CN104058619A - Method for producing construction materials and generating power by roasting waste gypsum and coal gangue - Google Patents
Method for producing construction materials and generating power by roasting waste gypsum and coal gangue Download PDFInfo
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- CN104058619A CN104058619A CN201410291849.9A CN201410291849A CN104058619A CN 104058619 A CN104058619 A CN 104058619A CN 201410291849 A CN201410291849 A CN 201410291849A CN 104058619 A CN104058619 A CN 104058619A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing construction materials and generating power by roasting waste gypsum and coal gangue, which comprises the following steps: (1) raw material pretreatment; (2) proportioning; (3) roasting; (4) power generation; and (5) milling. The method has the advantages of simple technique and equipment and low investment; the produced roasted slag and series construction material produces have the advantages of wide market, low cost and favorable performance, and have industrial competitive power; and the method can utilize abundant industrial waste gypsum and coal gangue, solve the problem of environmental pollution and secondary hazard caused by wastes, and save abundant non-renewable coal and clay.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the useless power field of profit, be specifically related to the method that roasting gypsum and coal gangue are produced building materials and utilized torrefaction waste gas cogeneration.
Background technology
Along with industrial expansion; especially the pressure of phosphorous chemical industry industrial expansion and industrial enterprise's desulphurization denitration environmental protection policy is carried out; various waste gypsums especially phosphogypsum and desulfurated plaster produce in a large number; another large water and soil source of pollution are become; therefore; for protection water and soil environment, be faced with again the burdensome task that the waste gypsum such as phosphogypsum and desulfurated plaster is processed.When the main method of pre-treatment waste gypsum has:
1) store up or landfill with looking for, among what Some Enterprises was hidden directly pour waste gypsum into cavern, mine, underground river and remote ditch river, be actually and expanded water and soil environmental pollution.
2) modification or solidify after replace the plaster of paris to make cement adjustable solidification agent, but this method digestion is limited, because in fact the contained detrimental impurity of waste gypsum has certain influence to cement performance, meanwhile, in the course of processing, can consume the modified firming agents such as the energy and lime, cement.
3) be building gypsum plaster or anhydrite powder by dry waste gypsum, roasting, grinding, be used for plasterboard processed, brick, this need to consume a large amount of fat coals source, the plastering low strength of producing is not water-fast again, purposes is limited, and and heavy metal compound in waste gypsum be difficult to admittedly be melted in crystal of calcium sulfate body and be easy to leach.
4) by dry waste gypsum, grinding, for sulfuric acid processed and by-product cement, but fact proved, this also can consume a large amount of high-quality bituminous coal and electric energy, pollutes greatly, and investment is large, and cost is high, current, and enterprise is not because having economy substantially to stop production.
5) waste gypsum powder process is combined into " soil modifier ", shows but put into practice, use this soil modifier, the soil that can harden, expands heavy metal contamination.
On the other hand, along with the popularization of Bian coal, Piling of Gangue, as mountain, has produced many secondary disasters in many mining areas, and provincial government of Part Coal Mine district has put into effect the preferential policy of 100 yuan, one ton of coal gangue subsidy of every use, but produces little effect.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of method of provide that technique is simple, the roasting waste gypsum of less investment and coal gangue being produced building materials and generating, can directly utilize industrial waste gypsum and coal gangue.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing is that a kind of roasting waste gypsum and coal gangue are produced the method for building materials and generating, comprise the following steps:
(1) raw materials pretreatment: the waste gypsum of caking is crushed to granularity < 20mm, adds gypsum bunker, the waste gypsum of powdery is directly into gypsum bunker; Coal gangue is crushed to granularity < 20mm and enters coal gangue feed bin;
Block auxiliary material is crushed to granularity < 30mm and enters auxiliary material storehouse, powdery auxiliary material is directly into auxiliary material storehouse; Described auxiliary material is one or several in calcium carbide factory's used lime, useless Jiao, carbide slag, lime mud, lime, rock ballast, Wingdale, coal, high-al clay or bauxitic clay etc.;
(2) batching: by step (1) gained waste gypsum, coal gangue, auxiliary material batching, quality proportioning is gypsum: coal gangue: auxiliary material=30～70:30～70:3～30;
(3) roasting: waste gypsum, coal gangue, auxiliary material that step (2) is measured are sent in stoving oven, roasting under 700 DEG C～1150 DEG C, oxidizing atmosphere, can be by adjusting the quality proportioning control maturing temperature of waste gypsum, coal gangue, auxiliary material;
Preferred excess air coefficient >=10% of described oxidizing atmosphere;
(4) generating: the high-temperature flue gas that step (3) stoving oven roasting is produced through settling pocket or/and in tornado dust collector remove portion after coarse particles dust, for the generating of electrification component unit;
(5) grinding: the roasting material after stoving oven roasting is that 80 μ m tail over the powder of < 15wt% through grinding machine grinding, or to add slag, coal ash cinder, cement clinker etc. be the powder that 80 μ m tail over < 15% through grinding machine grinding.
