CN114577651A - A current-carrying friction and wear test device and test method for simulating variable temperature environment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a current-carrying friction and wear test device for simulating a variable temperature environment and a test method thereof, belonging to the technical field of test and test. A current-carrying friction and wear test device simulating a variable temperature environment, comprising: a test box, a temperature control mechanism connected to the test box, a motion mechanism located at the bottom of an inner cavity of the test box, and a suspension mechanism located at the top of the inner cavity of the test box; The mechanism includes: a controller, a thermometer, a heater and a cooler respectively connected in communication with the controller. The thermometer, the heater and the cooler are respectively extended to the inner cavity of the test box; the motion mechanism is in contact with the suspension mechanism. The present invention forms an environment of alternating cold and heat in the inner cavity of the test box through the temperature control mechanism, the movement mechanism can move in the inner cavity of the test box, and the suspension mechanism is fixed on the top of the inner cavity of the test box. The relative movement of the current-carrying friction and wear test with alternating cold and heat is carried out.

Description

A current-carrying friction and wear test device and test method for simulating variable temperature environment

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of testing and testing, in particular to a current-carrying friction and wear testing device and a testing method for simulating a variable temperature environment.

Background technique

The description of the background technology in the present invention belongs to the related art related to the present invention, and is only used to illustrate and facilitate the understanding of the invention content of the present invention, and should not be construed as the applicant's explicit belief or presumption that the applicant believes that the present invention is the first application of the present invention. the prior art of the filing date.

In recent years, with the increasing improvement of people's living standards, the role of rail transit in life has become more and more important, and the pantograph-catenary system is the only flow path for train operation. Due to extreme climates such as high speed, long-term rain, snow, sand, and sudden changes in high and low temperature, the contact surface of the pantograph is in an extremely bad state. The abnormal wear caused by these extreme factors will cause irreversible damage to the contact wire and the pantograph skateboard. Damage, aggravates the maintenance workload, operating costs, and even causes personnel and property losses in severe cases. Therefore, it is of great practical engineering significance to study the tribological characteristics of electrical contacts under different current, speed, contact pressure and other working conditions and the changing laws of electrical characteristics.

With the advancement of the construction of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway, the pantograph and catenary system is about to face the test of harsh environments such as high cold and low pressure. The pantograph slide plate is frequently subjected to sudden changes in high and low temperature and the vibration and impact of the catenary, and the current-carrying friction pair will have different degrees of influence on the current-carrying friction and wear of the friction pair under the action of different factors. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe and stable operation of trains on the Sichuan-Tibet line, there is an urgent need for a current-carrying friction and wear test device that can simulate alternating cold and heat.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a current-carrying friction and wear test device and a test method for simulating a temperature-changing environment, so as to solve the problem that the current-carrying friction and wear test device is inconvenient to truly simulate the temperature-changing environment.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

A current-carrying friction and wear test device simulating a variable temperature environment, comprising: a test box, a temperature control mechanism connected to the test box, a motion mechanism located at the bottom of an inner cavity of the test box, and a suspension mechanism located at the top of the inner cavity of the test box;

The temperature control mechanism includes: a controller and a thermometer, a heater and a cooler respectively connected in communication with the controller, and the thermometer, the heater and the cooler extend to the inner cavity of the test box respectively;

The motion mechanism is in contact with the suspension mechanism.

The present invention forms an environment of alternating cold and heat in the inner cavity of the test box through the temperature control mechanism, the movement mechanism can move in the inner cavity of the test box, and the suspension mechanism is fixed on the top of the inner cavity of the test box. The relative movement of the current-carrying friction and wear test with alternating cold and heat is carried out.

Further, the above-mentioned motion mechanism includes: a moving vehicle, a lifter located on the top of the moving vehicle, and a pantograph slider set on the top surface of the lifter, and the pantograph slider is in contact with the suspension mechanism.

The mobile car of the invention is used to drive the lifter and the pantograph slider to move tightly, the lifter is used to adjust the real-time height of the pantograph slider, and at the same time, it can also adjust the contact pressure between the pantograph slider and the suspension mechanism. adjust.

