CN114568529A - Milk powder and its production method - Google Patents
Milk powder and its production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114568529A CN114568529A CN202011381160.7A CN202011381160A CN114568529A CN 114568529 A CN114568529 A CN 114568529A CN 202011381160 A CN202011381160 A CN 202011381160A CN 114568529 A CN114568529 A CN 114568529A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
- A23C9/156—Flavoured milk preparations ; Addition of fruits, vegetables, sugars, sugar alcohols or sweeteners
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C1/00—Concentration, evaporation or drying
- A23C1/04—Concentration, evaporation or drying by spraying into a gas stream
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C1/00—Concentration, evaporation or drying
- A23C1/12—Concentration by evaporation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Dairy Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides milk powder and a production method thereof. The production method comprises adding all dietary fiber in milk powder material by wet method or by combination of dry method and wet method; wherein the dietary fiber comprises galacto-oligosaccharide and fructo-oligosaccharide. The invention also provides the milk powder produced by the method. The milk powder production method provided by the invention can improve the dietary fiber content in the milk powder and improve the fluidity of the milk powder by adjusting the addition process of the dietary fiber, so that a milk powder product with high nutritional value and good fluidity is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of milk powder processing, in particular to milk powder and a production method thereof.
Background
The infant formula can be declared only when dietary fibers (monomer or mixture content) in the infant formula reach more than 3% as required in the questions and answers (revised edition) of GB 13432-2013' Label for prepackaged special dietary food). At present, in the process of producing milk powder containing dietary fibers such as galacto-oligosaccharide, fructo-oligosaccharide and the like, particularly milk powder with the content of the dietary fibers more than or equal to 3 percent often has the problems of high viscosity of feed liquid and difficult drying, thick milk scale is attached to the inner wall of a drying tower, and semi-finished powder particles easily form hard cores, thus seriously affecting the fluidity and the solubility of products.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a milk powder and a production method thereof, and the method can improve the content of dietary fiber in the milk powder and improve the fluidity of the milk powder by adjusting the addition process of the dietary fiber, so as to obtain a milk powder product with high nutritional value and good fluidity.
The invention provides a milk powder production method, which comprises the steps of adding all dietary fibers in milk powder raw materials in a wet method or in a manner of combining the dry method with the wet method; wherein the dietary fiber comprises galacto-oligosaccharide and fructo-oligosaccharide.
The research of the invention finds that: if the galacto-oligosaccharide and the fructo-oligosaccharide are all added in a dry method, poor uniformity of the milk powder is caused. According to the milk powder production method, the galacto-oligosaccharide and the fructo-oligosaccharide are added in a full wet adding manner or a dry and wet combining manner, so that the product uniformity can be effectively improved. The fluidity of the milk powder product is influenced by the size of particles, the smoothness degree, the viscosity of the feed liquid, the moisture content and other factors, and the invention reduces the viscosity of the feed liquid, improves the concentration of the feed liquid, increases the milk powder particles and further improves the fluidity of the milk powder product by controlling the adding mode of fructo-oligosaccharide and galacto-oligosaccharide. The milk powder production method provided by the invention can also improve the content of galacto-oligosaccharide and fructo-oligosaccharide in the milk powder raw material on the premise of ensuring that the concentration of the feed liquid is moderate and the feed liquid is uniformly mixed, so that the high-quality milk powder with good fluidity and meeting the dietary fiber declaration standard of the question and answer (revision) requirement of GB 13432-2013' Label for prepackaged special dietary food. In addition, as the fluidity of the feed liquid is improved, the method provided by the invention can be used for conveying the milk powder by using gravity in the production process, so that the damage of a mechanical pipeline to the powder is reduced, the damage of particles is avoided, and the solubility and the reconstitution property of the milk powder are improved.
