CN114573318A - Special mixture for aerated concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special mixture for aerated concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010446 mirabilite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 10
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YIWGJFPJRAEKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-3-methyl-8-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carbonyl]-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione Chemical compound CN1C(=O)N(c2ccc3n[nH]nc3c2)C2(CCN(CC2)C(=O)c2cnc(NCc3cccc(OC(F)(F)F)c3)nc2)C1=O YIWGJFPJRAEKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021486 amorphous silicon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 silicon aluminum sulfur Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
- C04B40/0046—Premixtures of ingredients characterised by their processing, e.g. sequence of mixing the ingredients when preparing the premixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B12/00—Cements not provided for in groups C04B7/00 - C04B11/00
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种加气混凝土专用混合料及制备方法,属于胶凝材料技术领域,解决了现有技术中加气混凝土原料波动大,质量不稳定,能耗高、CO2排放高,环境影响大的问题。本发明的制备方法包括:配制混合料生料,生料包括30%~40%的电石渣,56%~68%的硅质煤矸石以及2%‑4%的工业副产石膏;将混合料生料煅烧,得到混合料熟料;在熟料中掺入分散剂,混合粉磨制得加气混凝土专用混合料。本发明还公开了上述方法制得的加气混凝土专用混合料。本发明方法一步解决了加气混凝土制备所需的钙质、硅质和硫质材料的同时供应,简化了加气混凝土原料配制工艺,降低了原料配制控制难度。本发明所用原材料均为大宗固体废物,节能环保。The invention discloses a special mixture for aerated concrete and a preparation method, belongs to the technical field of cementitious materials, and solves the problems of large fluctuation of raw materials for aerated concrete, unstable quality, high energy consumption, high CO2 emission and environmental impact in the prior art. big problem. The preparation method of the present invention includes: preparing mixed raw meal, the raw meal comprising 30%-40% of calcium carbide slag, 56%-68% of siliceous coal gangue and 2%-4% of industrial by-product gypsum; The raw meal is calcined to obtain a mixed clinker; a dispersant is added to the clinker, and the mixture is mixed and ground to obtain a special mixture for aerated concrete. The invention also discloses the special mixture for air-entrained concrete prepared by the above method. The method of the invention solves the simultaneous supply of calcareous, siliceous and sulphuric materials required for the preparation of aerated concrete in one step, simplifies the preparation process of the raw material of the aerated concrete, and reduces the difficulty of controlling the preparation of the raw material. The raw materials used in the present invention are all bulk solid wastes, which are energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于胶凝材料技术领域,具体涉及一种加气混凝土专用混合料及制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of cementitious materials, and in particular relates to a special mixture for aerated concrete and a preparation method.
背景技术Background technique
加气混凝土是以钙质材料(石灰、水泥)和硅质材料(石英砂、河砂、粉煤灰及含硅尾矿等)为基本组分,通过掺加石膏调节剂,铝粉(铝粉膏)引气剂,与水拌合后,以化学反应方式获得气体,通过配料、搅拌、浇筑、预养、切割、养护等工艺过程制成的轻质多孔硅酸盐制品,是集轻质、保温、防火、吸声、环保等诸多优点于一身的新型建筑材料。常规加气混凝土生产,需分别采购石灰、水泥、石膏、硅质材料等原料,购置的原料中硅质材料需要先分别粉磨入库,再与石灰、水泥、石膏等钙质材料以及拌合水等进行配料混合搅拌制备浆体,配料控制难度高、工艺复杂。特别是购置的石灰、石膏、硅质材料等品质波动大,造成加气混凝土产品性能和质量波动大。此外,加气混凝土原料中,水泥和石灰生产均需要高温煅烧和大量石灰石,能耗高、CO2排放高,环境影响大。Air-entrained concrete is based on calcareous materials (lime, cement) and siliceous materials (quartz sand, river sand, fly ash and siliceous tailings, etc.) Powder paste) air-entraining agent, after mixing with water, gas is obtained by chemical reaction, and it is a lightweight porous silicate product made by batching, stirring, pouring, pre-curing, cutting, curing and other processes. It is a new building material with many advantages such as quality, heat preservation, fire prevention, sound absorption and environmental protection. In the production of conventional aerated concrete, raw materials such as lime, cement, gypsum, and siliceous materials need to be purchased separately. The siliceous materials in the purchased raw materials need to be separately ground and stored, and then mixed with lime, cement, gypsum and other calcareous materials and mixed. Water and other ingredients are mixed and stirred to prepare slurry, which is difficult to control and complex in process. In particular, the quality of the purchased lime, gypsum, and siliceous materials fluctuates greatly, resulting in large fluctuations in the performance and quality of aerated concrete products. In addition, among the raw materials of aerated concrete, both cement and lime production require high-temperature calcination and a large amount of limestone, resulting in high energy consumption, high CO2 emissions, and a large environmental impact.