Further, the above-mentioned lifter includes: a lift slide located on the top surface of the moving vehicle, a lift rod group whose bottom end is slidingly matched with the top surface of the lift slide, a lift slide at the top of the lift rod set, and a lift slide located on the lift slide and the lift slide. The lifting pump between the tables, the lifting rod group is X-shaped, and is hinged at the midpoint, and the top surface of the lifting sliding table is in contact with the pantograph slider.

The invention uses the lifting pump as a power source to drive the lifting rod group to deform, so as to adjust the gap between the lifting sliding table and the lifting sliding seat, and adjust the height of the pantograph sliding block; when the height of the lifter no longer rises , which can continuously pressurize the lift pump, thereby increasing the contact pressure between the pantograph slider and the suspension mechanism.

Further, the top surface of the lift slide table is provided with a clamping piece, and the clamping piece is in contact with both sides of the pantograph slider.

In the present invention, the position of the pantograph sliding block is limited and protected by arranging the clamping piece.

Further, the above-mentioned suspension mechanism includes: a fixed top frame connected to the top wall of the inner cavity of the test box, a bus bar located at the bottom end of the fixed top frame, and a contact wire arranged at the bottom end of the bus bar, and both ends of the bus bar are connected to the fixed side frame through the fixed side frame. The side wall of the test box is connected, and the contact wire is in contact with the pantograph slider.

The present invention fixes the bus bar by fixing the top frame and the fixed side frame, so as to avoid the position change of the bus bar and the contact wire during the contact process with the moving mechanism.

Further, the above-mentioned fixed top frame includes: a top base connected to the test box, an insulator located at the bottom end of the top base, and a bracket located between the insulator and the bus bar.

In the present invention, an insulator is arranged between the bracket and the top seat to ensure the electrical insulation between the charged body and the ground.

Further, the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the above-mentioned test box is provided with an annular track that is in contact with the moving vehicle, and the annular track includes: a straight line section and a curved section that are connected.

The present invention facilitates to simulate the uniform speed state of the train truly by setting the environmental track, and can also fully simulate the entire running process of the train, such as acceleration, deceleration, and cornering.

Further, a centrifugal force adapter is provided inside the moving vehicle, and the centrifugal force adapter is used to balance the centrifugal force received during the moving of the moving vehicle.

In the present invention, the centrifugal force adapter is arranged to offset the centrifugal force generated by the moving vehicle running on the curve, so as to avoid the influence of the centrifugal force on the friction and wear test structure.

Further, the above-mentioned desuperheater includes: a compressor and a condenser respectively connected in communication with the controller, the condenser is connected with a condenser pipe, and the condenser pipe is located in the inner cavity of the test box.

The invention provides cold air through the compressor and the condenser, and transports it to the inner cavity of the test box through the condensation pipe, so as to realize the cooling of the inner cavity of the test box.

A test method for the above-mentioned current-carrying friction and wear experimental device for simulating a variable temperature environment, comprising the following steps:

S1: Set the alternate working time of the heater and the cooler through the controller;

S2: Set the relevant parameters of the motion mechanism and the suspension mechanism, and make the two reach the preset contact conditions;

S3: The internal temperature of the test box is detected by a thermometer, the suspension mechanism is electrified by an external power supply, and the motion mechanism starts to move;

S4: Repeat steps S1 to S3 by changing the contact conditions, the motion form, and the alternate working time of the heater and the cooler.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The present invention forms an environment of alternating cold and heat in the inner cavity of the test box through the temperature control mechanism, the motion mechanism can move in the inner cavity of the test box, and the suspension mechanism is fixed on the top of the inner cavity of the test box. The relative movement of the suspension mechanism is used to carry out the friction and wear test of the current-carrying friction and wear with alternating cold and heat.

(2) The present invention facilitates the real simulation of the uniform speed state of the train by setting the environmental track, and can also fully simulate the entire running process of the train, such as acceleration, deceleration, and cornering. And a centrifugal force adapter is set to offset the centrifugal force generated by the moving car running on the curve, so as to avoid the impact of centrifugal force on the friction and wear test structure, and also according to the size of the centrifugal force balance force generated by the centrifugal force adapter, the movement mechanism and suspension can be reversed. The friction and wear between the mechanisms are analyzed.

