstiles. The turnstiles 27a . 27b . 27c . 27d are arcuate or approximately quarter-circle or semicircular about the axis of rotation DD of the rotor blades 1D arranged. The turnstiles can be in the coupling position or at rest. The turnstiles are suitable for striking the long rotor arm legs of the rotor blades in feathered position.

The turnstile 27d , the direction of rotation of the rotor blades 1D is averted, is always in coupling position, preferably during operation. Coupling position of the turnstile means that due to coupling position, the rotor blades 1D in the case of pivoting about their axes of rotation DD can strike against the turnstiles. The turnstiles work together with the rotatable wheel body and the rotor blades 1D acting force, such as wind pressure, on the rotor blades 1D , In Windfahnenstellung E, F is the rotor blade 1D in the leeward position X, in order to provide as much resistance to wind pressure as possible. In wind-averted position X is the rotor blade 1D parallel largely parallel to the wind direction 23 , The wind vane positions may essentially comprise two positions E and F. When passing through the feathered position D to the wind vane position E, the rotor blade pivots 1D with its long rotor blade leg 1H from the turnstile 27d towards the turnstile 27a , Which the direction of rotation of the long rotor blade leg faces, until the subsequent striking against the same. After swinging the rotor blade 1D in the wind vane position E or F and / or striking the same against the turnstile 27a the turnstiles are switched to coupling position. In Windfahnenstellung the rotor blades are moved with low air resistance to the wind direction. In the transition from the wind vane position F to the feathered position A by rotation of the wheel body becomes the windage surface 1L of the rotor blade is subjected to a force due to the wind pressure. In the transition from the wind vane position F to the feathered position A, until finally to the feather position D, the turnstiles 27a . 27b . 27c , the series switched from the coupling position to the rest position, so that largely the rotor blades 1D during the rotation of the wheel body with its wind attack surface 1L be subjected due to the wind pressure with sufficient force to generate the rotational movement of the wheel body 1B , In feather position C beats the long rotor blade leg 1H against the direction of rotation of the rotor blade turned away turnstile 27d on which of the turnstile 27a , which faces the direction of rotation of the long rotor blade leg or its rotor blade, opposite. In sail positions A to D, the rotor blade is approximately in windward position Z. The rotation of the rotor blade takes place in the opposite direction to that of the rotor.

The adjustments of the rotor blades 1D include the wind vane positions E, F and the sail positions A, B, C, D of the rotor blades 1D , The turnstiles 27a . 27b . 27c . 27d effect depending on the rotational position of the wheel body 1B the adjustments of the rotor blades 1D about their axes of rotation D during operation. The turnstiles 27a . 27b . 27c are in dependence on the rotational position of the wheel body 1B and the wind direction 23 in coupling position for striking the long rotor arm legs 1H the rotor blades 1D against the turnstiles. The turnstiles 27a . 27b . 27c are in dependence on the rotational position of the wheel body 1B and the wind direction 23 at rest to release the long rotor arm legs 1D , The direction of rotation 24 of the wheel body 1B as a facing viewable turnstile 27d as a fixed turnstile remains in a coupling position for striking the rotor blades 1D against the turnstile 27d , One revolution of the wheel center 1B includes the sail positions from A to D and the wind vane positions from E to F.

The turnstiles 27a . 27b . 27c are in dependence on the rotational position of the wheel body ( 1B ) to the wind direction 23 in coupling position for striking the long rotor arm legs 1H the rotor blades 1D against the turnstiles or at rest to release the long Rotorarmschenkel 1D , The adjustment device 1K includes at least 2, 3 or 4 turnstiles 27a . 27b . 27c . 27d which turnstiles 27a . 27b . 27c be passed in succession from the coupling position to the rest position when passing through the feathered positions A to D. The turnstiles 27a . 27b . 27c are switched to the transition from the feather D in the wind vane E at rest. The turnstiles 27a . 27b . 27c are switched when passing through the wind vane positions E to F from the rest position to the coupling position. The turnstiles 27a . 27b . 27c . 27d and / or the transmission are provided with a control device which, according to the time program and / or stipulations of supplied measured values for the wind speed, the rotational speed of the wheel body 1B and / or the rotational speed of the rotor blades 1D works, and the control device according to the program and / or the measured values the turnstiles 27a . 27b . 27c . 27d switch in coupling positions or rest positions and / or controls the transmission.