有鉴于此,有必要设计一种加气混凝土专用混合料及其制备方法,专用混合料中应同时含有合适组成的石灰(CaO)、石膏、硅质材料,降低原材料质量波动以及减小配料工艺难度;同时,专用混合料制备原料应使用碳酸盐含量低的钙、硅、硫质固体废弃物,降低专用混合料制备的天然矿物资源消耗、能耗、CO2排放等,提高产品绿色低碳含量。In view of this, it is necessary to design a special mixture for aerated concrete and its preparation method. The special mixture should contain lime (CaO), gypsum, and siliceous materials with suitable composition at the same time, so as to reduce the fluctuation of raw material quality and reduce the difficulty of batching process. At the same time, calcium, silicon and sulfur solid wastes with low carbonate content should be used as raw materials for the preparation of special mixtures, so as to reduce the consumption of natural mineral resources, energy consumption, and CO 2 emissions in the preparation of special mixtures, and improve the green and low-carbon products of products. content.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的之一在于,提供一种加气混凝土专用混合料的制备方法,解决现有技术中加气混凝土原料波动大,质量不稳定,能耗高、CO2排放高,环境影响大的问题。One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a special mixture for air-entrained concrete, which solves the problems in the prior art that the raw material of air-entrained concrete fluctuates greatly, the quality is unstable, the energy consumption is high, the CO 2 emission is high, and the environmental impact is large. question.
本发明的目的之二在于,提供采用该制备方法制得的加气混凝土专用混合料。The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a special mixture for air-entrained concrete prepared by the preparation method.
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:For achieving the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:
本发明的提供的一种加气混凝土专用混合料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:The preparation method of a kind of special admixture for air-entrained concrete provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:
S1.配制混合料生料,生料包括以质量百分比计的30%~40%的电石渣,56%~68%的硅质煤矸石以及2%-4%的工业副产石膏;S1. Prepare mixed raw meal, the raw meal includes 30%-40% calcium carbide slag, 56%-68% siliceous coal gangue and 2%-4% industrial by-product gypsum by mass percentage;
S2.熟料煅烧,将混合料生料煅烧,得到混合料熟料;S2. clinker calcination, calcining the mixed material raw meal to obtain the mixed material clinker;
S3.混合料制成,在S2得到的熟料中掺入分散剂,混合粉磨至80微米方孔筛筛余<20%的粉体,制得加气混凝土专用混合料。S3. The mixture is prepared, the dispersant is mixed into the clinker obtained in S2, and the mixture is mixed and ground to a powder with a sieve ratio of less than 20% by a 80-micron square-hole sieve to obtain a special mixture for aerated concrete.
本发明的部分实施方案中,在配制混合料生料前,将生料各原料预破碎至颗粒粒径<15mm。In some embodiments of the present invention, before preparing the mixed raw meal, each raw material of the raw meal is pre-crushed to a particle size of less than 15 mm.
本发明的部分实施方案中,所述电石渣中Ca(OH)2含量>85wt%,附着水含量<3wt%。In some embodiments of the present invention, the content of Ca(OH) 2 in the carbide slag is greater than 85 wt%, and the content of adhering water is less than 3 wt%.
本发明的部分实施方案中,所述硅质煤矸石中SiO2含量>60wt%,Al2O3含量<20wt%,化合水含量<10wt%。In some embodiments of the present invention, the content of SiO 2 in the siliceous coal gangue is greater than 60 wt %, the content of Al 2 O 3 is less than 20 wt %, and the content of combined water is less than 10 wt %.
本发明的部分实施方案中,所述工业副产石膏包括脱硫石膏、磷石膏、钛石膏、芒硝石膏中的至少一种,工业副产石膏中CaSO4.2H2O含量>85wt%,附着水含量<5wt%。In some embodiments of the present invention, the industrial by-product gypsum includes at least one of desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, titanium gypsum and mirabilite gypsum, and the content of CaSO 4 .2H 2 O in the industrial by-product gypsum is greater than 85 wt %, and water adheres to Content<5wt%.
