CN114570194B - Growth promoting flora, filter bed, device and method for treating waste gas generated in viscose fiber production - Google Patents
Growth promoting flora, filter bed, device and method for treating waste gas generated in viscose fiber production Download PDFInfo
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- CN114570194B CN114570194B CN202111637433.4A CN202111637433A CN114570194B CN 114570194 B CN114570194 B CN 114570194B CN 202111637433 A CN202111637433 A CN 202111637433A CN 114570194 B CN114570194 B CN 114570194B
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- 241000186016 Bifidobacterium bifidum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 1
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
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- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/84—Biological processes
- B01D53/85—Biological processes with gas-solid contact
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/95—Specific microorganisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/304—Hydrogen sulfide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/93—Toxic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of waste gas purification, in particular to a growth promoting flora, a biological filter bed, a device and a method for treating waste gas generated in viscose fiber production. The invention provides a growth promoting flora for treating waste gas generated in viscose fiber production, which comprises bifidobacterium bifidum, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus chrysanthemi and bacillus mucilaginosus in a mass ratio of 0.8-1.3:0.9-1.2:0.7-1.2:1.8-2.7. The invention can realize high-efficiency waste gas treatment by uniformly mixing the desulphurisation flora and the growth promoting flora, wherein, the method is used for treating H 2 S has a processing efficiency of 92.7% or more, and is effective for CS 2 The treatment rate of the waste gas treatment device is more than 81.9%, no secondary pollution is caused, the waste gas treatment is carried out through the biological filter bed, the filler is high-temperature resistant and acid-base resistant, the service time can be as long as a plurality of years, meanwhile, the additional nutrient solution is basically not needed, and the later maintenance cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas purification, in particular to a growth promoting flora, a biological filter bed, a device and a method for treating waste gas generated in viscose fiber production.
Background
In the production process of viscose fiber, a large amount of H-containing components are generated 2 S and CS 2 Is a waste gas of the engine. H 2 S is colorless, inflammable, explosive, extremely toxic and malodorous acidic gas. CS (circuit switching) 2 Is free ofThe liquid with color, transparency, easy explosion and slight ether smell is easy to volatilize. CS (circuit switching) 2 Mainly enter human body through respiratory tract, and can be absorbed by skin 2 。CS 2 Has toxic effects on nervous system, cardiovascular system, reproductive system, digestive system, urinary system, etc. At the same time CS 2 Acid rain can be caused by photochemical reactions in the atmosphere. Thus, H in viscose waste gas 2 S and CS 2 Is of great significance to workers, surrounding residents and environment.
Due to H in the waste gas of production 2 S and CS 2 The physicochemical properties of two kinds of harmful gases are greatly different, so that it is difficult to remove the two kinds of harmful gases simultaneously under the same condition, and a method of separate treatment is generally adopted. The prior art generally adopts methods such as a sodium causticizing method, a modified ADA method, a thiourea manufacturing method and the like to treat H 2 S, S. The caustic soda method consumes a large amount of alkali liquor, and simultaneously generates salt-containing wastewater to cause secondary pollution. The modified ADA method has been widely used in other industries, but because the waste gas from the production of viscose contains more CS 2 And a low amount of H 2 S, the technology has a certain difficulty in application in the viscose fiber industry. The thiourea process requires relatively pure H 2 S is used as a raw material and is not suitable for the viscose fiber industry.
The traditional technology generally adopts a condensation method or an activated carbon absorption method to treat CS 2 . The condensation method consumes a large amount of energy, and when CS 2 At low concentrations, economy is poor. The activated carbon adsorption method requires that the waste gas contains no or very low concentration of H 2 S, if not, activated carbon poisoning is easy to cause, and the adsorption efficiency is reduced. Saturated activated carbon belongs to dangerous waste and produces secondary pollution. The active carbon is supplied, updated in large and frequent quantity, the operation is complex, and the running cost is high.
The comprehensive treatment method includes catalytic oxidation method and biological treatment method. Catalytic oxidation process utilizes oxidation catalyst to convert high concentrations of H 2 S、CS 2 Conversion to SO 2 And then converting the SO with a conversion catalyst 2 Conversion to SO 3 Then enters a condenser or a concentrator to finally become sulfurAnd (3) acid. This method can only handle higher concentrations of H 2 S and CS 2 For less than 2000mg/m 3 Waste gas with concentration is poor in economy. The method has strict requirements on corrosion resistance and heat insulation of equipment, and the catalyst needs to be imported from abroad and has higher running cost.
Biological treatment methods include biological filtration, biological washing and biological drip filtration.
The biological washing method consists of two independent reaction units, has low mass transfer surface area, and the waste gas must be dissolved in water, and a large amount of oxygen is needed to be provided to maintain higher treatment rate, so that the operation cost is high, and surplus sludge can be generated to cause secondary pollution.
Treatment of H produced in viscose fiber production by biological drip filtration 2 S and CS 2 A large amount of NaOH solution and nutrient solution are consumed, and secondary pollution is easy to cause. Meanwhile, the method needs to spray the biological trickling filter frequently, supplements the lost water and nutrition, and has large water consumption and high energy consumption.
For this reason, there is an urgent need in the art to develop a device or method capable of overcoming the above technical problems existing in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a growth promoting flora, a biological filter bed, a device and a method for treating waste gas generated in viscose fiber production, which can solve the problem that H in the waste gas in the prior art 2 S and CS 2 The treatment is not thorough, and the technical problems of secondary pollution, high operation cost and low treatment efficiency exist.
The invention provides a growth promoting flora for treating waste gas generated in viscose fiber production, which comprises bifidobacterium bifidum, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus chrysanthemi and bacillus mucilaginosus in a mass ratio of 0.8-1.3:0.9-1.2:0.7-1.2:1.8-2.7.
Preferably, the mass ratio of bifidobacterium bifidum to lactobacillus acidophilus to lactobacillus chrysanthemi to bacillus mucilaginosus is 0.8-1.2:0.9-1.1:0.7-1.1:1.8-2.6.
The invention provides a biological filter bed for treating waste gas generated in viscose fiber production, which comprises a filler and a microbial film attached to the surface of the filler, wherein the microbial film is formed by mixing a desulfurization flora mixture with the growth promoting flora for treating the waste gas generated in viscose fiber production and then forming bacterial liquid on the surface of the filler through a biological film;
the desulfurization flora mixture is used for treating waste gas generated in viscose fiber production;
the filler part of the biological filter bed is sequentially arranged into four layers of a lower part, a middle part, an upper part and a top part from bottom to top according to the height, wherein the lower filler height accounts for 40% of the total filler height, the middle filler height accounts for 20% of the total filler height, the upper filler height accounts for 10% of the total filler height, and the top filler height accounts for 30% of the total filler height.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the desulphurisation flora mixture to the pro-biotic flora is 3-5:1.
preferably, the filler comprises volcanic rock particles, ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones.
Preferably, the preparation method of the volcanic rock particles comprises the following steps: acid washing in weak acid solution, washing with clear water and naturally air drying; then alkali washing is carried out in weak alkali solution, then clean water is used for washing, and natural air drying is carried out; finally fumigating volcanic rock by using high-pressure steam, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the volcanic rock, and screening volcanic rock particles with the particle size of 30-50 mm; then soaking the selected volcanic rock in the nutrient solution for 10-12 hours, and then fishing out and air-drying;
the preparation method of the ceramsite comprises the following steps: acid washing in weak acid solution, washing with clear water and naturally air drying; then alkali washing is carried out in weak alkali solution, then clean water is used for washing, and natural air drying is carried out; finally, fumigating the ceramsite by high-pressure steam, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the ceramsite, and screening ceramsite particles with the particle size of 5-30 mm; fully mixing the screened ceramsite with a nutrient solution, soaking the ceramsite in the nutrient solution for 10-12 hours, roasting the ceramsite for 2-3 hours at a high temperature of 400 ℃, and then standing the ceramsite to cool the ceramsite to normal temperature;
the preparation method of the wood block comprises the following steps: mechanically crushing wood blocks, sieving after crushing, and selecting wood blocks with the grain diameter of 5-10cm and the thickness of 1-4 cm;
the preparation method of the raw shell comprises the following steps: cleaning raw shells with clear water, sun-drying, crushing, and selecting raw shells with the particle size of 3-7 cm;
The preparation method of the coral bone comprises the following steps: cleaning coral bone with clear water, sun drying, crushing, and selecting coral bone with particle size of 2-5 cm.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the volcanic rock particles, the weak acid is nitric acid or sulfuric acid solution with pH of 4-5, and the pickling time is 3-5 minutes; the weak base is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 8-10, and the alkali washing time is 3-5 minutes; the high-pressure steam fumigation refers to fumigation of volcanic rock in 5-10 Mpa steam for 2-3 minutes;
in the preparation method of the ceramsite, the weak acid is nitric acid or sulfuric acid solution with the pH of 4-5, and the pickling time is 3-5 minutes; the weak base is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 8-10, and the alkali washing time is 3-5 minutes; the high-pressure steam fumigation means fumigation of ceramsite in 0.5-2M Pa steam for 2-3 min;
in the preparation method of the wood block, the high-pressure impact gun is used for impacting the wood block for 5-10 seconds by using water pressure of 350-400 Mpa.