Gained powder can adopt current techique produce special terra alba, mortar, brick, watt, the building material product such as plate, certainly, also roasting material directly can be taken out.
Further, in step (1), the preferred industrial waste gypsum of described waste gypsum, as desulfurated plaster, phosphogypsum etc.; Certainly, also can adopt the plaster of paris.
Further, in step (3), described stoving oven is vertical kiln, chain furnace, fluid bed furnace or fluidizing furnace etc.
The described generator unit preferred maturity cogeneration unit block that utilizes 350 DEG C ~ 450 DEG C of waste gas residual heats application, low investment, comprises waste heat boiler, gas-turbine, generator, deoxygenation water supply and sewage device, fly-ash separator and exhaust blower etc.
Know-why of the present invention:
1) research shows, utilize the contained combustiblematerials of coal gangue as the energy, employing is convenient to the vertical kiln, fluid bed furnace, fluidizing furnace of particulate coal spoil burning etc. as roasting apparatus, with the heat energy of coal gangue burning, roasting in 700 DEG C～1150 DEG C temperature ranges, the essential mineral aluminosilicate mineral in thermolysis coal gangue is the SiO that has potential hydration activity
2, Al
2o
3, Fe
2o
3deng, meanwhile, synchronously roasting waste gypsum in 700 DEG C～1150 DEG C temperature ranges, makes waste gypsum be converted into the anhydrite of hydration activity, utilizes these to have the SiO of potential hydration activity
2, Al
2o
3, Fe
2o
3deng at anhydrite (CaSO
4) and Ca(OH)
2exist lower can generate the calcium silicate hydrate gel and calcium hydroaluminosulfate and the hydration sulphur calcium ferrite that have a water resisting property by hydration reaction, and anhydrous anhydrite hydration is dihydrate gypsum, thus increase intensity, can be for the production of material of construction.
2), utilize the waste gas residual heat generating of 350～450 DEG C, select that application is ripe and inexpensive cogeneration thermomechanical components unit carries out cogeneration with stoving oven waste gas residual heat, make pre-treatment, batching, roasting heat and grinding to external world electric energy substantially realize zero consumption.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1) technique and equipment are simple, invest littlely, and the fired slags of producing and material series building produce market are wide, and cost is low, and performance is good, has industrial competitiveness.
2) can utilize in a large number industrial waste gypsum and coal gangue, dissolve pollution and the secondary disaster problem of waste to environment, and can save lower a large amount of non-renewable fire coal and clay.
3) application of the present invention can make the power consumption production of construction materials of high consumption coal, power consumption be converted into basic zero consumption to coal-fired and extraneous electric energy, is beneficial to social Sustainable development, environmentally friendly.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The roasting waste gypsum of the present embodiment and coal gangue are produced the method for building materials and generating, comprise the following steps:
(1) raw materials pretreatment: by the desulfurated plaster of powdery directly into gypsum bunker; Lumped coal spoil is crushed to granularity < 12mm and enters coal gangue feed bin, technical analysis coal gangue mean calorie is 952kcal/kg; Auxiliary material is selected the waste rock ballast in mine, lime mountain, detects particle diameter 0.1～8mm, CaCO
3mass content 84%, auxiliary material rock ballast is directly into auxiliary material rock ballast storehouse;
(2) batching: by step (1) gained desulfurated plaster, coal gangue, auxiliary material batching, quality proportioning is gypsum: coal gangue: auxiliary material=42: 45: 13;
(3) roasting: gypsum, coal gangue, auxiliary material that step (2) is measured are sent in fluid bed furnace, (excess air coefficient 1.25) roasting under 850 DEG C～1000 DEG C, oxidizing atmosphere;
(4) high-temperature flue gas step (3) fluid bed furnace being produced is after coarse particles dust in tornado dust collector remove portion, and for the generating of 2.5MW cogeneration monobloc, 60000kw.h generates electricity day;
(5) together with the roasting material after fluid bed furnace roasting and the flying dust collected through waste heat boiler and fly-ash separator, be the powder that 80 μ m tail over < 3wt% through grinding machine grinding.
