CN114577331A - Application of sensor preparation liquid in cable defect treatment - Google Patents
Application of sensor preparation liquid in cable defect treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114577331A CN114577331A CN202210199240.3A CN202210199240A CN114577331A CN 114577331 A CN114577331 A CN 114577331A CN 202210199240 A CN202210199240 A CN 202210199240A CN 114577331 A CN114577331 A CN 114577331A
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H11/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
- G01H11/06—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
- G01H11/08—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means using piezoelectric devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
Abstract
The invention provides an application of a sensor preparation solution in cable defect treatment, which comprises the following main chemical components of piezoelectric powder, a magnetic sensitive material, organic silicon, epoxy resin and a binder; the volume percentage of the chemical components is 5-50% of piezoelectric powder, 1-30% of epoxy resin, 5-15% of magnetic sensitive material, 20-50% of organic silicon and 1-10% of adhesive. Through the mixing of the high-frequency magnetic material and the piezoelectric material and the action of a high-frequency magnetic field, the functions of uniform permeation, dust removal and descaling of the preparation liquid in the cable are realized, and the problems that a wire core oxide layer, an insulating layer, discharge omission impurities and carbon deposition particle accumulation are not fully considered in the existing cable aging and repairing process are solved; meanwhile, the sensor can be used as a cable sensor, detection signal transmission is realized by using a conducting wire in a cable, namely, a typical electromagnetic coupling and surface acoustic wave composite sensor is formed by combining electromagnetic coupling and a mechanical-electrical signal conversion technology of a piezoelectric material, and the sensor can be used as an analog sensor and a digital sensor.
Description
The application is a division of 2019.12.23, CN201911333758.6, entitled "preparation liquid for sensor and application thereof".
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of materials, relates to application of a sensor preparation solution in cable defect treatment, and particularly relates to application of a cable type sensor preparation solution in cable defect treatment.
Background
At present, the sensors are widely applied to the aspects of gas, pressure, ultrasonic wave and vibration, and various micro thin film sensors begin to appear along with the popularization of integrated circuit processes, and are widely applied to the industrial and civil economic fields.
However, another gap exists in the direction of the current sensor based on the piezoelectric material, that is, when the space of the monitoring area is narrow or the monitoring area is large, the sensor prepared by the existing pressure material often cannot meet the actual requirement.
And traditional piezoelectric cable is only a coaxial structure's single core cable, piezoelectric material between its sinle silk, but have thicker insulating layer between sinle silk and the shielding metal level, operating frequency is narrow, self flexibility is poor, only can respond the deformation that heavy pound pressure leads to, make current piezoelectric cable can only be used for the great (tens kilograms of several hundreds of kilograms) low frequency occasion of pressure numerical value, like human ground invasion, ground pressure's such as car safety inspection detection's detection, and can't be used for detecting the gap as high sensitivity's sensor, high-frequency vibration, temperature etc..
A typical application of this patent is: for monitoring a long and narrow area, for example, internal defect monitoring of a bridge, a plurality of installation points need to be arranged on the existing miniature sensor, or the optimal monitoring positions need to be considered to save the number of sensor arrangement points, which is obviously not a very effective solution, because the number of the sensors is large, the problems of mutual cooperation between the sensors and mutual interference of networking and information are inevitably generated, and if the monitoring points are dense, the sensors in some areas do not work or work abnormally, the monitoring result can be misjudged.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a sensor preparation liquid and provide application of the sensor preparation liquid.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a sensor preparation liquid mainly comprises the chemical components of piezoelectric powder, a magnetic sensitive material, organic silicon, epoxy resin and a binder; the volume percentage of the chemical components is 5-50% of piezoelectric powder, 1-30% of epoxy resin, 5-15% of magnetic sensitive material, 20-50% of organic silicon and 1-10% of adhesive.
The epoxy resin is alicyclic epoxy resin.
