CN114577651A - Current-carrying frictional wear test device for simulating variable temperature environment and test method thereof - Google Patents
Current-carrying frictional wear test device for simulating variable temperature environment and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114577651A CN114577651A CN202210225579.6A CN202210225579A CN114577651A CN 114577651 A CN114577651 A CN 114577651A CN 202210225579 A CN202210225579 A CN 202210225579A CN 114577651 A CN114577651 A CN 114577651A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/02—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0224—Thermal cycling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0278—Thin specimens
- G01N2203/0282—Two dimensional, e.g. tapes, webs, sheets, strips, disks or membranes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a current-carrying frictional wear test device for simulating a temperature-changing environment and a test method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of test and test. A current-carrying frictional wear test device for simulating a variable temperature environment comprises: the device comprises a test box, a temperature control mechanism connected with the test box, a movement mechanism positioned at the bottom of an inner cavity of the test box and a suspension mechanism positioned at the top of the inner cavity of the test box; the temperature control mechanism comprises: the temperature detector, the heater and the cooler are respectively extended to the inner cavity of the test box; the motion mechanism is in contact fit with the suspension mechanism. The temperature control mechanism forms a cold and hot alternating environment in the inner cavity of the test box, the movement mechanism can move in the inner cavity of the test box, the suspension mechanism is fixed at the top of the inner cavity of the test box, and the cold and hot alternating temperature-changing current-carrying frictional wear test is performed through the relative movement of the movement mechanism and the suspension mechanism.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of test and test, in particular to a current-carrying frictional wear test device for simulating a variable temperature environment and a test method thereof.
Background
The description of the background of the invention pertaining to the related art to which this invention pertains is given for the purpose of illustration and understanding only of the summary of the invention and is not to be construed as an admission that the applicant is explicitly or implicitly admitted to be prior art to the date of filing this application as first filed with this invention.
In recent years, with the increasing living standard of people, the role position of rail transit in life is more and more important, and the pantograph system is the only current-taking path for train operation. Due to extreme climates such as high speed, long-term rain, snow, wind, sand, high and low temperature sudden change and the like, the pantograph-catenary electric contact surface is in an extremely severe state, and the abnormal abrasion caused by the extreme factors can cause irreversible damage to the contact line and the pantograph slide plate, so that the maintenance workload and the operation cost are aggravated, and even personnel and property loss is caused in severe cases. Therefore, the method has great practical engineering significance for researching the tribological characteristics and the change rule of the electrical characteristics of the electrical contact under the working conditions of different currents, speeds, contact pressures and the like.
With the advance of the construction of the tibetan railway, the bow net system is about to face the examination of severe environments such as high and cold, low pressure and the like. The pantograph slide plate is frequently subjected to the action of high and low temperature sudden change and vibration impact of a contact net, and the current-carrying friction pair can bring different degrees of influence on the current-carrying friction abrasion of the friction pair under the action of different factors. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the train in the tibet-chuhai railway, a test device capable of simulating cold and hot alternate current-carrying frictional wear is urgently needed, so that the problem that the current-carrying frictional wear test device in the prior art is inconvenient for truly simulating a variable temperature environment is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a current-carrying frictional wear test device for simulating a variable temperature environment and a test method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the current-carrying frictional wear test device is inconvenient to truly simulate the variable temperature environment.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a current-carrying frictional wear test device for simulating a variable temperature environment comprises: the device comprises a test box, a temperature control mechanism connected with the test box, a movement mechanism positioned at the bottom of an inner cavity of the test box and a suspension mechanism positioned at the top of the inner cavity of the test box;
the temperature control mechanism comprises: the temperature detector, the heater and the cooler are respectively extended to the inner cavity of the test box;
the motion mechanism is in contact fit with the suspension mechanism.
The temperature control mechanism forms a cold and hot alternating environment in the inner cavity of the test box, the movement mechanism can move in the inner cavity of the test box, the suspension mechanism is fixed at the top of the inner cavity of the test box, and the cold and hot alternating temperature-changing current-carrying frictional wear test is performed through the relative movement of the movement mechanism and the suspension mechanism.
Further, the movement mechanism includes: the pantograph slide block is in contact fit with the suspension mechanism.
