CN114570109A - Composite filter element assembly, sedimentation filter tank and backwashing method of composite filter element assembly - Google Patents
Composite filter element assembly, sedimentation filter tank and backwashing method of composite filter element assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN114570109A CN114570109A CN202210495695.XA CN202210495695A CN114570109A CN 114570109 A CN114570109 A CN 114570109A CN 202210495695 A CN202210495695 A CN 202210495695A CN 114570109 A CN114570109 A CN 114570109A
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- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 171
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/02—Combinations of filters of different kinds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/46—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter
- B01D24/4631—Counter-current flushing, e.g. by air
- B01D24/4636—Counter-current flushing, e.g. by air with backwash shoes; with nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D29/66—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
- B01D29/68—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps with backwash arms, shoes or nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/04—Combinations of filters with settling tanks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a composite filter element assembly, a sedimentation filter tank and a backwashing method of the composite filter element assembly, which relate to the technical field of water treatment and comprise the following steps: the filter comprises a central filter element, an outer layer filter member, a particle filter layer and a bearing member; through the bottom installation bearing component at outer filter component, utilize the connecting portion on the bearing component to fix central filter core in outer filter component, utilize the bearing portion on the bearing component to support the particle filtration layer, the formation has first filter layer, the three-layer composite filter core of second filter layer and particle filtration layer, effectively improve filter fineness, replace membrane bioreactor, and can reach membrane bioreactor's treatment effect, because first filter layer and second filter layer all adopt stainless steel mesh structure, lower for membrane bioreactor cost, and long service life, the later maintenance cost is low, it is higher to have alleviated the membrane bioreactor investment and the running cost that exist among the prior art, must regularly change the membrane module, produce the technical problem of multiple investment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a composite filter element assembly, a sedimentation filter tank and a backwashing method of the composite filter element assembly.
Background
The membrane bioreactor is a novel water treatment technology combining an efficient membrane separation technology and an activated sludge process. The application of the hollow fiber membrane replaces a secondary sedimentation tank in an activated sludge process to carry out solid-liquid separation, thereby effectively achieving the purpose of mud-water separation. The membrane bioreactor can work under the condition of high suspended matter (10000 mg/L), and is a great technical progress.
However, membrane bioreactors, which have the disadvantages of high capital and operating costs, require chemical cleaning, which results in chemical wastewater, and, even with chemical cleaning, the flow rate still decays, requiring periodic membrane module replacement, which results in secondary and multiple investments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite filter element assembly, a sedimentation filter tank and a backwashing method of the composite filter element assembly, so as to relieve the technical problems that the investment and the operation cost of a membrane bioreactor are high, membrane assemblies must be replaced regularly, and multiple investments are generated in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a composite filter element assembly comprising: the filter comprises a central filter element, an outer layer filter member, a particle filter layer and a bearing member;
the outer layer filtering component is internally provided with a filtering chamber, the central filter element is arranged in the filtering chamber, the central filter element is provided with a first filtering layer, the outer layer filtering component is provided with a second filtering layer, the particle filtering layer is arranged between the first filtering layer and the second filtering layer, and the first filtering layer and the second filtering layer are both arranged into stainless steel nets;
the bearing member is detachably connected to the bottom of the outer-layer filtering member and is provided with a bearing part and a connecting part, the bearing part is used for supporting the particle filtering layer, and the connecting part is used for fixing the central filter element in the outer-layer filtering member.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the present invention,
the retainer member comprises a cylindrical body, a retainer screen, a connecting ferrule and a bottom end cover;
the top of the cylinder main body is detachably connected with the outer-layer filtering component through a connecting flange, the bottom of the cylinder main body is provided with the bottom end cover, the connecting pipe hoop is arranged in the cylinder main body, and two ends of the bearing filter screen are respectively connected with the connecting pipe hoop and the inner wall of the cylinder main body;
the inner wall of the connecting pipe hoop is provided with pipe threads, the bottom of the central filter element is provided with an outer screw joint, and the outer screw joint is connected with the connecting pipe hoop through the pipe threads;
the bottom of the connecting pipe hoop is communicated with a filtered water outlet pipe, and liquid filtered by the central filter element flows out through the filtered water outlet pipe.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the present invention,
the composite filter element assembly also comprises a filter material backwashing air pipe, a filter material backwashing water pipe and a filter element backwashing air pipe;
the filter material backflushing air pipe and the filter material backflushing water pipe both penetrate through the bottom end cover and extend into the space between the cylinder main body and the connecting pipe hoop, and the air outlet end of the filter material backflushing air pipe and the water outlet end of the filter material backflushing water pipe are both horizontally arranged;
the filter element backflushing gas pipe extends into the connecting pipe hoop, the filter element backflushing gas pipe is provided with a gas inlet end and a gas outlet end which are perpendicular to each other, and the gas outlet end is located on the axis of the connecting pipe hoop.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the present invention,