The invention provides an exhaust gas treatment device, which comprises a biological treatment equipment box and a gas collecting pipeline, wherein,
the biological treatment equipment box comprises a pretreatment area for pretreatment of waste gas and a biological filter bed area box with the biological filter bed for treatment of waste gas produced by viscose fiber at the bottom;
The gas collection conduit is in fluid communication with the pretreatment zone, which is in fluid communication with the tank bottom of the biological filter zone tank; a humidifying spraying device is arranged on the side wall of the pretreatment area and used for spraying tap water or reclaimed water, and the waste gas is regulated to saturated humidity and the temperature is regulated to 20-30 ℃; the top of the biological filter bed area box is also provided with a humidifying spraying device which is used for spraying tap water or reclaimed water to the biological filter bed and providing necessary water for life for the microbial film; the top of the biological filter bed area box is provided with an exhaust funnel for exhausting the gas purified by the biological filter bed.
The invention provides a method for treating viscose fiber production waste gas by using growth promoting bacteria, which comprises the following steps:
collecting and preparing a sulfur removal flora;
preparing a growth promoting flora;
preparing waste gas treatment bacterial liquid;
and (5) manufacturing a biological filter bed.
Preferably, the preparation of the growth promoting flora and the preparation of the waste gas treatment bacterial liquid comprise the following steps:
uniformly mixing bifidobacterium bifidum, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus chrysanthemi and bacillus mucilaginosus according to the mass ratio of 0.8-1.3:0.9-1.2:0.7-1.2:1.8-2.7 to obtain a growth promoting flora;
the desulfurization flora and the growth promoting flora are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3-5:1, uniformly mixing to obtain a flora mixture for treating waste gas generated in viscose fiber production;
Using viscose fiber production factory sewage and a small amount of glucose and beef extract as a culture medium, wherein industrial sewage accounts for 85% of the volume of the culture medium, sterilizing the prepared culture medium at a high temperature of 121 ℃ for 15 minutes, cooling to room temperature, and inoculating a flora mixture for treating waste gas in viscose fiber production; controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture medium to be 0.3-0.8mg/L, the PH to be 4-5, the temperature to be 20-30 ℃, stirring the culture medium by using a low-speed stirrer, culturing for 8-10 days at the rotating speed of 20r/min, and preparing the bacterial liquid into semi-viscous liquid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can simultaneously remove H generated in the viscose fiber production process 2 S and CS 2 Harmful gas, without harmful gas H 2 S and CS 2 The treatment is carried out respectively, thereby saving equipment investment and occupied space and greatly improving the waste gas treatment efficiency.
2. The waste gas treatment method has high efficiency, wherein the method is used for treating H 2 S has a processing efficiency of 92.7% or more, and is effective for CS 2 The treatment rate of the catalyst reaches more than 81.9 percent.
3. The waste gas treatment method has low energy consumption, and waste gas treatment equipment operates at normal temperature and normal pressure in the waste gas treatment process without additional heating or pressurizing operation. In the treatment, alkali liquor is not needed for washing, nutrient solution is not needed to be added, and only the necessary moisture is needed to be sprayed on the biological membrane. Not only saving water resources, but also reducing energy consumption.
4. The waste gas treatment method provided by the invention avoids secondary pollution, avoids NaHS waste liquid generation due to no need of washing by alkali liquor, and also does not need to treat dangerous waste generated after activated carbon saturation.
5. The invention carries out waste gas treatment through the biological filter bed, the filler is resistant to high temperature and acid and alkali, the service time can be as long as several years, and meanwhile, the invention basically does not need to additionally supplement nutrient solution, and the later maintenance cost is low.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an exhaust gas treatment device according to the present invention.
Summarizing the reference numerals:
1. biological filter bed region box 2, biological filter bed 3 and gas collecting pipeline
4. Biological treatment equipment box 5, pretreatment area 6 and humidifying spraying device
7. Exhaust pipe
Detailed Description
The objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.
The invention provides a growth promoting flora for treating waste gas generated in viscose fiber production, which comprises bifidobacterium bifidum, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus chrysanthemi and bacillus mucilaginosus in a mass ratio of 0.8-1.3:0.9-1.2:0.7-1.2:1.8-2.7.
Preferably, the mass ratio of bifidobacterium bifidum to lactobacillus acidophilus to lactobacillus chrysanthemi to bacillus mucilaginosus is 0.8-1.2:0.9-1.1:0.7-1.1:1.8-2.6.
The invention provides a biological filter bed for treating waste gas generated in viscose fiber production, which comprises a filler and a microbial film attached to the surface of the filler, wherein the microbial film is formed by mixing a desulfurization flora mixture with the growth promoting flora for treating the waste gas generated in viscose fiber production and then forming bacterial liquid on the surface of the filler through a biological film;
the desulfurization flora mixture is used for treating waste gas generated in viscose fiber production;
The filler part of the biological filter bed is sequentially arranged into four layers of a lower part, a middle part, an upper part and a top part from bottom to top according to the height, wherein the lower filler height accounts for 40% of the total filler height, the middle filler height accounts for 20% of the total filler height, the upper filler height accounts for 10% of the total filler height, and the top filler height accounts for 30% of the total filler height.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the desulphurisation flora mixture to the pro-biotic flora is 3-5:1.
preferably, the filler comprises volcanic rock particles, ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones.
Preferably, the preparation method of the volcanic rock particles comprises the following steps: acid washing in weak acid solution, washing with clear water and naturally air drying; then alkali washing is carried out in weak alkali solution, then clean water is used for washing, and natural air drying is carried out; finally fumigating volcanic rock by using high-pressure steam, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the volcanic rock, and screening volcanic rock particles with the particle size of 30-50 mm; then soaking the selected volcanic rock in the nutrient solution for 10-12 hours, and then fishing out and air-drying;
the preparation method of the ceramsite comprises the following steps: acid washing in weak acid solution, washing with clear water and naturally air drying; then alkali washing is carried out in weak alkali solution, then clean water is used for washing, and natural air drying is carried out; finally, fumigating the ceramsite by high-pressure steam, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the ceramsite, and screening ceramsite particles with the particle size of 5-30 mm; fully mixing the screened ceramsite with a nutrient solution, soaking the ceramsite in the nutrient solution for 10-12 hours, roasting the ceramsite for 2-3 hours at a high temperature of 400 ℃, and then standing the ceramsite to cool the ceramsite to normal temperature;
The preparation method of the wood block comprises the following steps: mechanically crushing wood blocks, sieving after crushing, and selecting wood blocks with the grain diameter of 5-10cm and the thickness of 1-4 cm;
the preparation method of the raw shell comprises the following steps: cleaning raw shells with clear water, sun-drying, crushing, and selecting raw shells with the particle size of 3-7 cm;
the preparation method of the coral bone comprises the following steps: cleaning coral bone with clear water, sun drying, crushing, and selecting coral bone with particle size of 2-5 cm.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the volcanic rock particles, the weak acid is nitric acid or sulfuric acid solution with pH of 4-5, and the pickling time is 3-5 minutes; the weak base is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 8-10, and the alkali washing time is 3-5 minutes; the high-pressure steam fumigation refers to fumigation of volcanic rock in 5-10 Mpa steam for 2-3 minutes;
in the preparation method of the ceramsite, the weak acid is nitric acid or sulfuric acid solution with the pH of 4-5, and the pickling time is 3-5 minutes; the weak base is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 8-10, and the alkali washing time is 3-5 minutes; the high-pressure steam fumigation means fumigation of ceramsite in 0.5-2M Pa steam for 2-3 min;
in the preparation method of the wood block, the high-pressure impact gun is used for impacting the wood block for 5-10 seconds by using water pressure of 350-400 Mpa.
