CN114569823A - High-effect dialyzer - Google Patents
High-effect dialyzer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114569823A CN114569823A CN202210318358.3A CN202210318358A CN114569823A CN 114569823 A CN114569823 A CN 114569823A CN 202210318358 A CN202210318358 A CN 202210318358A CN 114569823 A CN114569823 A CN 114569823A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- hollow fiber
- fiber membrane
- efficiency
- dialysate
- membrane bundle
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000322 hemodialysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010405 clearance mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000385 dialysis solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000017169 kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1621—Constructional aspects thereof
- A61M1/1623—Disposition or location of membranes relative to fluids
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency dialyzer.two ends of a hollow fiber membrane bundle are respectively connected with two sealing rubbers; blood flows into the hollow fiber membrane bundle through the blood inlet and flows out of the blood outlet, dialysate enters the outside of the hollow fiber membrane bundle from the dialysate inlet and is discharged from the dialysate outlet, and the blood exchanges substances with the dialysate when passing through the hollow fiber membrane bundle; the hollow fiber membrane bundle comprises at least two hollow fiber membrane bundles made of different materials, the same hollow fiber membrane bundle is made of the same material, the hollow fiber membrane bundles made of different materials realize substance exchange through different mechanisms, and the different hollow fiber membrane bundles are separated by the middle partition plate, so that the hollow fiber membrane bundles are kept in relatively independent spaces and the uniform substance exchange effect is kept; the invention utilizes the hollow fiber membrane bundle made of different materials, combines the advantages of different mechanisms in the process of one-time dialysis, thereby improving the efficiency of dialysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, and further relates to a high-efficiency dialyzer.
Background
Hemodialysis is an important treatment mode for treating end-stage nephropathy, blood of a dialysis patient is led out of the body through a power system of dialysis equipment, the blood led out of the body flows in a hemodialysis pipeline and a dialyzer to form an extracorporeal circulation closed-loop system, the blood flows inside hollow fiber membrane filaments of the dialyzer, dialysate flows outside the hollow fiber membrane filaments of the dialyzer, the flow directions of the blood and the dialysate are in a staggered flow mode, and therefore the exchange of substances between the blood and the dialysate is facilitated.
At present, most hollow fiber dialyzers in the market adopt a single membrane material, such as polysulfone, polyether sulfone, cellulose triacetate and other materials, the single membrane material can only exert limited dialysis efficacy, such as one of dispersion, convection or adsorption, but can not well combine multiple clearance mechanisms to play a role, so that the dialysis efficiency is low, the treatment effect of single dialysis is poor, and the recovery of dialysis patients is not facilitated.
For those skilled in the art, how to improve the efficiency of the dialyzer is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency dialyzer, which combines hollow fiber membrane bundles made of different materials to realize more than two dialysis mechanisms, improves the dialysis efficiency, and has the following specific scheme:
a high-efficiency dialyzer comprises an outer shell and end covers, wherein sealing glue is respectively arranged at two ends of the outer shell, and two ends of a hollow fiber membrane bundle are respectively connected to the two sealing glue; the side wall of the outer shell is respectively provided with a dialysate inlet and a dialysate outlet, and the two end covers are respectively provided with a blood inlet and a blood outlet;
the hollow fiber membrane bundle comprises at least two hollow fiber membrane bundles made of different materials, and the different hollow fiber membrane bundles are separated by an intermediate separation plate.
Optionally, the positions of the outer shell close to the two end parts are respectively provided with a full-circle baffle for uniformly distributing dialysate;
the hollow fiber membrane bundle passes through the full-circumference type baffle.
Optionally, the intermediate divider plate is located between two of the full perimeter baffles.
Optionally, the two ends of the middle partition plate are respectively provided with a hollowed notch.
Optionally, the gaps at the two ends of the middle partition plate are circular arc-shaped.
Optionally, the middle separation plate is a flat plate, and separates two hollow fiber membrane split beams; the number of hollow fiber membrane filaments split by each hollow fiber membrane is equal.
Optionally, a central angle of the circular arc notches at the two ends of the partition plate is 120 degrees, and an included angle between tangents at two end points of the circular arc notches is 45 degrees.
Optionally, the intermediate partition plates are distributed with holes with uniform sizes.
Optionally, the intermediate partition plate is made of a polypropylene plate and is integrally formed with the outer shell.
Optionally, the material of the hollow fiber membrane bundle comprises at least polysulfone, polyethersulfone, cellulose triacetate.