The moving vehicle is used for driving the lifter and the pantograph slide block to move tightly, the lifter is used for adjusting the real-time height of the pantograph slide block, and meanwhile, the contact pressure of the pantograph slide block and the suspension mechanism can be adjusted.
Further, the lifter includes: the lifting slide seat is positioned on the top surface of the moving vehicle, the lifting rod group is in sliding fit with the top surface of the lifting slide seat at the bottom end, the lifting sliding table is positioned on the top end of the lifting rod group, and the lifting pump is positioned between the lifting slide seat and the lifting sliding table.
The pantograph slide block is driven to deform by taking the lifting pump as a power source, so that the gap between the lifting sliding table and the lifting slide seat is adjusted, and the height of the pantograph slide block is adjusted; when the height of the lifter is not increased any more, the lifting pump can be continuously pressurized, so that the contact pressure of the pantograph slider and the suspension mechanism is increased.
Furthermore, the top surface of the lifting sliding table is provided with a clamping piece, and the clamping piece is in contact with two sides of the pantograph sliding block.
The limiting protection device is used for limiting and protecting the position of the pantograph sliding block by arranging the clamping piece.
Further, the suspension mechanism includes: the top wall of the inner cavity of the test box is connected with a fixed top frame, a busbar positioned at the bottom end of the fixed top frame and a contact line arranged at the bottom end of the busbar, two ends of the busbar are connected with the side wall of the test box through fixed side frames, and the contact line is in contact fit with a pantograph sliding block.
The bus bar is fixed through the fixed top frame and the fixed side frame, and position change of the bus bar and the contact line in the contact process of the bus bar and the contact line with the movement mechanism is avoided.
Further, the above-mentioned fixed roof rack includes: the top seat is connected with the test box, the insulator is located at the bottom end of the top seat, and the support is located between the insulator and the busbar.
The invention arranges the insulator between the bracket and the top seat to ensure the electric insulation between the charged body and the ground,
further, the inner chamber diapire of above-mentioned proof box is equipped with the circular orbit with the locomotive contact complex, and the circular orbit includes: a straight line segment and a curved line segment which are connected.
The invention is convenient for truly simulating the constant speed state of the train by arranging the environmental track, and can fully simulate the whole running process of acceleration, deceleration, over-bending and the like of the train.
Furthermore, a centrifugal force adapter is arranged inside the moving vehicle and used for balancing the centrifugal force applied to the moving vehicle in the moving process.
According to the invention, the centrifugal force adapter is arranged for offsetting the centrifugal force generated when the moving vehicle runs on the curve, so that the influence of the centrifugal force on the friction and wear test structure is avoided.
Further, the cooler includes: the compressor and the condenser of being connected with controller communication respectively, the condenser is connected with the condenser pipe, and the condenser pipe is located the inner chamber of proof box.
The invention provides cold air through the compressor and the condenser, and the cold air is conveyed to the inner cavity of the test box through the condenser pipe, so that the inner cavity of the test box is cooled.
A test method of the current-carrying frictional wear experimental device for simulating the variable temperature environment comprises the following steps:
s1: setting the alternate working time of the heater and the cooler through a controller;
s2: setting relevant parameters of the motion mechanism and the suspension mechanism, and enabling the motion mechanism and the suspension mechanism to reach preset contact conditions;
s3: detecting the internal temperature of the test box through a thermometer, electrifying the suspension mechanism by an external power supply, and starting to move the movement mechanism;
s4: the steps S1 to S3 are repeated by changing the contact condition, the motion pattern, and the alternating operation time of the heater and the cooler.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the temperature control mechanism forms a cold and hot alternating environment in the inner cavity of the test box, the movement mechanism can move in the inner cavity of the test box, the suspension mechanism is fixed at the top of the inner cavity of the test box, and the cold and hot alternating temperature-changing current-carrying frictional wear test is performed through the relative movement of the movement mechanism and the suspension mechanism.
(2) The invention is convenient for truly simulating the constant speed state of the train by arranging the environmental track, and can fully simulate the whole running process of acceleration, deceleration, over-bending and the like of the train. The centrifugal force adapter is arranged for offsetting the centrifugal force generated when the moving vehicle runs on a curve, so that the influence of the centrifugal force on the friction and wear test structure is avoided, and the friction and wear condition between the moving mechanism and the suspension mechanism can be reversely analyzed according to the magnitude of the centrifugal force balance force generated by the centrifugal force adapter.
