CN114573189A - Goaf acidic wastewater treatment structure and method - Google Patents
Goaf acidic wastewater treatment structure and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114573189A CN114573189A CN202210259590.4A CN202210259590A CN114573189A CN 114573189 A CN114573189 A CN 114573189A CN 202210259590 A CN202210259590 A CN 202210259590A CN 114573189 A CN114573189 A CN 114573189A
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- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004887 ferric hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940094522 laponite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B lithium magnesium sodium silicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Na+].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3 XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
- C02F1/705—Reduction by metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
A goaf acidic wastewater treatment structure comprises a primary filter structure, wherein the primary filter structure is arranged at an opening position of a coal mine goaf, a permeable reactive barrier is arranged on the primary filter structure, and zero-valent iron is arranged in the permeable reactive barrier and is used for reducing the valence state of heavy metals in acidic wastewater or degrading organic matters; the secondary filtering structure is arranged on the water outlet side of the primary filtering structure and comprises an alkaline filtering tank for neutralizing the acidic wastewater; the third-stage filtering structure is arranged on the water outlet side of the second-stage filtering structure, and the water outlet side of the third-stage filtering structure is a river channel; the three-stage filtering structure comprises a purifying tank and a plant cultivation plate arranged on the purifying tank, and aquatic plants are cultivated on the plant cultivation plate. According to the invention, through the primary filtering structure, the secondary filtering structure and the tertiary filtering structure, the acidic wastewater is filtered and purified step by step, so that the acidic wastewater reaches the standard and then is discharged into a river channel in the natural environment, and the damage to the ecological environment around the goaf is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of acidic wastewater, and particularly relates to a goaf acidic wastewater treatment structure and a goaf acidic wastewater treatment method.
Background
One of the abundant provinces of China's coal resources is Guizhou, the sulfur content in the coal mine in the area is close to or higher than 3%, in the coal mine exploitation process, oxidation-reduction reaction is spontaneously carried out due to the occurrence of environmental change of sulfides contained in a coal-bearing stratum, and in addition, many coal mines in Guizhou mainly use small coal mines as a plurality, mine water and coal laponite are discharged out of order, and meanwhile, a mine behind waste gas is not treated by people, so that the acid waste water in the coal mine is brought into the natural ecological environment when encountering rain weather.
After a coal seam is mined, coal mine contact air is in an oxidation environment, pyrite in the coal mine is in contact with mine water and air to generate chemical reaction, sulfuric acid and ferric hydroxide are generated, water is made acidic, acidic mine water is produced, then rainwater permeates into a mined-out area in rainy weather, rainwater takes the acidic mine water out of the mined-out area and flows into a natural ecological environment, and the wastewater flowing into the natural environment is mine water with the pH value lower than 6, is extremely destructive to the ecological environment and is mainly characterized by low pH value, generally 4-6, and contains high-concentration sulfate and various soluble heavy metal ions, such as Fe2+、Mn2+And if the cleaning cannot be carried out in time, serious damage can be caused to rivers and vegetation around the goaf.
The patent CN103755043A discloses a biological permeable reactive barrier system for underground in-situ remediation of acidic wastewater in coal mines, wherein the biological permeable reactive barrier system comprises four layers, namely a buffer protection barrier, an iron powder permeable reactive barrier, a biological medical stone permeable reactive barrier and a buffer protection barrier; the water outlet pool is of a sectional clapboard type, so that the biological permeable wall is always in a water-filled anaerobic state in the running process of the system; the acidic wastewater of the coal mine is collected and naturally precipitated in front of the water inlet tank, flows into the buffer protection wall under the action of gravity, then flows through the iron powder permeable reaction wall, the biological medical stone permeable reaction wall and the buffer protection wall in sequence, and flows into the water outlet pool after biological-non-biological synergistic treatment. However, in this patent, a water treatment structure is not adopted for water treatment, and the water treatment effect is not obvious. In addition, the fillers in the internal buffer protection wall, the iron powder permeable reactive wall and the biological medical stone permeable reactive wall are not convenient to replace in the later period after being consumed.