the central filter element is of a cylindrical structure, and a first supporting layer, a first base layer, a first filtering layer and a first protective layer are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the central filter element from inside to outside.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the present invention,
the outer-layer filtering component is of a cylindrical structure, and a second supporting layer, a second base layer, a second filtering layer and a second protective layer are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the outer-layer filtering component from inside to outside;
the top of the outer layer filtering component is provided with a top end cover, the top position of the particle filtering layer is lower than the top end cover, and a gap is formed between the top end cover and the particle filtering layer to form a backwashing expansion space.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the present invention,
the first supporting layer is higher than the position of the first filter layer is provided with a water blocking ring, the top of the first supporting layer is provided with a lifting ring and a hexagon nut, and the lifting ring and the hexagon nut are higher than the top end cover.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the present invention,
the particle filtering layer is set as active ceramic particles, the specific gravity of the active ceramic particles is 1.1-1.2g/cm, the porosity is 40-60%, the specific surface area is 13-20m2/g, the compressive strength is 5.5-5.78MPa, the shear strength is 3.4-3.8MPa, and the average particle size is 0.5-3 mm.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the present invention,
the composite filter element assembly further comprises an annular air pipe;
the annular air pipe surrounds the outer surface of the cylinder main body, and is provided with an air outlet hole for flushing the outer layer filtering component;
the connecting flange is connected with the annular air pipe.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the present invention,
the composite filter element assembly further comprises a fixed sleeve and a fixed cross beam;
the fixed sleeve is covered on the outer layer filtering component, a space is reserved between the inner wall of the fixed sleeve and the outer layer filtering component, and the fixed sleeve is connected with the fixed cross beam;
the fixed beam is provided with a connecting sleeve, and the bearing component is connected with the connecting sleeve through a flange.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a sedimentation filter tank, which comprises a sedimentation tank main body, a sludge collector, a blow-off pipe and the composite filter element assembly;
a plurality of compound filter element group spare arrange side by side in the sedimentation tank main part, sludge collector is located compound filter element group spare's bottom, just sludge collector sets up to the toper, and is a plurality of sludge collector all with the blow off pipe intercommunication.
In an alternative embodiment of the method of the invention,
and a space is reserved between any two adjacent composite filter element components to form a settling area.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a backwashing method based on the composite filter element assembly, which comprises the following steps:
backwashing a filter element: closing the filtered water outlet pipe, opening the filter element back flushing air pipe, and vertically and upwards spraying the back flushing air entering through the air inlet end along the air outlet end;
backwashing of a filter material: repeatedly and intermittently opening the filter material back-flushing air pipe, and spraying back-flushing gas along the filter material back-flushing air pipe in the horizontal direction so as to enable the filter material in the particle filter layer to vibrate up and down;
backwashing of filter materials: opening a filter material backwashing water pipe, and cleaning the filter material in the particle filter layer by backwashing water through the filter material backwashing water pipe;
outer layer filtering and backwashing: and opening the filter element backflushing gas pipe and the filter material backflushing gas pipe, and flushing the outer-layer filter component from inside to outside by the backflushing gas through the filter element backflushing gas pipe and the filter material backflushing gas pipe.
The invention provides a composite filter element assembly comprising: the filter comprises a central filter element, an outer layer filter member, a particle filter layer and a bearing member; through the bottom installation bearing component at outer filter component, utilize the connecting portion on the bearing component to fix central filter core in outer filter component, utilize the bearing portion on the bearing component to support the particle filtration layer, the formation has first filter layer, the three-layer composite filter core of second filter layer and particle filtration layer, effectively improve filter fineness, replace membrane bioreactor, and can reach membrane bioreactor's treatment effect, because first filter layer and second filter layer all adopt stainless steel mesh structure, lower for membrane bioreactor cost, and long service life, the later maintenance cost is low, it is higher to have alleviated the membrane bioreactor investment and the running cost that exist among the prior art, must regularly change the membrane module, produce the technical problem of multiple investment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a composite filter element assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a central filter element of the composite filter element assembly provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an outer filter element of a composite filter element assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of B in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a composite filter element assembly with a fixed cross member according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a sedimentation tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the water flow movement of a sedimentation basin provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the installation of a filter element backflushing gas tube in a composite filter element assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a sedimentation tank provided with an air compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an outer layer filtration backwash step provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a filter material backflushing step provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of a cartridge backwash procedure provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 14 shows a prior art tee structure.