In the transition from the feathering position D in the wind vane position E, the rotor blade 1D for pivoting in a leeward position X brought. In the wind vane position F, the rotor blade remains ( 1D ) in the leeward position X. In the transition from the wind vane position F in the feathered position A, the rotor blade 1D brought into a windward position Z by turning the wheel body, so that the long rotor arm leg 1H against the turnstile 27a stops, which of the direction of rotation of the wheel body as facing aqnsehbare turnstile 27d opposite. The turnstiles 27a . 27b . 27c be switched in the transition from the feathered position A on the feathered position B and the feathered position C to the feathered position D from the coupling position to the rest position in order. The turnstiles 27a . 27b . 27c . 27d effect depending on the rotational position of the wheel body 1B to the wind direction and the rotor blades 1D acting force the adjustments of the rotor blades ( 1D ) about their axes of rotation D. In feathered positions A, B, C, D is the rotor blade 1D with its rotor blade surface 1L as a wind attack surface of the wind direction ( 23 ) largely facing -luvseitig arranged. In wind vane positions E, F is the rotor blade 1D with its rotor blade surfaces 1L . 1M the wind direction 23 turned away, aligned parallel to this. The rotor shaft 1N with its rotor axis of rotation 2 is perpendicular to the wind direction 23 alignable and / or vertically alignable. The rotor blades 1D move with their axes of rotation D on a circular path. The wheel body 1B has the one ends 1F the aspiration 1E connecting trusses 1P for stabilizing the wheel center 1B , The rotor 2 is with his around the rotor axis of rotation 2 rotatable rotor shaft 1N connected to the point of consumption 7 is indirectly or directly coupled. The consumption points 7 are several different power generators ( 17 ) for generating electrical energy from the mechanical energy and / or an electric motor 18 for driving the rotor 1B for starting the operation, wherein the rotor shaft 1N via a gearbox 16 with the generator 17 and / or the electric motor 18 connected is. The rotor shaft 1N is to stabilize the rotor 1A extended in the direction of consumption point beyond this. The generators can be combined with the rotor shaft 2 switchable and detachable. In a further embodiment, the rotors are 1A arranged one above the other, wherein the superposed rotors 1A with flexible profile connectors self-supporting with a common rotor shaft 2 are designed. In addition, the rotors 1A designed with a storm gust overload protection.

The rotor is driven by the turning and turning blades. By the sail rotation locks the drive of the rotor is regulated. All sail turnstiles 5 are extended before starting. The sail drive starts at pos. A. Between pos. B and C the sail turnstiles ( 5 ) gradually retracted ( 6 ), so the sail angle to the wind is improved at each sail stroke change. With Pos. C the sail rotation lock always remains extended during operation. There is no drive between pos. D and pos. At pos. E and ( 4 ) 28 gets the drive sail 9 Tail wind and is turned by the wind by 180 °. (Self-cleaning by turning while blowing snow). After that all sail turnstiles ( 5 ) extended again. By turning through 180 ° is out of the drive sail 9 a sail wind vane 10 which now rotates by the rotor rotation with the least possible resistance to the wind. At Pos. F the sailwind flag beats 10 to the first sail turnstile ( 5 ) and can not do more than sailwind vane 10 to turn with the wind. When the rotor continues to turn at position A, it automatically becomes a drive sail again 9 as the wind now blows again on the sail-drive side facing the wind and the sail drive starts again.

After a standstill ( 10 ), the wind turbine does not start automatically and needs a jump start (as in the car) to max. ¼ turn. The starter motor ( 3 ) 18 can from the batteries ( 3 ) 22 be fed. The batteries can maintain operation or operation even in the event of a power failure, so the wind turbine is independent of the external power supply.