The piezoelectric powder is formed by mixing one or more of quartz, lithium niobate, lithium pyroborate, lithium cholate, bismuth germanate, barium titanate, lanthanum gallium silicate, potassium niobate, lead zirconate titanate, potassium sodium niobate, potassium sodium metaniobate, strontium barium metaniobate, lead magnesium niobate zirconate titanate, lead lithium niobium zirconate titanate, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, polyvinylidene fluoride and polyvinyl chloride;
the magnetic sensitive material is one of soft magnetic ferrite, manganese zinc ferrite, cobalt ferrite, iron silicon aluminum, nickel-zinc ferrite, nickel zinc ferrite and manganese magnesium zinc ferrite;
the organic silicon is one or more of silane coupling agent, vinyl silane, amino silane, methacryloxy silane, room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber and silicone resin.
At present, sensors based on piezoelectric materials are widely applied to the aspects of gas, pressure, ultrasonic waves and vibration, but the sensors prepared by the existing pressure materials cannot meet the actual requirements. The sensor preparation liquid disclosed by the invention not only contains piezoelectric powder, but also comprises a magnetic sensitive material, and a typical electromagnetic coupling and surface acoustic wave composite sensor can be prepared by using the material by using the combination of electromagnetic coupling and a mechanical-electrical signal conversion technology of the piezoelectric material.
In order to improve the performance of the sensor, the epoxy resin used in the application adopts alicyclic epoxy resin, and the epoxy resin has higher compressive and tensile strength; the high-temperature-resistant rubber can still keep good mechanical property after being exposed to high temperature for a long time; the arc resistance, the ultraviolet light aging resistance and the weather resistance are good.
The invention also provides application of the sensor preparation liquid in a cable sensor.
The sensor preparation liquid is adopted to prepare a cable type sensor, and the cable type sensor consists of a cable with a cable core and a sheath and the sensor preparation liquid:
the cable is a single-core cable, a multi-core cable, a leakage cable, a feeder cable, a silica gel tube cable or a polyurethane tube cable;
the sinle silk is for exposing or take insulating parcel sinle silk, miniature PCB printed copper line, interdigital electrode.
The cable type sensor prepared from the sensor preparation liquid can flexibly stretch and retract, can be used for long and narrow area and three-dimensional monitoring equipment, and can also be used for monitoring application in a plane wide area, so that the application range is effectively expanded.
The preparation method of the cable sensor comprises the following steps: and adding the sensor preparation liquid between the sheath and the wire core of the cable in a filling, sealing, spraying or filling mode, and curing the sensor preparation liquid to form the cable type sensor.
The cable sensor has the following advantages:
firstly, the external shape problem of the sensor in the plane or narrow area monitoring work is solved, the state monitoring of equipment along the cable can be realized by linearly laying the sensor according to the field condition, the cable can also be bent to form a wider covering surface, the surface monitoring purpose is achieved, and the problems of matching, complex power supply and installation reliability caused by the arrangement of a plurality of sensors are avoided.
Secondly, the structure of the wire core in the preparation of the liquid curing material is utilized, and the three-dimensional surface acoustic wave and the electromagnetic induction principle are combined, so that the good detection sensitivity is realized. For example, when a single-core structure is adopted, when signals are injected into two ends of the wire core, an electromagnetic field effect can generate induced voltage around the wire core, and the induced voltage and the piezoelectric material form electro-mechanical conversion to generate a vibration signal. The vibration signal is transmitted in the cable sensor, and when the cable sensor encounters external pressure or other vibration signals, the vibration frequency in the cable sensor is changed, so that the mechanical-electrical conversion frequency of the vibration-electrical signal is changed, and the amplitude and the frequency of the electrical signal fed back to the wire core are changed.
The cable sensor can be used for the working mode of active state driven digital frequency measurement and can also be used for monitoring output of a passive state, so that the cable sensor has higher flexibility. The cable sensor structure realized by utilizing the electromagnetic induction and electromechanical coupling principles has the characteristics of analog quantity output and digital quantity output, and can be realized in an analog mode of measuring output voltage or a digital mode of measuring the frequency of an output signal.