Icon: 10-filtering material backflushing air pipe; 20-filter material backwashing water pipe; 30-back flushing of the filter element with the air pipe; 40-ring-shaped air pipe; 100-a central filter element; 110-a first filter layer; 120-a first support layer; 130-a first base layer; 140-a first protective layer; 150-external thread joint; 160-water-blocking ring; 170-lifting rings; 180-hexagonal nuts; 200-an outer layer filter member; 210-a second filter layer; 220-a second support layer; 230-a second base layer; 240-a second protective layer; 250-a top end cap; 300-a particle filtration layer; 400-a holding member; 410-a cylindrical body; 420-supporting a filter screen; 430-connecting a pipe hoop; 440-bottom end cap; 450-a connecting flange; 500-fixing the sleeve; 600-fixing the cross beam; 610-a connection sleeve; 700-a main body of a sedimentation tank; 710-a water outlet flange; 720-air compressor; 730-a gas storage tank; 800-sludge collector; 900-sewage draining pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Some embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments and features of the embodiments described below can be combined with each other without conflict.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, and fig. 5, the composite filter element assembly provided in this embodiment includes: a central filter element 100, an outer filter member 200, a particle filtration layer 300, and a brace member 400; the outer filter member 200 has a filter chamber therein, the central filter element 100 is disposed in the filter chamber, the central filter element 100 has a first filter layer 110, the outer filter member 200 has a second filter layer 210, the particle filter layer 300 is disposed between the first filter layer 110 and the second filter layer 210, and both the first filter layer 110 and the second filter layer 210 are disposed as stainless steel meshes; the supporting member 400 is detachably connected to the bottom of the outer layer filtering member 200, the supporting member 400 has a supporting portion for supporting the particle filtering layer 300 and a connecting portion for fixing the central filter element 100 in the outer layer filtering member 200; the central filter element 100 is a cylindrical structure, and the side wall of the central filter element 100 is sequentially provided with a first support layer 120, a first base layer 130, a first filter layer 110 and a first protective layer 140 from inside to outside; the outer-layer filtering member 200 is a cylindrical structure, and the side wall of the outer-layer filtering member 200 is sequentially provided with a second supporting layer 220, a second base layer 230, a second filtering layer 210 and a second protecting layer 240 from inside to outside; the top of the outer filter member 200 is provided with a top end cap 250, the top of the particle filtration layer 300 is lower than the top end cap 250, and a gap is formed between the top end cap 250 and the particle filtration layer 300 to form a backwashing expansion space; the first support layer 120 is provided with a water blocking ring 160 at a position higher than the first filter layer 110, the top of the first support layer 120 is provided with a hanging ring 170 and a hexagonal nut 180, and the hanging ring 170 and the hexagonal nut 180 are positioned higher than the top end cap 250.
Specifically, the center of the composite filter element is a central filter element 100, which is composed of a first support layer 120, a first base layer 130, a first filter layer 110, and a first protective layer 140, wherein the first support layer 120 is a porous stainless steel pipe, the upper end of which is welded with a water-blocking ring 160 to prevent the water flow from short-circuiting and directly entering the first filter layer 110 without passing through the particle filter layer 300, the first base layer 130 is a stainless steel net with a precision of 200-300 μm, for preventing the first filter layer 110 and the first support layer 120 from being closely adhered together to ensure an effective filtering area, the first filter layer 110 is a stainless steel mesh as a working layer with a precision of 1-10 microns, the first protection layer 140 is a thicker stainless steel mesh with a precision of 20-30 microns, the first protection layer 140 contacts the filtering material in the particle filtering layer 300, its purpose is to retain large particle filter material and protect the first filter layer 110 from direct rubbing against the lightweight microporous activated ceramic filter material.
The outer layer of the composite filter element is called as an outer layer filter member 200, and comprises a second support layer 220, a second base layer 230, a second filter layer 210 and a second protective layer 240, wherein the second support layer 220 is a porous stainless steel pipe, the second base layer 230 is a stainless steel net, the precision is 200-300 microns, the second filter layer 210 and the second support layer 220 are prevented from being tightly attached together, the effective filtering area is ensured, the second filter layer 210 is a stainless steel net serving as a working layer, the precision is 1-10 microns, the second protective layer 240 adopts a thicker stainless steel net, the precision is 20-30 microns, and the second protective layer 240 is directly contacted with the filtered liquid.