Patent CN207159014U discloses a tailings pond acidic wastewater treatment system, which comprises a chemical neutralization treatment system and an artificial wetland treatment system which are sequentially arranged, and the system is mainly combined with the artificial wetland for treatment by using a chemical neutralization mode, and the valence state of heavy metals in the wastewater cannot be changed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a goaf acidic wastewater treatment structure and aims to solve the technical problems.
In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present invention provides a goaf acidic wastewater treatment structure, including:
the primary filtering structure is arranged at the position of an opening of a coal mine goaf, a permeable reactive wall is arranged on the primary filtering structure, and zero-valent iron is arranged in the permeable reactive wall and is used for reducing the valence state of heavy metals in the acidic wastewater or degrading organic matters;
the secondary filtering structure is arranged on the water outlet side of the primary filtering structure and comprises an alkaline filtering tank for neutralizing the acidic wastewater;
the third-stage filtering structure is arranged on the water outlet side of the second-stage filtering structure, and the water outlet side of the third-stage filtering structure is a river channel; the three-stage filtering structure comprises a purifying tank and a plant cultivation plate arranged on the purifying tank, and aquatic plants are cultivated on the plant cultivation plate;
the first-stage filtering structure, the second-stage filtering structure and the third-stage filtering structure are distributed in a stepped manner in sequence, the level of the second-stage filtering structure is lower than that of the first-stage filtering structure, and the level of the third-stage filtering structure is lower than that of the second-stage filtering structure.
Preferably, the permeable reactive wall comprises a rectangular frame and a plurality of filter plates; the filter plates are arranged in the rectangular frame along the drainage direction; the filter plate can be drawn out of or inserted into the rectangular frame along the vertical direction; a handle is arranged at the top of the filter plate; the interior of the filter plate is hollow, and zero-valent iron is filled in a hollow inner cavity of the filter plate and is also filled with zeolite and a carbon source.
Preferably, the secondary filtering structure further comprises a plurality of material plates; a plurality of material plates are arranged in the alkaline filter tank along the water flow direction; a plurality of pairs of double-layer clamping plates are fixedly arranged on the alkaline filter tank, each material plate is arranged inside each pair of double-layer clamping plates, and the material plates can be drawn out of or inserted into the double-layer clamping plates along the vertical direction; the double-layer clamping plate and the material plate are both hollow; the interior of the material plate is hollow and is filled with alkaline neutralizing substances.
Further, the alkaline neutralization substances filled in the material plate are lime and caustic soda or carbide slag and boiler ash alkaline substances.
Preferably, the plant cultivation plate is formed by arranging and splicing a plurality of plate bodies; one end of each plate body is provided with a convex part, and the other end of each plate body is provided with a concave part; through holes are formed in the two sides of the concave part and the convex part; after the plurality of plate bodies are arranged, the convex part of one plate body is embedded into the concave part of the other plate body, the convex part is communicated with the through holes at the two sides of the concave part, and the connecting rod is arranged in the through holes in a penetrating mode to form the plant cultivation plate.
Preferably, a groove is arranged on each plate body; the inner bottom surface of the groove is hollowed out; a sleeve is arranged on the groove, and aquatic plants are arranged in the sleeve; a clamping block is arranged at the lower part of the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve; the inner wall of the groove is provided with a positioning groove and a clamping groove, and the positioning groove is connected with the clamping groove through a rotary groove; when the sleeve is inserted into the groove and rotates, the clamping block is clamped into the clamping groove from the positioning groove and through the rotating groove; and a spring is arranged between the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the groove and the lower end surface of the sleeve.
Preferably, clamping plates are arranged at two ends of the upstream surface of the rectangular frame, and a cleaning mechanism is arranged between the clamping plates; this clean mechanism includes:
the two lifting rods are vertically arranged on the clamping plates at two ends of the upstream surface of the rectangular frame respectively, and can move up and down in the clamping plates;
the two ends of the connecting plate are respectively connected with the lower end of the lifting rod;
the arc plate is arranged on the connecting plate, one side of the arc plate, which is far away from the rectangular frame, is inclined upwards, and the front end of the arc plate is flush with the bottom surface of the opening of the coal mine goaf; the two ends of the arc-shaped plate are provided with baffle plates.