The cable sensor can be used as a digital sensor, an analog sensor or a wireless sensor:
1) digital sensor: injecting a voltage signal into the cable sensor, wherein the frequency is f 1; testing the feedback voltage reflection signal or current feedback signal with frequency f 2; comparing and analyzing the frequency of the input voltage signal and the frequency of the feedback current signal or the voltage reflection signal (delta f is f1-f2), and obtaining the working state of the cable sensor according to the value of the delta f;
2) simulating a sensor: and (3) testing voltage signals of the wires in the cable sensor: the cable type sensor is of a single-core cable structure and is used for testing voltage signals at two ends of a wire core; the cable type sensor is a multi-core cable and is used for testing voltage signals on two sides of any single-core cable or voltage signals between two core conductors; calculating according to the voltage signal to obtain signal intensity and frequency;
3) the wireless sensor: making the cable sensor into spiral, tubular, U-shaped, J-shaped or fishbone shape; when the cable sensor works, the electric signal converted from the internal ultrasonic wave or vibration signal is transmitted and transmitted to the outside through the wire core; and after the remote end receives the wireless signal transmitted by the cable sensor, the working state signal of the cable sensor is obtained by the method 2) or 3).
The invention realizes the transmission of detection signals by using the conducting wire in the cable, is essentially a combination of electromagnetic coupling and a mechanical-electrical signal conversion technology of piezoelectric materials, is a typical electromagnetic coupling and acoustic surface wave composite sensor, and can be used as an analog sensor and a digital sensor.
In particular, the cable sensor of the present invention can be used for condition monitoring of a power cable, preferably, for monitoring of bulging and discharge of a middle joint of the power cable.
The invention also provides application of the sensor preparation liquid in cable defect treatment.
The defect treatment method of the cable comprises the following steps:
1) injecting titanium dioxide, titanium catalyst or silicon titanium catalyst into the cable which needs defect treatment or needs defect prevention to clean impurities in the cable;
2) applying a high-frequency single-frequency voltage signal with bias voltage, a frequency-sweep voltage signal or a frequency-modulated signal to the cable; the bias voltage accounts for 1% -49%;
3) injecting a sensor preparation liquid into a wire core, an armor layer, a shielding layer or a sheath layer of the cable;
4) under the action of high-frequency voltage, a high-frequency electromagnetic field and a bias voltage are generated to generate a direct-current polarized electric field which is electromagnetically coupled with a magnetosensitive material in the sensor preparation liquid, so that a uniform high-frequency electromagnetic field is rapidly generated in a cable core;
5) under the combined action of the high-frequency electromagnetic field and the high-frequency current, the piezoelectric material generates electric-mechanical conversion to generate a vibration signal or an ultrasonic signal, so that carbon deposit, dust, microorganisms or dirt on an oxide layer and an insulating layer of the wire core is stripped, and the vibration signal also promotes the uniform penetration of the preparation liquid in the cable body.
And 3) adding a positive charge sacrificial agent or a negative charge sacrificial agent when the sensor preparation solution is injected in the step 3).
Under the action of an alternating current electric field, the piezoelectric material continuously generates the electromechanical conversion to decompose the water molecules, and the water molecules are decomposed into hydroxide: when a positive charge sacrificial agent, such as sodium sulfite, is added, the products of water decomposition are hydrogen and hydroxide; when a negatively charged sacrificial agent is added, water will decompose into oxygen and hydroxide.