(3) The present invention conducts the friction and wear test of variable-temperature current-carrying current with alternating cold and heat in an orderly manner through specific working steps, and can adjust the temperature-changing conditions, the motion form and the contact adjustment conditions respectively, so as to realize the full process of the train form. simulation.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a current-carrying friction and wear test device for simulating a variable temperature environment according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top position schematic diagram of the annular track and the contact line of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the position schematic diagram of the condensation pipe of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the movement mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the structure of the suspension mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure: 10-test box; 11-circular track; 111-straight line segment; 112-curve segment;

20-temperature control mechanism; 21-controller; 22-thermometer; 23-heater; 24-cooler; 241-compressor; 242-condenser; 243-condenser;

30-movement mechanism; 31-mobile cart; 311-centrifugal force adapter; 32-lifter; 321-lifting slide; 322-lifting rod group; 323-lifting slide; 324-lifting pump; 33-pantograph slider ;34-Clamping part;

40-suspension mechanism; 41-fixed top frame; 411-top seat; 412-insulator; 413-support; 42-busbar; 43-contact wire; 44-fixed side frame.

Detailed ways

The principles and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example

Referring to FIG. 1 , a current-carrying friction and wear test device simulating a variable temperature environment includes: a test box 10 , a temperature control mechanism 20 connected to the test box 10 , a motion mechanism 30 located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the test box 10 , and a test box located in the test box 30 Suspension mechanism 40 at the top of the cavity.

The test box 10 is a closed box with a certain size, and a thermal insulation layer is provided on the inner wall surface for thermal insulation of the inner cavity, so as to avoid the influence of the external ambient temperature on the temperature of the inner cavity.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 3 , the temperature control mechanism 20 includes a controller 21 located outside the test box 10 , a thermometer 22 , a heater 23 and a cooler 24 respectively connected to the controller 21 in communication. The controller 21 is a single-chip microcomputer of the STM32 series, and the linkage control program is written in advance, so as to realize intelligent linkage with each component. The thermometer 22 is inserted into the inner cavity of the test box 10 for real-time detection of the inner cavity temperature of the test box 10 . The heater 23 is also located in the inner cavity of the test box 10, and includes a power supply and a heating wire. The controller 21 can intelligently control the start and stop of the power supply of the heater 23, thereby driving the heating wire to heat up and release heat or to stop heating. The desuperheater 24 includes: a compressor 241 and a condenser 242 which are respectively connected to the controller 21 in communication. The lead condenser 242 is also connected with a condenser pipe 243 extending into the inner cavity of the test box 10. The compressor 241 and the condenser 242 work together The cold air is provided and transported to the inner cavity of the test box 10 through the condensation pipe 243 , thereby cooling the inner cavity of the test box 10 in real time. Through the intelligent operation of the temperature control mechanism 20, the present invention can provide a temperature-changing environment with alternating cold and heat to the inner cavity of the test box 10, so as to fully simulate the climate temperature change at the moment when the train exits the tunnel.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 4 , the motion mechanism 30 includes: a moving cart 31 , a lifter 32 located on the top of the moving cart 31 , and a pantograph slider 33 arranged on the top surface of the lifter 32 . The pantograph slider 33 is connected to the suspension Mechanism 40 is a contact fit. The moving cart 31 can move on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the test box 10 , thereby driving the pantograph slider 33 and the suspension mechanism 40 to move relative to each other, thereby generating friction. The lifter 32 includes: a lift slide 321 located on the top surface of the moving vehicle 31 , a lift rod group 322 whose bottom end is slidably matched with the top surface of the lift slide 321 , a lift slide table 323 located at the top of the lift rod set 322 , and a lift slide Lift pump 324 between 321 and lift slide 323 . The lift rod group 322 is X-shaped, and is hinged at the midpoint. The top and bottom ends of the lift rods can be slid to adjust the relative angle between the rods, thereby adjusting the height. The lift pump 324 is used as a power source to drive the lift rod group 322 to deform, thereby adjusting the gap between the lift slide 323 and the lift slide 321, and adjust the height of the pantograph slide 33; when the height of the lifter 32 is no longer When rising, the lift pump 324 can be continuously pressurized, thereby increasing the contact pressure between the pantograph slider 33 and the suspension mechanism 40 . A clamping member 34 is provided on the top surface of the lifting slide 323, and the clamping member 34 is in contact with both sides of the pantograph slider 33, so as to limit the position of the pantograph slider 33 and prevent it from being in contact with the suspension. Rolling occurs during the relative process of the hanging mechanism 40 . The movements of the lift pump 324 and the moving vehicle 31 can be controlled by the remote processing center, or they can be connected to the controller 21 in communication, and the controller 21 can perform unified scheduling.