The invention provides an exhaust gas treatment device, which comprises a biological treatment equipment box and a gas collecting pipeline, wherein,
the biological treatment equipment box comprises a pretreatment area for pretreatment of waste gas and a biological filter bed area box with the biological filter bed for treatment of waste gas produced by viscose fiber at the bottom;
the gas collection conduit is in fluid communication with the pretreatment zone, which is in fluid communication with the tank bottom of the biological filter zone tank; a humidifying spraying device is arranged on the side wall of the pretreatment area and used for spraying tap water or reclaimed water, and the waste gas is regulated to saturated humidity and the temperature is regulated to 20-30 ℃; the top of the biological filter bed area box is also provided with a humidifying spraying device which is used for spraying tap water or reclaimed water to the biological filter bed and providing necessary water for life for the microbial film; the top of the biological filter bed area box is provided with an exhaust funnel for exhausting the gas purified by the biological filter bed.
Using viscose fiber production factory sewage and a small amount of glucose and beef extract as a culture medium, wherein industrial sewage accounts for 85% of the volume of the culture medium, sterilizing the prepared culture medium at a high temperature of 121 ℃ for 15 minutes, cooling to room temperature, and inoculating a flora mixture for treating waste gas in viscose fiber production; controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture medium to be 0.3-0.8mg/L, the PH to be 4-5, the temperature to be 20-30 ℃, stirring the culture medium by using a low-speed stirrer, culturing for 8-10 days at the rotating speed of 20r/min, and preparing the bacterial liquid into semi-viscous liquid.
The invention provides an exhaust gas treatment device, which comprises a biological treatment equipment box 4 and a gas collecting pipeline 3 as shown in figure 1. The biological treatment apparatus box 4 comprises a pretreatment area 5 for pretreatment of exhaust gas, and a biological filter bed area box 1 with a biological filter bed 2 at the bottom. The gas collection conduit 3 is in fluid communication with the pretreatment zone 5, the pretreatment zone 5 being in fluid communication with the bottom of the biological filter zone tank 1; a humidifying spraying device 6 is arranged on the side wall of the pretreatment area 5 and used for spraying tap water or reclaimed water, regulating the waste gas to saturated humidity and regulating the temperature to 20-30 ℃; the top of the biological filter area box 1 is also provided with a humidifying spraying device 6 which is used for spraying tap water or reclaimed water to the biological filter 2 and providing necessary water for life for the microbial film; the top of the biological filter region box 1 is provided with an exhaust funnel 7 for exhausting the gas purified by the biological filter.
Because the waste gas generated in the viscose fiber production process contains sulfuric acid mist, the method ensures thatThe obtained gas has stronger acidity and is unfavorable for bacteria to H 2 S and CS 2 Purification of harmful gases and growth and reproduction of bacteria themselves. On the one hand, the invention screens and domesticates acid-fast bacteria, so that the bacteria still keep higher H-pair under the acidic condition 2 S and CS 2 The treatment capacity of harmful gases. On the other hand, the pH value of the environment where bacteria are located is regulated by changing the composition and proportion of the culture medium filler, so that adverse effects of the acidic environment on the growth and propagation of the bacteria are reduced as much as possible. Meanwhile, the front end of the biological filter bed is provided with an acid removing device, and part of sulfuric acid mist contained in the waste gas is removed by filtration, so that the acidity of the gas entering the biological filter bed is reduced.
The temperature of the waste gas produced by the viscose fiber can reach 45 degrees and exceeds the limit growth temperature of bacteria in the biological filter bed. Therefore, it is necessary to cool down the gas entering the biological filter bed. The water washing tower arranged at the front end of the biological filter bed is utilized to cool the production waste gas of the viscose fiber, and the waste gas can enter the biological filter bed for treatment when the temperature of the waste gas is below 35 ℃.
The invention provides a method for treating viscose fiber production waste gas by using biological flora, which comprises the following steps:
1) Acquisition and preparation of desulfurization flora
10g of activated sludge sample of wastewater treatment in a viscose fiber production factory is collected, evenly mixed with 90ml of sterile industrial wastewater in the factory, placed in a triangular flask, and vibrated for 30 minutes under the condition of 20-30 ℃ and 150r/min, so that the sample is evenly dispersed.
Sucking 1ml of the oscillated and dispersed bacterial liquid by using a sterile pipette, putting the bacterial liquid into a test tube containing 9ml of sterile water, mixing and diluting 1ml of diluted bacterial liquid with 9ml of sterile water after the uniform oscillation, repeating the steps for a plurality of times, and diluting the bacterial liquid into 10 -1 ，10 -2 ，10- 3 ，10 -4 ，10 -5 ，10 -6 A gradient concentration of the diluent.
Selecting 3g of beef extract, 10g of peptone, 5g of NaCl, 15-20 g of agar and 1000ml of tap water, and adjusting the PH to 4-5 by dilute sulfuric acid to prepare a universal culture medium.
Take 10 -4 ，10 -5 ，10 -6 Three concentrations of the diluted solution were each 0.1ml, respectively coated on a plate made of a common medium, and placed on a filter sheet immersed in a high concentration sodium hydrosulfide solution, and cultured upside down at 20-30 ℃. After 24-48 hours, select high concentration HS - Bacterial colonies growing near the filter disc are picked up on a slant culture medium with clear edge, obvious characteristics and large diameter for expansion culture, and 10mg/L of HS is added into the slant culture medium to avoid strain pollution - . Repeating the above steps for three times, and repeatedly separating and purifying to obtain flora mixture A.
Preparing the flora mixture A into 10 -1 ，10 -2 ，10 -3 ，10 -4 ，10 -5 ，10 -6 A gradient concentration of the diluent. Take 10 -4 ，10 -5 ，10 -6 Each of the three dilutions was applied at 0.1ml to plates made of universal medium, and placed in filter discs immersed in pure CS2 solution for inverted incubation at 20-30 ℃. After 24-48 hours, select in pure CS 2 Bacterial colonies growing near the filter disc soaked in the solution are picked up on a slant culture medium for expansion culture, wherein the bacterial colonies are clear in edge, obvious in characteristics and large in diameter. Repeating the above steps for three times, and repeatedly separating and purifying to obtain the sulfur-removing flora mixture.
The invention collects and screens out the sludge and can simultaneously remove the hydrogen sulfide and CS 2 The strain is domesticated under the acidic condition, so that the strain can still remove harmful gases under the condition that the PH is in the range of 4-5, and the desulphurized bacterial colony is prepared. Then mixing with the growth promoting bacteria to prepare the waste gas treatment bacteria liquid. The probiotic group comprises bifidobacterium bifidum, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus chrysanthemi and bacillus mucilaginosus. The types of the desulphurisation flora and the growth promoting flora are different, the proportion of each strain among the growth promoting flora, and the proportion of the desulphurisation flora and the growth promoting flora is greatly different from the prior art.
2) Preparation of growth-promoting flora
And uniformly mixing bifidobacterium bifidum, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus chrysanthemi and bacillus mucilaginosus according to the following mass ratio to obtain the growth-promoting flora.
Population of growth promoting bacteria No. 1: the mass ratio of bifidobacterium bifidum to lactobacillus acidophilus to lactobacillus chrysanthemi to bacillus mucilaginosus is 1:1:1:2;
Population of growth-promoting bacteria No. 2: the mass ratio of bifidobacterium bifidum to lactobacillus acidophilus to lactobacillus chrysanthemi to bacillus mucilaginosus is 1.2:0.9:1.1:1.8;
population of growth-promoting bacteria No. 3: the mass ratio of bifidobacterium bifidum to lactobacillus acidophilus to lactobacillus chrysanthemi to bacillus mucilaginosus is 0.8:1.1:0.7:2.6.