The research of the invention finds that when the dietary fiber is added in a dry-wet combined manner, the improvement of the dry-adding proportion of the dietary fiber is beneficial to further improving the fluidity of the feed liquid and obtaining the milk powder product with good fluidity and uniformity. In some embodiments, the ratio of the wet-added dietary fiber in the total weight of the dietary fiber additive can be controlled to be 50 wt% -100 wt%, and the mass ratio of the dry-added dietary fiber to the wet-added dietary fiber is preferably 1: 1.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the production method may include adding the galactooligosaccharide in a dry method and adding the fructooligosaccharide in a wet method; or the galacto-oligosaccharide is added in a wet process and the fructo-oligosaccharide is added in a dry process; or the galacto-oligosaccharide is added in a wet method and a dry method respectively, and the fructo-oligosaccharide is added in a wet method and a dry method respectively, for example, the galacto-oligosaccharide is added in a dry method and a wet method respectively according to a mass ratio of 1:1, and the fructo-oligosaccharide is added in a dry method and a wet method respectively according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the galacto-oligosaccharide and the fructo-oligosaccharide is generally controlled to be 1: 1.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the production method generally comprises the steps of batching, sterilizing and concentrating, spray drying, fluidized bed secondary drying and dry mixing, wherein the operation of wet addition is generally carried out in the step of batching, and the operation of dry addition is generally carried out in the step of dry mixing.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the spray drying is generally carried out in a spray drying tower and the fluidized bed secondary drying is generally carried out in a static fluidized bed and a dynamic fluidized bed in this order.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the mass concentration of the milk obtained by sterilizing and concentrating can reach 52-54%. Compared with the milk liquid obtained by concentration in the conventional method, the mass concentration of the milk liquid is 48-50%, the method provided by the invention not only can effectively improve the concentration of the milk liquid, but also can ensure moderate viscosity and good fluidity of the milk liquid, and the problems of scaling, nucleation and the like which influence the fluidity and solubility of the product can be avoided.
In the process of making the milk powder, although the microbiological qualification of the product can be guaranteed by the overhigh sterilization temperature, the protein can be greatly damaged in the process, and the reconstitution property of the product is influenced. Compared with the sterilization temperature (92-95 ℃) of the sterilization concentration step in the conventional process, the production method provided by the invention reduces the sterilization temperature to 85-90 ℃ (preferably 88 ℃), can reduce the damage degree of protein and the protein denaturation point on the premise of ensuring the microbial qualification of the product (namely meeting the requirement of the microbial limit in GB10765-2010 and GB 10767-2010), and is beneficial to improving the reconstitution property and solubility of the product.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the milk pre-heating during the spray-drying step may be controlled to be 70-75 ℃, e.g. 75 ℃. Compared with the milk preheating temperature (65-68 ℃) of the conventional process, the production method provided by the invention improves the milk preheating temperature, is beneficial to reducing the viscosity of the milk and improving the mixing property of milk powder, ensures that the production process is smooth and improves the working efficiency of the material pump. In addition, the dietary fiber adding mode (combination of all wet mixing and dry wet method) and the improvement of the preheating temperature of the concentrated milk are adopted in the milk powder production process, so that the viscosity of the feed liquid can be further reduced, and the fluidity of the milk powder can be improved.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the fluidized bed secondary drying is generally carried out in a static fluidized bed and a dynamic fluidized bed in sequence.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the steps of the spray drying and the fluidized-bed secondary drying, the fine powder is totally agglomerated at the top of the tower. In some embodiments, the agglomeration of all of the fines at the top of the column may be achieved by: and fine powder collecting systems are arranged at an air outlet (arranged on the opposite side of an air inlet of the spray drying tower) and an air outlet of the dynamic fluidized bed (arranged on the opposite side of an air inlet of the dynamic fluidized bed), fine powder obtained after spray drying and fluidized bed secondary drying is collected again by the fine powder collecting systems and conveyed to the top of the spray drying tower, so that the fine powder is combined with atomized milk liquid drops formed by spraying in the falling process to form large-particle fog drops, and the large-particle fog drops are dried into milk powder particles under the action of hot air.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the fines collection system may specifically include a cyclone in communication with the spray drying tower exhaust, and a cyclone in communication with the dynamic fluidized bed exhaust. The fine powder collecting and conveying process may be that the fine powder in the spray drying tower and the dynamic fluidized bed enters the cyclone separator via the exhaust outlet, is separated from the wind and then is conveyed to the top of the spray drying tower again. In particular embodiments, the fines collection system is typically in communication with the spray drying tower vent/dynamic fluidized bed vent via a transfer line, and the fines collection system is typically in communication with the top of the spray drying tower via an agglomeration line.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the process of agglomeration of the entire fines at the top of the column may be: in the process of milk powder production, milk powder particles formed by spray drying are composed of large-particle powder with larger particle size and fine powder with smaller particle size, in the processes of spray drying and fluidized bed secondary drying, the large-particle powder can directly go out (the large-particle powder discharged by a spray drying tower sequentially enters a static fluidized bed and a dynamic fluidized bed, and is sieved and discharged after the secondary drying of the fluidized bed), fine powder can enter a fine powder collecting system along an air outlet of the spray drying tower and an air outlet of the dynamic fluidized bed to be recaptured and conveyed to the top of the spray drying tower, and after reaching the top of the tower, the fine powder can fall down and is combined with atomized milk liquid drops formed by spray in the falling process to form large-particle fog drops, and water is evaporated and dried into milk powder particles under the action of hot air, namely, secondary agglomeration occurs. After agglomeration, large-particle powder with larger particle size in the milk powder particles is discharged after secondary drying by the fluidized bed, and fine powder with still smaller particle size in the milk powder particles enters the fine powder collecting system again to be recaptured and conveyed to the top of the spray drying tower; by repeating the above process, the fine powder can be changed into large-particle powder having a large particle size by agglomeration, thereby achieving agglomeration of the entire fine powder at the top of the tower.