本发明的部分实施方案中,所述分散剂包括三乙醇胺、三异丙醇胺、乙二醇单异丙醇胺中的至少一种。In some embodiments of the present invention, the dispersing agent includes at least one of triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, and ethylene glycol monoisopropanolamine.
本发明的部分实施方案中,所述S2中,于550-650℃条件下煅烧20-60min;优选地,煅烧30min。In some embodiments of the present invention, the S2 is calcined at 550-650° C. for 20-60 min; preferably, calcined for 30 min.
本发明的部分实施方案中,分散剂的用量为熟料质量0.01-0.1%,优选为0.05%。In some embodiments of the present invention, the dosage of the dispersant is 0.01-0.1% by mass of the clinker, preferably 0.05%.
本发明提供的上述加气混凝土专用混合料的制备方法制得的加气混凝土专用混合料。The special mixture for air-entrained concrete prepared by the preparation method of the above-mentioned special mixture for air-entrained concrete provided by the present invention.
本发明的部分实施方案中,所述加气混凝土专用混合料包括25~35wt%的CaO,45~55wt%的SiO2以及1.5~2.5wt%的SO3。In some embodiments of the present invention, the special admixture for air-entrained concrete comprises 25-35wt% of CaO, 45-55wt% of SiO 2 and 1.5-2.5wt% of SO 3 .
本发明加气混凝土专用混合料中钙质材料(石灰,CaO)来源于电石渣煅烧。电石渣中的化学成分以Ca(OH)2为主,煅烧失水产生CaO。这不同于传统石灰通过煅烧石灰石制备得到,且本发明中电石渣煅烧脱水温度低、不排放CO2,产生的CaO活性更高,能够充分保证加气混凝土的钙质材料需求和要求。The calcareous material (lime, CaO) in the special mixture for air-entrained concrete of the present invention is derived from the calcination of calcium carbide slag. The chemical composition of calcium carbide slag is mainly Ca(OH) 2 , and CaO is produced by dehydration during calcination. This is different from the traditional lime prepared by calcining limestone, and the calcium carbide slag in the present invention has a low calcination and dehydration temperature, does not emit CO 2 , and produces higher CaO activity, which can fully meet the needs and requirements of calcareous materials for air-entrained concrete.
本发明加气混凝土专用混合料中硅质材料(SiO2)来源于硅质煤矸石煅烧。硅质煤矸石中SiO2存在于石英和黏土矿物中,硅质煤矸石煅烧过程中,黏土矿物脱水分解后释放部分活性更高的无定型SiO2,提高了硅质材料与钙质材料的反应活性,有助于加气混凝土质量提升。The siliceous material (SiO 2 ) in the special mixture for air-entrained concrete of the present invention is derived from the calcination of siliceous coal gangue. SiO 2 in siliceous coal gangue exists in quartz and clay minerals. During the calcination of siliceous coal gangue, clay minerals are dehydrated and decomposed to release part of amorphous SiO 2 with higher activity, which improves the reaction between siliceous materials and calcareous materials. Activity, which helps to improve the quality of air-entrained concrete.
现有技术中,加气混凝土制备过程中还需要加入石膏调节石灰消解速度、浆体稠度和凝结时间,同时石膏也能促进硅质和钙质材料在水热条件下生成更多的托勃莫来石等有益矿物。但是,以CaSO4.2H2O为主的工业副产石膏中可溶性磷、氟化合物较多,会降低加气混凝土浆体性能以及产品性能。本发明的制备方法,将工业副产石膏作为原料,经煅烧,使CaSO4.2H2O转变为稳定的、活性的无水CaSO4,同时,磷、氟化合物在煅烧过程中挥发去除,避免了杂质对加气混凝土质量影响。In the prior art, gypsum also needs to be added in the preparation process of air-entrained concrete to adjust the lime digestion speed, slurry consistency and setting time, and at the same time, gypsum can also promote siliceous and calcareous materials to generate more tobomo under hydrothermal conditions. Beneficial minerals such as stone. However, the industrial by-product gypsum mainly composed of CaSO 4 .2H 2 O contains more soluble phosphorus and fluorine compounds, which will reduce the properties of air-entrained concrete paste and products. In the preparation method of the present invention, the industrial by-product gypsum is used as a raw material, and through calcination, CaSO 4 .2H 2 O is converted into stable and active anhydrous CaSO 4 , and at the same time, phosphorus and fluorine compounds are volatilized and removed during the calcination process to avoid The influence of impurities on the quality of aerated concrete.