(3) The invention orderly carries out a temperature-changing current-carrying frictional wear test of cold and hot alternation through specific working steps, and can respectively adjust temperature-changing conditions, motion forms and contact regulation conditions, thereby realizing full simulation of the whole process of a train form.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a current-carrying frictional wear test device for simulating a temperature-varying environment according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the circular track and contact line of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the position of the condenser tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the movement mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a side view of the suspension mechanism of the present invention.
In the figure: 10-a test chamber; 11-an endless track; 111-straight line segment; 112-curve segment;
20-temperature control mechanism; 21-a controller; 22-a temperature detector; 23-a heater; 24-a temperature reducer; 241-a compressor; 242-a condenser; 243-a condenser tube;
30-a motion mechanism; 31-a mobile vehicle; 311-a centrifugal force adapter; 32-a lifter; 321-a lifting slide seat; 322-lifter group; 323-lifting sliding table; 324-a lift pump; 33-pantograph slide; 34-a clamp;
40-a suspension mechanism; 41-fixing the top frame; 411-top seat; 412-an insulator; 413-a scaffold; 42-a bus bar; 43-contact line; 44-fixed side frame.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, a current-carrying frictional wear test device for simulating a variable temperature environment includes: the device comprises a test box 10, a temperature control mechanism 20 connected with the test box 10, a movement mechanism 30 positioned at the bottom of an inner cavity of the test box 10 and a suspension mechanism 40 positioned at the top of the inner cavity of the test box.
The test box 10 is a closed box with a certain size, and a heat preservation interlayer is arranged on the inner wall surface of the box and used for preserving and insulating heat of an inner cavity of the box, so that the influence of the external environment temperature on the temperature of the inner cavity is avoided.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the temperature control mechanism 20 includes: a controller 21 positioned outside the test chamber 10, and a temperature detector 22, a heater 23 and a cooler 24 which are respectively connected with the controller 21 in a communication way. The controller 21 is an STM32 series single chip microcomputer, and writes a linkage control program in advance, so that intelligent linkage is realized with each component. The thermometer 22 extends into the inner cavity of the test chamber 10 and is used for detecting the temperature of the inner cavity of the test chamber 10 in real time. A heater 23 is also located in the interior chamber of test chamber 10 and includes a power supply and heating wires. The controller 21 can intelligently control the on-off of the power supply of the heater 23, so as to drive the heating wires to heat up and release or stop heating. The desuperheater 24 includes: the condenser 242 is connected with a condenser 243 extending into the inner cavity of the test box 10, the compressor 241 and the condenser 242 work in a matched mode to provide cold air, and the cold air is conveyed to the inner cavity of the test box 10 through the condenser 243, so that the inner cavity of the test box 10 is cooled in real time. The intelligent work of the temperature control mechanism 20 can provide a temperature-changing environment with alternating cold and heat for the inner cavity of the test box 10, so that the climate temperature change at the moment that the train exits the tunnel is fully simulated.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the movement mechanism 30 includes: the pantograph slide block 33 is in contact engagement with the suspension mechanism 40. The moving vehicle 31 can move on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the test box 10, so as to drive the pantograph slide block 33 and the suspension mechanism 40 to move relatively, thereby generating friction. The lifter 32 includes: a lifting slide seat 321 positioned on the top surface of the moving vehicle 31, a lifting rod group 322 with the bottom end matched with the top surface of the lifting slide seat 321 in a sliding way, a lifting sliding table 323 positioned on the top end of the lifting rod group 322, and a lifting pump 324 positioned between the lifting slide seat 321 and the lifting sliding table 323. The lifting rod set 322 is in X shape and hinged at the middle point, and the top end and the bottom end can adjust the relative angle between the rod pieces through sliding, thereby adjusting the height. The lifting pump 324 is used as a power source to drive the lifting rod group 322 to deform, so that the gap between the lifting sliding table 323 and the lifting sliding seat 321 is adjusted, and the height of the pantograph slide block 33 is adjusted; when the height of the lifter 32 is no longer raised, the lifter pump 324 may be continuously pressurized, thereby increasing the contact pressure of the pantograph slider 33 with the suspension mechanism 40. The top surface of the lifting slide table 323 is provided with the clamping piece 34, and the clamping piece 34 is contacted with both sides of the pantograph slider 33, so that the position of the pantograph slider 33 is limited and protected, and the side inclination of the pantograph slider in the process of being opposite to the suspension mechanism 40 is avoided. The movement of the lift pump 324 and the moving vehicle 31 may be controlled by a remote processing center, or both may be connected to the controller 21 in communication, and may be collectively scheduled by the controller 21.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the suspension mechanism 40 includes: a fixed top frame 41, a bus bar 42 positioned at the bottom end of the fixed top frame 41 and a contact line 43 arranged at the bottom end of the bus bar 42 are connected with the top wall of the inner cavity of the test box 10, and the contact line 43 is in contact fit with the pantograph slider 33. The two ends of the bus bar 42 are connected with the side wall of the test chamber 10 through the fixed side frame 44, and the bus bar 42 is fixed through the fixed top frame 41 and the fixed side frame 44, so that the position change of the bus bar 42 and the contact line 43 in the contact process with the pantograph slide block 33 is avoided.