The tower of the wind power plant according to the invention, as a wind turbine tower or large wind turbine 41 denotes, in another embodiment, the wind turbine according to the invention on different floors. To stabilize the wind turbine 41 serve stabilization masts 37 , In another embodiment, the wind power machines are connected to one another via a common rotor shaft and drive them in a power house 7 located generators 17 at. When arranging the wind turbine tower 41 can stabilizing outriggers on the outside 38 coupled in the case of application offshore. In one of the stabilization masts 37 this is a lift 42 passable. combination units 39 in girders, on which the wind turbines load, take up bearings and gears. Also, the attachment of the wind turbine according to the invention in the ground is possible. The rotor shaft driven by the rotor becomes a nacelle in a columnar tower 7 led, which is anchored in the ground. The wheel body of the wind power machine according to the invention has not only radially arranged struts, but arranged concentrically around the rotor shaft trusses, which connect the struts with each other, and in a rotor bogie 8th to be ordered. In the ground, the tower, which receives the rotor shaft, anchored by means of Aufsetzbefestigungen 4 ,

The rotor shaft is in a further embodiment with generators 17 via gears and coupling units 16 connected, which flock around the rotor shaft. In a technical room there is a generator and a starter motor 18 , The generator is with starter motor 18 electrically operated and is powered by batteries 22 supplied with electricity. From the technical room 21 the drive shaft of the generator is led out to the rotor shaft in order to let go by turning the rotor shaft, the wind turbine according to the invention in the operation, since an automatic start can not be done. In a control center 20 in the technical room 21 become the batteries 22 , The gear 16 , the generators 17 , etc. monitored. The gearbox and the coupling unit 16 is connected between the generators and the rotor shaft, which via a sprocket 14 are drivable.

The long rotor blade leg is divided into two in a further embodiment. The one in the rotor blade sail frame 29 aligned rotational axis of the rotor blade remote from the long blade leg is held by Federkraftbeaufschlagung in position and parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor blade facing part to strike against the turnstile located in the coupling position can (rotor blade stop with druckfederbelastetem overload protection 31 , The Federkraftbeaufschlagung 30 is adjustable. The part of the long rotor blade leg can experience such a force in overload, which is greater than the spring force, which keeps him in stop position, so that it is overcome and the remote part 31 against the wind direction 23 pivoted around. The turnstile can be moved in the coupling position or at rest. The turnstile has an extendable mandrel against which is struck. The thorn 34 has an internal thread, which is a spindle turning rod 35 receives. By turning the spindle turning bar 35 can the thorn 34 in the locking bar unit 32 retracted into the rest position or be moved out of this in the coupling position. The spindle turntable 35 is driven or driven by an electric motor 36 , which is also in the locking bar unit 32 is arranged. The electric motor is driven by the control device and performs the rotational movements of the spindle turning rod 35 either to retract the mandrel, so that the turnstile can be driven to rest, or in coupling position, so that the mandrel is extended, so that the turnstile is in coupling position.

The rotor shaft of the wind power machine according to the invention is in a further embodiment in the wind turbine tower 1 guided. The rotor shaft drives in a nacelle 7 the connected to the rotor shaft generators. The struts and the trusses are in the Radrotor bogie 8th arranged. The control device for controlling the turnstiles is located in the machine house 7 ,

The wind power machine according to the invention is formed in a further embodiment as a self-supporting aufgestockter wind turbine. This leads with its end facing away from the rotor in a camp 44 guided. She loads with her upper ball bearing pad 46 over ball bearings 45 on the lower ball bearing receiver 44 on. The lower ball bearing mount 44 is associated with the Stabilisierungsauslager 38 , The lower end of the rotor shaft with movable profile connector 43 interact. Furthermore, the lower end of the rotor shaft via sprockets 14 and gear heads 15 with the gearbox and the coupling unit 16 to power the generators 17 be connected. In a further embodiment are located between the stabilizing masts 37 the helipad 47 , The helipad 47 is with the top stabilizer boom 38 and masts 37 connected.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Wind power tower

1N

rotor shaft

2

rotor axis

3

Radrotorachsenführung

4

Rotor axis Fixing set

5

Rotor axis of rotation hemisphere

6

oil level

7

power house

8th

Radrotordrehgestell

9

Rotor blade with rotation axis from the middle

10

Rotor blade sail wind vane by the rotation of the wheel rotor with the least possible resistance to the wind

11

Rotor blade axis of rotation

12

Section A-A top view of the machine house

13

Wind turbine without tower construction. Subsequent construction on site on existing buildings.