Preferably, the two sides of the filter plate are provided with aeration pipes, and the air inlet ends of the aeration pipes are connected to the main pipe together; the main pipe extends out of the permeable reactive barrier; the surface of the filter plate is provided with a hairbrush, and the bristles of the hairbrush extend to the aerator pipe.
Preferably, a fixed hook is arranged at the front end of the purification pool, and the front end of the plant cultivation plate is hooked on the fixed hook; a flow buffering plate is arranged between the water outlet side of the purification tank and the river channel.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a goaf acidic wastewater treatment method, which adopts the goaf acidic wastewater treatment structure and comprises the following steps:
step S1: laying a primary filtering structure, firstly preprocessing an opening of a coal mine goaf, leveling the bottom surface of the opening of the coal mine goaf, cleaning residual slag, stones and dead branches and rotten leaves on the surface of the opening, then arranging a permeable reactive barrier, and simultaneously filling a gap between the permeable reactive barrier and the opening of the coal mine goaf;
step S2: laying a secondary filtering structure, excavating a first step outside an opening of a coal mine goaf, arranging an alkaline filtering tank in the first step, wherein the height of the head end of the alkaline filtering tank is lower than the lower end of the permeable reactive wall, and the height of the tail end of the alkaline filtering tank is lower than the height of the head end of the alkaline filtering tank;
step S3: laying a three-stage filtering structure, excavating a second step on one side of the first step, arranging a purifying tank in the second step, wherein the head end of the purifying tank is lower than the lower part of the tail end of the alkaline filtering tank 6, the tail end of the purifying tank is lower than the head end of the purifying tank, a plant cultivation plate 10 is laid in the purifying tank 9, and the front end of the plant cultivation plate is fixed on the head end of the purifying tank;
step S4: river course river body protection sets up the buffer plate in the play water side of purifying tank, and the buffer plate setting is in the hookup location department between purifying tank and river course.
Preferably, in rainy weather, the flow direction and the flowing water of the water flow of the opening of the coal mine goaf are observed, and the plugging condition of the gap between the permeable reactive wall and the opening is prevented, so that the water flow is prevented from dispersing and flowing all around.
Preferably, after 3-5 times of rainwater weather, the filter plate and the material plate are taken out, the materials filled in the filter plate and the material plate are observed, and meanwhile, the pH value of the river water is detected through an acid-base detection instrument.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, through the primary filtering structure, the secondary filtering structure and the tertiary filtering structure, the acidic wastewater is filtered and purified step by step, so that the acidic wastewater reaches the standard and then is discharged into a river channel in the natural environment, and the damage to the ecological environment around the goaf is reduced.
(2) In the invention, zero-valent iron is arranged in the permeable reactive barrier, and the reduction property of the zero-valent iron is utilized to reduce the valence state of heavy metal or degrade organic matters, thereby reducing the mobility or toxicity of the acidic wastewater. Since the filter plate in the permeable reactive wall can be drawn out or inserted from the rectangular frame in the vertical direction, the structure makes it easier to replace the packing inside the filter plate.
(3) The acid wastewater is neutralized by filling lime and caustic soda in the material plate, and when the acid wastewater is close to the PH value of river water, the acid wastewater is discharged into a river channel, wherein the filling in the material plate can be lime and caustic soda, and can also be calcium carbide slag and boiler ash alkaline substances, so that various choices are provided.
(4) In the invention, zeolite and a carbon source are also filled in the filter plate as fillers, and the zeolite further adsorbs toxic substances in the acidic wastewater by utilizing the adsorption effect and the precipitation effect of the zeolite; meanwhile, the carbon source filler is used for enhancing the reaction activity of microorganisms and improving the efficiency of degrading organic matters.