3) Preparation of waste gas treatment bacterial liquid
And uniformly mixing the desulphurizing flora and the growth promoting flora according to the following mass ratio to obtain bacterial liquid for treating waste gas in viscose fiber production.
Treatment flora No. 1: mixing the desulphurized bacterial colony and the growth promoting bacterial colony 1 according to the mass ratio of 5:1;
treatment flora No. 2: mixing the desulphurized bacterial colony and the growth promoting bacterial colony 1 according to the mass ratio of 3:1;
treatment flora No. 3: mixing the desulphurized bacterial colony and the growth promoting bacterial colony No. 2 according to the mass ratio of 5:1;
treatment flora No. 4: mixing the desulphurized bacterial colony and the growth promoting bacterial colony No. 2 according to the mass ratio of 3:1;
treatment flora No. 5: mixing the desulphurized bacterial colony and the growth promoting bacterial colony 3 according to the mass ratio of 5:1;
treatment flora No. 6: mixing the desulphurized bacterial colony and the growth promoting bacterial colony 3 according to the mass ratio of 3:1;
treatment flora No. 7: only the desulphurisation flora was included as control flora.
Using viscose fiber production factory sewage and a small amount of glucose and beef extract as a culture medium, wherein industrial sewage accounts for 85% of the volume of the culture medium, sterilizing the prepared culture medium at a high temperature of 121 ℃ for 15 minutes, cooling to room temperature, and inoculating a flora mixture for treating waste gas in viscose fiber production; controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture medium to be 0.3-0.8mg/L, the PH to be 4-5, the temperature to be 20-30 ℃, stirring the culture medium by using a low-speed stirrer, culturing for 8-10 days at the rotating speed of 20r/min, and preparing the bacterial liquid into semi-viscous liquid. Obtaining bacterial liquid No. 1-7, and respectively corresponding to the bacterial groups No. 1-7.
4) Production of biological filter bed
(a) Preparation of the filler
Volcanic rock particles, ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones are used as raw materials, and the filler is prepared according to the following method;
preparation of volcanic rock particles: acid washing in weak acid solution, washing with clear water and naturally air drying; then alkali washing is carried out in weak alkali solution, then clean water is used for washing, and natural air drying is carried out; finally, fumigating the volcanic rock by using high-pressure steam, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the volcanic rock, and screening volcanic rock particles with the particle size of 30-50 mm. Then the selected volcanic rock is soaked in the nutrient solution for 10 to 12 hours, and then fished out and air-dried. The weak acid is nitric acid or sulfuric acid solution with pH of 4-5, and the pickling time is 3-5 minutes; the weak base is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 8-10, and the alkali washing time is 3-5 minutes; the high-pressure steam fumigation refers to fumigation of volcanic rock in 5-10 Mpa steam for 2-3 minutes.
Preparation of ceramsite: acid washing in weak acid solution, washing with clear water and naturally air drying; then alkali washing is carried out in weak alkali solution, then clean water is used for washing, and natural air drying is carried out; finally, fumigating the ceramsite by high-pressure steam, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the ceramsite, and screening ceramsite particles with the particle size of 5-30 mm; fully mixing the screened ceramsite with a nutrient solution, soaking the ceramsite in the nutrient solution for 10-12 hours, roasting the ceramsite for 2-3 hours at a high temperature of 400 ℃, and then standing the ceramsite and cooling the ceramsite to normal temperature. The weak acid is nitric acid or sulfuric acid solution with pH of 4-5, and the pickling time is 3-5 minutes; the weak base is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 8-10, and the alkali washing time is 3-5 minutes; the high-pressure steam fumigation means fumigation of ceramsite in 0.5-2M Pa steam for 2-3 min.
Preparing a wood block: mechanically crushing the wood blocks, sieving the crushed wood blocks, and selecting the wood blocks with the grain diameter of 5-10cm and the thickness of 1-4 cm. Then the wood block is impacted for 5 to 10 seconds by a high-pressure impact gun of 350 to 400 MPa, and the structural porosity is improved to 60 to 75 percent.
Preparation of raw shell: cleaning raw shells with clear water, sun-drying, crushing, and selecting raw shells with the particle size of 3-7 cm.
Preparation of coral bone: cleaning coral bone with clear water, sun drying, crushing, and selecting coral bone with particle size of 2-5 cm.
And uniformly mixing the prepared volcanic rock particles, ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones to obtain the filler.
The characteristics of the volcanic rock particles, the ceramsite, the wood blocks, the raw shells and the coral bones are as follows:
volcanic rock has rough surface, developed internal pores and larger specific surface area, and the characteristics are particularly suitable for the growth and propagation of microorganisms on the surface of the volcanic rock to form a biological film. Meanwhile, volcanic rock contains dozens of mineral substances and microelements such as calcium, sodium, magnesium, titanium, manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt, molybdenum and the like, and can provide necessary nutrition for the growth and propagation of bacteria by being soaked in the nutrient solution for a long time.
The ceramic particle filter material has the characteristics of high mechanical strength, scouring resistance, abrasion resistance, stable physicochemical property and the like, and meanwhile, the ceramic particle filter material has the advantages of abundant micropores, rough surface, large specific surface area, long service life, corrosion resistance, uniform particles, proper density and difficult hardening, so that the ceramic particle filter material has high film forming efficiency and is beneficial to the growth and propagation of microorganisms.
The wood block mainly provides a carbon source for the growth and propagation of bacteria.
The main component of the raw shell is calcium carbonate, which can raise the PH value, reduce the acidity of the filler and facilitate the growth and propagation of bacteria.
The coral bone contains calcium carbonate and organic matter as main components, and can regulate pH value of stuffing and provide bacteria with nutrients. Meanwhile, coral bones also have porous structures, which is beneficial to the attachment growth of bacteria.
The filler comprises volcanic rock, ceramsite, wood blocks, shells and coral bones. Volcanic rock is small in amount and mainly provides trace elements for bacteria. The ceramsite has a porous structure and a large specific surface area, and is beneficial to bacterial film formation propagation. The wood block mainly provides a carbon source for the growth and propagation of bacteria. The main component of the shell and coral bone is calcium carbonate, which reduces the acidity of the filler and is beneficial to the growth and propagation of bacteria.
(b) Biological filter bed
The prepared filler is filled into a biological filter bed area box without compacting and is uniformly mixed.
Method for determining the volume of packing to be packed in a zone box of a biological filter bed: the filler volume is Am 3 The exhaust gas amount is Bm 3 /s (must be defined by m 3 Conversion of/h to m 3 S), A/B=C, 25 s.ltoreq.C.ltoreq.35 s must be satisfied. After the packing volume is determined, the height of the biological filter bed can be determined according to the sectional area of the biological filter bed.
The filler part of the biological filter bed is divided into 4 parts according to the height, namely a lower part, a middle part, an upper part and a top part from bottom to top. The lower part of the material is 40% of the height of the filler, and consists of 5-10mm ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones. The middle part of the material is 20% of the filler height, and consists of 11-20mm ceramsite, wood block, raw shell and coral bone. The upper part is 10% of the filler height, and consists of 21-30mm ceramsite, wood block, raw shell and coral bone. The top part accounts for 30% of the height of the filler, and consists of volcanic rock, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones. The prepared filler is filled into a biological filter bed area box without compacting and is uniformly mixed.
The filling mode of the biological filter bed in the invention is different from the prior art. The filler part of the biological filter bed is divided into 4 parts according to the height, namely a lower part, a middle part, an upper part and a top part from bottom to top. Respectively 40%,20%,10% and 30% of the filler height. Volcanic rock is on top of the packing, i.e. uppermost. Volcanic rock has rich nutrients, and spray water is sprayed downwards from the top of the biological filter bed. The nutrients on the volcanic rock can flow downwards along with the spray water to provide nutrition for bacteria in the lower filler. The density of the ceramsite filler is increased from top to bottom, and the particle size is reduced in order, so that the downward flow of spray water is facilitated, and nutrition is provided for bacteria in the ceramsite filler at the lower part.