14

Zahnkranzrad

15

gear head

16

Transmission and coupling unit

17

generator

18

Generator and starter motor. Since the wind turbine does not start automatically after switching off, it only starts again after the turnstiles have been extended and approx. ¼ turn.

19

Boarding nacelle

20

control center

21

equipment room

22

Batteries for self-supply

23

wind direction

24

direction of rotation

25

Mounting device for rotor blade turnstile - curved -

26

Retracted rotor blade turnstile

27

Rotor blade turnstile extended

28

Rotor blade - 9 - before turning by 180 ° will now to the rotor blade sail flag

29

Rotor blade sailing framework

30

Adjustable compression spring load

31

Rotor blade stop with compression spring loaded overload protection

32

Locking latch unit

33

Locking latch unit attachment

34

stroke movement

35

Spindle rod

36

electric motor

37

stabilization masts

38

outriggers

39

combination unit

40

Large wind turbine Water and land installation

42

elevator

43

Mobile profile connector between two wheel rotor axles

44

Lower ball bearing mount and screw connection with the stabilizer arm

45

ball-bearing

46

Upper ball bearing support and screw suspension attachment with the wheel rotor axle

47

Helipad

Claims (23)

Wind power machine with a device for converting wind energy flow into usable energy, comprising: a) a rotor ( 1A ) and one on the rotor ( 1A ) switched consumption point, b) which rotor ( 1A ) one about a rotor axis of rotation ( 2 ) rotatable wheel body ( 1B ) with a hub ( 1C ) and several rotor blades ( 1D ), c) on which wheel body ( 1B ) the rotor blades ( 1D ) are pivotally coupled, d) the wheel body ( 1B ) on his hub ( 1C ) coupled struts ( 1E ), e) the rotor blades ( 1D ) to one end ( 1F ) of aspiration ( 1E ) are rotatably mounted about axes of rotation (DD), f) the rotor blades ( 1D ) with the struts ( 1E ) forming short rotor blade legs ( 1G ) and long rotor blade legs ( 1H ) are rotatably connected, characterized in that g) the rotor axis of rotation ( 2 ) is aligned parallel to the axes of rotation (DD), h) the wheel body ( 1B ), preferably on the inside, adjusting devices ( 1K ) for providing adjustments of the rotor blades ( 1D ), i) the adjusting devices ( 1K ), preferably arcuately about the axes of rotation (DD) of the rotor blades ( 1D ), turnstiles ( 27a . 27 , b, 27c . 27d ), which for striking the long rotor arm legs ( 1H ) of the rotor blades ( 1D ) are suitable. Wind power engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjustments of the rotor blades ( 1D ) Wind vane positions (E, F) and feather positions (A, B, C, D) of the rotor blades ( 1D ). Wind power machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the turnstiles ( 27a . 27b . 27c . 27d ) in dependence on the rotational position of the wheel body ( 1B ) the adjustments of the rotor blades ( 1D ) cause their axes of rotation (DD) during operation. Wind power engine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a circulation of the wheel body ( 1B ) comprises the sail positions from (A) to (D) and wind vane positions from (E) to (F). Wind power machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the turnstiles ( 27a . 27b . 27c ) in dependence on the rotational position of the wheel body ( 1B ) in coupling position for striking the long Rotorarmschenkel 1H the rotor blades 1D are against the turnstiles. Wind power machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the turnstiles ( 27a . 27b . 27c ) in dependence on the rotational position of the wheel body ( 1B ) at rest to release the long rotor arm legs ( 1D ) to find oneself. Wind power machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting device ( 1K ) at least 2, 3 or 4 turnstiles ( 27a . 27b . 27c . 27d ), which turnstiles ( 27a . 27b . 27c ) When passing through the feathered position (A) to the feathered position (D) can be brought successively from the coupling position into the rest position. Wind power machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the turnstiles ( 27a . 27b . 27c ) can be brought from the rest position into the coupling position when passing through the wind vane positions (E) according to (F). Wind power machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that during the transition from the feathered position (D) into the wind vane position (E) the rotor blade ( 1D ) is suitable for pivoting in a leeward position X. Wind power machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the turnstiles ( 27a . 27b . 27c . 