(5) In the invention, the aeration pipes are arranged on two sides of the filter plate, the surface of the filter plate is provided with the brush, and the brush of the brush extends to the aeration pipes. When the filter plate is soaked in the acidic wastewater for a long time, the filter holes on the surface of the filter plate are blocked by impurities in the water, the impurities filled in the filter holes are cleaned by blowing gas into the aeration pipe, and meanwhile, impurities filled in micropores on the surface of the zeolite can be cleaned, so that the zeolite has the adsorption and purification effects again, and the single service life of the zeolite is prolonged; in addition, the filter plate is being taken out or the in-process of inserting rectangular frame, and the filter plate surface is provided with the hair brush and can clears up the adhesion thing of aeration pipe surface adhesion.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an acidic wastewater treatment structure according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a permeable reactive barrier according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a permeable reactive barrier according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the plant-cultivating board according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a matching structure of the plate body and the sleeve according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a view showing the combination of the fixing hook and the plant cultivation plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a brush disposed on the surface of a filter plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of the method for treating acidic wastewater according to the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
1-first stage filtering structure; 2-a secondary filtration structure; 3-a three-level filtering structure; 4-a rectangular frame; 5-a filter plate; 6-an alkaline filter tank; 7-double layer splint; 8-material plate; 9-a purification tank; 10-plant cultivation plates; 11-a plate body; 12-a sleeve; 13-a connecting rod; 14-a convex part; 15-a recess; 16-a via; 17-a groove; 18-a spring; 19-a positioning groove; 20-turning the groove; 21-a card slot; 22-a fixture block; 23-a clamping plate; 24-lifting the pull rod; 26-a connecting plate; 27-an arc plate; 28-a baffle; 29-an aerator pipe; 30-a trunk pipe; 31-fixed hook; 32-buffer plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions relating to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In addition, technical solutions between the embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization of the technical solutions by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory to each other or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
With reference to fig. 1, a goaf acidic wastewater treatment structure includes:
the primary filtering structure 1 is arranged at the position of an opening of a coal mine goaf, a permeable reaction wall is arranged on the primary filtering structure 1, and zero-valent iron is arranged in the permeable reaction wall and used for reducing the valence state of heavy metal in the acidic wastewater or degrading organic matters;
the secondary filtering structure 2 is arranged on the water outlet side of the primary filtering structure 1, and the secondary filtering structure 2 comprises an alkaline filtering tank 6 for neutralizing the acidic wastewater;
the third-stage filtering structure 3 is arranged on the water outlet side of the second-stage filtering structure 2, and the water outlet side of the third-stage filtering structure 3 is a river channel; the three-stage filtering structure 3 comprises a purifying tank 9 and a plant cultivation plate 10 arranged on the purifying tank 9, and aquatic plants are cultivated on the plant cultivation plate 10; by planting the aquatic plants in the purifying tank 9, the aquatic plants purify the water again, so that the water quality is improved;
the first-level filtering structure 1, the second-level filtering structure 2 and the third-level filtering structure 3 are distributed in a stepped manner in sequence, the level of the second-level filtering structure 2 is lower than that of the first-level filtering structure 1, and the level of the third-level filtering structure 3 is lower than that of the second-level filtering structure 2. Through the primary filtering structure 1, the secondary filtering structure 2 and the tertiary filtering structure 3, the acidic wastewater is filtered and purified step by step, and is discharged into a river channel in a natural environment after reaching the standard, so that the damage to the ecological environment around the goaf is reduced.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the permeable reactive barrier comprises a rectangular frame 4 and a plurality of filter plates 5; a plurality of filter plates 5 are arranged in the rectangular frame 4 along the drainage direction; the filter plate 5 can be drawn out of or inserted into the rectangular frame 4 in the vertical direction; a handle is arranged at the top of the filter plate 5; the interior of the filter plate 5 is hollow, and zero-valent iron is filled in the hollow inner cavity of the filter plate 5 and is also filled with zeolite and a carbon source.