The exhaust gas to be treated is treated with the exhaust gas treatment device shown in fig. 1.
The waste gas treatment device comprises a gas collecting pipeline 3 and a biological treatment equipment box 4; the biological treatment equipment box 4 comprises a pretreatment area 5 for pretreatment of waste gas and a biological filter bed area box 1 with a biological filter bed 2 at the bottom; the gas collection conduit 3 is in fluid communication with the pretreatment zone 5, the pretreatment zone 5 being in fluid communication with the bottom of the biological filter zone tank 1; a humidifying spraying device 6 is arranged on the side wall of the pretreatment area 5 and is used for spraying tap water or reclaimed water to adjust the waste gas to saturated humidity; the top of the biological filter bed area box 1 is provided with a humidifying spraying device 6 for spraying tap water or reclaimed water to the biological filter bed 2 and providing necessary living moisture for the biological membrane; the top of the biological filter region box 1 is provided with an exhaust funnel 7 for exhausting the gas purified by the biological filter 2. The waste gas is subjected to cooling and acid mist removal treatment before entering the biological filter bed, and is specifically completed by a water washing tower and a mist eliminator.
(c) Biological hanging film
The bacterial liquid is repeatedly circulated and evenly sprayed on the filler which is pre-filled in the biological filter bed area box through a water pump, and after 5-7 days of debugging, the surface of the filler is enabled to be attached with even active biological film.
(d) Processing procedure
The method for treating the waste gas produced by the viscose fiber by using the biological flora provided by the invention adopts any biological filter bed for treating the waste gas produced by the viscose fiber or the waste gas treatment device for treating the waste gas. The waste gas generated in the viscose fiber production process contains H 2 S and CS 2 The PH of the gas condensate is in the range of 1-2, and the gas temperature can reach 45 degrees at most. The waste gas is cooled by a water washing tower, and the temperature is reduced to below 35 ℃. Then the waste gas passes through a demister to remove sulfuric acid mist contained in the waste gas, so that the acidity of the waste gas is reduced. The pH of the exhaust condensate at this time is in the range of 2-4. The waste gas passes through the biological filter bed upwards from the bottom of the biological filter bed, the affinity between the active biological film in the filler of the biological filter bed and the waste gas is strong, and pollutants in the waste gas can be absorbed and degraded by bacterial groups attached to the surface of the filler in a form of biological film in the process that the waste gas passes through the biological filter bed upwards from the bottom of the biological filter bed, so that the waste gas is converted into harmless and odorless substances. In this process, tap water or reclaimed water is intermittently sprayed to the biofilter to provide the biofilm with water essential for life.
The waste gas treatment flora consists of desulfurization flora and growth promoting flora. The treatment of the pollutants is completed by the desulphurisation flora, and the growth promoting flora does not directly treat the pollutants, but can increase the density of the desulphurisation flora, namely the bacterial number of the desulphurisation flora in unit volume is greatly increased, so that the treatment rate can be improved, and the treatment rate can be kept at a higher level for a long time.
The filler in the biological filter provides a suitable environment for bacteria to attach, grow and reproduce, and together with the pollutants in the exhaust gas, provides nutrients for bacteria that are required for growth and reproduction.
Example influence of different bacterial liquids on exhaust gas treatment efficiency
The method is used for preparing No. 1-7 bacterial liquid, treating filler raw materials and filling the filler into a biological filter bed area box according to a proportion. Repeatedly circulating the bacterial liquid No. 1-7 by a water pump and respectively and uniformly spraying the bacterial liquid on 7 fillers which are pre-filled in a biological filter bed area box, and after debugging for 5-7 days, uniformly adhering active biological films on the surfaces of the fillers.
H in treated exhaust gas 2 S concentration is 73.6mg/m 3 ，CS 2 The concentration is 671.3mg/m 3 The amount of exhaust gas was 10000m 3 /h。
The method comprises the following steps:
the gas waste gas to be treated is cooled by a water scrubber (not shown) to a temperature below 35 ℃. Then passing through a demister (not shown) to remove sulfuric acid mist contained in the exhaust gas and reduce the acidity of the exhaust gas. The pH of the exhaust condensate at this time is in the range of 2 to 4.
The waste gas enters the pretreatment area 5 through the gas collecting pipeline 3, the gas is regulated to saturated humidity by adopting a gas-liquid cross flow mode, the waste gas enters from the bottom of the biological filter bed 2, and the waste gas passes through the biological filter bed 2 upwards. The top of the biological filter area box 1 is provided with a humidifying spraying device 6, and tap water or reclaimed water is sprayed to the biological filter 2 at the speed of 2t/d and the frequency of 7 min/h. The purified gas is discharged through the exhaust funnel 7, and the pollutant concentration at the outlet of the exhaust funnel is detected.
The results are shown in Table 1, and the results are shown in Table 1 for the waste of the No. 6 biological filter obtained by treating the bacterial cells with No. 6The gas treatment effect is best, and H in the waste gas is treated 2 S and CS 2 The purification efficiency of (2) was the highest and 95.7% and 87.2%, respectively. The No. 7 treatment flora only comprises the desulphurisation flora, does not contain the growth promoting flora, and the No. 7 biological filter bed prepared by the No. 7 treatment flora has the worst waste gas treatment effect on H in waste gas 2 S and CS 2 The purification efficiency of (2) was the lowest, 80.6% and 68.3%, respectively. No. 6 biological filter bed prepared by No. 6 treatment of flora for H in waste gas 2 S purification efficiency was higher than that of H in exhaust gas by a No. 7 biological filter bed prepared by treating the bacterial group No. 7 (control group) 2 S has about 15 percent higher purification efficiency to CS in the waste gas 2 The purification efficiency of (2) is about 19% higher.
TABLE 1
| Flora of bacteria | H 2 S(mg/m 3 ) | Treatment Rate (%) | CS 2 (mg/m 3 ) | Treatment Rate (%) |
| Treatment group 1 | 6.77 | 90.8 | 124.86 | 81.4 |
| Treatment flora No. 2 | 5.30 | 92.8 | 110.09 | 83.6 |
| Treatment group 3 | 7.07 | 90.4 | 128.89 | 80.8 |
| Treatment group 4 | 6.26 | 91.5 | 116.13 | 82.7 |
| Treatment group 5 | 4.34 | 94.1 | 98.68 | 85.3 |
| Treatment flora No. 6 | 3.16 | 95.7 | 85.93 | 87.2 |
| Treatment group 7 | 14.28 | 80.6 | 212.80 | 68.3 |
Example two Effect of different fillers on exhaust treatment efficiency
And adopting different treatment methods for the fillers to obtain 6 different fillers.
The preparation method of the No. 1 filler comprises the following steps:
treatment of volcanic rock particles: pickling in sulfuric acid solution with pH of 4 for 5 min, cleaning with clear water, and naturally air-drying; then alkali washing for 5 minutes in a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH of 10, washing with clear water, and naturally air-drying; finally fumigating volcanic rock in high-pressure steam of 5 Mpa for 3 minutes, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the volcanic rock, and screening volcanic rock particles with the particle size of 30-50 mm. The selected volcanic rock is soaked in the nutrient solution for 10 hours, and then fished out and air-dried.
Preparing a wood block: mechanically crushing the wood blocks, sieving the crushed wood blocks, and selecting the wood blocks with the grain diameter of 5-10cm and the thickness of 1-4 cm. Then the wood block is impacted for 5 to 10 seconds by a high-pressure impact gun of 350 to 400 MPa, and the structural porosity is improved to 60 to 75 percent.
Preparation of raw shell: cleaning raw shells with clear water, sun-drying, crushing, and selecting raw shells with the particle size of 3-7 cm.
And uniformly mixing the volcanic rock particles, the wood blocks and the raw shells obtained by treatment according to the volume ratio of 1.3:0.8:0.6 to obtain the No. 1 filler.