Based on there is no and can sort out and use for reference in material composition composition of the present invention and characteristic existing standard, according to GB/T17671-1999(ISO method) regulation method measure cement mortar strength, volume stability carries out the test of cement mortar contract with dry rate by JC/T603-1985, powder 3 days intensity resistance to compression 24.8MPa, anti-folding 4.3MPa, 7 days intensity resistance to compression 34.1MPa, anti-folding 6.9MPa, 28 days intensity resistance to compression 38.5MPa, anti-folding 7.8MPa, coefficient of softening 0.95; 3 days drying shrinkage value-0.12 × 10
-3, 28 days drying shrinkage value-2.23 × 10
-3, 60 days drying shrinkage value-2.26 × 10
-3, belong to microdilatancy, and 28 days stable.
(2) make floor gypsum with this powder, self-leveling is good, surfacing, and hardness is high, does not play ash.
With this powder production gas concrete, unit weight 600kg/m
3shi Qiangdu reaches resistance to compression 15.3MPa, coefficient of softening 0.81.
The fragmentation of native system raw material, batching, roasting, grinding, generating amount to maximum 1350kW from electricity consumption, have at least every day 27600kw.h electric weight more than needed can supply to sell outward, except igniting is with a small amount of faggot and coal, while maintaining normal production, do not need with outsourcing coal and electricity, also have every day at least 27600 degree electricity can supply to sell outward.
Embodiment 2
Adopt the device of embodiment 1, the roasting gypsum of the present embodiment and coal gangue are produced the method for building materials and generating, comprise the following steps:
(1) raw materials pretreatment: be crushed to < 20mm and enter gypsum bunker naturally throwing aside the block phosphogypsum of storing up caking; Lumped coal spoil is crushed to granularity < 12mm and enters coal gangue feed bin, technical analysis coal gangue mean calorie is 932kcal/kg; Auxiliary material aluminium alumina, lime mud and high sulphur coal (sulphur content 8.2%, calorific value 5700Kcal/Kg), auxiliary material bauxitic clay, lime mud and high sulphur coal Bian are broken for particle diameter < 10mm material with hammer mill, enter respectively auxiliary material bauxitic clay storehouse, lime mud storehouse and coal bunker;
(2) batching: by step (1) gained gypsum, coal gangue, auxiliary material batching, quality proportioning is gypsum: coal gangue: auxiliary material=44: 37: bauxitic clay 5, lime mud 10, high sulphur coal 4 in 19(auxiliary material);
(3) roasting: gypsum, coal gangue, auxiliary material that step (2) is measured are sent in fluid bed furnace, (excess air coefficient 1.3) roasting under 900 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C, oxidizing atmosphere;
(4) by step (3) fluid bed furnace high-temperature flue gas, after coarse particles dust in tornado dust collector remove portion, flue gas is for the generating of 2.5MW cogeneration monobloc, and 60000kw.h generates electricity day;
(5) together with the flying dust that the roasting material after fluid bed furnace roasting and waste heat boiler are collected with fly-ash separator, be the powder that 80 μ m tail over < 3wt% through grinding machine grinding.
According to GB/T17671-1999(ISO method) regulation method measure cement mortar strength, volume stability carries out the test of cement mortar contract with dry rate by JC/T603-1985, powder 3 days intensity resistance to compression 27.9MPa, anti-folding 4.5MPa, 7 days intensity resistance to compression 38.1MPa, anti-folding 6.9MPa, 28 days intensity resistance to compression 42.4MPa, anti-folding 7.9MPa, coefficient of softening 0.94; 3 days drying shrinkage value-0.15 × 10
-3, 28 days drying shrinkage value-2.29 × 10
-3, 60 days drying shrinkage value-2.29 × 10
-3, belong to microdilatancy, and 28 days stable.
Do Self-leveling floor with this powder, good leveling property, surfacing, hardness is high, does not play ash.
With this powder production gas concrete, unit weight 497kg/m
3shi Qiangdu reaches resistance to compression 7.3MPa, coefficient of softening 0.78.
The fragmentation of native system raw material, batching, roasting, grinding, generating amount to maximum 1350kW from electricity consumption, electric weight more than needed can be for selling outward, except igniting is with a small amount of faggot and coal, while maintaining normal production, do not need with outsourcing coal and electricity, also have average every day 33200 degree electricity can supply to sell outward.