The zero-valent iron utilizes the reducibility thereof to reduce the valence state of heavy metal or degrade organic matters, thereby reducing the mobility or toxicity of the acidic wastewater; the zeolite further adsorbs toxic substances in the acidic wastewater by utilizing the adsorption effect and the precipitation effect of the zeolite; meanwhile, the carbon source filler is used for enhancing the microbial reaction activity and improving the efficiency of degrading organic matters. When the materials of zeolite and carbon source filler are used for a period of time, micropores on the zeolite can be blocked, the carbon source can be consumed completely, the filter plate 5 can be drawn out from the rectangular frame 4 or inserted into the rectangular frame 4 along the vertical direction, and therefore when new filler needs to be replaced, the filter plate 5 is drawn out from the rectangular frame 4, and then the new filler is replaced and inserted into the rectangular frame 4, so that the effective filtration and purification of the primary filter structure 1 on the acidic wastewater are ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, the secondary filter structure 2 further includes a plurality of material plates 8; a plurality of material plates 8 are arranged in the alkaline filter tank 6 along the water flow direction; a plurality of pairs of double-layer clamping plates 7 are fixedly arranged on the alkaline filter tank 6, each material plate 8 is arranged inside each pair of double-layer clamping plates 7, and the material plates 8 can be drawn out or inserted from the double-layer clamping plates 7 along the vertical direction; the double-layer clamping plate 7 and the material plate 8 are both hollow; the material plate 8 is hollow and filled with an alkaline neutralizing agent. Further, the alkaline neutralization substances filled in the material plate 8 are lime and caustic soda, or carbide slag and boiler ash alkaline substances. And neutralizing the acidic wastewater by using an alkaline neutralizing substance, and discharging the acidic wastewater into the river channel when the pH value of the acidic wastewater is close to that of the river channel water. When the material plate 8 is used for a plurality of times, the alkaline neutralizing substance filled inside loses the neutralizing capacity of the acidic wastewater, and needs to be replaced, the material plate 8 is drawn out from the double-layer clamping plate 7 and then is inserted into the double-layer clamping plate 7 again after being filled with new alkaline neutralizing substance, so that the secondary filtering structure 2 can effectively neutralize the acidic wastewater again. By adopting the structure, the filler in the material plate 8 can be conveniently replaced.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the plant cultivation plate 10 is formed by arranging and splicing a plurality of plate bodies 11; one end of each plate body 11 is provided with a convex part 14, and the other end is provided with a concave part 15; through holes 16 are formed in the two sides of the concave part 15 and the convex part 14; after the plurality of plate bodies 11 are arranged, the convex part 14 of one plate body 11 is embedded into the concave part 15 of the other plate body 11, the convex part 14 is communicated with the through holes 16 at two sides of the concave part 15, and the connecting rod 13 is arranged in the through holes 16 in a penetrating manner to form the plant cultivation plate 10. Further, a groove 17 is provided on each plate body 11; the inner bottom surface of the groove 17 is hollowed; a sleeve 12 is arranged on the groove 17, and aquatic plants are arranged in the sleeve 12; a clamping block 22 is arranged at the lower part of the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve 12; a positioning groove 19 and a clamping groove 21 are formed in the inner wall of the groove 17, and the positioning groove 19 is connected with the clamping groove 21 through a rotary groove 20; when the sleeve 12 is inserted into the groove 17 and rotated, the latch 22 is latched into the latch groove 21 from the positioning groove 19 and through the rotating groove 20; a spring 18 is arranged between the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the groove 17 and the lower end surface of the sleeve 12. Under the action of the elastic force of the spring 18, the sleeve 12 is jacked, the clamping block 22 of the sleeve 12 is pushed and clamped in the clamping groove 21, the sleeve 12 is fixed in the groove 17, the aquatic plants are quickly fixed, and when the aquatic plants are dried and dead, the aquatic plants can be quickly replaced by replacing the sleeve 12; meanwhile, two adjacent plate bodies 11 are connected together through a connecting rod 13, the plate bodies 11 are laid according to the length and the width of the built purification tank 9, the length of the plant cultivation plate 10 is flexibly adjusted, the plant cultivation plate 10 is arranged in a river channel, the flow rate of water flowing into the river channel from the purification tank 9 is slowed down, the erosion of the water flow to the river channel and the river body are reduced, and the river body is protected.