In particular, the cable defect management method can be used for defect management of novel power cable production (intelligent sensing, aging resistance and the like), defect prevention key technology in the cable intermediate joint manufacturing process, reliability improvement of waste cables, recycling of waste cables, intelligent upgrading and transformation of cable intermediate joints or explosion-proof boxes, rust removal of sheath layers, microorganism removal and the like.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the preparation method of the cable sensor realizes an economic and reliable solution scheme of using the cable as the sensor and simultaneously realizes a defect treatment scheme of the cable, and the defect treatment scheme has the following advantages:
(1) through programmed distributed treatment, the problem that in the existing cable aging repair scheme, the repair liquid is used as a modulated chemical finished product, so that impurities and the repair liquid can be chemically reacted and stay in the cable is solved;
(2) through the mixing of the high-frequency magnetic material and the piezoelectric material and the action of a high-frequency magnetic field, the uniform permeation and dust removal functions of the preparation liquid in the cable are realized, and the problem that impurities are omitted due to the discharge of a wire core oxidation layer and an insulating layer which are not fully considered in the existing cable aging repair process is solved;
(3) after the preparation is realized, the magnetic and piezoelectric materials are reserved inside the cable, and the cable can be used as power or information communication equipment and can also be used as a sensor, so that the later maintenance is facilitated;
(4) experiments prove that under the working voltage, the continuous action of the internal piezoelectric material and the magnetic-sensitive material is realized, the result of the cable insulation protective layer and the cable core is optimized, the tiny particles are stopped in the cable core gap, the particles are prevented from entering the insulation layer to damage, the tiny gap in the cable insulation layer generates micro-vibration, the discharging residue is automatically separated, a better elastic coefficient is kept, and the gap self-recovery action is generated.
(5) The cable is suitable for improving the reliability of a cable with defects, carbon deposition and impurities in the cable can be removed through ultrasonic waves or micro-vibration, a high-frequency bias electric field and preparation liquid are combined to neutralize with moisture, meanwhile, the structure of the internal electric field can be optimized, the loss of the cable is reduced, and the corrosion resistance and the ageing resistance are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-wire cable sensor;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a three-wire cable sensor;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a flex cable sensor;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bending cable sensor for bridge vibration monitoring;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cable sensor for temperature sensing;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cable sensor for detecting a middle joint of a high voltage power cable;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a cable sensor for air pollution particle detection.
In the figure: 1. a wire core 1; 2. a wire core 2; 3. a sheath; 4. a sensor material; 5. a wire core 3; 11. a signal generator; 12. a collector; 13. an analog-to-digital converter; 18. a sensitive coating; 19. a cable sensor; 20. a curved cable sensor; 21. a bridge; 22. copper shoveling; 23. high temperature equipment; 24. a high voltage power cable intermediate joint; 25. high-voltage power cable core
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings in the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the cable sensor is a dual-core cable sensor, the length of the cable sensor is 20cm, a core 11 and a core 22 serve as two end points of an output signal, the sensor material 4 is generated by solidifying a sensor preparation solution, and the sensor preparation solution: 50% of piezoelectric powder, 10% of epoxy resin, 15% of magnetic sensitive material, 20% of organic silicon and 5% of binder. Wherein the piezoelectric powder is potassium niobate (KNbO)3) The epoxy resin is alicyclic epoxy resin, the organic silicon is room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, the magnetic sensitive material is manganese zinc ferrite, and the binder is E-44 epoxy resin glue.
The signal generator 11 injects a test voltage signal to the cable sensor through the wire core 11 and the wire core 22 terminal, and obtains an output voltage value and a frequency value of the output voltage signal at the output end of the other end through the collector 12. Here, collectors 12 connected at the output end are connected in parallel, and the collectors may include signal collectors and/or counters, which are not specifically distinguished for convenience of description.
The cable type sensor is used for monitoring vibration signals of the high-voltage switch cabinet, and the sensor is arranged on the upper surface of the electric switch cabinet body in the vertical direction. When the switch cabinet works normally, the voltage signal at the output end between the wire cores is measured by the acquisition and counter to obtain 0.1V, and the center frequency is 100 kHz. When a 1MHz voltage signal is applied between the wire core 1 and the wire core 2, the frequency of the output end signal between the wire cores passing through the acquisition and counter is 1 MHz. When discharge occurs in the switch cabinet, an ultrasonic vibration signal is generated, and the output voltage between the cable sensors is 2.6V. When 1MHz voltage signal is applied between the wire cores, the output signal frequency is 0.95MHz, and the difference frequency is 0.05 MHz.