Compared with the conventional process that fine powder is partially agglomerated at the top of the tower (namely, the fine powder is combined with wet milk powder particles and dry milk powder particles in a spray drying tower and a dynamic fluidized bed), the production method provided by the invention adopts the way that the fine powder is completely agglomerated at the top of the tower, and the fine powder and milk liquid drops are fully combined and agglomerated at the top of the tower, so that the agglomerated milk powder particles have a 'compact grape-shaped' structure, thereby improving the milk powder mixing performance, in particular improving the problem of milk powder mixing flakes.
In order to increase the solubility of the powdered milk product, the current production methods also spray the phospholipids onto the powdered milk surface in a fluidized bed during the powdered milk preparation process. However, the present invention finds that: if all the phospholipid is sprayed on the surface of the milk powder on the fluidized bed, on one hand, part of the phospholipid is attached to the inner wall of an agglomeration pipeline along with the fine powder to form thick phospholipid dirt, which not only affects the transportation of the fine powder, but also can cause the blockage of the agglomeration pipeline and the operation of a drying tower, thereby not only affecting the normal operation of the spray drying tower, but also causing that the collected phospholipid can not all reach the top of the spray drying tower, the efficiency of conveying the fine powder is low and the conveying amount is small, namely, the phospholipid is added in a spraying mode according to the conventional process, and causing that the collected fine powder can not all reach the top of the drying tower to be agglomerated; on the other hand, the phospholipid on the surface of the milk powder can also seriously affect the taste and smell of the milk powder. In the production method of the present invention, the phospholipid is preferably added in the following manner: in the step of compounding, 50-90 wt% of phospholipid is added by a wet method, more preferably 70-90 wt% of phospholipid is added by the wet method, and even more preferably 90 wt% of phospholipid is added by the wet method, based on the total weight of phospholipid as 100%; in the step of spray drying, 10-50 wt% of phospholipid (i.e., the remaining phospholipid) is added by a spray process, more preferably 10-30 wt% of phospholipid is added by spraying, and still more preferably 10 wt% of phospholipid is added by spraying. Compared with the mode of adding 100 wt% of phospholipid through a spraying process in the conventional process, the phospholipid adding mode provided by the invention can greatly reduce the amount of phospholipid on the surface of fine powder, improve the agglomeration problem of the fine powder in an agglomeration pipeline, prolong the conveying distance of the fine powder, increase the amount of the fine powder conveyed to the top of a drying tower, create favorable conditions for agglomeration of all the fine powder at the top of the tower, further improve the agglomeration degree of particles in the milk powder, increase the dissolving speed of the milk powder and improve the mixing property of the milk powder; meanwhile, partial phospholipid can be added by a wet method, so that the instant solubility of the milk powder product is ensured, the phospholipid content on the surface of the milk powder is reduced, and the technical effect of improving the taste and smell of the milk powder is achieved.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the production process combining the sterilization temperature range, the agglomeration mode that all fine powder is agglomerated at the top of the tower and the phospholipid addition mode can improve the dissolution speed and the solubility of the milk powder simultaneously, improve the reconstitution property of the milk powder as a whole and obtain the large-particle milk powder with a 'compact grape type' structure which has large milk powder particles, fast water absorption, good reconstitution property and tight combination and is not easy to break. The production process and the addition mode of combining the whole wet method and the whole dry method of the dietary fiber can effectively cooperate in the aspect of improving the solubility of the milk powder, and further improve the solubility and the reconstitution property of the milk powder.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the method for producing the above milk powder may include the following processes:
1. preparing materials: preparing raw materials and auxiliary materials, feeding, adding raw material powder, raw oil and nutrients, adding 50-90 wt% (preferably 70-90 wt%, more preferably 90 wt%) of phospholipid based on the total weight of phospholipid by a wet method, adding part (preferably 50-100 wt%, more preferably 50 wt% of dietary fiber based on the total weight of dietary fiber by the wet method, homogenizing milk, and cooling.