Embodiment 3
The roasting gypsum of the present embodiment and coal gangue are produced the method for building materials and generating, comprise the following steps:
(1) raw materials pretreatment: by the phosphogypsum of powdery directly into gypsum bunker; Lumped coal spoil is crushed to granularity < 10mm and enters coal gangue feed bin, technical analysis coal gangue mean calorie is 765kcal/kg; Auxiliary material is selected dry acetylene sludge powder and broken bavin coal (outsourcing, particle diameter < 30mm), and auxiliary material calcium carbide ground-slag is directly into auxiliary material carbide slag storehouse, bavin coal calorific value 3100kcal/kg, and granular bavin coal enters auxiliary material bavin coal bunker;
(2) batching: by step (1) gained gypsum, coal gangue, auxiliary material batching, quality proportioning is gypsum: coal gangue: auxiliary material=50: 30: carbide slag 13, bavin coal 7 in 20(auxiliary material);
(3) roasting: gypsum, coal gangue, auxiliary material that step (2) is measured are sent in fluidizing furnace, (excess air coefficient 1.3) roasting under 900 DEG C～1100 DEG C, oxidizing atmosphere;
(4) by step (3) fluidizing furnace high-temperature flue gas, after coarse particles dust in settling pocket and tornado dust collector remove portion, flue gas is for the generating of 2MW cogeneration monobloc, and 48000kw.h generates electricity day;
(5) together with the flying dust that the roasting material after boiling roaster and waste heat boiler are collected with fly-ash separator, be the powder that 80 μ m tail over < 2% through grinding machine grinding.
According to GB/T17671-1999(ISO method) regulation method measure cement mortar strength, volume stability carries out the test of cement mortar contract with dry rate by JC/T603-1985, powder 3 days intensity resistance to compression 19.8MPa, anti-folding 2.9MPa, 7 days intensity resistance to compression 31.7MPa, anti-folding 5.8MPa, 28 days intensity resistance to compression 35.4MPa, anti-folding 7.4MPa, coefficient of softening 0.91; 3 days drying shrinkage value-0.19 × 10
-3,, 28 days drying shrinkage value-2.33 × 10
-3, 60 days drying shrinkage value-2.37 × 10
-3, belong to microdilatancy, and 28 days stable.
Make floor gypsum with this powder, self-leveling is good, surfacing, and hardness is high, does not play ash.
With this powder production hollow brick, unit weight 1000kg/m
3shi Qiangdu reaches resistance to compression 17.6MPa, coefficient of softening 0.80.
The fragmentation of native system raw material, batching, roasting, grinding, generating amount to maximum 1180kW from electricity consumption, have at least every day 19680kw.h electric weight more than needed can supply to sell outward, except igniting is with a small amount of faggot, while maintaining normal production, do not need with outsourcing coal and electricity, also have every day at least 10680 degree electricity can supply to sell outward.
Embodiment 4
Adopt embodiment 3 product line devices, the roasting gypsum of the present embodiment and coal gangue are produced the method for building materials and generating, comprise the following steps:
(1) raw materials pretreatment: by the phosphogypsum of powdery directly into gypsum bunker; Lumped coal spoil is crushed to granularity < 10mm and enters coal gangue feed bin, technical analysis coal gangue mean calorie is 1056kcal/kg; Auxiliary material is selected From Petrol Coke In Refining Factory (outsourcing, particle diameter < 30mm), auxiliary material refinery coke calorific value 7380kcal/kg, and granular oil cinder enters cinder storehouse;
(2) batching: by step (1) gained gypsum, coal gangue, auxiliary material batching, quality proportioning is gypsum: coal gangue: auxiliary material=60: 36: 4;
(3) roasting: gypsum, coal gangue, auxiliary material that step (2) is measured are sent in fluidizing furnace, roasting (excess air coefficient 1.35) under 950 DEG C ~ 1050 DEG C, oxidizing atmosphere;
(4) flue gas is for the generating of 2MW cogeneration monobloc after coarse particles dust in settling pocket and tornado dust collector remove portion for high-temperature flue gas step (3) fluidizing furnace being produced, and 48000kw.h generates electricity day;
(5) 100 parts of roasting materials after boiling roaster add 25 parts of slags and 8 parts of unslaked limes are the powder that 80 μ m tail over < 3% through grinding machine grinding.
According to GB/T17671-1999(ISO method) regulation method measure cement mortar strength, volume stability carries out the test of cement mortar contract with dry rate by JC/T603-1985, powder 3 days intensity resistance to compression 17.8MPa, anti-folding 2.5MPa, 7 days intensity resistance to compression 30.7MPa, anti-folding 5.4MPa, 28 days intensity resistance to compression 32.9MPa, anti-folding 5.2MPa, coefficient of softening 0.80; 3 days drying shrinkage value-0.19 × 10
-3,, 28 days drying shrinkage value-2.36 × 10
-3, 60 days drying shrinkage value-2.37 × 10
-3, belong to microdilatancy, and 28 days stable.
Make floor self-leveling with this powder good, surfacing, hardness is high, does not play ash.