Therefore, the sensor can work in a mode of testing analog voltage, and the state output of the sensor can be obtained through the frequency difference obtained when a high-frequency signal passes through the sensor.
It should be noted that, when the cable sensor only has a single-core cable, the output voltage value can be tested on both sides of the single-core cable core of the sensor, and due to the action of the piezoelectric material inside the cable sensor, when external vibration is induced, electromechanical conversion can be generated, and the high-frequency signal can be rapidly transmitted by combining the action of the internal magneto-sensitive material. Therefore, if the cable sensor with a single-core structure is required to be used as a digital sensor, namely, the working state of the sensor is obtained by testing the frequency change, a high-frequency signal f1 is directly input to two ends of a single-core cable, and a reflected high-frequency signal f2 or a current signal f3 is measured, so that a difference frequency signal is obtained through f1-f2 or f1-f 3. Obviously, when a single-core cable is adopted, a waveform collector or an oscilloscope is required to be connected to the 1, 2 signal injection end for measuring the reflected signal, and the description is omitted here.
Example 2
When the number of the wire cores is large, sensing multi-path output can be realized, as shown in fig. 2, the difference from embodiment 1 is that one wire core 35 is added:
the test signal of the sensor is set to be 1MHz, the signal generator 11 is injected through the wire core 35, under the action of the magneto-sensitive material and the piezoelectric material in the cable sensor, the high-frequency signal injected through the wire core 3 terminal generates electric-mechanical signal conversion through the piezoelectric material in the sensor material 4, and simultaneously generates mechanical-electric signal conversion on the other wire core 22 to obtain an electric signal. It should be noted that, due to electromagnetic field induction, when a high-frequency signal is injected into the terminal of the core 3, a coupling voltage is generated between the other two cores, and the coupling voltage is superposed with a signal after the electromechanical conversion of the piezoelectric material to obtain a final signal. Thus, signals of the same frequency can be obtained between the other two cores 1 and 2.
It links to each other with analog-to-digital converter 13 to establish sinle silk 1 terminal, directly carries out the measurement of voltage value, and sinle silk 2 terminal links to each other with collector 12, the collector is frequency counter, obtains frequency signal. Therefore, the test between the wire cores is realized through two modes of electromagnetic coupling and piezoelectric coupling, wherein the piezoelectric coupling can sensitively sense the pressure or vibration or temperature signal sensed by the outside in a cable type, and the electromagnetic coupling mode can also sense the pressure signal from the outside, and if pressure is generated, the equivalent capacitance between the wire cores is changed, or the equivalent inductance of the wire cores per se is changed, the signal transmission characteristic is influenced. Based on the structure of the cable sensor, abundant state information can be obtained for analysis. Of course, the electromagnetic coupling coefficient can be reduced or increased, or the electromechanical coupling coefficient can be reduced or increased by adjusting the proportion of the preparation materials.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, the cable sensor is a single-core structure, and the sensor preparation solution is selected from: 70% of piezoelectric powder, 10% of epoxy resin, 5% of magnetic sensitive material, 10% of organic silicon and 5% of binder. The cable sensor has a length of 2000cm, is bent into the following shape, is used for bridge vibration monitoring as a bending cable sensor, and has the external dimensions: 800cm by 50 cm.