The middle area of the central filter element 100 and the outer layer filter member 200 is a particle filter layer 300, the filter material adopts light microporous active ceramic particles, which belongs to sintered filter materials, and the ceramic particles meet the following technical parameters: specific gravity of 1.1-1.2g/cm, porosity of 40-60%, specific surface area of 13-20m2/g, compressive strength of 5.5-5.78MPa, shear strength of 3.4-3.8MPa, and average grain diameter of 0.5-3 mm. The main function of the ceramic particles is to further adsorb fine particles, especially colloidal sticky substances, in the water on the basis of the first filter layer 110. The filter material particles are accumulated to form a certain thickness according to needs, namely the filter layer, when filtering, the rugged surface of the filter material particles forms a bent flow channel, as shown by an arrow, when water flow with proper flow velocity passes through the flow channels, the flow velocity in each vertical section is microscopically different, the flow velocity is changed due to the change of the width of the flow channel, impurities in water are continuously pushed to transversely move along the direction of the water flow by the change, the flow velocity at the center of the flow channel is high, the flow velocity on the rugged surface is close to zero, large impurities are directly intercepted, namely mechanical obstruction, medium impurities are retained on the inner surface of a hole due to the change of the flow velocity, namely adsorption, the adsorbed impurities further increase the inner specific surface area, and can adsorb finer impurities, and in the same way, the filter residue is called as residue filtration. In actual work, the effect of slag filter residue is mostly used for adsorbing colloid. It should be noted that: the adsorption is not bonding but a temporary metastable state caused by slow water flow, and is also related to the dielectric property of the surface of the filter material, when the flow rate is changed strongly, impurities in the metastable state can fall off when the filter material is fluffy and vibrated, and the backwashing principle is to utilize the characteristic, introduce pulse gas and water flow at the moment of short time, and change the stable flow rate of the filter state strongly, thereby realizing the backwashing effect.
The hex nut 180 is used to screw the central filter cartridge 100 into the connector ferrule 430 and the lifting ring 170 is used to install the crane.
The composite filter element assembly provided by the embodiment comprises: a central filter element 100, an outer filter member 200, a particle filtration layer 300, and a brace member 400; through the bottom installation bearing component 400 at outer filter component 200, utilize the junction on the bearing component 400 to fix central filter core 100 in outer filter component 200, utilize the bearing on the bearing component 400 to support particle filtration layer 300, the three-layer composite filter core that forms and has first filter layer 110, second filter layer 210 and particle filtration layer 300, effectively improve filtration precision, replace membrane bioreactor, and can reach membrane bioreactor's treatment effect, because first filter layer 110 and second filter layer 210 all adopt the stainless steel mesh structure, lower for membrane bioreactor cost, and long service life, the later maintenance cost is low, it is higher to have alleviated the membrane bioreactor investment and the running cost that exist among the prior art, must regularly change the membrane module, produce the technical problem of a lot of investments.
In an alternative embodiment, the retainer member 400 includes a cylindrical body 410, a retainer screen 420, an attachment collar 430, and a bottom end cap 440; the top of the cylinder body 410 is detachably connected to the outer layer filtering member 200 through a connecting flange 450, the bottom of the cylinder body 410 has a bottom end cap 440, a connecting pipe clamp 430 is disposed in the cylinder body 410, and both ends of the supporting screen 420 are respectively connected to the connecting pipe clamp 430 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 410; the inner wall of the connecting pipe hoop 430 is provided with pipe threads, the bottom of the central filter element 100 is provided with an outer screw joint 150, and the outer screw joint 150 is connected with the connecting pipe hoop 430 through the pipe threads; the bottom of the connecting pipe hoop 430 is communicated with a filtered water outlet pipe, and the liquid filtered by the central filter element 100 flows out through the filtered water outlet pipe.
Specifically, the bottom of the composite filter element is a detachable filter material supporting member 400, which has two functions, namely, the function of supporting the filter material at the first time, the function of fixing the central filter element 100 and the outer filter element 200 at the second time, the diameter of the connecting flange 450 of the cylinder body 410 is the same as that of the outer filter element 200, through the assembly of the connecting flange 450, the filter material backwashing water pipe 20 is used for water inlet during backwashing, the filter material backwashing air pipe 10 is used for air inlet during backwashing, the connecting pipe hoop 430 and the cylinder main body 410 are connected together by the bottom end cover 440, the pipe thread is arranged in the connecting pipe hoop 430, the upper part is connected with the external thread joint 150 of the central filter element 100, the extended water outlet pipeline is arranged at the lower part, the bearing filter screen 420 is formed by stacking a plurality of layers of stainless steel meshes and plays a role of bearing filter material particles, in order to prevent the stainless steel net from moving up and down, detachable flanges are respectively pressed by bolts, and fixed flanges are welded on the inner wall of the cylinder body 410.