The invention provides a high-efficiency dialyzer, wherein two ends of an outer shell are respectively provided with sealing glue, and two ends of a hollow fiber membrane bundle are respectively connected with the two sealing glue; blood flows into the hollow fiber membrane bundle through the blood inlet and flows out of the blood outlet, dialysate enters the outside of the hollow fiber membrane bundle from the dialysate inlet and is discharged from the dialysate outlet, and the blood exchanges substances with the dialysate when passing through the hollow fiber membrane bundle; the hollow fiber membrane bundle comprises at least two hollow fiber membrane bundles made of different materials, the same hollow fiber membrane bundle is made of the same material, the hollow fiber membrane bundles made of different materials realize substance exchange through different mechanisms, and the different hollow fiber membrane bundles are separated by the middle partition plate, so that the hollow fiber membrane bundles are kept in relatively independent spaces and the uniform substance exchange effect is kept; the invention utilizes the hollow fiber membrane bundle made of different materials, combines the advantages of different mechanisms in the process of one-time dialysis, thereby improving the efficiency of dialysis.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high performance dialyzer according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the high efficiency dialyzer of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the intermediate divider plate;
fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the high efficiency dialyzer in accordance with the present invention.
The figure includes:
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a high-efficiency dialyzer, which combines hollow fiber membrane bundles made of different materials to realize more than two dialysis mechanisms, thereby improving the dialysis efficiency.
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the high performance dialyzer of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high efficiency dialyzer according to the present invention; the high-efficiency dialyzer comprises a shell 1, an end cover 2, sealing glue 3, a hollow fiber membrane bundle 4, a middle partition plate 5 and the like. Two end covers 2 are respectively installed at the both ends of shell body 1, and end cover 2 and shell body 1 adopt threaded connection usually, set up the sealing washer between end cover 2 and shell body 1, keep both sealed effects, and both form sealed cavity after the assembly.
The two ends of the outer shell 1 are respectively provided with sealing glue 3, the two ends of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 are respectively connected with the two sealing glue 3, the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 forms a tube bundle through the two sealing glue 3, the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 is formed by a plurality of hollow fiber membrane tubules, and the hollow fiber membrane bundle is different from thousands of hollow fiber membrane tubules to tens of thousands of hollow fiber membrane tubules according to the difference of the membrane area of the dialyzer.
The side wall of the outer shell 1 is respectively provided with a dialysate inlet 11 and a dialysate outlet 12, and the two end covers 2 are respectively provided with a blood inlet 21 and a blood outlet 22; the dialysate enters the outer housing 1 through the dialysate inlet 11, contacts the outer surface of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4, and is discharged from the dialysate outlet 12. Blood enters from the blood inlet 21, flows through the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4, and is discharged from the blood outlet 22. The side walls of the hollow fiber membrane tubules constituting the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 have numerous nano-scale micropores, and water and toxins in blood can be discharged through the micropores to exchange substances with dialysate.
The hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 comprises at least two hollow fiber membrane bundles of different materials, and the different hollow fiber membrane bundles are separated by an intermediate partition plate 5. More than two hollow fiber membrane beam splitting jointly form a hollow fiber membrane beam 4, and each hollow fiber membrane beam splitting is composed of hollow fiber membrane tubules made of the same material; the hollow fiber membrane beam splitting of different materials utilizes different mechanisms to achieve the effect of removing toxins through dialysis.
Because different materials adopt different mechanisms, in order to avoid mutual interference and ensure that each hollow fiber membrane tubule can realize the effect of material exchange, the invention separates the beam splitting of different hollow fiber membranes and utilizes the middle partition plate 5 as a separation structure.
The length direction of the middle partition plate 5 is the same as that of the outer shell 1, the inner cavity of the outer shell 1 is partitioned by the middle partition plate 5, each partitioned small space is not completely free of communication, dialysate can be communicated among different small spaces, and a bundle of hollow fiber membrane beam splitting devices with the same material is arranged in each partitioned small space
The high-efficiency dialyzer of the invention utilizes the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 made of different materials, blood completes dialysis by different mechanisms when flowing through the hollow fiber membrane tubules made of different materials, and combines the advantages of different mechanisms in one dialysis process, thereby improving the efficiency of dialysis.
On the basis of the scheme, the positions, close to the two end parts, of the outer shell 1 are respectively provided with a full-circle baffle 6 for uniformly distributing dialysate, and the full-circle baffle 6 is positioned between the two sealing rubbers 3; the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 passes through the circumferential baffle 6, fine through holes are arranged on the circumferential baffle 6, and dialysate passes through the circumferential baffle 6, so that the dialysate uniformly flows to all positions of the cross section of the outer shell 1, and all hollow fiber membrane tubules can play a dialysis function.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the high efficiency dialyzer of the present invention; the hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 is removed in the figure; fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the high efficiency dialyzer of the present invention. The middle separation plate 5 is positioned between the two full-circumference type baffles 6, the length of the middle separation plate 5 is smaller than the distance between the two full-circumference type baffles 6, and the dialysate can directly pass through the full-circumference type baffles 6 when flowing in. The dialysate inlet 11 and the dialysate outlet 12 correspond to the two full-circumference type baffles 6, respectively, and the intermediate partition plate 5 is located between the dialysate inlet 11 and the dialysate outlet 12.