The fixed upper frame 41 includes: a top base 411 connected to the test chamber 10, an insulator 412 at the bottom end of the top base 411, and a bracket 413 between the insulator 412 and the bus bar 42. The insulator 412 is arranged between the bracket 411 and the top seat 413, and is used for ensuring the electric insulation between the charged body and the ground and increasing the creepage distance. A bus bar clamp is arranged at the bottom end of the bracket 413 and used for clamping the bus bar 42, and a contact line clamp for clamping the contact line 43 is also arranged at the bottom end of the bus bar 42, so that the position stability of the bus bar 42 and the contact line 43 is ensured, and the easy position change of friction between the bus bar 42 and the pantograph slider 33 is avoided. The structure of the fixed side frame 44 is similar to that of the fixed top frame 41, thereby ensuring insulation safety.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the test chamber 10 is provided with an annular rail 10 in contact fit with the moving vehicle 31, and the annular rail 10 comprises: the straight line segment 111 and the curve segment 112 which are connected are convenient for truly simulating the constant speed state of the train, and can also fully simulate the whole running process of acceleration, deceleration, over-bending and the like of the train. The inside of locomotive 31 is equipped with centrifugal force adapter 311, and centrifugal force adapter 311 includes sensing part and application of force portion, and sensing part is used for the centrifugal force size that the response locomotive 31 received, and application of force portion is used for exerting the equilibrium force of the centrifugal force that receives to the centrifugal force that receives to moving the in-process to locomotive 31 balances, offsets locomotive 31 and goes on the bend produced centrifugal force, avoids centrifugal force to produce the influence to the friction and wear test structure.
A test method of the current-carrying frictional wear experimental device for simulating the variable temperature environment comprises the following steps:
s1: setting the alternate working time of the heater 23 and the cooler 24 by the controller 21;
s2: setting relevant parameters of the motion mechanism 30 and the suspension mechanism 40, and enabling the two to reach preset contact conditions; mainly including the lifting pressure and the pressurizing stroke of the lifting pump 324, and the contact force between the pantograph slider 33 and the contact line 43 and the contact force variation curve.
S3: detecting the internal temperature of the test box 10 by the temperature detector 22, electrifying the suspension mechanism 40 by an external power supply, and simultaneously starting to move the movement mechanism 30; the trolley 31 is continuously moved along the endless track 11, keeping the pantograph slider 33 in continuous contact with the contact line 43, while the centrifugal force adaptor 311 starts to operate.
S4: the steps S1 to S3 are repeated by changing the contact condition, the motion pattern, and the alternate operating time of the heater 23 and the cooler 24. Finally, the numerical variations of the various components can be analyzed and the degree of wear of the pantograph slider 33 and of the contact line 43 detected.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a current-carrying friction wear test device of simulation alternating temperature environment which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a test box (10), a temperature control mechanism (20) connected with the test box (10), a movement mechanism (30) positioned at the bottom of an inner cavity of the test box (10) and a suspension mechanism (40) positioned at the top of the inner cavity of the test box (10);
the temperature control mechanism (20) includes: the device comprises a controller (21), and a temperature detector (22), a heater (23) and a cooler (24) which are respectively in communication connection with the controller (21), wherein the temperature detector (22), the heater (23) and the cooler (24) respectively extend to an inner cavity of the test box (10);
the motion mechanism (30) is in contact fit with the suspension mechanism (40).