2. Sterilization and concentration: preheating the mixed milk, flash evaporating, sterilizing at 85-90 deg.C (preferably 88 deg.C), and concentrating by evaporation to obtain concentrated milk with a mass concentration of 52-54%.
3. Spray drying: preheating the concentrated milk at 70-75 deg.C (preferably 75 deg.C), filtering, delivering to the top of spray drying tower for agglomeration, heat exchanging with hot air, evaporating, drying to obtain large granule powder, sequentially delivering into static fluidized bed and dynamic fluidized bed for secondary drying, introducing part of fine powder into the static fluidized bed and dynamic fluidized bed together with the large granule powder, and collecting the other part of fine powder in the first cyclone separator of fine powder collection system along the air outlet of spray drying tower. The air and fines are separated in a first cyclone, the separated air is discharged and the separated fines are transported by an agglomeration line to the top of the spray drying tower. The fine powder falls from the top of the spray drying tower, and is combined with atomized milk liquid drops to form large-particle atomized liquid drops in the falling process, and the water is evaporated and dried into milk powder particles under the action of hot air, namely the milk powder particles are agglomerated again;
the large-particle powder with larger particle size in the agglomerated milk powder particles sequentially enters a static fluidized bed and a dynamic fluidized bed for secondary drying, the fine powder with smaller particle size in the milk powder particles is recaptured when passing through an air outlet and enters a first cyclone separator of a fine powder collecting system, and is conveyed to the top of a spray drying tower again after cyclone separation, and the agglomeration process is repeatedly carried out; the above trapping, conveying and agglomerating processes are circulated until the fine powder is changed into large-particle powder with large particle size after agglomeration to the extent that the fine powder can not be trapped again through the fine powder collecting system.
4. Secondary drying by a fluidized bed: drying the milk powder particles obtained by spray drying in a static fluidized bed, spraying 10-50 wt% (preferably 10-30 wt%, more preferably 10 wt%) of phospholipid on the surface of the milk powder particles by using a phospholipid spraying device, and performing secondary drying and cooling on the milk powder particles in a dynamic fluidized bed. The fine powder entering the dynamic fluidized bed is recaptured and conveyed to the top of the spray drying tower, and is combined with atomized milk liquid drops in the falling process from the top of the tower, and the water is evaporated and dried into milk powder particles under the action of hot air, namely, the milk powder particles are agglomerated again;
the fine powder with smaller particle size in the agglomerated milk powder particles is usually recaptured in a dynamic fluidized bed; and (3) carrying out secondary drying on large-particle powder with larger particle size in the milk powder particles by a fluidized bed, sieving the powder, discharging the powder to obtain base powder, and circulating the process until the fine powder is changed into large-particle powder with large particle size to reach the degree that the fine powder can not be trapped any more. The fine powder is completely agglomerated at the top of the spray drying tower through the operation of collecting and conveying the fine powder to the top of the spray drying tower through the spray drying tower and the dynamic fluidized bed.
5. Premixing, dry mixing and packaging: adding the rest dietary fiber (preferably 0-50 w%, more preferably 50 wt% of the total weight of the dietary fiber) to the qualified base powder in a dry method, premixing with the dry-mixed small materials, dry-mixing, and packaging to obtain the milk powder product.
The invention also provides the milk powder produced by the production method. The milk powder has good fluidity and high content of galacto-oligosaccharide and fructo-oligosaccharide. In some embodiments, the total mass content of the galacto-oligosaccharide and the fructo-oligosaccharide in the milk powder can be more than 0% and less than or equal to 6%, based on 100% of the total mass of the milk powder. In the primary milk powder, the total mass content of the fructo-oligosaccharide and the galacto-oligosaccharide in the primary milk powder is 3-6% based on 100% of the total weight of the primary milk powder.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the milk powder production method provided by the invention can improve the mobility and uniformity of milk powder while increasing the content of galactooligosaccharide and fructooligosaccharide in the product, and avoids the problems of production progress and product quality influenced by scaling, difficult drying of particles, particle nucleation and the like caused by overhigh viscosity of feed liquid in the production process. Meanwhile, the method can also effectively improve the solubility of the milk powder, and obtain the milk powder product with high dietary fiber content and good brewing effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is the results of the flowability test for the powdered milk products of example 1 and example 5.