本发明的加气混凝土专用混合料制备加气混凝土时,直接与水、铝粉膏拌合用于各等级加气混凝土生产。When preparing aerated concrete, the special mixture for air-entrained concrete of the invention is directly mixed with water and aluminum powder paste for the production of air-entrained concrete of various grades.
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明设计科学,构思巧妙,采用本发明方法制备得到的加气混凝土专用混合料,无需再单独配入石灰、水泥、粉煤灰、石英砂、石膏等物料,可直接与水、铝粉膏拌合用于各等级加气混凝土生产,克服了加气混凝土生产过程中原料质量控制、配料工艺复杂、产品质量不稳定难题。The invention has scientific design and ingenious conception. The special mixture for aerated concrete prepared by the method of the invention does not need to be separately mixed with lime, cement, fly ash, quartz sand, gypsum and other materials, and can be directly mixed with water and aluminum powder paste. Mixing is used in the production of various grades of aerated concrete, which overcomes the problems of raw material quality control, complex batching process and unstable product quality in the production process of aerated concrete.
本发明的制备方法,在煅烧过程中同步实现了电石渣脱水生成活性CaO、硅质煤矸石脱水生成活化SiO2以及工业副产石膏脱水生成活性无水石膏和有害杂质去除,一步解决了加气混凝土制备所需的钙质、硅质和硫质材料的同时供应,简化了加气混凝土原料配制工艺,降低了原料配制控制难度。The preparation method of the invention simultaneously realizes the dehydration of calcium carbide slag to generate active CaO, the dehydration of siliceous coal gangue to generate activated SiO 2 , the dehydration of industrial by-product gypsum to generate active anhydrite and the removal of harmful impurities simultaneously during the calcination process, and a single step solves the problem of aeration. Simultaneous supply of calcium, siliceous and sulfur materials required for concrete preparation simplifies the preparation process of aerated concrete raw materials and reduces the difficulty of raw material preparation and control.
本发明所用原材料电石渣、硅质煤矸石和工业副产石膏均为大宗固体废物,本发明的加气混凝土不需要掺加其他天然矿石资源,充分体现了节能环保理念。The raw material calcium carbide slag, siliceous coal gangue and industrial by-product gypsum used in the present invention are all bulk solid wastes, and the air-entrained concrete of the present invention does not need to be mixed with other natural ore resources, fully embodying the concept of energy saving and environmental protection.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
在下文中,将利用实施例详细地描述根据本发明的一种加气混凝土专用混合料及其制备方法。Hereinafter, a special admixture for air-entrained concrete and a preparation method thereof according to the present invention will be described in detail using examples.
一种加气混凝土专用混合料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:A preparation method of a special mixture for air-entrained concrete, comprising the following steps:
S1.配制混合料生料,生料包括以质量百分比计的30%~40%的电石渣,56%~68%的硅质煤矸石以及2%-4%的工业副产石膏;S1. Prepare mixed raw meal, the raw meal includes 30%-40% calcium carbide slag, 56%-68% siliceous coal gangue and 2%-4% industrial by-product gypsum by mass percentage;
S2.熟料煅烧,将混合料生料煅烧,得到混合料熟料;S2. clinker calcination, calcining the mixed material raw meal to obtain the mixed material clinker;
S3.混合料制成,在S2得到的熟料中掺入分散剂,混合粉磨至80微米方孔筛筛余<20%的粉体,制得加气混凝土专用混合料。S3. The mixture is prepared, the dispersant is mixed into the clinker obtained in S2, and the mixture is mixed and ground to a powder with a sieve ratio of less than 20% by a 80-micron square-hole sieve to obtain a special mixture for aerated concrete.
在配制混合料生料前,将生料各原料预破碎至颗粒粒径<15mm。Before preparing the mixed raw meal, each raw material of the raw meal is pre-crushed to a particle size of less than 15 mm.
所述电石渣中Ca(OH)2含量>85wt%,附着水含量<3wt%。The content of Ca(OH) 2 in the carbide slag is more than 85wt%, and the content of attached water is less than 3wt%.