2. The current-carrying frictional wear test device for simulating variable temperature environments according to claim 1, wherein the moving mechanism (30) comprises: the pantograph type suspension mechanism comprises a moving vehicle (31), a lifter (32) positioned at the top of the moving vehicle (31) and a pantograph slider (33) arranged on the top surface of the lifter (32), wherein the pantograph slider (33) is in contact fit with the suspension mechanism (40).
3. The current-carrying frictional wear test device for simulating variable temperature environments according to claim 2, wherein the lifter (32) comprises: be located lift slide (321), the bottom of locomotive (31) top surface with lift slide (321) top surface sliding fit's lifter group (322), be located lift slip table (323) on lifter group (322) top and be located lift pump (324) between lift slide (321) and lift slip table (323), lifter group (322) are the X type to midpoint department is articulated, the top surface of lift slip table (323) with pantograph slider (33) contact.
4. The current-carrying frictional wear test device for simulating variable temperature environments according to claim 3, wherein a clamping piece (34) is arranged on the top surface of the lifting sliding table (323), and the clamping piece (34) is in contact with two sides of the pantograph slider (33).
5. The current-carrying frictional wear test device and the test method thereof for simulating a temperature-changing environment according to claim 3, wherein the suspension mechanism (40) comprises: the testing box comprises a fixed top frame (41) connected with the top wall of an inner cavity of the testing box (10), a bus bar (42) located at the bottom end of the fixed top frame (41), and a contact line (43) arranged at the bottom end of the bus bar (42), wherein two ends of the bus bar (42) are connected with the side wall of the testing box (10) through a fixed side frame (44), and the contact line (43) is in contact fit with the pantograph slider (33).
6. The current-carrying frictional wear test device for simulating variable temperature environments according to claim 5, wherein the fixed top frame (41) comprises: the device comprises a top seat (411) connected with the test box (10), an insulator (412) positioned at the bottom end of the top seat (411), and a support (413) positioned between the insulator (412) and the bus bar (42).
7. The current-carrying frictional wear test device for simulating variable temperature environments according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the test box (10) is provided with an annular rail (11) in contact fit with the moving vehicle (31), and the annular rail (11) comprises: a straight line segment (111) and a curved line segment (112) connected.
8. The current-carrying frictional wear test device for simulating temperature changing environment according to claim 7, wherein a centrifugal force adapter (311) is disposed inside the moving vehicle (31), and the centrifugal force adapter (311) is used for balancing the centrifugal force applied to the moving vehicle (31) during moving.
9. The current-carrying frictional wear test device for simulating variable temperature environments according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the temperature reducer (24) comprises: the device comprises a compressor (241) and a condenser (242) which are respectively in communication connection with the controller (21), wherein a condensation pipe (243) is connected to the condenser (242), and the condensation pipe (243) is located in an inner cavity of the test box (10).
10. A method for testing a current-carrying and current-carrying frictional wear experimental device for simulating a variable temperature environment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
s1: setting, by the controller (21), alternate operating times of the heater (23) and the desuperheater (24);
s2: setting relevant parameters of the motion mechanism (30) and the suspension mechanism (40) and enabling the motion mechanism and the suspension mechanism to reach preset contact conditions;
s3: detecting the internal temperature of the test box (10) through the thermometer (22), electrifying the suspension mechanism (40) by an external power supply, and simultaneously starting to move the movement mechanism (30);
s4: repeating steps S1 to S3 by changing the contact conditions and the alternating operating time of the heater (23) and the desuperheater (24).
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| CN202210225579.6A CN114577651B (en) | 2022-03-07 | 2022-03-07 | Current-carrying frictional wear test device and method for simulating variable-temperature environment |
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| CN202210225579.6A CN114577651B (en) | 2022-03-07 | 2022-03-07 | Current-carrying frictional wear test device and method for simulating variable-temperature environment |
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