CN114577435B - Unidirectional non-sand-accumulation gradient sand collector based on sound wave conversion - Google Patents
Unidirectional non-sand-accumulation gradient sand collector based on sound wave conversion Download PDFInfo
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- CN114577435B CN114577435B CN202210396697.3A CN202210396697A CN114577435B CN 114577435 B CN114577435 B CN 114577435B CN 202210396697 A CN202210396697 A CN 202210396697A CN 114577435 B CN114577435 B CN 114577435B
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Abstract
The invention provides a unidirectional non-sand-accumulation gradient sand collector based on sound wave conversion, and relates to the technical field of sand collectors. The sand collector comprises collecting pipelines, sound wave amplifiers, a wind speed sensor and a processor, wherein each collecting pipeline comprises a horizontal section and a vertical section which are mutually communicated, the sound wave amplifiers are arranged inside each collecting pipeline, and are used for bearing the impact of sand particles in wind sand flow and converting sound waves generated by the impact into electric signals; the wind speed sensor is used for detecting the speed of the wind sand flow entering the collecting pipeline; the processor is used for counting the electric signals to form a sound wave spectrum, counting the quantity a of the sand grains entering the collecting pipeline and the mass M of the single sand grains according to the sound wave spectrum and the speed, and calculating the total mass M of the sand grains according to the quantity a and the mass M. The sand collector can utilize sand grains to strike the sound wave that produces, and the quantity and the quality of statistics sand grains realize automatic record collection convenient to use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sand collectors, in particular to a unidirectional non-sand-accumulation gradient sand collector based on sound wave conversion.
Background
Desertification has become one of the environmental issues that is currently of great concern. In regions with severe desertification, wind erosion of soil or sand often occurs due to the action of wind. The research on the influence of wind erosion on the ground surface is mainly characterized by mastering the rules of the movement of the sand blown by the wind, such as the sand conveying rate, the structural characteristics of the sand blown by the wind in the vertical direction, the relation between the total sand conveying amount and the time and the wind speed, and the like. The sand collector is used as a main instrument for collecting the movement data of the sand particles on the earth surface, and becomes an indispensable tool in the field of research on sand disasters.
The existing sand collector generally collects the transported sand grains by utilizing containers such as a collecting box, a barrel, a bag and the like, and then manually brings the sand grains back to the container for weighing to obtain data.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a unidirectional non-sand-accumulation gradient sand collector based on sound wave conversion, which can count the quantity and quality of sand grains by using sound waves generated by beating the sand grains, realizes automatic recording and collection and is convenient to use.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:
the invention provides a unidirectional non-sand-accumulation type gradient sand collector based on sound wave conversion, which comprises:
the collecting pipelines comprise a horizontal section and a vertical section which are mutually communicated, the horizontal section is arranged along the vertical direction, the vertical section is arranged along the horizontal direction, the end part of the horizontal section is provided with an air inlet, and the end part of the vertical section is provided with an air outlet;
the sound wave amplifiers are arranged inside each collecting pipeline and used for bearing the impact of sand particles in the sand flow and converting sound waves generated by the impact into electric signals;
the wind speed sensor is used for detecting the speed of the wind sand flow entering the collecting pipeline;
and the processor is electrically connected with the sound wave amplifier and the wind speed sensor, and is used for counting electric signals to form a sound wave spectrum, counting the quantity a of the sand particles entering the acquisition pipeline and the mass M of the single sand particles according to the sound wave spectrum and the speed, and calculating the total mass M of the sand particles according to the quantity a and the mass M.
In optional embodiment, horizontal segment and vertical section are the rectangular pipe, and a plurality of horizontal segments contact in proper order along vertical direction and stack, and a plurality of vertical sections are arranged along the horizontal direction interval.
In an alternative embodiment, the sound wave amplifier is plate-shaped, and the sound wave amplifier is vertically arranged and connected at the joint of the horizontal section and the vertical section.
In an alternative embodiment, the end surface area of the acoustic wave amplifier is larger than the cross-sectional area of the horizontal section.
In an optional embodiment, the unidirectional non-sand-accumulation gradient sand collector based on acoustic wave conversion further comprises:
the weighing sensor is arranged at the air outlet;
the sand collecting box is connected to the weighing sensor and used for collecting sand particles entering the collecting pipeline;
the device comprises a weighing sensor, a processor and a controller, wherein the weighing sensor is used for detecting the mass M1 of sand grains in a sand collection box, and the processor is used for judging that the total mass M is not counted correctly and restarting to collect statistics under the condition that the error between the total mass M and the mass M1 exceeds a preset range; and the method is also used for judging that the total mass M is correct in statistics and storing data under the condition that the error between the total mass M and the mass M1 does not exceed a preset range.