The preparation method of the No. 2 filler comprises the following steps:
treatment of volcanic rock particles: pickling in sulfuric acid solution with pH of 5 for 5 min, cleaning with clear water, and naturally air-drying; then washing with alkali in sodium hydroxide solution with pH of 8 for 5 min, washing with clear water, and naturally air-drying; finally fumigating volcanic rock in high-pressure steam of 5 Mpa for 3 minutes, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the volcanic rock, and screening volcanic rock particles with the particle size of 30-50 mm. The selected volcanic rock is soaked in the nutrient solution for 12 hours, and then fished out and air-dried.
Preparation of ceramsite: pickling in sulfuric acid solution with pH of 5 for 3 min, cleaning with clear water, and naturally air-drying; then alkaline washing for 3 minutes in sodium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 8, washing with clear water and naturally air-drying; finally, fumigating in 2M Pa high-pressure steam for 2 minutes, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the ceramsite, and screening the ceramsite with the grain size of 5-30 mm. And fully mixing the screened ceramsite with a nutrient solution, soaking the ceramsite in the nutrient solution for 12 hours, roasting the ceramsite for 3 hours at a high temperature of 400 ℃, and standing the ceramsite to cool the ceramsite to normal temperature.
Preparing a wood block: mechanically crushing the wood blocks, sieving the crushed wood blocks, and selecting the wood blocks with the grain diameter of 5-10cm and the thickness of 1-4 cm. Then the wood block is impacted for 5 to 10 seconds by a high-pressure impact gun of 350 to 400 MPa, and the structural porosity is improved to 60 to 75 percent.
Preparation of raw shell: cleaning raw shells with clear water, sun-drying, crushing, and selecting raw shells with the particle size of 3-7 cm.
Preparation of coral bone: cleaning coral bone with clear water, sun drying, crushing, and selecting coral bone with particle size of 2-5 cm.
And uniformly mixing the volcanic rock particles, ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones which are obtained through treatment according to the volume ratio of 1.5:1:1.2:0.4:0.5 to obtain a No. 2 filler.
The preparation method of the No. 3 filler comprises the following steps:
treatment of volcanic rock particles: pickling in sulfuric acid solution with pH of 4 for 5 min, cleaning with clear water, and naturally air-drying; then washing with alkali in sodium hydroxide solution with pH of 8 for 5 min, washing with clear water, and naturally air-drying; finally fumigating volcanic rock in high-pressure steam of 10 MPa for 2 minutes, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the volcanic rock, and screening volcanic rock particles with the particle size of 30-50 mm. The selected volcanic rock is soaked in the nutrient solution for 10 hours, and then fished out and air-dried.
Preparation of ceramsite: pickling in sulfuric acid solution with pH of 4 for 3 min, cleaning with clear water, and naturally air-drying; then alkaline washing for 3 minutes in sodium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 8, washing with clear water and naturally air-drying; finally, fumigating in high-pressure steam of 1M Pa for 2 minutes, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the ceramsite, and screening the ceramsite with the particle size of 5-30 mm. And fully mixing the screened ceramsite with a nutrient solution, soaking the ceramsite in the nutrient solution for 10 hours, roasting the ceramsite for 2 hours at a high temperature of 400 ℃, and standing the ceramsite to cool the ceramsite to normal temperature.
Preparing a wood block: mechanically crushing the wood blocks, sieving the crushed wood blocks, and selecting the wood blocks with the grain diameter of 5-10cm and the thickness of 1-4 cm. Then the wood block is impacted for 5 to 10 seconds by a high-pressure impact gun of 350 to 400 MPa, and the structural porosity is improved to 60 to 75 percent.
Preparation of raw shell: cleaning raw shells with clear water, sun-drying, crushing, and selecting raw shells with the particle size of 3-7 cm.
Preparation of coral bone: cleaning coral bone with clear water, sun drying, crushing, and selecting coral bone with particle size of 2-5 cm.
Volcanic rock particles, ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones obtained through treatment are mixed according to a ratio of 1.2:1.2: and uniformly mixing the materials according to the volume ratio of 1:0.3:0.7 to obtain the No. 3 filler.
The preparation method of the No. 4 filler comprises the following steps:
treatment of volcanic rock particles: pickling in sulfuric acid solution with pH of 5 for 5 min, cleaning with clear water, and naturally air-drying; then alkali washing for 5 minutes in a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH of 10, washing with clear water, and naturally air-drying; finally fumigating volcanic rock in high-pressure steam of 10 MPa for 3 minutes, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the volcanic rock, and screening volcanic rock particles with the particle size of 30-50 mm. The selected volcanic rock is soaked in the nutrient solution for 12 hours, and then fished out and air-dried.
Preparation of ceramsite: pickling in sulfuric acid solution with pH of 5 for 3 min, cleaning with clear water, and naturally air-drying; then alkaline washing for 3 minutes in a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH of 10, then cleaning with clear water and naturally air-drying; finally, fumigating for 3 minutes in high-pressure steam of 2M Pa, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the ceramsite, and screening the ceramsite with the particle size of 5-30 mm. And fully mixing the screened ceramsite with a nutrient solution, soaking the ceramsite in the nutrient solution for 12 hours, roasting the ceramsite for 2 hours at a high temperature of 400 ℃, and standing the ceramsite to cool the ceramsite to normal temperature.
Preparing a wood block: mechanically crushing the wood blocks, sieving the crushed wood blocks, and selecting the wood blocks with the grain diameter of 5-10cm and the thickness of 1-4 cm. Then the wood block is impacted for 5 to 10 seconds by a high-pressure impact gun of 350 to 400 MPa, and the structural porosity is improved to 60 to 75 percent.
Preparation of raw shell: cleaning raw shells with clear water, sun-drying, crushing, and selecting raw shells with the particle size of 3-7 cm.
Preparation of coral bone: cleaning coral bone with clear water, sun drying, crushing, and selecting coral bone with particle size of 2-5 cm.
And uniformly mixing the volcanic rock particles, ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones which are obtained through treatment according to the volume ratio of 0.5:0.8:0.6:0.3:0.1 to obtain a filler No. 4.
The preparation method of the No. 5 filler comprises the following steps:
treatment of volcanic rock particles: pickling in sulfuric acid solution with pH of 4 for 3 min, cleaning with clear water, and naturally air-drying; then alkaline washing for 3 minutes in a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH of 10, then cleaning with clear water and naturally air-drying; finally fumigating volcanic rock in high-pressure steam of 5 Mpa for 3 minutes, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the volcanic rock, and screening volcanic rock particles with the particle size of 30-50 mm. The selected volcanic rock is soaked in the nutrient solution for 12 hours, and then fished out and air-dried.
Preparation of ceramsite: pickling in sulfuric acid solution with pH of 4 for 3 min, cleaning with clear water, and naturally air-drying; then alkaline washing for 3 minutes in a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH of 10, then cleaning with clear water and naturally air-drying; finally, fumigating for 3 minutes in high-pressure steam of 1M Pa, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the ceramsite, and screening the ceramsite with the particle size of 5-30 mm. And fully mixing the screened ceramsite with a nutrient solution, soaking the ceramsite in the nutrient solution for 10 hours, roasting the ceramsite for 3 hours at a high temperature of 400 ℃, and standing the ceramsite to cool the ceramsite to normal temperature.
Preparing a wood block: mechanically crushing the wood blocks, sieving the crushed wood blocks, and selecting the wood blocks with the grain diameter of 5-10cm and the thickness of 1-4 cm. Then the wood block is impacted for 5 to 10 seconds by a high-pressure impact gun of 350 to 400 MPa, and the structural porosity is improved to 60 to 75 percent.
Preparation of raw shell: cleaning raw shells with clear water, sun-drying, crushing, and selecting raw shells with the particle size of 3-7 cm.
Preparation of coral bone: cleaning coral bone with clear water, sun drying, crushing, and selecting coral bone with particle size of 2-5 cm.
Volcanic rock particles, ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones obtained through treatment are mixed according to a ratio of 1:1.6: and uniformly mixing the materials according to the volume ratio of 0.9:0.2:0.7 to obtain a No. 5 filler.
The preparation method of the No. 6 filler comprises the following steps:
respectively mechanically crushing volcanic rocks, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones, and selecting volcanic rock particles with the particle size of 30-50 mm; selecting wood blocks with the grain diameter of 5-10cm and the thickness of 1-4 cm; selecting raw shells with the grain diameter of 3-7 cm; selecting coral bones with the particle size of 2-5 cm. Selecting ceramsite with the grain diameter of 5-30 mm.