In an optional embodiment, the composite filter element assembly further comprises a filter material backwashing air pipe 10, a filter material backwashing water pipe 20 and a filter element backwashing air pipe 30; the filter material backflushing air pipe 10 and the filter material backflushing water pipe 20 both penetrate through the bottom end cover 440 and extend into the space between the cylinder main body 410 and the connecting pipe hoop 430, and the air outlet end of the filter material backflushing air pipe 10 and the water outlet end of the filter material backflushing water pipe 20 are both horizontally arranged; the filter element backwash air pipe 30 extends into the connection pipe hoop 430, and the filter element backwash air pipe 30 has an air inlet end and an air outlet end which are vertically connected with each other, and the air outlet end is located on the axis of the connection pipe hoop 430.
In an alternative embodiment, the composite filter cartridge assembly further comprises an annular gas tube 40; an annular air pipe 40 surrounds the outer surface of the cylinder body 410, the annular air pipe 40 having an air outlet for washing the outer layer filter member 200; the connection flange 450 is connected to the circular air tube 40.
Specifically, annular trachea 40 encircles can dismantle filter material bearing mechanism a week, and lower part equipartition hole is used for lasting jet-propelled in filtering work, plays the effect of scouring away outer filter component 200, and the bolt of flange 450 extension is used for fixed annular trachea 40.
The height of the ceramic particles is lower than that of the top end cover 250, a space for backwashing to expand upwards is reserved, but the height of the ceramic particles is higher than that of the water-blocking ring 160 on the central filter element 100, and the water-blocking ring 160 is uniformly welded at a proper position of the central filter element 100, so that water flow is prevented from directly entering the central filter element 100 without passing through the ceramic particles.
As shown in fig. 6, in an alternative embodiment, the composite filter element assembly further comprises a fixing sleeve 500 and a fixing cross-beam 600; the fixed sleeve 500 is covered on the outer layer filtering component 200, a distance is reserved between the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 500 and the outer layer filtering component 200, and the fixed sleeve 500 is connected with the fixed beam 600; the fixing beam 600 is provided with a connection sleeve 610, and the supporting member 400 is connected to the connection sleeve 610 through a flange.
Specifically, a fixing sleeve 500 is additionally arranged outside the outer-layer filtering member 200 to form a composite filter element unit, the bottom end cover 440 is connected with the fixing beam 600 through a connecting sleeve 610 and a flange bolt, the fixing sleeve 500 is also connected with the fixing beam 600 through a flange, the inner diameter of the fixing sleeve 500 is slightly larger than that of the outer-layer filtering member 200, so that a gap is formed, bubbles generated by the annular air pipe 40 can only vibrate and rise through the gap, and the surface of the outer-layer filtering member 200 is rubbed and cleaned, on one hand, the bubbles are prevented from being diffused in a larger range due to the vertical and upward guiding effect of the fixing sleeve 500 on the bubbles, so that all the bubbles generated by the annular air pipe 40 act on the surface of a filter screen, the waste of transverse diffusion is avoided, on the other hand, the more important effect of the fixing sleeve 500 is that a static area for isolating the bubbles is formed on the outer layer, the area is a static settling area, and dirt brought out by bubbles can be effectively settled and concentrated for a long time and then discharged, so that the filter element is quickly and continuously filtered and is effectively separated from the slow settling of the settling pond without mutual influence.
Further, the gap between the fixed sleeve 500 and the outer layer filtering member 200 faces the silt which can not be supported by the bubbles, and can be allowed to sink and be merged with the sludge outside the fixed sleeve 500 for discharge.
As shown in fig. 7, the sedimentation filter tank provided by the present embodiment includes a sedimentation tank main body 700, a sludge collector 800, a sewage pipe 900 and a composite filter element assembly; a plurality of compound filter element group spares in sedimentation tank main part 700 side by side, and sludge collector 800 is located the bottom of compound filter element group spare, and sludge collector 800 sets up to the toper, and a plurality of sludge collector 800 all communicate with blow off pipe 900.