Typically, when the method is applied to a bridge 21, the length of the bridge 21 to be monitored is 8 meters, and the height of the bridge 21 is 0.5 meter, and if each point monitoring sensor monitors only 0.1 square meter according to the conventional point monitoring sensors, the purpose of precise monitoring can be achieved only by 40 point monitoring sensors. The sensors are distributed in a plurality of points, and obviously, various problems of information, power supply interconnection and installation among the sensors are introduced, so that the reliability is influenced. As shown in FIG. 4, the sensor is arranged under a bridge, one end of the sensor is connected with the signal generator 11, and the other end of the sensor is connected with the collector 12, so that detection in a range of 4 square meters can be realized. When the device is in a working state, the range of the induced vibration signal is 3000Hz-400kHz, and the signal is transmitted outwards through the inductive action of the coil of the bending structure. If the transmitting power needs to be increased, a resistance value of 500 ohms can be connected to the two ends of the wire core, so that the current in the coil is increased, and the longer-distance transmission is realized.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 5, the difference from the embodiments 1-3 is that the cable sensor is a dual-core structure, in which one core is connected to an external copper shovel 22, and the copper shovel 22 is connected to a high-temperature device 23, so as to realize high-temperature transmission. Let the cable sensor length be 6cm and the external copper shovel 22 length be 1 cm. At a normal temperature of 25 ℃, 433MHz signals are injected into the cable sensor through the signal generator 11, the frequency of feedback current signals obtained by the collector 12 at the other end is 432.6MHz, and the difference frequency is 0.4MHz.
After the copper shovel contacts external high-temperature equipment, the temperature of the high-temperature equipment is set to be 480 ℃. After 433MHz signals are injected into the other wire core, the frequency of the obtained feedback current signals is 430.1MHz, and the difference frequency is 2.9 MHz. Therefore, the difference frequency signal is directly related to the temperature sensed in the cable sensor, and the corresponding relation between the difference frequency signal and the temperature can be obtained through a laboratory simulation comparison test, which is not described in detail herein.
Example 5
The cable sensor shown in fig. 6 has a length of 80cm and a dual core structure, and is used for monitoring the state of the middle joint of the high voltage power cable.
The cable sensor 19 is wound outside, the middle joint 24 of the high-voltage power cable is a 10kV XLPE insulated cable middle joint, the voltage between double-core cables of the cable sensor is 0.16V in a normal state, when the inner part of the detected XLPE high-voltage cable is subjected to bulging at high temperature, the piezoelectric material in the cable sensor senses the deformation, mechanical-electrical signal conversion is generated in the cable sensor, and the cable sensor is coupled into the wire core. If the voltage detected by the wire core is increased from 0.16V to 0.33V, the bulge phenomenon can be judged. After the monitored cable is bulged for a period of time, a gap is formed in external insulation, moisture enters the gap, the internal insulation performance is reduced, and a high-voltage discharge phenomenon is generated. The high-voltage discharge generates a high-frequency ultrasonic signal and drives the outer sheath to vibrate, the cable sensor generates quick mechanical-electrical signal conversion in the cable sensor after sensing the high-frequency ultrasonic signal, the high-frequency ultrasonic signal is combined with the inner magnetic-sensitive material to be quickly coupled to the wire core, the voltage monitored by the wire core end reaches 3.6V, the voltage spectrum is observed through the frequency spectrograph, and the center frequency of the voltage spectrum is 60 kHz. Obviously, the present embodiment may also obtain the change of the middle joint of the high voltage cable by injecting a high frequency signal into two sides of the core or between the cores, collecting a feedback voltage or current signal, and calculating a frequency deviation, where the method of the frequency deviation is different from the methods of embodiments 1 and 4, and is not described otherwise.
Example 6
Different from the embodiments 1-5, the detection of relevant parameters is carried out by coating sensitive materials on the cable type sensor. The cable sensor 19 is 10cm long, the outer sheath is stripped within 0.2cm on both sides of the central point, and the carbon nano material is coated on the stripped area to form a sensitive coating 18 for detecting pollution particles in the air. When the sensitive coating forms a weak electric field signal under the driving voltage of the cable sensor 19, the electric field signal forces the coupling efficiency and the signal propagation speed between the cable sensor wire cores to change due to the reason that the sensitive coating of the carbon nano is sensitive to the external environment, so that the coupling efficiency and the signal propagation speed can be identified through reflected voltage or feedback current or the frequency and amplitude change of coupling output signals of other wire cores. The piezoelectric and magnetic sensitive material of the embodiment is a three-dimensional encapsulating structure, is not a pure plane film structure, and substantially utilizes the concept of three-dimensional surface acoustic waves of transverse and longitudinal wave transmission to achieve the sensing purpose by changing the speed of the three-dimensional surface acoustic waves. The purpose of measuring other parameters such as electromagnetic field and chemical gas can be achieved by changing the coating material, for example, a plurality of sensors are coated with different sensitive materials for combined use, and the method can also be used for measuring chromatogram, acoustic spectrum, spectrum and the like, and is not detailed here.