In an alternative embodiment, the sandbox includes:
the side wall is connected to the weighing sensor and is a reticular plate, and the diameter of the meshes on the side wall is smaller than the minimum diameter of the sand grains;
the electric bottom door is connected to the bottom of the side wall, and the processor controls the electric bottom door to open and discharge sand grains in the sand collection box under the condition that the mass detected by the weighing sensor exceeds a preset maximum value.
In an alternative embodiment, the motorized bottom door is driven by a motor, which is controlled by a processor.
In an optional embodiment, the unidirectional non-sand-accumulation gradient sand collector based on acoustic wave conversion further comprises:
the support is used for supporting on ground, and collection pipeline fixed mounting is on the support, and the height of electronic bottom door exceeds at least 30cm for the bottom of support.
In an alternative embodiment, the processor is configured to derive the number of sand particles a from the number of peaks b of the acoustic wave pattern, and to derive the mass m of a single sand particle from the amplitude a and velocity of a single peak of the acoustic wave pattern.
In an alternative embodiment, the number of peaks b of the acoustic wave pattern is equal to the number of sand particles a, and the amplitude a of a single peak is positively correlated to the energy P of a single sand particle.
The unidirectional non-sand-accumulation type gradient sand collector based on sound wave conversion provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the sound wave enlargers are installed inside each collecting pipeline, the sound wave sensors can convert sound waves generated by sand impact into electric signals, the processors count the electric signals to form sound wave patterns, wherein the number of wave crests in the sound wave patterns can reflect the number of sand grains, the amplitude of the wave crests in the sound wave patterns can reflect the energy of the sand grains, and the mass of a single sand grain can be calculated through the energy of the sand grains, so that the total mass of the sand grains impacting the sound wave enlargers in a specific time period can be calculated, and the sand collector has the function of a sand collector;
2. the horizontal sections of the plurality of collecting pipelines are arranged along the vertical direction, and the total mass of sand grains in the sand flow at different heights can be counted, so that the variation trend of the total mass of the sand grains along with the height is analyzed, and more useful indexes are provided for the sand research.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a unidirectional non-sand-accumulation gradient sand collector based on acoustic wave conversion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
An icon: 100-a unidirectional non-sand-accumulation gradient sand collector based on sound wave conversion; 110-a scaffold; 120-a collection pipe; 121-horizontal segment; 122-a vertical section; 130-a sand collection box; 131-a side wall; 132-a power bottom door; 133-a motor; 140-a sound wave amplifier; 150-a wind speed sensor; 160-a load cell; 170-a processor; 180-solar panel; 190-accumulator jar.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined or explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings or that the product of the present invention is used as it is, this is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and it does not indicate or imply that the device or the element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a unidirectional sand accumulation-free gradient sand collector 100 based on acoustic wave conversion, where the unidirectional sand accumulation-free gradient sand collector 100 based on acoustic wave conversion includes a bracket 110, a collecting pipe 120, a sand collecting box 130, an acoustic wave amplifier 140, a wind speed sensor 150, a weighing sensor 160, a processor 170, a solar panel 180, and a storage battery 190.
The support 110 is used for supporting on the ground, and the collecting pipe 120 is fixedly installed on the support 110.
The number of the collecting pipelines 120 is multiple, each collecting pipeline 120 comprises a horizontal section 121 and a vertical section 122 which are communicated with each other, the horizontal sections 121 are arranged along the vertical direction, the vertical sections 122 are arranged along the horizontal direction, the end parts of the horizontal sections 121 are provided with air inlets, and the end parts of the vertical sections 122 are provided with air outlets. Specifically, horizontal segment 121 and vertical section 122 are the rectangular pipe, and a plurality of horizontal segments 121 contact in proper order along vertical direction and stack, like this, can count out the total mass of the sand grain in the different height departments sand storm flows to the total mass that the analysis goes out the sand grain is along with the trend of change of height, provides more useful indexes for the sand storm research.
And a sound wave amplifier 140 installed inside each collecting pipe 120 for receiving the impact of sand particles in the sand flow and converting sound waves generated by the impact into electrical signals. Specifically, the acoustic wave amplifier 140 is plate-shaped, and the acoustic wave amplifier 140 is vertically disposed and connected to a junction of the horizontal section 121 and the vertical section 122. The plurality of vertical sections 122 are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction, so that a gap is formed between every two adjacent vertical sections 122, sand particles enter one collecting pipeline 120 and collide the inner walls of the sound wave expanders 140 and the vertical sections 122, the sound wave expanders 140 and the vertical sections 122 can vibrate and make sound, the adjacent vertical sections 122 and the sound wave expanders 140 inside the adjacent vertical sections 122 cannot be influenced, and the detection accuracy of each sound wave expander 140 is improved.