所述硅质煤矸石中SiO2含量>60wt%,Al2O3含量<20wt%,化合水含量<10wt%。In the siliceous coal gangue, the content of SiO 2 is more than 60 wt %, the content of Al 2 O 3 is less than 20 wt %, and the content of combined water is less than 10 wt %.
所述工业副产石膏包括脱硫石膏、磷石膏、钛石膏、芒硝石膏中的至少一种,工业副产石膏中CaSO4.2H2O含量>85wt%,附着水含量<5wt%。The industrial by-product gypsum includes at least one of desulfurization gypsum, phosphogypsum, titanium gypsum and mirabilite gypsum, and the industrial by-product gypsum has a CaSO 4 .2H 2 O content of >85wt% and an attached water content of <5wt%.
所述分散剂包括三乙醇胺、三异丙醇胺、乙二醇单异丙醇胺中的至少一种。The dispersing agent includes at least one of triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, and ethylene glycol monoisopropanolamine.
所述S2中,于550-650℃条件下煅烧20-60min;优选地,煅烧30min。In the S2, calcination is performed at 550-650° C. for 20-60 min; preferably, calcination is performed for 30 min.
分散剂的用量为熟料质量0.01-0.1%,优选为0.05%。The dosage of the dispersant is 0.01-0.1% of the clinker mass, preferably 0.05%.
所述加气混凝土专用混合料的制备方法制得的加气混凝土专用混合料。The special mixture for aerated concrete is prepared by the preparation method of the special mixture for air-entrained concrete.
所述加气混凝土专用混合料包括25~35wt%的CaO,45~55wt%的SiO2以及1.5~2.5wt%的SO3。The special mixture for air-entrained concrete comprises 25-35wt% of CaO, 45-55wt% of SiO 2 and 1.5-2.5wt% of SO 3 .
本发明的加气混凝土专用混合料制备加气混凝土时,直接与水、铝粉膏拌合用于各等级加气混凝土生产。When preparing aerated concrete, the special mixture for air-entrained concrete of the invention is directly mixed with water and aluminum powder paste for the production of air-entrained concrete of various grades.
本发明实施例中所用的Ca(OH)2含量>85wt%,附着水含量<3wt%。The content of Ca(OH) 2 used in the examples of the present invention is more than 85 wt %, and the content of attached water is less than 3 wt %.
本发明实施例中所用的硅质煤矸石中SiO2含量>60wt%,Al2O3含量<20wt%,化合水含量<10wt%。In the siliceous coal gangue used in the embodiments of the present invention, the SiO 2 content is greater than 60 wt %, the Al 2 O 3 content is less than 20 wt %, and the combined water content is less than 10 wt %.
本发明实施例中所用的工业副产石膏中CaSO4.2H2O含量>85wt%,附着水含量<5wt%。The content of CaSO 4 .2H 2 O in the industrial by-product gypsum used in the embodiment of the present invention is more than 85wt%, and the content of attached water is less than 5wt%.
实施例1Example 1
本实施例公开了本发明的加气混凝土专用混合料的制备方法,具体为:The present embodiment discloses the preparation method of the special mixture for air-entrained concrete of the present invention, specifically:
1)将电石渣、硅质煤矸石、工业副产石膏磷石膏分别预破碎至颗粒粒径<15mm;1) pre-crushing calcium carbide slag, siliceous coal gangue and industrial by-product gypsum phosphogypsum to particle size <15mm;
2)配制混合料生料,生料包括30wt%的电石渣,67wt%的硅质煤矸石以及3wt%的工业副产石膏;2) preparing mixed raw meal, the raw meal includes 30wt% of carbide slag, 67wt% of siliceous coal gangue and 3wt% of industrial by-product gypsum;
3)熟料煅烧,混合料生料在650℃电热炉中煅烧30分钟,得到混合料熟料;3) calcining the clinker, calcining the raw material of the mixed material in an electric heating furnace at 650° C. for 30 minutes to obtain the mixed material clinker;
4)混合料制成,熟料中掺入占熟料质量0.05%的分散剂三乙醇胺,混合粉磨至80微米方孔筛筛余<20%的粉体,制得加气混凝土专用混合料。4) The mixture is prepared, the clinker is mixed with the dispersant triethanolamine accounting for 0.05% of the clinker mass, mixed and ground to a powder with an 80-micron square-hole sieve remaining less than 20%, to obtain a special mixture for aerated concrete .