Example 7
10kV XLPE cable length is 100 meters, the operation has been for 19 years, inside medium has a large amount of discharge gaps, still have moisture and other chemical corrosion material in some gaps, if directly adopt the method of filling chemical substance, probably some filling chemical substance can't effectual entering gaps, if need reach better treatment effect, then need a large amount of chemical material and inject chemical substance into and keep in the insulator for a long time under high atmospheric pressure, high atmospheric pressure has mechanical strength's damage threat to the cable body, if the inside carbon deposit of cable or the particulate matter that the oxide formed is more, the simple injection repair liquid probably causes the particulate matter to pile up or block, long-term high atmospheric pressure effect can also lead to the particulate matter to stab and destroy the insulating layer, increase trouble hidden danger.
And a 300kHz high-frequency voltage is applied between the cable core and the shielding grounding layer, the peak voltage is 100V, and the proportion of the bias direct-current voltage is 20 percent of the peak value, namely 20V.
Firstly injecting 500mL of silicon-titanium catalyst into an XLPE cable, and injecting a preparation solution into the cable after 30 minutes, wherein the preparation solution comprises barium titanate (volume ratio of 10%), epoxy resin (10%), soft magnetic ferrite (5%), methacryloxy silane (65%) and a binder (10%).
Under the action of a high-frequency signal, a high-frequency electric field and a high-frequency current are generated in the cable, the high-frequency signal is also acted on the base of the preparation liquid, and the piezoelectric material in the cable generates high-frequency vibration. Generating a solid ultrasonic signal under high-frequency vibration, enabling the gap residue of the high-voltage cable insulating layer to fall off, enabling the preparation liquid to penetrate into the gap, and enabling the preparation liquid to enter the gap to react with moisture or water in the gap to generate a part of cured substance to fill the gap.
Meanwhile, under the action of a high-frequency signal, the piezoelectric material is filled in the metal gap, mechanical vibration can be continuously formed at the edge of the piezoelectric particles due to the metal conduction effect, and the mechanical vibration drives the neighboring piezoelectric particles to generate a weak voltage signal. Since the high-frequency voltage has a dc bias component, and the weak voltage signal generated by the piezoelectric material also has a dc bias component, moisture in the insulating layer can be electrolyzed and decomposed into hydroxide, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Because the cable insulation material is composed of a plurality of chemical substances and a multilayer structure, the cable insulation material faces various dirt in an underground operation environment, and the micro-water inside the cable has low purity, so more hydroxide is generated, and less pure hydrogen and oxygen are generated.
And under the action of a biased high-frequency electric field, part of positive ions or negative ions can be absorbed and neutralized in the chemical reaction process of the electrolyzed water, and hydroxide is mainly left.
Practice proves that under the combined action of the high-frequency signal and the high-frequency vibration, the encapsulation pressure of the injected preparation liquid can be reduced, the flow velocity of the preparation liquid in the cable is improved, the uniformity of cable defect treatment is improved, and the using amount of the preparation liquid is reduced.
The defect of the cable is treated by adopting the methacryloxy silane alone, the capacity of the preparation liquid required by the cable with the length of 100 meters is 30L (liter), the preparation time is 2 hours, the preparation liquid with the capacity of 20L (liter) is prepared under the action of a high-frequency electric signal by adopting the formula provided by the invention, the preparation time is 50 minutes, the working efficiency can be obviously improved, and the bearing time of the cable under high-pressure encapsulation is reduced.