The area of the end surface of the sound wave amplifier 140 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the horizontal section 121. Therefore, the sand entering the horizontal section 121 can completely impact the end face of the sound wave amplifier 140, and the accuracy of the sound wave amplifier 140 in sand counting is improved.
The processor 170 is electrically connected with the sound wave amplifier 140, and the processor 170 is configured to count the electrical signals to form a sound wave pattern, count the number a of sand particles entering the collection pipe 120 and the mass M of a single sand particle according to the sound wave pattern and the speed, and calculate the total mass M of the sand particles according to the number a and the mass M.
Specifically, the processor 170 is configured to obtain the number a of the sand grains according to the number b of the peaks of the acoustic wave spectrum. That is, the number of peaks b in the acoustic wave pattern reflects the number of sand particles a, and a sand particle striking the acoustic wave expander 140 forms a peak, so that the number of peaks b in the acoustic wave pattern is equal to the number of sand particles a.
The processor 170 is further configured to obtain the energy P of a single sand particle according to the amplitude a of a single peak of the acoustic wave spectrum, and obtain the mass m of the single sand particle according to the energy P of the single sand particle. That is, the amplitudes a of the peaks formed when the sand particles with different energies collide with the sound wave expander 140 are different, so that the amplitude a of a single peak of the sound wave pattern reflects the energy P of a single sand particle, and specifically, the amplitude a of a single peak is positively correlated with the energy P of a single sand particle. Furthermore, the energy P of a single sand is proportional to the mass M of a single sand, so that the mass M of a single sand can be calculated, and the number a of sand has been calculated before, so that the total mass M of sand can be calculated.
Wherein, the calculation formula of the mass m of the single sand particle is as follows:
m＝P/v
in the formula, v is the speed of sand, the speed of sand is equal to the speed of sand flow, the wind speed collecting sensor is electrically connected with the processor 170, and the wind speed collecting sensor is used for collecting the speed of sand flow.
The calculation formula of the total mass M of the sand grains is as follows:
M＝m1+m2+…+mn
in the formula, m1 and m2 of 8230n and mn are respectively the mass of n sand particles.
The sand collecting box 130 comprises a side wall 131 and a power-driven bottom door 132, wherein the side wall 131 is connected to the weighing sensor 160, the side wall 131 is a mesh plate, and the diameter of meshes on the side wall 131 is smaller than the minimum diameter of sand grains, so that the air in the sand collecting box 130 can be automatically exhausted, and only the sand grains in the sand collecting box 130 are kept.
The electric bottom door 132 is connected to the bottom of the sidewall 131, and the processor 170 controls the electric bottom door 132 to open and discharge sand in the sand box 130 when the mass detected by the load cell 160 exceeds a preset maximum value, wherein the electric bottom door 132 is driven by the motor 133, and the motor 133 is controlled by the processor 170. Thus, the need of manual work to discharge sand in the sand collecting box 130 is avoided, the sand collecting box 130 can be used for a long time, and the automation and convenience of the unidirectional non-sand-accumulation gradient sand collector 100 based on sound wave conversion are improved.
To ensure that the power bottom door 132 of the sand box 130 is fully opened and smoothly discharges sand, the height of the power bottom door 132 is set to be at least 30cm higher than the bottom end of the bracket 110.
The solar panel 180, the accumulator 190 and the processor 170 are electrically connected in sequence, the solar panel 180 is used for converting solar energy into electric energy and storing the electric energy in the accumulator 190, and the accumulator 190 is used for supplying power to the processor 170. Thus, even if the unidirectional sand accumulation-free gradient sand collector 100 based on sound wave conversion is installed in the field for use, the self-acquisition and self-sufficiency of electric energy can be realized through the solar panel 180 and the storage battery 190, which is beneficial to the long-term stable use of the unidirectional sand accumulation-free gradient sand collector 100 based on sound wave conversion.
Of course, in other embodiments, the processor 170 may be provided with an external plug for connecting to a power source to obtain power.
