CN114573603A - Process for synthesizing pimecrcillin in one pot - Google Patents

Process for synthesizing pimecrcillin in one pot Download PDF

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CN114573603A
CN114573603A CN202210211283.9A CN202210211283A CN114573603A CN 114573603 A CN114573603 A CN 114573603A CN 202210211283 A CN202210211283 A CN 202210211283A CN 114573603 A CN114573603 A CN 114573603A
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pivampicillin
solvent
reaction
preparing
apa
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张军忍
魏新
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Nanjing Meizhide Synthetic Material Co ltd
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Nanjing Meizhide Synthetic Material Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D499/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. penicillins, penems; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulfur-containing hetero ring
    • C07D499/21Heterocyclic compounds containing 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. penicillins, penems; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulfur-containing hetero ring with a nitrogen atom directly attached in position 6 and a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. an ester or nitrile radical, directly attached in position 2
    • C07D499/28Heterocyclic compounds containing 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. penicillins, penems; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulfur-containing hetero ring with a nitrogen atom directly attached in position 6 and a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. an ester or nitrile radical, directly attached in position 2 with modified 2-carboxyl group
    • C07D499/32Esters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D499/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. penicillins, penems; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulfur-containing hetero ring
    • C07D499/04Preparation
    • C07D499/08Modification of a carboxyl radical directly attached in position 2, e.g. esterification
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D499/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. penicillins, penems; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulfur-containing hetero ring
    • C07D499/04Preparation
    • C07D499/10Modification of an amino radical directly attached in position 6
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/55Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

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  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a simple method for preparing pimecrcillin, which is an oral broad-spectrum semi-synthetic penicillin having an antibacterial effect by interfering the biosynthesis of bacterial cell walls. The method adopts a one-pot process route, takes 6-APA as a starting raw material, and synthesizes the pivampicillin by the methods of oxygen alkylation and nitrogen imidization. The invention has the advantages of simple synthesis process, low production cost, few steps, high total yield and little pollution, and is suitable for industrial mass production.