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, two ends of the rectangular frame 4 facing the water are provided with clamping plates 23, and a cleaning mechanism is arranged between the clamping plates; this cleaning mechanism includes: the two lifting rods 24 are vertically arranged on the clamping plates 23 at the two ends of the upstream surface of the rectangular frame 4 respectively, and the lifting rods 24 can move up and down in the clamping plates 23; a connecting plate 26, both ends of which are respectively connected with the lower end of the lifting rod 24; the arc plate 27 is installed on the connecting plate 26, one side, far away from the rectangular frame 4, of the arc plate 27 is inclined upwards, and the front end of the arc plate 27 is flush with the bottom surface of the opening of the coal mine goaf; baffles 28 are provided at both ends of the arcuate plate 27. The broken stone particles in the goaf are washed to the water-facing side of the rectangular frame 4 under the washing of the acidic wastewater, if the broken stone particles are accumulated and cannot be discharged, the broken stone particles block the rectangular frame 4, so that the flow of the acidic wastewater is influenced, therefore, by arranging the cleaning mechanism, the pull rod 24 is lifted, the broken stone particles deposited on the arc-shaped plate 27 are lifted and taken out, and then the broken stone particles are thrown to one side of the goaf, so that the flowability of the acidic wastewater is ensured.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, aeration pipes 29 are arranged on both sides of the filter plate 5, and the air inlet ends of the aeration pipes 29 are connected to a main pipe 30; the trunk pipe 30 extends out of the permeable reactive wall; the surface of the filter plate 5 is provided with a brush, and the brush of the brush extends to the aeration pipe 29. Because the filter plate 5 is soaked in the acidic wastewater for a long time, the filter holes on the surface of the filter plate 5 are blocked by impurities in the water, and the impurities filled in the filter holes are cleaned by blowing gas into the aeration pipe 29, and meanwhile, the impurities filled in micropores on the surface of the zeolite can be cleaned, so that the zeolite has the functions of adsorption and purification again, and the single service life of the zeolite is prolonged; in addition, in the process that the filter plate 5 is drawn out or inserted into the rectangular frame 4, the surface of the filter plate 5 is provided with a brush which can clean adhered objects on the surface of the aeration pipe.
As shown in fig. 6, a fixed hook 31 is provided at the front end of the purification tank 9, and the front end of the plant cultivation plate 10 is hooked on the fixed hook 31; a flow buffer plate 32 is arranged between the water outlet side of the purification tank 9 and the river channel. Plant cultivation board 10 is fixed on purification tank 9 through fixed hook 31, prevents that rivers from taking away plant cultivation board 10 washing away. The flow slowing plate 32 is arranged to play a role in flow slowing, and the river channel is prevented from being scoured.
With reference to fig. 8, the present invention further provides a goaf acidic wastewater treatment method, which adopts the above goaf acidic wastewater treatment structure, and includes the following steps:
step S1: laying a primary filtering structure 1, firstly preprocessing an opening of a coal mine goaf, leveling the bottom surface of the opening of the coal mine goaf, cleaning residual slag, stones and dead branches and rotten leaves on the surface of the opening, then arranging a permeable reactive barrier, and simultaneously filling a gap between the permeable reactive barrier and the opening of the coal mine goaf;
step S2: laying a secondary filtering structure 2, excavating a first step outside an opening of a coal mine goaf, arranging an alkaline filtering tank 6 in the first step, wherein the height of the head end of the alkaline filtering tank 6 is lower than the lower end of the permeable reactive wall, and the height of the tail end of the alkaline filtering tank 6 is lower than the height of the head end of the alkaline filtering tank;
step S3: laying a three-stage filtering structure 3, excavating a second step on one side of the first step, arranging a purifying tank 9 in the second step, wherein the head end of the purifying tank 9 is lower than the lower part of the tail end of the alkaline filtering tank 6, the tail end of the purifying tank 9 is lower than the head end of the purifying tank, laying a plant cultivation plate 10 in the purifying tank 9, and fixing the front end of the plant cultivation plate 10 on the head end of the purifying tank 9;
step S4: river course river body protection sets up the buffer plate 32 in the play water side of purifying pond 9, and buffer plate 32 sets up in the hookup location department between purifying pond 9 and the river course.