实施例2Example 2
1)将电石渣、硅质煤矸石、工业副产石膏脱硫石膏分别预破碎至颗粒粒径<15mm;1) pre-crushing calcium carbide slag, siliceous coal gangue and industrial by-product gypsum desulfurization gypsum to particle size <15mm;
2)配制混合料生料,生料包括35wt%的电石渣,62wt%的硅质煤矸石以及3wt%的工业副产石膏;2) preparing mixed raw meal, the raw meal includes 35wt% of carbide slag, 62wt% of siliceous coal gangue and 3wt% of industrial by-product gypsum;
3)熟料煅烧,混合料生料在600℃电热炉中煅烧30分钟,得到混合料熟料;3) calcining the clinker, and calcining the raw material of the mixed material in an electric heating furnace at 600° C. for 30 minutes to obtain the mixed material clinker;
4)混合料制成,熟料中掺入占熟料质量0.05%的分散剂三异丙醇胺,混合粉磨至80微米方孔筛筛余<20%的粉体,制得加气混凝土专用混合料。4) The mixture is prepared, the clinker is mixed with the dispersant triisopropanolamine which accounts for 0.05% of the clinker mass, mixed and ground to a powder with a sieve of 80 microns square sieve less than 20%, and the air-entrained concrete is obtained Special mix.
实施例3Example 3
1)将电石渣、硅质煤矸石、工业副产石膏芒硝石膏分别预破碎至颗粒粒径<15mm;1) pre-crushing calcium carbide slag, siliceous coal gangue, industrial by-product gypsum Glauber's gypsum respectively to particle size<15mm;
2)配制混合料生料,生料包括40wt%的电石渣,57wt%的硅质煤矸石以及3wt%的工业副产石膏;2) prepare mixed raw meal, the raw meal includes 40wt% of carbide slag, 57wt% of siliceous coal gangue and 3wt% of industrial by-product gypsum;
3)熟料煅烧,混合料生料在550℃电热炉中煅烧30分钟,得到混合料熟料;3) calcining the clinker, and calcining the raw material of the mixed material in an electric heating furnace at 550° C. for 30 minutes to obtain the mixed material clinker;
4)混合料制成,熟料中掺入占熟料质量0.05%的分散剂乙二醇单异丙醇胺,混合粉磨至80微米方孔筛筛余<20%的粉体,制得加气混凝土专用混合料。4) The mixed material is prepared. The dispersant ethylene glycol monoisopropanolamine, which accounts for 0.05% of the clinker mass, is mixed into the clinker, and the powder is mixed and ground to a powder with a sieve ratio of less than 20% of the 80-micron square-hole sieve to obtain Special mix for aerated concrete.
实施例4Example 4
1)将电石渣、硅质煤矸石、工业副产石膏钛石膏分别预破碎至颗粒粒径<15mm;1) pre-crushing calcium carbide slag, siliceous coal gangue and industrial by-product gypsum titanium gypsum to particle size <15mm;
2)配制混合料生料,生料包括30wt%的电石渣,68wt%的硅质煤矸石以及2wt%的工业副产石膏;2) preparing mixed raw meal, the raw meal includes 30wt% of carbide slag, 68wt% of siliceous coal gangue and 2wt% of industrial by-product gypsum;
3)熟料煅烧,混合料生料在650℃电热炉中煅烧30分钟,得到混合料熟料;3) calcining the clinker, calcining the raw material of the mixed material in an electric heating furnace at 650° C. for 30 minutes to obtain the mixed material clinker;
4)混合料制成,熟料中掺入占熟料质量0.05%的分散剂三乙醇胺,混合粉磨至80微米方孔筛筛余<20%的粉体,制得加气混凝土专用混合料。4) The mixture is prepared, the clinker is mixed with the dispersant triethanolamine accounting for 0.05% of the clinker mass, mixed and ground to a powder with an 80-micron square-hole sieve remaining less than 20%, to obtain a special mixture for aerated concrete .