Description

Process for synthesizing pimecrcillin in one pot
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medicinal chemistry and medicinal synthesis, in particular to an improved pivampicillin synthesis process.
Technical Field
Pimeicillin is an oral broad-spectrum antibiotic, is semi-synthetic penicillin, and can be used for treating simple or compound urinary tract infection caused by sensitive bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, etc., and can also be used for treating typhoid fever.
Pimeicillin, the name of English Pivmecillinam, CAS number 32886-97-8, and its molecular formula C21H33N3O5S, molecular weight 439.57, white solid in appearance. The chemical formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003533392860000011
penicillin is one of important antibiotics and has a good antibacterial effect, but is not acid-resistant, enzyme-resistant, has a narrow antibacterial spectrum and is easy to cause allergy, and in order to solve the problems, people begin to research and successfully obtain a plurality of semi-synthetic penicillins, and a synthetic method mainly structurally modifies 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) obtained from penicillin fermentation liquor. More than 40 semi-synthetic penicillin products are clinically applied at present, and one of the semi-synthetic penicillin products is enzyme-resistant pivampicillin. The synthesis reaction equation is as follows:
Figure BDA0003533392860000012
the 6-APA is prepared by obtaining an alkylation product with chloromethyl pivalate and then reacting with N-formyl cyclohexylimine, and has less reaction steps, low temperature requirement, high toxic reagent requirement and production cost increase.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for synthesizing pivampicillin in one pot, which is prepared by taking 6-APA as a starting raw material through oxygen alkylation and nitrogen imidization in one pot. The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical measures:
adding 6-APA, a catalyst, an alkali reagent, a solvent A and chloromethyl pivalate into a reaction kettle, and reacting for 20-24 hours at the temperature of 20-30 ℃; adding N-formyl hexamethylene imine dimethyl sulfate into the reaction kettle after the reaction is finished, heating to 50-60 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 5-7 hours; after the reaction is finished, adding a certain amount of water into the reaction kettle, fully stirring, and filtering to obtain a white solid which is a crude product of pivampicillin; and adding the crude product into the solvent B, fully stirring, heating to be completely dissolved, then cooling and crystallizing, filtering, and drying at 60-70 ℃ to obtain the product.
Wherein the reaction equation of the pimecrillin is as follows:
Figure BDA0003533392860000021
further, the mass ratio of the 6-APA, the catalyst, the alkali reagent, the solvent A, the chloromethyl pivalate, the N-formyl hexamethylene imine dimethyl sulfate, the water and the solvent B is 1 (0.05-0.08): 1.4-2.5): 3-5): 0.7-1): 1.2-1.5): 3-5): 5-7, preferably 1:0.06:1.8:4:0.8:1.3:4: 6;
further, the catalyst is sodium iodide, potassium iodide, preferably sodium iodide;
further, the alkali reagent is sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, DBU, DBN, preferably triethylamine;
further, the solvent A is dichloromethane, 1, 2-dichloroethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, acetonitrile, propionitrile, acetone, butanone, methyltetrahydrofuran, 1, 4-dioxane, DMF, N-methylpyrrolidone, preferably DMF;
further, the solvent B is acetonitrile, propionitrile, acetone, butanone, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, preferably acetone.
The method for preparing pivampicillin has the advantages of simple synthesis process, low production cost, few steps, high total yield, little pollution and suitability for industrial mass production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an infrared spectrum (IR) of the pivampicillin product synthesized in example 1
FIG. 2 is a Mass Spectrum (MS) of the pivampicillin product synthesized in example 1
FIG. 3 is the NMR spectrum of pivampicillin product synthesized in example 1: (1HNMR)
Detailed Description
The following examples will enable one skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
The method for synthesizing the pivampicillin specifically comprises the following operations:
adding 100.0g of 6-APA, 6g of sodium iodide, 180g of triethylamine, 400g of DMF and 80g of chloromethyl pivalate into a reaction bottle, and controlling the temperature to be 20-30 ℃ to react for 22 hours; after the reaction is finished, adding 130g N-formyl hexamethylene imine dimethyl sulfate, controlling the temperature to be 50-60 ℃, and continuing the reaction for 6 hours; after the reaction, 400g of water is added into the reaction solution, solid is separated out, and a filter cake is obtained by suction filtration. Adding 600g of acetone into the filter cake for recrystallization, and drying the crystals at 60-70 ℃ to obtain 183.5g of a white solid product, namely pivampicillin, wherein the yield is 86.6%.
Example 2
Preparation of pivampicillin:
adding 100.0g of 6-APA, 7g of potassium iodide, 210g of diisopropylethylamine, 500g of DMF and 85g of chloromethyl pivalate into a reaction bottle, and controlling the temperature to be 20-30 ℃ to react for 21 hours; after the reaction is finished, adding 135g N-formyl hexamethylene imine dimethyl sulfate, controlling the temperature to be 50-60 ℃ and continuing the reaction for 6 hours; after the reaction, 500g of water is added into the reaction solution, solid is separated out, and a filter cake is obtained by suction filtration. Adding 600g of acetone into the filter cake for recrystallization, and drying the crystals at 60-70 ℃ to obtain 168.5g of a white solid product, namely pivampicillin, with the yield of 79.5 percent.
While the invention has been described in detail by way of the general description and the specific examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The preparation method of the pivampicillin is characterized in that 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA), a catalyst, an alkali reagent, a solvent A and chloromethyl pivalate are added into a reaction kettle to react for a certain time at the temperature of 20-30 ℃; after the reaction is finished, adding N-formyl hexamethylene imine dimethyl sulfate into the reaction kettle, heating to 50-60 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for a certain time; after the reaction is finished, adding a certain amount of water into the reaction kettle, fully stirring, and filtering to obtain a white solid which is a crude product of pivampicillin; and adding the crude product into the solvent B, fully stirring, heating to be completely dissolved, then cooling and crystallizing, and filtering and drying to obtain the product pivampicillin.
2. The method for preparing pivampicillin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of 6-APA, catalyst, alkali agent, solvent A, chloromethyl pivalate, N-formyl cyclohexylimine dimethyl sulfate, water and solvent B is 1 (0.05-0.08), (1.4-2.5), (3-5), (0.7-1), (1.2-1.5), (3-5), (5-7).
3. The method for preparing pivampicillin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the catalyst is sodium iodide or potassium iodide.
4. The process for producing pivampicillin as claimed in claim 1, wherein said alkali agent is sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, DBU or DBN, etc.
5. The process for producing pivampicillin as claimed in claim 1, wherein said solvent A is dichloromethane, 1, 2-dichloroethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, acetonitrile, propionitrile, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl tetrahydrofuran, 1, 4-dioxane, DMF or N-methylpyrrolidone, etc.
6. The process for preparing pimecrocillin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solvent B is acetonitrile, propionitrile, acetone, butanone, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate or the like.
7. The method for preparing pimecrocillin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reaction time is 20 to 24 hours and 5 to 7 hours, respectively.
8. The pivampicillin preparation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying temperature is 60-70 ℃.
CN202210211283.9A 2022-03-07 2022-03-07 Process for synthesizing pimecrcillin in one pot Withdrawn CN114573603A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1293590A (en) * 1969-11-11 1972-10-18 Leo Pharm Prod Ltd New penicillanic acid derivatives
PL84031B1 (en) * 1973-11-10 1976-02-28
GB1482388A (en) * 1975-01-06 1977-08-10 Inst Organicheskogo Sinteza Ak Method of producing 6-beta-amidinopenicillanic acid derivatives
IT7921862A0 (en) * 1979-04-13 1979-04-13 Archifar Lab Chim Farm METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ESTERS OF DERIVATIVES OF 6-B-AMIDINO-PENICILLANIC ACID.
US4278792A (en) * 1979-04-12 1981-07-14 Archifar Laboratori Chimice Farmacologici S.P.A. Method of producing derivatives of 6-β-amidinopenicillanic acid
CN101735244A (en) * 2008-11-05 2010-06-16 鲁南制药集团股份有限公司 Method for preparing broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic ticarcillin sodium
US20200230114A1 (en) * 2019-01-22 2020-07-23 Board Of Regents Of The Nevada System Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Nevada The use of lipophilic beta-lactam antibiotics and carboxylate esters for the treatment of bacterial infections within citrus and other plant species