In rainy days, the flow direction and the flowing water of the water flow at the opening of the coal mine goaf are observed, and the plugging condition of the gap between the permeable reactive wall and the opening is prevented, so that the water flow is prevented from dispersing and flowing around.
After 3-5 times of rain weather, the filter plate 5 and the material plate 8 are taken out, the materials filled in the filter plate and the material plate are observed, and meanwhile, the pH value of the river water is detected through an acid-base detection instrument.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents made by the contents of the present specification and drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a goaf acid wastewater treatment structure which characterized in that includes:
the primary filtering structure (1) is arranged at the position of an opening of a coal mine goaf, a permeable reactive wall is arranged on the primary filtering structure (1), and zero-valent iron is arranged in the permeable reactive wall and used for reducing the valence state of heavy metal in the acidic wastewater or degrading organic matters;
the secondary filtering structure (2) is arranged on the water outlet side of the primary filtering structure (1), and the secondary filtering structure (2) comprises an alkaline filtering tank (6) for neutralizing the acidic wastewater;
the third-stage filtering structure (3) is arranged on the water outlet side of the second-stage filtering structure (2), and the water outlet side of the third-stage filtering structure (3) is a river channel; the three-stage filtering structure (3) comprises a purifying tank (9) and a plant cultivation plate (10) arranged on the purifying tank (9), and aquatic plants are cultivated on the plant cultivation plate (10);
the filter structure is characterized in that the first-stage filter structure (1), the second-stage filter structure (2) and the third-stage filter structure (3) are distributed in a stepped manner in sequence, the level of the second-stage filter structure (2) is lower than that of the first-stage filter structure (1), and the level of the third-stage filter structure (3) is lower than that of the second-stage filter structure (2).
2. The acidic wastewater treatment structure of goaf as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the permeable reactive barrier comprises a rectangular frame (4) and a plurality of filter plates (5);
a plurality of filter plates (5) are arranged in the rectangular frame (4) along the drainage direction; the filter plate (5) can be drawn out or inserted from the rectangular frame (4) along the vertical direction; a handle is arranged at the top of the filter plate (5); the interior of the filter plate (5) is hollow, and zero-valent iron is filled in the hollow inner cavity of the filter plate (5) and is also filled with zeolite and a carbon source.
3. The acidic wastewater treatment structure of goaf as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the secondary filtering structure (2) also comprises a plurality of material plates (8);
a plurality of material plates (8) are arranged in the alkaline filter tank (6) along the water flow direction;
a plurality of pairs of double-layer clamping plates (7) are fixedly arranged on the alkaline filter tank (6), each material plate (8) is arranged inside each pair of double-layer clamping plates (7), and the material plates (8) can be drawn out or inserted from the double-layer clamping plates (7) along the vertical direction; the double-layer clamping plate (7) and the material plate (8) are both hollow;
the interior of the material plate (8) is hollow and is filled with alkaline neutralization substances.
4. The acidic wastewater treatment structure of goaf as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the alkaline neutralization substances filled in the material plate (8) are lime and caustic soda or carbide slag and boiler ash alkaline substances.
5. The acidic wastewater treatment structure of goaf as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plant cultivation plate (10) is formed by arranging and splicing a plurality of plate bodies (11);
one end of each plate body (11) is provided with a convex part (14), and the other end is provided with a concave part (15); through holes (16) are formed in both sides of the concave part (15) and the convex part (14);
after the plurality of plate bodies (11) are arranged, the convex part (14) of one plate body (11) is embedded into the concave part (15) of the other plate body (11), the convex part (14) is communicated with the through holes (16) on two sides of the concave part (15), and the connecting rod (13) penetrates through the through holes (16) to form the plant cultivation plate (10).