Fig. 2 is a flow test result of the powdered milk products of examples 2 to 4 and comparative example 1.
Fig. 3 is the dissolution test results for the powdered milk products of examples 1 and 5.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in order to clearly understand the technical features, objects, and advantages of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the practical scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a production method of milk powder, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1. preparing materials: after the batching temperature and the vacuum degree reach set values, accurately weighed raw material powder, raw material oil, phospholipid accounting for 90 wt% of the total weight of the phospholipid, part of dietary fiber (galacto-oligosaccharide accounting for 50 wt% of the total weight of the galacto-oligosaccharide and fructo-oligosaccharide accounting for 50 wt% of the total weight of the fructo-oligosaccharide) and dissolved nutrients are pumped into a vacuum mixing tank for mixing, and after the mixing is finished, the material liquid is homogenized, cooled and temporarily stored in a temporary storage tank for mixing.
2. Sterilization and concentration: the feed liquid enters a direct-injection sterilizer after being preheated and flashed, and enters a heat-insulating pipe to finish sterilization, wherein the sterilization temperature is 88 ℃; and filtering the sterilized feed liquid, feeding the feed liquid into a falling film evaporator, and performing evaporation concentration to obtain the concentrated milk liquid.
3. Spray drying: the concentrated milk is preheated at 75 ℃, filtered and conveyed to the top of the drying tower at high pressure, meanwhile, the milk exchanges heat with hot air entering the drying tower, the milk is instantaneously evaporated in the falling process, and milk powder particles are formed at the bottom of the drying tower.
4. Secondary drying by a fluidized bed: the powdered milk particles from the drying tower are cooled by secondary drying in a fluidized bed, and phospholipid spraying (spraying phospholipid accounting for 10 wt% of the total weight of phospholipid) is carried out on the surface of the powdered milk during the cooling, so as to obtain the base powder.
5. Premixing, dry mixing and packaging: adding the rest dietary fibers (the galacto-oligosaccharide accounting for 50 wt% of the total weight of the galacto-oligosaccharide and the fructo-oligosaccharide accounting for 50 wt% of the total weight of the fructo-oligosaccharide) into the qualified base powder by a dry method, then premixing the dietary fibers with the dry-mixed small materials, adding the mixture into a dry mixer, feeding the mixture according to the formula proportion, completing dry mixing and packaging to obtain a milk powder product, wherein the mass content of the galacto-oligosaccharide and the fructo-oligosaccharide in the product is 3.7% in total, and the milk powder product reaches the declared standard required by the question and answer (revised edition) of GB 13432-2013' Label for prepackaged special dietary food.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a production method of milk powder, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1. preparing materials: after the batching temperature and the vacuum degree reach set values, accurately weighed raw material powder, raw material oil, phospholipid accounting for 90 wt% of the total weight of the phospholipid, part of dietary fiber (galacto-oligosaccharide accounting for 60 wt% of the total weight of the galacto-oligosaccharide and fructo-oligosaccharide accounting for 60 wt% of the total weight of the fructo-oligosaccharide) and dissolved nutrients are pumped into a vacuum mixing tank for mixing, and after the mixing is finished, the material liquid is homogenized, cooled and temporarily stored in a temporary storage tank for mixing.
2. Sterilization and concentration: the feed liquid enters a direct-injection sterilizer after being preheated and flashed, and enters a heat-insulating pipe to finish sterilization, wherein the sterilization temperature is 88 ℃; and filtering the sterilized feed liquid, feeding the feed liquid into a falling film evaporator, and performing evaporation concentration to obtain the concentrated milk liquid.
3. Spray drying: the concentrated milk is preheated at 75 ℃, filtered and conveyed to the top of the drying tower at high pressure, meanwhile, the milk exchanges heat with hot air entering the drying tower, the milk is instantaneously evaporated in the falling process, and milk powder particles are formed at the bottom of the drying tower.