实施例5Example 5
1)将电石渣、硅质煤矸石、工业副产石膏磷石膏分别预破碎至颗粒粒径<15mm;1) pre-crushing calcium carbide slag, siliceous coal gangue and industrial by-product gypsum phosphogypsum to particle size <15mm;
2)配制混合料生料,生料包括35wt%的电石渣,63wt%的硅质煤矸石以及2wt%的工业副产石膏;2) preparing mixed raw meal, the raw meal includes 35wt% of carbide slag, 63wt% of siliceous coal gangue and 2wt% of industrial by-product gypsum;
3)熟料煅烧,混合料生料在600℃电热炉中煅烧30分钟,得到混合料熟料;3) calcining the clinker, and calcining the raw material of the mixed material in an electric heating furnace at 600° C. for 30 minutes to obtain the mixed material clinker;
4)混合料制成,熟料中掺入占熟料质量0.05%的分散剂三乙醇胺,混合粉磨至80微米方孔筛筛余<20%的粉体,制得加气混凝土专用混合料。4) The mixture is prepared, the clinker is mixed with the dispersant triethanolamine accounting for 0.05% of the clinker mass, mixed and ground to a powder with an 80-micron square-hole sieve remaining less than 20%, to obtain a special mixture for aerated concrete .
实施例6Example 6
1)将电石渣、硅质煤矸石、工业副产石膏磷石膏分别预破碎至颗粒粒径<15mm;1) pre-crushing calcium carbide slag, siliceous coal gangue and industrial by-product gypsum phosphogypsum to particle size <15mm;
2)配制混合料生料,生料包括40wt%的电石渣,58wt%的硅质煤矸石以及2wt%的工业副产石膏;2) preparing mixed raw meal, the raw meal includes 40wt% of carbide slag, 58wt% of siliceous coal gangue and 2wt% of industrial by-product gypsum;
3)熟料煅烧,混合料生料在550℃电热炉中煅烧30分钟,得到混合料熟料;3) calcining the clinker, and calcining the raw material of the mixed material in an electric heating furnace at 550° C. for 30 minutes to obtain the mixed material clinker;
4)混合料制成,熟料中掺入占熟料质量0.05%的分散剂乙二醇单异丙醇胺,混合粉磨至80微米方孔筛筛余<20%的粉体,制得加气混凝土专用混合料。4) The mixed material is prepared. The dispersant ethylene glycol monoisopropanolamine, which accounts for 0.05% of the clinker mass, is mixed into the clinker, and the powder is mixed and ground to a powder with a sieve ratio of less than 20% of the 80-micron square-hole sieve to obtain Special mix for aerated concrete.
实施例7Example 7
1)将电石渣、硅质煤矸石、工业副产石膏磷石膏分别预破碎至颗粒粒径<15mm;1) pre-crushing calcium carbide slag, siliceous coal gangue and industrial by-product gypsum phosphogypsum to particle size <15mm;
2)配制混合料生料,生料包括以30wt%的电石渣,66wt%的硅质煤矸石以及4wt%的工业副产石膏;2) preparing mixed raw meal, the raw meal includes 30wt% of carbide slag, 66wt% of siliceous coal gangue and 4wt% of industrial by-product gypsum;
3)熟料煅烧,混合料生料在650℃电热炉中煅烧30分钟,得到混合料熟料;3) calcining the clinker, calcining the raw material of the mixed material in an electric heating furnace at 650° C. for 30 minutes to obtain the mixed material clinker;
4)混合料制成,熟料中掺入占熟料质量0.05%的分散剂三异丙醇胺,混合粉磨至80微米方孔筛筛余<20%的粉体,制得加气混凝土专用混合料。4) The mixture is prepared, the clinker is mixed with the dispersant triisopropanolamine which accounts for 0.05% of the clinker mass, mixed and ground to a powder with a sieve of 80 microns square sieve less than 20%, and the air-entrained concrete is obtained Special mix.
实施例8Example 8
1)将电石渣、硅质煤矸石、工业副产石膏脱硫石膏分别预破碎至颗粒粒径<15mm;1) pre-crushing calcium carbide slag, siliceous coal gangue and industrial by-product gypsum desulfurization gypsum to particle size <15mm;
2)配制混合料生料,生料包括以35wt%的电石渣,61wt%的硅质煤矸石以及4wt%的工业副产石膏;2) preparing mixed raw meal, the raw meal includes 35wt% of carbide slag, 61wt% of siliceous coal gangue and 4wt% of industrial by-product gypsum;
3)熟料煅烧,混合料生料在600℃电热炉中煅烧30分钟,得到混合料熟料;3) calcining the clinker, and calcining the raw material of the mixed material in an electric heating furnace at 600° C. for 30 minutes to obtain the mixed material clinker;
4)混合料制成,熟料中掺入占熟料质量0.05%的分散剂,混合粉磨至80微米方孔筛筛余<20%的粉体,制得加气混凝土专用混合料。4) The mixture is prepared, the clinker is mixed with a dispersant accounting for 0.05% of the mass of the clinker, mixed and ground to a powder with a sieve of 80 micron square holes less than 20% to obtain a special mixture for aerated concrete.