Specifically, the bottom of traditional sedimentation tank is the toper mostly, and aim at collects the precipitate gradually, but the sedimentation tank is big more, then the shared perpendicular space of cone is also big more, this embodiment changes the filtering pond bottom into a plurality of cone combinations that parallel by single cone, and toper sludge collector 800 bottom is connected with blow off pipe 900 way to reduce the height than single filtering pond cone, also consequently and reduced the height in whole filtering pond, and then reduced the lift of intaking, played energy-conserving effect. The shell without the composite filter element assembly is called a sedimentation tank, the shell with the composite filter element assembly is called a sedimentation filter tank, the filter units play a role in filtration, and the units play a role in static sedimentation.
In addition, as shown in fig. 10, a water outlet flange 710 is installed on the sedimentation tank main body 700, the sedimentation tank main body 700 is connected with a gas storage tank 730, the air compressor 720 is connected with the gas storage tank 730, a reverse inflation gas source is provided for the filter element in the tank through the air compressor 720 and the gas storage tank 730, the filtered purified water is output through an external pipeline of the water outlet flange 710, and the gradually precipitated sludge is discharged through a sewage discharge pipe 900.
In an alternative embodiment, any two adjacent composite filter element assemblies have a spacing therebetween that forms a settling zone.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, the sedimentation filter tank adopts a cross working principle, namely that water flowing through the composite filter element assembly flows in a horizontal direction, while the water outside the fixed sleeve 500 in the composite filter element assembly is deposited in a vertically downward direction, the two are not interfered with each other because of the separation of the fixed sleeve 500, in the traditional sedimentation tank, the effluent suspended substance is influenced by the sedimentation time, the effluent suspended substance is lower as the sedimentation time is longer, but the working efficiency is also reduced, the cross working principle ensures that the effluent suspended substance is only related to the precision of the composite filter element component and is not related to the settling time, the concentrated sewage can be settled as much as possible in the settling zone between the fixed sleeves 500 for a long time, the concentration effect is improved, the designed composite filter element has the water outlet efficiency far higher than that of a precipitation mode on the premise that the water outlet suspended matters meet the requirements.
The sewage to be filtered firstly passes through the outer layer filtering component 200, the surface of the filter screen can gradually accumulate concentrated sludge, and further can prevent subsequent water flow from passing through, in order to keep continuous filtering to be carried out smoothly, the valve of the annular air pipe 40 at the bottom is opened for inflation, the annular air pipe 40 surrounds a circle, air holes are uniformly distributed downwards, bubble groups are formed around the periphery of the composite filter element after inflation, due to the limiting effect of the fixed sleeve 500, bubbles can not be diffused, and only can overflow upwards in the oscillation process, so that shearing force is formed on the outer layer filtering component 200, the stable accumulation of the sludge is damaged, due to the adoption of the compact stainless steel mesh, the sludge is not easy to adhere tightly due to smooth surface, therefore, under the scrubbing effect of the bubbles, the fallen sludge sinks heavier, the lighter sludge upwards passes through the cylinder main body 410 and enters a settling zone, and static settling which is not interfered by the bubbles is carried out in the settling zone, the fixing sleeve 500 plays multiple roles of isolating bubbles, guiding bubbles and guiding sludge sedimentation.
The backwashing method based on the composite filter element assembly provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps: backwashing a filter element: the filtered water outlet pipe is closed, the filter element backwashing air pipe 30 is opened, and the backwashing gas entering through the air inlet end is vertically sprayed upwards along the air outlet end; backwashing of a filter material: repeatedly and intermittently opening the filter material backflushing gas pipe 10, and spraying backflushing gas along the filter material backflushing gas pipe 10 in the horizontal direction so as to enable the filter material in the particle filter layer 300 to vibrate up and down; backwashing of filter materials: opening the filter material backwash water pipe 20, and cleaning the filter material in the particle filter layer 300 by backwash water through the filter material backwash water pipe 20; outer layer filtering and backwashing: the filter element backwashing air pipe 30 and the filter material backwashing air pipe 10 are opened, and the backwashing air passes through the filter element backwashing air pipe 30 and the filter material backwashing air pipe 10 to wash the outer-layer filter component 200 from inside to outside.
Specifically, the filter element backwashing is backwashing on the central filter element 100, the valve on the filtered water outlet pipe is closed, the valve on the filter element backwashing air pipe 30 is opened, and in order to enable the air flow to go upwards quickly, a special three-way pipe is designed, as shown in fig. 9, the pipe joint guides the air pipe to enter the water outlet pipe, the pipe is turned by 90 degrees from an elbow, the air pipe is enabled to go upwards vertically, all gas is guided to act on the central filter element 100 for backwashing, if a commercially available three-way pipe is directly adopted, as shown in fig. 14, after the gas enters the water outlet pipe, a flow dividing state of going upwards and downwards simultaneously is achieved, particularly, when the valve of the water outlet pipe has a fault, a part of gas can be lost, and the effective work of the backflushing gas is reduced.