The unidirectional non-sand-accumulation gradient sand collector 100 based on sound wave conversion provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the sound wave enlargers 140 are installed inside each collecting pipeline 120, sound waves generated by sand impact can be converted into electric signals by the sound wave sensors, the electric signals are counted by the processor 170 to form a sound wave map, wherein the number of wave crests in the sound wave map can reflect the number of sand grains, the amplitude of the wave crests in the sound wave map can reflect the energy of the sand grains, and the mass of a single sand grain can be calculated through the energy of the sand grain, so that the total mass of the sand grains impacting the sound wave enlargers 140 in a specific time period can be calculated, and the function of the sand collector is achieved;
2. the horizontal sections 121 of the plurality of collecting pipelines 120 are arranged in the vertical direction, and the total mass of sand particles in the sand flow at different heights can be counted, so that the variation trend of the total mass of the sand particles along with the height is analyzed, and more useful indexes are provided for the sand research;
3. the bottom of the collecting pipeline 120 is provided with a weighing sensor 160 and a sand collecting box 130, the sand collecting box 130 is provided with an electric bottom door 132, the weighing sensor 160 detects the mass M1 of sand grains in the sand collecting box 130, the processor 170 checks the total mass M of the sand grains detected by the sound wave amplifier 140, the processor 170 discards the total mass M of the sand grains with larger errors and reserves the total mass M of the sand grains with more accurate statistics, the total mass M of the sand grains finally obtained by the processor 170 is more accurate, and the detection precision of the single-direction sand-accumulation-free gradient sand collector 100 based on sound wave conversion is improved.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The unidirectional non-sand-accumulation type gradient sand collector based on sound wave conversion is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
the device comprises a plurality of collecting pipelines (120), wherein each collecting pipeline (120) comprises a horizontal section (121) and a vertical section (122) which are communicated with each other, the horizontal sections (121) are arranged along the vertical direction, the vertical sections (122) are arranged along the horizontal direction, an air inlet is formed in the end part of each horizontal section (121), and an air outlet is formed in the end part of each vertical section (122);
the sound wave expanders (140) are installed inside each collecting pipeline (120), the sound wave expanders (140) are used for bearing impact of sand particles in wind sand flow and converting sound waves generated by the impact into electric signals, the sound wave expanders (140) are plate-shaped, the sound wave expanders (140) are vertically arranged and connected to the joint of the horizontal section (121) and the vertical section (122), and the area of the end surface of each sound wave expander (140) is larger than the area of the cross section of the horizontal section (121);
a wind speed sensor (150) for detecting the speed of the sand flow entering the collection pipe (120);
a processor (170), electrically connected to the sound wave amplifier (140) and the wind speed sensor (150), wherein the processor (170) is configured to count the electrical signals, form a sound wave pattern, count the number a of sand particles entering the collection pipe (120) and the mass M of a single sand particle according to the sound wave pattern and the speed, and calculate the total mass M of the sand particle according to the number a and the mass M, wherein the number b of peaks of the sound wave pattern is equal to the number a of the sand particles, the amplitude a of a single peak is positively correlated to the energy P of a single sand particle, and the calculation formula of the mass M of a single sand particle is: m = P/v, where v is the velocity of the sand, which is equal to the velocity of the stream of aeolian sand, the calculation formula of the total mass M of said sand being: m = M1+ M2+ \8230and + mn, wherein M1 and M2 \8230arerepresented by the mass of n sand particles.
2. The unidirectional non-accumulated-sand gradient sand collector based on sound wave conversion according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal sections (121) and the vertical sections (122) are rectangular tubes, the horizontal sections (121) are sequentially in contact and stacked along a vertical direction, and the vertical sections (122) are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction.
3. The acoustic-conversion-based unidirectional non-sand-accumulation gradient sand trap of claim 1, further comprising:
a load cell (160) mounted at the outlet;
the sand collecting box (130) is connected to the weighing sensor (160), and the sand collecting box (130) is used for collecting sand grains entering the collecting pipeline (120);
wherein the load cell (160) is configured to detect a mass M1 of the sand particles in the sand trap (130), and the processor (170) is configured to determine that the total mass M is not statistically correct and resume collecting statistics if an error between the total mass M and the mass M1 exceeds a preset range; and the method is also used for judging that the total mass M is correct in statistics and storing data under the condition that the error between the total mass M and the mass M1 does not exceed a preset range.
4. The acoustic-conversion-based unidirectional non-sand-accumulation gradient sand trap according to claim 3, wherein the sand trap (130) comprises:
the side wall (131) is connected to the weighing sensor (160), the side wall (131) is a mesh plate, and the diameter of meshes on the side wall (131) is smaller than the minimum diameter of the sand grains;
and the electric bottom door (132) is connected to the bottom of the side wall (131), and the processor (170) controls the electric bottom door (132) to open and discharge sand particles in the sand collecting box (130) under the condition that the mass detected by the weighing sensor (160) exceeds a preset maximum value.
5. The acoustic-conversion-based unidirectional non-accumulative sand gradient sand trap as claimed in claim 4, wherein the motorized bottom door (132) is driven by a motor (133), and the motor (133) is controlled by the processor (170).
6. The acoustic-conversion-based unidirectional non-sand-accumulation gradient sand trap according to claim 5, further comprising:
the collecting pipe (120) is fixedly arranged on the support (110), and the height of the electric bottom door (132) is at least 30cm higher than the bottom end of the support (110).
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| CN114577435A (en) | 2022-06-03 |
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