The two ends of the middle partition plate 5 are respectively provided with a hollowed notch. When the dialysate passes through the circumferential baffle 6 and reaches the end of the intermediate divider 5, the dialysate is not isolated at the position of the gap, and the dialysate continues to flow to the solid portion of the intermediate divider 5 and is isolated. The design of the notches at the two ends of the middle partition plate 5 can ensure that the dialysate can better flow through each hollow fiber membrane wire.
Preferably, the notches at both ends of the middle partition plate 5 in the present invention are circular arc shaped.
As shown in fig. 4, it is a schematic structural view of the intermediate partition plate 5; in this embodiment, the intermediate partition plate 5 is a flat plate that partitions two hollow fiber membrane bundles, and if three or more hollow fiber membrane bundles are used, the intermediate partition plate 5 has a spatial three-dimensional structure that is symmetrical about the central axis as a symmetry axis.
The number of the hollow fiber membrane filaments of each hollow fiber membrane beam is equal, so that the amount of blood flowing through each hollow fiber membrane beam is approximately equal.
In this embodiment, the central angle of the circular arc gap at both ends of the partition plate 5 is 120 degrees, and the tangential angle of both ends of the circular arc gap is 45 degrees.
On the basis of any technical scheme, the middle partition plate 5 is provided with holes with uniform size, and dialyzates are mutually communicated through the holes formed in the middle partition plate 5.
The middle partition plate 5 is made of a polypropylene (PP) plate, and the material of the middle partition plate 5 is the same as that of the outer shell 1; the middle partition plate 5 and the outer shell 1 are integrally processed and formed and can be processed and manufactured by adopting a 3D printing technology.
The hollow fiber membrane bundle 4 is made of materials at least including polysulfone, polyethersulfone and cellulose triacetate, namely two materials are selected from different materials, different dialysis mechanisms of the different materials are different, and the different mechanisms are combined by utilizing dispersion and convection of a polysulfone membrane material and adsorption of polymethyl methacrylate, so that dialysis is realized more efficiently.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A high-efficiency dialyzer comprises an outer shell (1) and an end cover (2), and is characterized in that sealing glue (3) is respectively arranged at two ends of the outer shell (1), and two ends of a hollow fiber membrane bundle (4) are respectively connected to the two sealing glue (3); the side wall of the outer shell (1) is respectively provided with a dialysate inlet (11) and a dialysate outlet (12), and the two end covers (2) are respectively provided with a blood inlet (21) and a blood outlet (22);
the hollow fiber membrane bundle (4) comprises at least two hollow fiber membrane bundles made of different materials, and the different hollow fiber membrane bundles are separated by an intermediate separation plate (5).
2. The high-efficiency dialyzer according to claim 1, wherein a circumferential baffle (6) for evenly distributing dialysate is provided at a position of the outer shell (1) near the two ends;
the hollow fiber membrane bundle (4) passes through the full-circumference baffle (6).
3. The high-efficiency dialyzer according to claim 2, characterized in that the intermediate separating plate (5) is located between two of the circumferential baffles (6).
4. The high performance dialyzer according to claim 2, wherein the intermediate partition plate (5) is provided with hollowed-out notches at both ends.
5. The high-efficiency dialyzer according to claim 4, characterized in that the notches at both ends of the intermediate separating plate (5) are rounded.
6. The high efficiency dialyzer according to claim 5, wherein the intermediate separating plate (5) is a flat plate separating two of the hollow fiber membrane splits; the number of hollow fiber membrane filaments split by each hollow fiber membrane is equal.
7. The high performance dialyzer according to claim 6, wherein the central angle of the circular arc gaps at both ends of the partition plate (5) is 120 degrees, and the included angle between the tangent lines at both ends of the circular arc gaps is 45 degrees.
8. The high-efficiency dialyzer according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the intermediate separating plates (5) are distributed with uniformly sized holes.
9. The high-efficiency dialyzer according to claim 8, characterized in that the intermediate separating plate (5) is made of a polypropylene plate, which is integrally formed with the outer housing (1).
10. The high-efficiency dialyzer according to claim 8, characterized in that the material of the hollow fiber membrane bundle (4) comprises at least polysulfone, polyethersulfone, cellulose triacetate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210318358.3A CN114569823A (en) | 2022-03-29 | 2022-03-29 | High-effect dialyzer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210318358.3A CN114569823A (en) | 2022-03-29 | 2022-03-29 | High-effect dialyzer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114569823A true CN114569823A (en) | 2022-06-03 |
Family
ID=81782690
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210318358.3A Pending CN114569823A (en) | 2022-03-29 | 2022-03-29 | High-effect dialyzer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114569823A (en) |
-
2022
- 2022-03-29 CN CN202210318358.3A patent/CN114569823A/en active Pending
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