1 and 5, the suspension mechanism 40 includes: a fixed top frame 41 connected to the top wall of the inner cavity of the test box 10, a bus bar 42 located at the bottom end of the fixed top frame 41, and a contact wire 43 provided at the bottom end of the bus bar 42, And the contact wire 43 is in contact with the pantograph slider 33 . Both ends of the bus bar 42 are connected to the side wall of the test box 10 through the fixed side frame 44, and the bus bar 42 is fixed by the fixed top frame 41 and the fixed side frame 44, so as to prevent the bus bar 42 and the contact wire 43 from being in contact with the pantograph. A positional change occurs during the contact of the slider 33 .

The fixed top frame 41 includes: a top base 411 connected to the test box 10 , an insulator 412 located at the bottom end of the top base 411 , and a bracket 413 located between the insulator 412 and the bus bar 42 . In the present invention, an insulator 412 is arranged between the bracket 411 and the top seat 413 to ensure electrical insulation between the charged body and the ground, and to increase the creepage distance. A wire clamp is provided at the bottom end of the bracket 413 for clamping the bus bar 42, and the bottom end of the bus bar 42 is also provided with a contact wire clamp for clamping the contact wire 43, so as to ensure that the bus bar 42 is in contact with The position stability of the wire 43 avoids the easy position change due to friction with the pantograph slider 33 . The structure of the fixed side frame 44 is similar to that of the fixed top frame 41, thereby ensuring insulation safety.

1 and 2, the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the test box 10 is provided with an annular track 10 that is in contact with the moving vehicle 31. The annular track 10 includes: a connected straight line section 111 and a curved section 112, which is convenient for the true detection of the train. The constant speed state can be simulated, and the whole process of the train's acceleration, deceleration, cornering, etc. can be fully simulated. A centrifugal force adapter 311 is provided inside the moving cart 31 . The centrifugal force adapter 311 includes a sensing part and a force applying part. The sensing part is used to sense the magnitude of the centrifugal force received by the moving cart 31 ; Balance force, so as to balance the centrifugal force received by the moving vehicle 31 during the moving process, offset the centrifugal force generated by the moving vehicle 31 running on the curve, and avoid the centrifugal force from affecting the friction and wear test structure.

A test method for the above-mentioned current-carrying friction and wear experimental device for simulating a variable temperature environment, comprising the following steps:

S1: Set the alternate working time of the heater 23 and the cooler 24 through the controller 21;

S2: Set the relevant parameters of the motion mechanism 30 and the suspension mechanism 40, and make the two reach the preset contact conditions; mainly include the lifting pressure and pressurizing stroke of the lifting pump 324, and the contact line between the pantograph slider 33 and the contact line. 43 contact force and contact force change curve.

S3: The internal temperature of the test box 10 is detected by the thermometer 22, the suspension mechanism 40 is electrified by an external power supply, and the motion mechanism 30 starts to move; The contact wire 43 remains in constant contact while the centrifugal force adapter 311 starts to work.

S4: Repeat steps S1 to S3 by changing the contact conditions, the motion form, and the alternate working time of the heater 23 and the cooler 24. Finally, the numerical change of each component can be analyzed, and the wear degree of the pantograph slider 33 and the contact wire 43 can be detected.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.