实施例9Example 9
1)将电石渣、硅质煤矸石、工业副产石膏钛石膏分别预破碎至颗粒粒径<15mm;1) pre-crushing calcium carbide slag, siliceous coal gangue and industrial by-product gypsum titanium gypsum to particle size <15mm;
2)配制混合料生料,生料包括40wt%的电石渣,56wt%的硅质煤矸石以及4wt%的工业副产石膏;2) preparing mixed raw meal, the raw meal includes 40wt% of carbide slag, 56wt% of siliceous coal gangue and 4wt% of industrial by-product gypsum;
3)熟料煅烧,混合料生料在550℃电热炉中煅烧30分钟,得到混合料熟料;3) calcining the clinker, and calcining the raw material of the mixed material in an electric heating furnace at 550° C. for 30 minutes to obtain the mixed material clinker;
4)混合料制成,熟料中掺入占熟料质量0.05%的分散剂三乙醇胺,混合粉磨至80微米方孔筛筛余<20%的粉体,制得加气混凝土专用混合料。4) The mixture is prepared, the clinker is mixed with the dispersant triethanolamine accounting for 0.05% of the clinker mass, mixed and ground to a powder with an 80-micron square-hole sieve remaining less than 20%, to obtain a special mixture for aerated concrete .
对比例1Comparative Example 1
本对比例与实施例1相比,煅烧温度为540℃,其余条件均相同。Compared with Example 1, the calcination temperature of this comparative example is 540°C, and other conditions are the same.
对比例2Comparative Example 2
本对比例与实施例1相比,煅烧温度为680℃,其余条件均相同。Compared with Example 1, the calcination temperature of this comparative example is 680°C, and other conditions are the same.
对实施例1-9及对比例1-2制得的加气混凝土专用混合料各成分进行测定,结果如下表所示:Each component of the special admixture for air-entrained concrete prepared by Example 1-9 and Comparative Example 1-2 is measured, and the results are shown in the following table:
表1为实施例1-9及对比例1-2的混合料生料组成和煅烧温度。Table 1 shows the raw meal composition and calcination temperature of the mixed materials of Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-2.
表1Table 1
从以上数据可以看出,本发明的实施例制得的加气混凝土专用混合料,包含了加气混凝土制备需要的钙质、硅质和石膏质成分,计算得到CaO/SiO2摩尔比在0.5-0.83之间,满足加气混凝土对配料中CaO/SiO2摩尔比要求。制备得到的加气混凝土专用混合料,可以不再配入石灰、水泥、粉煤灰、石英砂、石膏等物料,可直接与水、铝粉膏拌合用于各等级加气混凝土生产。It can be seen from the above data that the special mixture for air-entrained concrete prepared by the embodiment of the present invention contains calcium, siliceous and gypsum components required for the preparation of air-entrained concrete, and the calculated CaO/SiO 2 molar ratio is 0.5 Between -0.83, it meets the requirements of the molar ratio of CaO/SiO 2 in the ingredients of air-entrained concrete. The prepared special mixture for aerated concrete can no longer be mixed with lime, cement, fly ash, quartz sand, gypsum and other materials, and can be directly mixed with water and aluminum powder paste for the production of various grades of aerated concrete.
对比例1,煅烧温度过低,电石渣、石膏和煤矸石中结晶水含量较高,硅铝硫等有限组分含量减低,体系活性较低;对比例2,煅烧温度过高,无水CaSO4过烧(溶解度降低),不能起到调节稠度和凝结时间作用。Comparative example 1, the calcination temperature is too low, the crystal water content in carbide slag, gypsum and coal gangue is high, the content of limited components such as silicon aluminum sulfur is reduced, and the system activity is low; comparative example 2, the calcination temperature is too high, anhydrous CaSO 4 Overburning (decreased solubility), can not play the role of adjusting the consistency and setting time.
尽管上面已经通过结合示例性实施例描述了本发明,但是本领域技术人员应该清楚,在不脱离权利要求所限定的精神和范围的情况下,可对本发明的示例性实施例进行各种修改和改变。Although the present invention has been described above in connection with the exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the exemplary embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims. Change.
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