If the high-voltage cable has the operation life of only 3 years and only a small amount of internal areas have discharge phenomena, the operation can be finished by using a smaller amount of preparation liquid (such as 1L-5L).
Similarly, the method of the embodiment can also adopt a small amount of preparation liquid (typically 2L) for treating the defects of the armor gap layer between the high-voltage cable sheath layer and the main insulating layer, and the preparation liquid is injected into the armor gap to generate high-frequency vibration by utilizing the action of high-frequency voltage, so that rusts, microorganisms, insects and ants and the like of the armor layer are effectively stripped, and the reliability of the high-voltage cable sheath layer is improved.
Obviously, the high-voltage cable treated by the preparation liquid also has the function of a sensor, and reference or empirical data can be formed by collecting the high-frequency vibration signal or the strength and the frequency state of the high-frequency electric signal of the prepared cable, so that the running state of the high-voltage cable can be effectively tracked, and the investment and operation and maintenance cost for arranging various detection sensors outside the cable can be reduced.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. The application of the sensor preparation liquid in cable defect treatment is characterized in that:
the preparation liquid mainly comprises the chemical components of piezoelectric powder, a magnetic sensitive material, organic silicon, epoxy resin and a binder; the volume percentage of the chemical components is 5 to 50 percent of piezoelectric powder, 1 to 30 percent of epoxy resin, 5 to 15 percent of magnetic sensitive material, 20 to 50 percent of organic silicon and 1 to 10 percent of adhesive,
the defect treatment method of the cable comprises the following steps:
1) injecting titanium dioxide, titanium catalyst or silicon titanium catalyst into the cable which needs defect treatment or needs defect prevention to clean impurities in the cable;
2) applying a high-frequency single-frequency voltage signal with bias voltage, a frequency-sweep voltage signal or a frequency-modulated signal to the cable; the bias voltage accounts for 1% -49%;
3) injecting a sensor preparation liquid into a wire core, an armor layer, a shielding layer or a sheath layer of the cable;
4) under the action of high-frequency voltage, a high-frequency electromagnetic field and a bias voltage are generated to generate a direct-current polarized electric field which is electromagnetically coupled with a magnetosensitive material in the sensor preparation liquid, so that a uniform high-frequency electromagnetic field is rapidly generated in a cable core;
5) under the combined action of the high-frequency electromagnetic field and the high-frequency current, the piezoelectric material generates electric-mechanical conversion to generate a vibration signal or an ultrasonic signal, so that carbon deposit, dust, microorganisms or dirt on an oxide layer and an insulating layer of the wire core is stripped, and the vibration signal also promotes the uniform penetration of the preparation liquid in the cable body.
2. The use of the sensor preparation fluid according to claim 1 in cable defect management, wherein: the epoxy resin is alicyclic epoxy resin.
3. The use of the sensor preparation fluid according to claim 1 in cable defect management, wherein:
the piezoelectric powder is formed by mixing one or more of quartz, lithium niobate, lithium pyroborate, lithium cholate, bismuth germanate, barium titanate, lanthanum gallium silicate, potassium niobate, lead zirconate titanate, potassium sodium niobate, potassium sodium metaniobate, strontium barium metaniobate, lead magnesium niobate zirconate titanate, lead lithium niobium zirconate titanate, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, polyvinylidene fluoride and polyvinyl chloride;
the magnetic sensitive material is one of soft magnetic ferrite, manganese zinc ferrite, cobalt ferrite, iron silicon aluminum, nickel-zinc ferrite, nickel zinc ferrite and manganese magnesium zinc ferrite;
the organic silicon is one or more of silane coupling agent, vinyl silane, amino silane, methacryloxy silane, room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber and silicone resin.
4. The use of the sensor preparation fluid according to claim 1 in cable defect management, wherein: and 3) adding a positive charge sacrificial agent or a negative charge sacrificial agent when the sensor preparation solution is injected in the step 3).
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