Because the central filter element 100 is filled with water, the air flow in the vertical direction is forced to be in the horizontal direction due to the resistance of the water, as shown in fig. 13, the air flow in the horizontal direction performs a reverse blowing function on the filter element, further, the air flow from the bottom to the top forms an air cushion, and the water is supported to be discharged gradually upwards, so that the air flow in the horizontal direction also moves gradually upwards, and the central filter element 100 is cleaned in a reverse way from the bottom to the top until the air flow overflows from the top.
As shown in fig. 12, the filter material backwashing and the filter material backflushing are performed on the ceramic filter material, the filter material backflushing air pipe 10 is opened, because of the action of the air pipe elbow, the air is not upwards instantly but transversely filled in the space below the filter material bearing net, thereby forming an air cushion to push the filter material to move upwards, closing the filter material backflushing air pipe 10, restoring the filter material to the original position, opening and closing a valve on the filter material backflushing air pipe 10 repeatedly intermittently and instantly to shake the filter material up and down, playing a role in cleaning and rubbing the filter material, the dirt between the filter materials can be fallen off, the valve on the filter material backflushing air pipe 10 can be opened and closed instantly to form pulse gas, the airflow passes through between the ceramic particles instantly to form airflow and water flow, and thus, instant negative pressure is generated, and the negative pressure can generate suction force so as to take out impurities temporarily retained in the surface gaps of the particles.
Open the backwash inlet tube of being connected with connecting pipe hoop 430, let in clean water and further wash the filter material for the colloid class material that adsorbs on the filter material can dilute and separate out, and all the fine impurity or the colloid that adsorb at ceramic particle all come from crossing outer mesh, also are less than outer mesh, and consequently, the impurity or the colloid of backwash also can be discharged through outer mesh, and the combustion gas hydrodynamic force is far more than normal filterable position difference power.
As shown in fig. 11, the outer-layer filter backwashing is to backwash the outer-layer net, and further, the valve on the filter element backwashing air pipe 30 and the valve on the filter material backwashing air pipe 10 are opened simultaneously to inflate the central filter element 100 and the ceramic filter material, as shown in fig. 11, the instantaneous air flow is subjected to the resistance of the water and the filter material to form an air cushion which continuously moves upwards, the air is forced to change into horizontal impact force to clean the outer-layer filter net, and the horizontal impact force gradually moves upwards along with the upward movement of the water and the ceramic particles, so that the whole backwashing of the outer-layer filter net from bottom to top is completed.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A composite filter element assembly, comprising: a central filter element (100), an outer filter member (200), a particle filtration layer (300) and a bracing member (400);
the outer filter member (200) having a filter chamber therein, the central filter element (100) being disposed within the filter chamber, the central filter element (100) having a first filter layer (110), the outer filter member (200) having a second filter layer (210), the particle filter layer (300) being disposed between the first filter layer (110) and the second filter layer (210), the first filter layer (110) and the second filter layer (210) each being provided as a stainless steel mesh;
the bearer member (400) is detachably connected to the bottom of the outer-layer filtering member (200), the bearer member (400) has a bearer portion for supporting the particle filtering layer (300) and a connecting portion for fixing the central filter element (100) in the outer-layer filtering member (200).
2. The composite filter element assembly of claim 1,
the retainer member (400) comprises a cylindrical body (410), a retainer screen (420), a connecting collar (430), and a bottom end cap (440);
the top of the cylinder main body (410) is detachably connected with the outer-layer filtering member (200) through a connecting flange (450), the bottom of the cylinder main body (410) is provided with the bottom end cover (440), the connecting pipe hoop (430) is arranged in the cylinder main body (410), and two ends of the bearing filter screen (420) are respectively connected with the connecting pipe hoop (430) and the inner wall of the cylinder main body (410);
the inner wall of the connecting pipe hoop (430) is provided with pipe threads, the bottom of the central filter element (100) is provided with an outer screw joint (150), and the outer screw joint (150) is connected with the connecting pipe hoop (430) through the pipe threads;
the bottom of the connecting pipe hoop (430) is communicated with a filtered water outlet pipe, and liquid filtered by the central filter element (100) flows out through the filtered water outlet pipe.