4. Secondary drying by a fluidized bed: the powdered milk particles from the drying tower are cooled by secondary drying in a fluidized bed, and phospholipid spraying (spraying phospholipid accounting for 10 wt% of the total weight of phospholipid) is carried out on the surface of the powdered milk during the cooling, so as to obtain the base powder.
5. Premixing, dry mixing and packaging: adding the rest dietary fibers (the galacto-oligosaccharide accounting for 40 wt% of the total weight of the galacto-oligosaccharide and the fructo-oligosaccharide accounting for 40 wt% of the total weight of the fructo-oligosaccharide) into the qualified base powder by a dry method, premixing the dietary fibers with the dry-mixed small materials, adding the mixture into a dry mixer, feeding the mixture according to the formula proportion, completing dry mixing and packaging to obtain a milk powder product, wherein the mass content of the galacto-oligosaccharide and the fructo-oligosaccharide in the product is 3.7% in total.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a production method of milk powder, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1. preparing materials: after the batching temperature and the vacuum degree reach set values, accurately weighed raw material powder, raw material oil, phospholipid accounting for 90 wt% of the total weight of the phospholipid, part of dietary fiber (galacto-oligosaccharide accounting for 70 wt% of the total weight of the galacto-oligosaccharide and fructo-oligosaccharide accounting for 70 wt% of the total weight of the fructo-oligosaccharide) and dissolved nutrients are pumped into a vacuum mixing tank for mixing, and after the mixing is finished, the material liquid is homogenized, cooled and temporarily stored in a temporary storage tank for mixing.
2. Sterilization and concentration: the feed liquid enters a direct-injection sterilizer after being preheated and flashed, and enters a heat-insulating pipe to finish sterilization, wherein the sterilization temperature is 88 ℃; and filtering the sterilized feed liquid, feeding the feed liquid into a falling film evaporator, and performing evaporation concentration to obtain concentrated milk.
3. Spray drying: the concentrated milk is preheated at 75 ℃, filtered and conveyed to the top of the drying tower at high pressure, meanwhile, the milk exchanges heat with hot air entering the drying tower, the milk is instantaneously evaporated in the falling process, and milk powder particles are formed at the bottom of the drying tower.
4. Secondary drying by a fluidized bed: the powdered milk particles from the drying tower are cooled by secondary drying in a fluidized bed, and phospholipid spraying (spraying phospholipid accounting for 10 wt% of the total weight of phospholipid) is carried out on the surface of the powdered milk during the cooling, so as to obtain the base powder.
5. Premixing, dry mixing and packaging: adding the rest dietary fiber (the galacto-oligosaccharide accounting for 30 wt% of the total weight of the galacto-oligosaccharide and the fructo-oligosaccharide accounting for 30 wt% of the total weight of the fructo-oligosaccharide) into the qualified base powder by a dry method, then premixing the dietary fiber and the dry-mixed small materials, adding the mixture into a dry mixer, feeding the mixture according to the formula proportion, completing dry mixing and packaging to obtain a milk powder product, wherein the mass content of the galacto-oligosaccharide and the fructo-oligosaccharide in the product is 3.6 percent in total.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a production method of milk powder, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1. preparing materials: when the material mixing temperature and the vacuum degree reach set values, accurately weighing raw material powder, raw oil, phospholipid accounting for 90 wt% of the total weight of the phospholipid, part of dietary fiber (galacto-oligosaccharide accounting for 80 wt% of the total weight of galacto-oligosaccharide and fructo-oligosaccharide accounting for 80 wt% of the total weight of fructo-oligosaccharide) and dissolved nutrients, pumping the raw material powder, the raw material oil, the phospholipid, part of dietary fiber and the dissolved nutrients into a vacuum mixing tank for mixing, homogenizing and cooling the material liquid after the mixing is finished, and temporarily storing the material liquid in a temporary storage tank for mixing.
2. Sterilization and concentration: the feed liquid enters a direct-injection sterilizer after being preheated and flashed, and enters a heat-insulating pipe to finish sterilization, wherein the sterilization temperature is 88 ℃; and filtering the sterilized feed liquid, feeding the feed liquid into a falling film evaporator, and performing evaporation concentration to obtain concentrated milk.
3. And (3) spray drying: the concentrated milk is preheated at 75 ℃, filtered and conveyed to the top of the drying tower at high pressure, meanwhile, the milk exchanges heat with hot air entering the drying tower, the milk is instantaneously evaporated in the falling process, and milk powder particles are formed at the bottom of the drying tower.