Volcanic rock particles, ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones obtained through treatment are mixed according to a ratio of 0.7:0.5: and uniformly mixing the materials according to the volume ratio of 0.8:0.6:0.2 to obtain the filler No. 6.
Filling the prepared No. 1-6 fillers into 6 biological filter bed area boxes respectively, and uniformly mixing without compacting.
Method for determining the volume of packing to be packed in a zone box of a biological filter bed: the filler volume is Am 3 The exhaust gas amount is Bm 3 /s (must be defined by m 3 Conversion of/h to m 3 S), A/B=C, 25 s.ltoreq.C.ltoreq.35 s must be satisfied.
The bacterial liquid is prepared by treating the bacterial colony with the No. 6 prepared in the first embodiment. The bacterial liquid is repeatedly circulated by a water pump and respectively and evenly sprayed into the 6 biological filter bed area boxes preloaded with different fillers, and after 5-7 days of debugging, the surfaces of the fillers are enabled to be attached with even active biological films.
H in treated exhaust gas 2 S concentration is 78.2mg/m 3 ，CS 2 The concentration is 651.7mg/m 3 The amount of exhaust gas was 10000m 3 /h。
The method comprises the following steps:
the gas waste gas to be treated is cooled by a water washing tower, and the temperature is reduced to below 35 ℃. Then the waste gas passes through a demister to remove sulfuric acid mist contained in the waste gas, so that the acidity of the waste gas is reduced. The pH of the exhaust condensate at this time is in the range of 2 to 4.
The waste gas enters the pretreatment area 5 through the gas collecting pipeline 3, the gas is regulated to saturated humidity by adopting a gas-liquid cross flow mode, the waste gas enters from the bottom of the biological filter bed 2, and the waste gas passes through the biological filter bed 2 upwards. The top of the biological filter area box 1 is provided with a humidifying spraying device 6, and tap water or reclaimed water is sprayed to the biological filter 2 at the speed of 2t/d and the frequency of 7 min/h. The purified gas is discharged through the exhaust funnel 7, and the pollutant concentration at the outlet of the exhaust funnel is detected.
The results are shown in Table 2 and are obtained using filler No. 5The biological filter bed No. 5 has the best waste gas treatment effect on H in waste gas 2 S has a purification efficiency of 94.8% and a CS content in the exhaust gas 2 The purification efficiency of (2) was 85.4%. Biological filter bed prepared by adopting No. 1, no. 2, no. 3, no. 4 and No. 5 fillers for H in waste gas 2 S has the purification efficiency higher than 90.8 percent and is used for CS in waste gas 2 The purification efficiency of the catalyst is higher than 80.3 percent. The filler No. 6 is not treated at all, and the treatment rate is obviously lower than that of biological filter beds prepared by other treated fillers. The biological filter bed No. 5 has the best treatment effect and the lightest weight. The filler is more ceramsite with lighter density, so that the weight of the box body is reduced. At the same time, the proportion of coral bone in the filler is also the greatest. The porous structure of coral bone is beneficial to the implantation growth of bacteria. Organic matters in coral bones can provide nutrients for the growth and propagation of bacteria. In addition, the main component of the coral bone, namely the calcium carbonate, can also adjust the PH value of the seasoning, thereby creating a proper environment for the growth and propagation of bacteria.
TABLE 2
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Example Effect of three Filler packing on exhaust treatment efficiency
The filler was treated as in example No. 5, as follows:
treatment of volcanic rock particles: pickling in sulfuric acid solution with pH of 4 for 3 min, cleaning with clear water, and naturally air-drying; then alkaline washing for 3 minutes in a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH of 10, then cleaning with clear water and naturally air-drying; finally fumigating volcanic rock in high-pressure steam of 5 Mpa for 3 minutes, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the volcanic rock, and screening volcanic rock particles with the particle size of 30-50 mm. The selected volcanic rock is soaked in the nutrient solution for 12 hours, and then fished out and air-dried.
Preparation of ceramsite: pickling in sulfuric acid solution with pH of 4 for 3 min, cleaning with clear water, and naturally air-drying; then alkaline washing for 3 minutes in a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH of 10, then cleaning with clear water and naturally air-drying; finally, fumigating for 3 minutes in high-pressure steam of 1M Pa, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the ceramsite, and screening the ceramsite with the particle size of 5-30 mm. And fully mixing the screened ceramsite with a nutrient solution, soaking the ceramsite in the nutrient solution for 10 hours, roasting the ceramsite for 3 hours at a high temperature of 400 ℃, and standing the ceramsite to cool the ceramsite to normal temperature.
Preparing a wood block: mechanically crushing the wood blocks, sieving the crushed wood blocks, and selecting the wood blocks with the grain diameter of 5-10cm and the thickness of 1-4 cm. Then the wood block is impacted for 5 to 10 seconds by a high-pressure impact gun of 350 to 400 MPa, and the structural porosity is improved to 60 to 75 percent.
Preparation of raw shell: cleaning raw shells with clear water, sun-drying, crushing, and selecting raw shells with the particle size of 3-7 cm.
Preparation of coral bone: cleaning coral bone with clear water, sun drying, crushing, and selecting coral bone with particle size of 2-5 cm.
H in treated exhaust gas 2 S concentration is 72.6mg/m 3 ，CS 2 The concentration is 665.8mg/m 3 The amount of exhaust gas was 10000m 3 And/h. The cross section area of the biological box body is 36m 2 The filler height was about 2.4m.
The filling method of the biological filter bed No. 1 comprises the following steps:
Volcanic rock particles, ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones obtained through treatment are mixed according to a ratio of 1:1.6: and (3) uniformly mixing the materials in a volume ratio of 0.9:0.2:0.7, and filling the prepared filler into a biological filter bed area box without compacting to prepare the No. 1 biological filter bed.
The filling method of the No. 2 biological filter bed comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing the treated ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones according to the volume ratio of 1:0.6:0.1:0.4, and filling the prepared filler into the lower part of a filler area of a biological filter bed to the height of about 1.4m.
And uniformly mixing volcanic rock particles, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones which are obtained through treatment according to the volume ratio of 1.3:0.8:0.2:0.7, and filling the prepared filler into the upper part of a filler area of the biological filter bed to obtain a No. 2 biological filter bed with the height of about 1m.
The filling method of the No. 3 biological filter bed comprises the following steps:
screening the ceramsite obtained by treatment to obtain ceramsite with 5-15mm and 16-30 mm. Uniformly mixing the treated 5-15mm ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones according to the volume ratio of 1.2:0.5:0.3:0.6, and filling the prepared filler into the lower part of a filler area of a biological filter bed to a height of about 1m.
Uniformly mixing the treated 16-30mm ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones according to the volume ratio of 1.3:0.6:0.2:0.5, and filling the prepared filler into the middle part of the filler area of the biological filter bed to the height of about 1m.
And uniformly mixing volcanic rock particles, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones which are obtained through treatment according to the volume ratio of 1.4:0.7:0.2:0.6, and filling the prepared filler into the upper part of a filler area of the biological filter bed to obtain the biological filter bed No. 3, wherein the height of the filler is about 0.4 m.
The filling method of the No. 4 biological filter bed comprises the following steps:
screening the ceramsite obtained by treatment to obtain ceramsite with 5-10mm,11-20mm and 21-30 mm. Uniformly mixing the treated 5-10mm ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones according to the volume ratio of 1.1:0.5:0.2:0.5, and filling the prepared filler into the lower part of a filler area of a biological filter bed to a height of about 1m.
Uniformly mixing the treated 11-20mm ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones according to the volume ratio of 1.3:0.6:0.3:0.6, and filling the prepared filler into the middle part of the filler area of the biological filter bed to the height of about 0.5m.
Uniformly mixing the treated 21-30mm ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones according to the volume ratio of 1.5:0.7:0.2:0.6, and filling the prepared filler into the upper part of a filler area of a biological filter bed to a height of about 0.25m.