3. The composite filter element assembly of claim 2,
the composite filter element assembly also comprises a filter material backwashing air pipe (10), a filter material backwashing water pipe (20) and a filter element backwashing air pipe (30);
the filter material backflushing air pipe (10) and the filter material backflushing water pipe (20) penetrate through the bottom end cover (440) and extend into the space between the cylinder main body (410) and the connecting pipe hoop (430), and the air outlet end of the filter material backflushing air pipe (10) and the water outlet end of the filter material backflushing water pipe (20) are horizontally arranged;
the filter element backflushing gas pipe (30) extends into the connecting pipe hoop (430), the filter element backflushing gas pipe (30) is provided with a gas inlet end and a gas outlet end which are perpendicular to each other, and the gas outlet end is located on the axis of the connecting pipe hoop (430).
4. The composite filter element assembly of claim 3,
the filter element is characterized in that the central filter element (100) is arranged to be of a cylindrical structure, and a first supporting layer (120), a first base layer (130), a first filtering layer (110) and a first protective layer (140) are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the central filter element (100) from inside to outside.
5. The composite filter element assembly of claim 4,
the outer-layer filtering component (200) is of a cylindrical structure, and a second supporting layer (220), a second base layer (230), a second filtering layer (210) and a second protective layer (240) are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the outer-layer filtering component (200) from inside to outside;
the top of the outer filter member (200) is provided with a top end cover (250), the top position of the particle filtration layer (300) is lower than the top end cover (250), and a gap is formed between the top end cover (250) and the particle filtration layer (300) to form a backwashing expansion space.
6. The composite filter element assembly of claim 5,
the position of the first supporting layer (120) higher than the first filtering layer (110) is provided with a water blocking ring (160), the top of the first supporting layer (120) is provided with a lifting ring (170) and a hexagonal nut (180), and the positions of the lifting ring (170) and the hexagonal nut (180) are higher than the top end cover (250).
7. The composite filter element assembly of claim 6,
the particle filtering layer (300) is provided with active ceramic particles, the specific gravity of the active ceramic particles is 1.1-1.2g/cm, the porosity is 40-60%, the specific surface area is 13-20m2/g, the compressive strength is 5.5-5.78MPa, the shear strength is 3.4-3.8MPa, and the average particle size is 0.5-3 mm.
8. The composite filter element assembly of claim 7,
the composite filter element assembly further comprises an annular air tube (40);
the annular air pipe (40) surrounds the outer surface of the cylinder main body (410), and the annular air pipe (40) is provided with an air outlet hole for flushing the outer-layer filtering component (200);
the connecting flange (450) is connected with the annular air pipe (40).
9. The composite filter element assembly of claim 8,
the composite filter element assembly further comprises a fixing sleeve (500) and a fixing cross beam (600);
the fixed sleeve (500) is covered on the outer layer filtering component (200), a distance is reserved between the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (500) and the outer layer filtering component (200), and the fixed sleeve (500) is connected with the fixed cross beam (600);
the fixed cross beam (600) is provided with a connecting sleeve (610), and the supporting member (400) is connected with the connecting sleeve (610) through a flange.
10. A sedimentation filter tank, comprising a sedimentation tank body (700), a sludge collector (800), a drain pipe (900) and a composite filter element assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9;
the composite filter element assemblies are arranged in the sedimentation tank main body (700) in parallel, the sludge collector (800) is positioned at the bottom of the composite filter element assemblies, the sludge collector (800) is conical, and the sludge collector (800) is communicated with the sewage discharge pipe (900).
11. A sedimentation filter tank according to claim 10,
and a space is reserved between any two adjacent composite filter element components to form a settling area.
12. A method of backwashing a composite filter element module according to any of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
backwashing a filter element: the filtered water outlet pipe is closed, the filter element backflushing gas pipe (30) is opened, and backflushing gas entering through the gas inlet end is vertically sprayed upwards along the gas outlet end;
backwashing of a filter material: repeatedly and intermittently opening the filter material backflushing air pipe (10), and spraying backflushing gas along the filter material backflushing air pipe (10) in the horizontal direction so as to enable the filter material in the particle filter layer (300) to vibrate up and down;
backwashing of filter materials: opening the filter material backwashing water pipe (20), and cleaning the filter material in the particle filter layer (300) by backwashing water through the filter material backwashing water pipe (20);
outer layer filtering and backwashing: the filter element backflushing air pipe (30) and the filter material backflushing air pipe (10) are opened, and backflushing air washes the outer-layer filter component (200) from inside to outside through the filter element backflushing air pipe (30) and the filter material backflushing air pipe (10).
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114570109B (en) | 2022-07-19 |
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