6. The acidic wastewater treatment structure of goaf as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: each plate body (11) is provided with a groove (17); the inner bottom surface of the groove (17) is hollowed;
a sleeve (12) is arranged on the groove (17), and aquatic plants are arranged in the sleeve (12);
a clamping block (22) is arranged at the lower part of the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve (12);
a positioning groove (19) and a clamping groove (21) are formed in the inner wall of the groove (17), and the positioning groove (19) is connected with the clamping groove (21) through a rotary groove (20);
when the sleeve (12) is inserted into the groove (17) and rotated, the clamping block (22) is clamped into the clamping groove (21) from the positioning groove (19) through the rotating groove (20);
a spring (18) is arranged between the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the groove (17) and the lower end surface of the sleeve (12).
7. The acidic wastewater treatment structure of goaf as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: clamping plates (23) are arranged at two ends of the water-facing surface of the rectangular frame (4), and a cleaning mechanism is arranged between the clamping plates; this clean mechanism includes:
the two lifting rods (24) are vertically arranged on the clamping plates (23) at two ends of the water facing surface of the rectangular frame (4), and the lifting rods (24) can move up and down in the clamping plates (23);
the two ends of the connecting plate (26) are respectively connected with the lower end of the lifting rod (24);
the arc-shaped plate (27) is installed on the connecting plate (26), one side, far away from the rectangular frame (4), of the arc-shaped plate (27) is inclined upwards, and the front end of the arc-shaped plate (27) is flush with the bottom surface of the opening of the coal mine goaf; baffles (28) are arranged at the two ends of the arc-shaped plate (27).
8. The acidic wastewater treatment structure of goaf as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: aeration pipes (29) are arranged on two sides of the filter plate (5), and the air inlet ends of the aeration pipes (29) are connected to a main pipe (30) together; the trunk pipe (30) extends out of the permeable reactive wall; the surface of the filter plate (5) is provided with a hairbrush, and the bristles of the hairbrush extend to the aeration pipe (29).
9. The acidic wastewater treatment structure of goaf as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a fixed hook (31) is arranged at the front end of the purification tank (9), and the front end of the plant cultivation plate (10) is hooked on the fixed hook (31); a flow buffer plate (32) is arranged between the water outlet side of the purification tank (9) and the river channel.
10. A goaf acidic wastewater treatment method, characterized in that the goaf acidic wastewater treatment structure of any one of claims 1 to 9 is adopted, comprising the following steps:
step S1: laying a primary filtering structure (1), pretreating an opening of a coal mine goaf, leveling the bottom surface of the opening of the coal mine goaf, removing residual slag, stones and rotten branches on the surface of the opening, arranging a permeable reactive barrier, and filling a gap between the permeable reactive barrier and the opening of the coal mine goaf;
step S2: laying a secondary filtering structure (2), excavating a first step outside an opening of a coal mine goaf, arranging an alkaline filtering tank (6) in the first step, wherein the height of the head end of the alkaline filtering tank (6) is lower than the lower end of the permeable reactive wall, and the height of the tail end of the alkaline filtering tank (6) is lower than the height of the head end of the alkaline filtering tank;
step S3: laying a three-stage filtering structure (3), excavating a second step on one side of the first step, arranging a purifying tank (9) in the second step, wherein the head end of the purifying tank (9) is lower than the lower part of the tail end of the alkaline filtering tank 6, the tail end of the purifying tank (9) is lower than the head end of the purifying tank, laying a plant cultivation plate 10 in the purifying tank 9, and fixing the front end of the plant cultivation plate (10) on the head end of the purifying tank (9);
step S4: river course river body protection sets up current-slowing plate (32) in the play water side of purifying pond (9), and current-slowing plate (32) set up in the hookup location department between purifying pond (9) and the river course.
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