And uniformly mixing volcanic rock particles, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones which are obtained through treatment according to the volume ratio of 1.4:0.7:0.2:0.6, and filling the prepared filler into the top of a filler area of the biological filter bed to obtain a No. 4 biological filter bed with the height of about 0.65 m.
As shown in Table 3, the No. 4 biological filter showed the best effect of treating the exhaust gas, H in the exhaust gas 2 S has a purification efficiency of 98.3% and a CS content in the exhaust gas 2 The purification efficiency of (2) was 91.7%. 1. Biological filter beds 2, 3 and 4 for H in waste gas 2 The purification efficiency of S is higher than 92.7 percent,for CS in exhaust gas 2 The purification efficiency of (a) is higher than 81.9%. The No. 4 biological filter bed adopts a layered filling mode, the grain size of the ceramsite is increased step by step from bottom to top, gaps among the ceramsite are increased step by step, and the spray water smoothly flows downwards after passing through volcanic rock grains and reaches the bottom of the filler, so that moisture and nutrition are provided for bacteria attached and growing at the bottom of the filler.
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Biological filter bed | H 2 S(mg/m 3 ) | Treatment Rate (%) | CS 2 (mg/m 3 ) | Treatment Rate (%) |
| No. 1 biological filter bed | 5.3 | 92.7 | 120.51 | 81.9 |
| No. 2 biological filter bed | 3.34 | 95.4 | 94.54 | 85.8 |
| No. 3 biological filter bed | 1.82 | 97.5 | 78.56 | 88.2 |
| No. 4 biological filter bed | 1.23 | 98.3 | 55.26 | 91.7 |
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explanation of the principles of the present invention and are in no way limiting of the invention. Accordingly, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all such changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundary of the appended claims, or equivalents of such scope and boundary.
Claims (4)
1. The biological filter bed for the treatment of the waste gas produced by the viscose fiber is characterized by comprising a filler and a microbial film attached to the surface of the filler, wherein the microbial film is formed by mixing a desulfurization flora mixture with growth-promoting flora for the treatment of the waste gas produced by the viscose fiber, and then forming a bacterial liquid on the surface of the filler through a biological film;
the growth promoting flora comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 0.8:1.1:0.7:2.6 bifidobacterium bifidum, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus chrysanthemi and bacillus mucilaginosus;
the mass ratio of the desulfurization flora mixture to the growth promoting flora is 3:1, a step of;
the desulfurization flora mixture is used for treating waste gas generated in viscose fiber production;
the filler part of the biological filter bed is sequentially arranged into four layers of a lower part, a middle part, an upper part and a top part from bottom to top according to the height, and the filler comprises volcanic rock particles, ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones; the height of the lower filler is 40% of the total height of the filler, and the lower filler comprises 5-10mm ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones; the height of the middle filler is 20% of the total height of the filler, and the middle filler comprises 11-20mm ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones; the height of the upper filler is 10% of the total height of the filler, and the upper filler comprises 21-30mm ceramsite, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones; the height of the top filling material is 30% of the total height of the filling material, and the top filling material comprises volcanic rock, wood blocks, raw shells and coral bones; the density of the ceramsite filler is sequentially increased from top to bottom, the particle size is sequentially reduced, the downward flow of spray water is facilitated, and nutrition is provided for bacteria in the ceramsite filler at the lower part;
The preparation method of the volcanic rock particles comprises the following steps: acid washing in weak acid solution, washing with clear water and naturally air drying; then alkali washing is carried out in weak alkali solution, then clean water is used for washing, and natural air drying is carried out; finally fumigating volcanic rock by using high-pressure steam, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the volcanic rock, and screening volcanic rock particles with the particle size of 30-50 mm; then soaking the selected volcanic rock in the nutrient solution for 10-12 hours, and then fishing out and air-drying;
the preparation method of the ceramsite comprises the following steps: acid washing in weak acid solution, washing with clear water and naturally air drying; then alkali washing is carried out in weak alkali solution, then clean water is used for washing, and natural air drying is carried out; finally, fumigating the ceramsite by high-pressure steam, removing salt substances remained on the surface of the ceramsite, and screening ceramsite particles with the particle size of 5-30 mm; fully mixing the screened ceramsite with a nutrient solution, soaking the ceramsite in the nutrient solution for 10-12 hours, roasting the ceramsite for 2-3 hours at a high temperature of 400 ℃, and then standing the ceramsite to cool the ceramsite to normal temperature;
the preparation method of the wood block comprises the following steps: mechanically crushing the wood blocks, sieving the crushed wood blocks, selecting the wood blocks with the grain diameter of 5-10cm and the thickness of 1-4cm, and then impacting the wood blocks for 5-10 seconds by using a high-pressure impact gun with the pressure of 350-400 MPa to improve the structural porosity to 60-75%;
The preparation method of the raw shell comprises the following steps: cleaning raw shells with clear water, sun-drying, crushing, and selecting raw shells with the particle size of 3-7 and cm;
the preparation method of the coral bone comprises the following steps: cleaning coral bone with clear water, sun drying, crushing, and selecting coral bone with particle size of 2-5 cm.
2. A biofilter bed for waste gas treatment in viscose manufacture according to claim 1, characterized in that,
in the preparation method of the volcanic rock particles, the weak acid is nitric acid or sulfuric acid solution with pH of 4-5, and the pickling time is 3-5 minutes; the weak base is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution with pH value of 8-10, and the alkali washing time is 3-5 minutes; the high-pressure steam fumigation refers to fumigation of volcanic rock in steam of 5-10 MPa for 2-3 minutes;
in the preparation method of the ceramsite, the weak acid is nitric acid or sulfuric acid solution with the pH value of 4-5, and the pickling time is 3-5 minutes; the weak base is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution with pH value of 8-10, and the alkali washing time is 3-5 minutes; the high-pressure steam fumigation means fumigation of ceramsite in steam of 0.5-2 MPa for 2-3 minutes.
3. An exhaust gas treatment device is characterized by comprising a biological treatment equipment box and a gas collecting pipeline, wherein,
the biological treatment equipment box comprises a pretreatment area for pretreatment of waste gas and a biological filter bed area box with a biological filter bed for treatment of waste gas in viscose fiber production, wherein the biological filter bed area box is provided with the biological filter bed for treatment of waste gas in any one of the claims 1-2 at the bottom;
The waste gas is subjected to cooling and acid mist removal treatment before entering the biological filter bed, and is specifically completed by a water washing tower and a mist eliminator, so that the pH value of waste gas condensate generated in the production process of the viscose fiber after the cooling and acid mist removal treatment is within the range of 2-4; the gas collection conduit is in fluid communication with the pretreatment zone, which is in fluid communication with the tank bottom of the biological filter zone tank; a humidifying spraying device is arranged on the side wall of the pretreatment area and used for spraying tap water or reclaimed water, and the waste gas is regulated to saturated humidity and the temperature is regulated to 20-30 ℃; the top of the biological filter bed area box is also provided with a humidifying spraying device which is used for spraying tap water or reclaimed water to the biological filter bed and providing necessary water for life for the microbial film; the top of the biological filter bed area box is provided with an exhaust funnel for exhausting the gas purified by the biological filter bed.
4. A method of treating viscose process exhaust gas with the biological filter bed of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
collecting and preparing a sulfur removal flora;
preparing a growth promoting flora;
preparing waste gas treatment bacterial liquid;
manufacturing a biological filter bed;
wherein, the preparation of the growth promoting flora and the preparation of the waste gas treatment bacterial liquid comprise the following steps:
Using viscose fiber production factory sewage and a small amount of glucose and beef extract as a culture medium, wherein industrial sewage accounts for 85% of the volume of the culture medium, sterilizing the prepared culture medium at a high temperature of 121 ℃ for 15 minutes, cooling to room temperature, and inoculating a flora mixture for treating waste gas in viscose fiber production; controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture medium to be 0.3-0.8mg/L, the pH value to be 4-5, the temperature to be 20-30 ℃, stirring the culture medium by using a low-speed stirrer, culturing for 8-10 days at the rotating speed of 20r/min, and preparing the bacterial liquid into semi-viscous liquid.
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