4. Secondary drying by a fluidized bed: the powdered milk particles from the drying tower are cooled by secondary drying in a fluidized bed, and phospholipid spraying (spraying phospholipid accounting for 10 wt% of the total weight of phospholipid) is carried out on the surface of the powdered milk during the cooling, so as to obtain the base powder.
5. Premixing, dry mixing and packaging: adding the rest dietary fibers (the galacto-oligosaccharide accounting for 20 wt% of the total weight of the galacto-oligosaccharide and the fructo-oligosaccharide accounting for 20 wt% of the total weight of the galacto-oligosaccharide) into the qualified base powder by a dry method, premixing the dietary fibers with the dry-mixed small materials, adding the mixture into a dry mixer, feeding the materials according to the formula proportion, completing dry mixing and packaging to obtain a milk powder product, wherein the total mass content of the galacto-oligosaccharide and the fructo-oligosaccharide in the milk powder product is 3.7%.
Example 5
This example provides a method for producing powdered milk, which differs from the method of example 1 in that: all dietary fibers (galacto-oligosaccharides and fructo-oligosaccharides) were added by wet process and the other production processes and process parameters were the same as in example 1. The mass content of the galactooligosaccharide and the fructooligosaccharide in the obtained milk powder product is 3.7 percent in total.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a milk powder production process which differs from the process of example 1 in that: all dietary fibers (galacto-oligosaccharides and fructo-oligosaccharides) were added in a dry process, and the other production processes and process parameters were the same as in example 1.
Test example 1
The powder flow function of the products of examples 1-5 and comparative example 1 were tested using a BROOKFIELD fiber-to-the-fly PFT powder flow tester, us, and the results are shown in fig. 1 and 2.
Fig. 1 and 2 are divided into five regions, representing from left to right "no-flow region", "very-bonded region", "easy-flow region", and "free-flow region"; the flow function plots the unrestrained failure strength against consolidation stress. The larger the value of the flow factor (ff), the better the flowability of the powder.
As can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the flowability of the products of examples 1 to 5 is significantly better than that of the product of comparative example 1, and it is proved that the flowability of the product can be effectively improved under the condition of increasing the content of galacto-oligosaccharide and fructo-oligosaccharide by using the milk powder production method provided by the invention.
Test example 2
The particle size of the above product was tested in this test example, and the test results are summarized in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Particle size of mu m | Example 5, b | Example 1,% of |
| 0-45 | 0.9 | 0.1 |
| 45-75 | 0 | 0.2 |
| 75-150 | 9 | 11.7 |
| 150-250 | 30.7 | 35.3 |
| 250-355 | 43.9 | 49.4 |
| 355-425 | 7.2 | 25.3 |
As can be seen from Table 1, most of the particles (more than 99%) in the powdered milk products produced in examples 1 and 5 have a particle size of more than 75 μm, are large particle powders, and have good solubility and reconstitution properties.
Further comparison of example 1 with example 5 shows that the particle size of example 1 is larger than that of the product of example 5 as a whole, and the particle size distribution of example 1 is more uniform than that of example 5. Compared with the mode of adding dietary fiber by the whole wet method in the embodiment 5, the embodiment 1 adopts the dry method and the wet method combined with the mode of adding the dietary fiber, so that the concentration of the concentrated milk can be further improved on the premise of ensuring the moderate viscosity of the feed liquid, and the particles with larger particle size can be obtained, thereby being beneficial to improving the reconstitution property of the product.
Test example 3
This test example tests the solubility of the products of example 1 and example 5. 100ml of warm boiled water at 50 ℃ is measured into a 200ml beaker, 14.2g of milk powder sample is weighed onto parchment paper, the weighed milk powder is poured into the beaker, and after being dissolved for a period of time, the beaker is poured into a flat dish to observe the dissolving effect, and the result is shown in figure 3.
The graph a in fig. 3 is the dissolution effect of the product in example 1, and the graph b in fig. 3 is the dissolution effect of the product in example 5, and it can be seen that both products have good solubility and reconstitution property, which indicates that the milk powder produced by the method provided by the invention has the characteristics of high dietary fiber content, high fluidity and good reconstitution property.