With this powder production aerated blocks, unit weight 500kg/m
3shi Qiangdu reaches resistance to compression 9.6MPa, coefficient of softening 0.76.
The fragmentation of native system raw material, batching, roasting, grinding, generating amount to maximum 1180kW from electricity consumption, electric weight more than needed can be for selling outward, except igniting is with a small amount of faggot, while maintaining normal production, do not need with outsourcing coal and electricity, also have every day at least 17900 degree electricity can supply to sell outward.
Claims (6)
1. roasting waste gypsum and coal gangue are produced a method for building materials and generating, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) raw materials pretreatment: the waste gypsum of caking is crushed to granularity < 20mm, adds gypsum bunker, the waste gypsum of powdery is directly into gypsum bunker; Coal gangue is crushed to granularity < 20mm and enters coal gangue feed bin;
Block auxiliary material is crushed to granularity < 30mm and enters auxiliary material storehouse, powdery auxiliary material is directly into auxiliary material storehouse; Described auxiliary material is one or several in calcium carbide factory's used lime, useless Jiao, carbide slag, lime mud, lime, rock ballast, Wingdale, coal, high-al clay or bauxitic clay;
(2) batching: by step (1) gained waste gypsum, coal gangue, auxiliary material batching, quality proportioning is gypsum: coal gangue: auxiliary material=30～70: 30～70: 3～30;
(3) roasting: waste gypsum, coal gangue, auxiliary material that step (2) is measured are sent in stoving oven, roasting under 700 DEG C～1150 DEG C, oxidizing atmosphere;
(4) generating: the high-temperature flue gas that step (3) stoving oven roasting is produced through settling pocket or/and in tornado dust collector remove portion after coarse particles dust, for the generating of electrification component unit;
(5) grinding: the roasting material after stoving oven roasting is that 80 μ m tail over the powder of < 15wt% through grinding machine grinding, or adds slag, coal ash cinder, cement clinker, is the powder that 80 μ m tail over < 15% through grinding machine grinding.
2. roasting gypsum as claimed in claim 1 and coal gangue are produced the method for building materials and generating, it is characterized in that, in step (3), described stoving oven is vertical kiln, chain furnace, fluid bed furnace or fluidizing furnace.
3. roasting gypsum as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and coal gangue are produced the method for building materials and generating, it is characterized in that, described electrification component unit is the cogeneration assembly unit that utilizes 350 DEG C～450 DEG C of waste gas residual heats.
4. roasting gypsum as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and coal gangue are produced the method for building materials and generating, it is characterized in that, in step (1), described waste gypsum is industrial waste gypsum.
5. roasting gypsum as claimed in claim 4 and coal gangue are produced the method for building materials and generating, it is characterized in that, described industrial waste gypsum is desulfurated plaster or phosphogypsum.
6. roasting gypsum as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and coal gangue are produced the method for building materials and generating, it is characterized in that, and in step (3), excess air coefficient >=10% in described oxidizing atmosphere.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN105060748A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-11-18 | 湖南省小尹无忌环境能源科技开发有限公司 | Method for manufacturing special anhydrite cooked slag by using processing phosphogypsum in rotary kiln factories |
| CN105060749A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-18 | 湖南省小尹无忌环境能源科技开发有限公司 | Method for preparing special anhydrite gel material by treating phosphogypsum by using tunnel kiln device |
| CN109776005A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-05-21 | 郑州三迪建筑科技有限公司 | A kind of phosphogypsum calcining furnace |
| CN111825430A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-10-27 | 淮南东辰集团有限责任公司 | High-strength coal gangue ceramsite and preparation method thereof |
| CN114573318A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-03 | 嘉华特种水泥股份有限公司 | Special mixture for aerated concrete and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105060748A (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-11-18 | 湖南省小尹无忌环境能源科技开发有限公司 | Method for manufacturing special anhydrite cooked slag by using processing phosphogypsum in rotary kiln factories |
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| CN111825430A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-10-27 | 淮南东辰集团有限责任公司 | High-strength coal gangue ceramsite and preparation method thereof |
| CN114573318A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-03 | 嘉华特种水泥股份有限公司 | Special mixture for aerated concrete and preparation method thereof |
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|---|---|
| CN104058619B (en) | 2016-01-27 |
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Effective date of registration: 20161110 Address after: 410205 Hunan province Changsha Wenxuan High-tech Development Zone, Road No. 27 Lu Valley Yuyuan D3-101 building two floor Patentee after: CHANGSHA ZICHEN TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. Address before: 410013 Hunan province high tech Development Zone C2 group Binjiang fortune Silicon Valley building, room 5, building 510, room Patentee before: Yin Xiaolin |