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1293590A (en) * 1969-11-11 1972-10-18 Leo Pharm Prod Ltd New penicillanic acid derivatives
PL84031B1 (en) * 1973-11-10 1976-02-28
GB1482388A (en) * 1975-01-06 1977-08-10 Inst Organicheskogo Sinteza Ak Method of producing 6-beta-amidinopenicillanic acid derivatives
US4278792A (en) * 1979-04-12 1981-07-14 Archifar Laboratori Chimice Farmacologici S.P.A. Method of producing derivatives of 6-β-amidinopenicillanic acid
IT7921862A0 (en) * 1979-04-13 1979-04-13 Archifar Lab Chim Farm METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ESTERS OF DERIVATIVES OF 6-B-AMIDINO-PENICILLANIC ACID.
CN101735244A (en) * 2008-11-05 2010-06-16 鲁南制药集团股份有限公司 Method for preparing broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic ticarcillin sodium
US20200230114A1 (en) * 2019-01-22 2020-07-23 Board Of Regents Of The Nevada System Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Nevada The use of lipophilic beta-lactam antibiotics and carboxylate esters for the treatment of bacterial infections within citrus and other plant species

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
EDUARDO L. SETTI等: "Synthesis of (pivaloyloxy)methyl 6α-fluoropenicillanate", 《J. CHEM. SOC., PERKIN TRANS. 1》, no. 8, 31 December 1988 (1988-12-31), pages 2059 - 2060 *

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