27d ) in dependence on the rotational position of the wheel body ( 1B ) and on the rotor blades ( 1D ) acting force the adjustments of the rotor blades ( 1D ) cause about the axes of rotation (DD). Wind power machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in feathered positions (A, B, C, D) the rotor blade ( 1D ) with its rotor blade surface ( 1L ) as Windangriffsfläche the wind direction ( 23 ) is adjustable facing. Wind power machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor ( 2 ) with one around the rotor axis of rotation ( 2 ) rotatable rotor shaft ( 1N ), preferably via the hub ( 1C ) connected to the point of consumption ( 7 ) is indirectly / directly coupled. Wind power machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the consumption point ( 7 ) several power-different generators ( 17 ) for generating electrical energy from the mechanical energy and / or an electric motor ( 18 ) for driving the rotor ( 1B ) is to start the operation. Wind power machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor shaft ( 1N ) via a transmission ( 16 ) with the generator ( 17 ) and / or the electric motor ( 18 ) connected is. Wind power machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the turnstiles ( 27a . 27b . 27c . 27d ) and / or the transmission are provided with a control device, which according to the time program and / or stipulations of supplied measured values for the wind speed, the rotational speed of the wheel body ( 1B ), Wind direction ( 23 ) and / or the rotational speed of the rotor blades ( 1D ) and the control device according to the specifications of the program and / or the measured values the turnstiles ( 27a . 27b . 27c . 27d ) switches in coupling positions or rest positions and / or controls the transmission. Wind power machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor shaft ( 1N ) for stabilizing the rotor ( 1A ) is extended in the direction of consumption point beyond this. Wind power machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the generators can be combined to the rotor shaft ( 2 ) are switchable and decoupled. Wind power machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotors ( 1A ) are arranged one above the other. Wind power machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the superposed rotors ( 1A ) with flexible profile connectors self-supporting with a common rotor shaft ( 2 ) are configured. Wind power machine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotors ( 1A ) are designed with a storm gust overload protection. Wind turbine for generating wind energy with at least two wind power machines according to one of the preceding claims, which wind power machines via a common rotor shaft ( 1N ) interact. Wind power plant according to claim 21, characterized in that the wind turbine are held with stabilizing masts and Stabilisierungsauslegern. Method for generating useful energy from wind energy of wind using a wind power machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 31, which comprises a rotor ( 1A ) and one on the rotor ( 1A ) switched consumption point, which rotor ( 1A ) one about a rotor axis of rotation ( 2 ) rotatable wheel body ( 1B ) with a hub ( 1C ) and several rotor blades ( 1D ) on which wheel body ( 1B ) the rotor blades ( 1D ) are pivotally coupled about axes of rotation (DD), the rotor blades ( 1D ) at the center to form short rotor blade legs ( 1G ) and long rotor blade legs ( 1H ) rotatable on the wheel body ( 1B ), the rotor axis of rotation ( 2 ) is aligned parallel to the axes of rotation (DD), the wheel body ( 1B ) inside adjusting devices ( 1K ) for providing adjustments of the rotor blades ( 1D ), the adjusting devices ( 1K ) arcuately about the axes of rotation (DD) of the rotor blades ( 1D ) arranged turnstiles ( 27a . 27 , b, 27c . 27d ), which for striking the long rotor arm legs ( 1H ) of the rotor blades ( 1D ) are, by the turnstiles ( 27a . 27 , b, 27c . 27d ) the adjustments of the rotor blades ( 1D ) in wind vane positions (E, F) and sail positions (A, B, C, D) of the rotor blades ( 1D ), the long rotor arm legs ( 1H ) of the rotor blades ( 1D ) are struck one after the other in the feathered position (A, B, C, D) against the turnstiles switched in coupling position, the long rotor arm limbs ( 1H ) of the rotor blades ( 1D ) from the feathering into the wind vane position by switching the turnstiles ( 27a . 27 , b, 27c ) are released from the coupling position in the rest position.

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