Claims (10)

1. A current-carrying friction and wear test device simulating a variable temperature environment, characterized in that it comprises: a test chamber (10), a temperature control mechanism (20) connected with the test chamber (10), a temperature control mechanism (20) located in the test chamber (10) 10) a motion mechanism (30) at the bottom of the inner cavity and a suspension mechanism (40) at the top of the inner cavity of the test box (10); The temperature control mechanism (20) comprises: a controller (21) and a thermometer (22), a heater (23) and a cooler (24) respectively connected in communication with the controller (21), the temperature detector (24) The thermometer (22), the heater (23) and the cooler (24) are respectively extended to the inner cavity of the test box (10); The movement mechanism (30) is in contact with the suspension mechanism (40). 2 . The current-carrying friction and wear test device for simulating a variable temperature environment according to claim 1 , wherein the motion mechanism ( 30 ) comprises: a moving vehicle ( 31 ), a lift located on the top of the moving vehicle ( 31 ). 3 . A pantograph (32) and a pantograph slider (33) arranged on the top surface of the lifter (32), the pantograph slider (33) is in contact with the suspension mechanism (40). 3. The current-carrying friction and wear test device for simulating a variable temperature environment according to claim 2, wherein the lifter (32) comprises: a lift slide (321) located on the top surface of the moving vehicle (31) , a lift rod group (322) whose bottom end is slidably matched with the top surface of the lift rod group (321), a lift slide table (323) located at the top of the lift rod group (322), and a lift slide table (321) located at the top of the lift rod group (321) ) and the lift pump (324) between the lift slide (323), the lift rod group (322) is X-shaped and hinged at the midpoint, the top surface of the lift slide (323) and the receiving The pantograph slider (33) is in contact. 4. The current-carrying friction and wear test device for simulating a variable temperature environment according to claim 3, characterized in that a clamping member (34) is provided on the top surface of the lifting slide (323), and the clamping member ( 34) Contact with both sides of the pantograph slider (33). 5. The current-carrying friction and wear test device for simulating a variable temperature environment and its test method according to claim 3, wherein the suspension mechanism (40) comprises: a top wall of the inner cavity of the test box (10) Connecting the fixed top frame (41), the bus bar (42) located at the bottom end of the fixed top frame (41), and the contact wire (43) provided at the bottom end of the bus bar (42), the bus bar (42) Both ends of the test box (10) are connected to the side wall of the test box (10) through a fixed side frame (44), and the contact wire (43) is in contact with the pantograph slider (33). 6 . The current-carrying friction and wear test device simulating a variable temperature environment according to claim 5 , wherein the fixed top frame ( 41 ) comprises: a top seat ( 411 ) connected with the test box ( 10 ), An insulator (412) located at the bottom end of the top seat (411) and a bracket (413) located between the insulator (412) and the bus bar (42). 7. The current-carrying friction and wear test device for simulating a variable temperature environment according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the test box (10) is provided with the moving vehicle (31) ) a contact-fit annular track (11), the annular track (11) comprising: a straight line segment (111) and a curved segment (112) that are connected. 8 . The current-carrying friction and wear test device for simulating a variable temperature environment according to claim 7 , wherein a centrifugal force adapter ( 311 ) is provided inside the moving vehicle ( 31 ), and the centrifugal force adapter ( 311 ) is used for The centrifugal force received during the movement of the moving vehicle (31) is balanced. 9. The current-carrying friction and wear test device for simulating a variable temperature environment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, the cooler (24) comprises: respectively connected in communication with the controller (21) A compressor (241) and a condenser (242), the condenser (242) is connected with a condensation pipe (243), and the condensation pipe (243) is located in the inner cavity of the test box (10). 10. A test method for the current-carrying friction and wear experimental device of the arbitrary described simulation variable temperature environment of claim 1-9, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: S1: the alternate working time of the heater (23) and the cooler (24) is set by the controller (21); S2: Set the relevant parameters of the motion mechanism (30) and the suspension mechanism (40), and make the two reach preset contact conditions; S3: the internal temperature of the test box (10) is detected by the thermometer (22), the suspension mechanism (40) is electrified by an external power supply, and the motion mechanism (30) starts to move; S4: Repeat steps S1 to S3 by changing the contact conditions and the alternate working time of the heater (23) and the cooler (24).

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