Claims (10)
1. A production method of milk powder comprises adding dietary fiber in milk powder material by wet method or by combination of dry method and wet method; wherein the dietary fiber comprises galacto-oligosaccharide and fructo-oligosaccharide.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the wet-added dietary fiber accounts for 50-100 wt% of the total weight of the dietary fiber;
preferably, the mass ratio of the dry-added dietary fiber to the wet-added dietary fiber is 1: 1.
3. The production method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the production method comprises adding the galactooligosaccharide in a dry method and adding the fructooligosaccharide in a wet method;
or the galacto-oligosaccharide is added in a wet process and the fructo-oligosaccharide is added in a dry process;
or adding the galacto-oligosaccharide in a wet method and a dry method respectively, and adding the fructo-oligosaccharide in a wet method and a dry method respectively;
preferably, the production method comprises adding the galacto-oligosaccharide in a dry method and a wet method according to a mass ratio of 1:1, and adding the fructo-oligosaccharide in a dry method and a wet method according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.
4. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the production method comprises the steps of compounding, sterilizing and concentrating, spray drying, fluidized bed secondary drying, and dry blending, wherein the wet addition is performed in the step of compounding, and the dry addition is performed in the step of dry blending.
5. The production method according to claim 4, wherein the milk obtained by sterilizing and concentrating has a mass concentration of 52-54%.
6. The production method according to claim 4, wherein, in the sterilization concentration step, the sterilization temperature is 85-90 ℃, preferably 88 ℃.
7. The production process according to claim 4, wherein in the step of spray drying, the milk is preheated at a temperature of 70-75 ℃, preferably 75 ℃.
8. The production process according to claim 4, wherein in the steps of the spray drying and the fluidized bed secondary drying, the fine powder is entirely agglomerated at the top of the tower;
preferably, the agglomeration of all the fines at the top of the column is achieved by:
and arranging a fine powder collecting system at an air outlet of the spray drying tower and an air outlet of the dynamic fluidized bed, collecting and conveying fine powder obtained after spray drying and secondary drying of the fluidized bed to the top of the spray drying tower again by the fine powder collecting system, combining the fine powder with atomized milk liquid drops formed by spraying in the falling process to form large-particle fog drops, and drying the large-particle fog drops into milk powder particles under the action of hot air.
9. The production method according to claim 4, wherein the phospholipid is added in a manner that: adding 50-90 wt% of phospholipid by a wet method in the step of proportioning and adding 10-50 wt% of phospholipid by a spraying process in the step of fluidized bed secondary drying, wherein the total weight of the phospholipid is 100%;
preferably, the phospholipid is added in a manner that: taking the total weight of the phospholipid as 100 percent, adding 70-90 percent of the phospholipid by a wet method in the step of batching, and adding 10-30 percent of the phospholipid by a spraying process in the step of fluidized bed secondary drying;
more preferably, the phospholipids are added in a manner that: in the compounding step, 90 wt% of phospholipids was added by a wet method, and in the fluidized bed secondary drying step, 10 wt% of phospholipids was added by a spray process, based on the total weight of phospholipids as 100%.
10. A powdered milk produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 9; preferably, the total mass content of the galacto-oligosaccharide and the fructo-oligosaccharide in the milk powder is more than 0% and less than or equal to 6% based on 100% of the total mass of the milk powder; more preferably, the milk powder is primary milk powder, and the total mass content of the galactooligosaccharide and the fructooligosaccharide in the primary milk powder is 3-6% based on 100% of the total mass of the primary milk powder.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102499290A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-20 | 内蒙古伊利实业集团股份有限公司 | Nutrient milk powder with selenium-enriched lentinus edodes and method for producing nutrient milk powder with selenium-enriched lentinus edodes |
| CN110074190A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-02 | 黑龙江贝特佳营养食品有限公司 | A kind of infant formula goat milk powder produced with degreasing goat milk powder |
| CN110754531A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-07 | 内蒙古伊利实业集团股份有限公司 | Production method and production system for improving milk powder mixing property |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102499290A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-20 | 内蒙古伊利实业集团股份有限公司 | Nutrient milk powder with selenium-enriched lentinus edodes and method for producing nutrient milk powder with selenium-enriched lentinus edodes |
| CN110074190A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-02 | 黑龙江贝特佳营养食品有限公司 | A kind of infant formula goat milk powder produced with degreasing goat milk powder |
| CN110754531A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-07 | 内蒙古伊利实业集团股份有限公司 | Production method and production system for improving milk powder mixing property |
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