CN110754531A - Production method and production system for improving milk powder mixing property - Google Patents
Production method and production system for improving milk powder mixing property Download PDFInfo
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- CN110754531A CN110754531A CN201911086653.5A CN201911086653A CN110754531A CN 110754531 A CN110754531 A CN 110754531A CN 201911086653 A CN201911086653 A CN 201911086653A CN 110754531 A CN110754531 A CN 110754531A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/16—Agglomerating or granulating milk powder; Making instant milk powder; Products obtained thereby
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C1/00—Concentration, evaporation or drying
- A23C1/04—Concentration, evaporation or drying by spraying into a gas stream
- A23C1/05—Concentration, evaporation or drying by spraying into a gas stream combined with agglomeration granulation or coating
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C1/00—Concentration, evaporation or drying
- A23C1/12—Concentration by evaporation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C1/00—Concentration, evaporation or drying
- A23C1/14—Concentration, evaporation or drying combined with other treatment
- A23C1/16—Concentration, evaporation or drying combined with other treatment using additives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C3/00—Preservation of milk or milk preparations
- A23C3/02—Preservation of milk or milk preparations by heating
- A23C3/03—Preservation of milk or milk preparations by heating the materials being loose unpacked
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
- A23C9/1528—Fatty acids; Mono- or diglycerides; Petroleum jelly; Paraffine; Phospholipids; Derivatives thereof
Abstract
The invention provides a production method and a production system for improving the reconstitution property of milk powder. The method comprises the steps of milk liquid batching, sterilization concentration, spray drying and fluidized bed secondary drying, and the milk powder particles with the 'compact grape-type' structure are prepared by controlling the sterilization temperature in the sterilization concentration step and agglomerating the fine powder at the top of the tower in the spray drying and fluidized bed secondary drying steps. The invention also provides a production system for realizing the whole agglomeration of the fine powder at the top of the tower, which comprises a spray drying tower, a static fluidized bed, a dynamic fluidized bed and a fine powder collecting system, wherein the fine powder collecting system comprises a first cyclone separator and a second cyclone separator. The production method provided by the invention can improve the mixing property of the milk powder and improve the quality of the milk powder product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a milk powder production method, in particular to a production method and a production system for improving the mixing property of milk powder.
Background
The reconstitution property of the milk powder is closely related to the microstructure, the particle size and the uniformity of milk powder particles, and the common microstructure of the milk powder comprises an onion type and a compact grape type. Wherein, the milk powder particles with the onion type structure are small and solid, and are slow to dissolve and easy to hang on the wall when being brewed; the 'compact grape type' is the most ideal microstructure of the milk powder, and the milk powder with the structure has large particles, fast water absorption, good reconstitution property and difficult particle breakage.
The milk powder is generally prepared by a spray drying process, while the milk powder directly obtained by spraying has inconsistent particle sizes, and can be divided into fine powder and large-particle powder according to the particle sizes, wherein the fine powder can influence the dissolvability of the product, and the common preparation process can increase the milk powder particles by agglomeration of the fine powder.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of improving the reconstitution property of the milk powder, the invention aims to provide a production method and a production system for improving the reconstitution property of the milk powder, and the method can obtain milk powder particles with a 'compact grape-shaped' structure, thereby improving the reconstitution property of the milk powder and improving the quality of milk powder products.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a production method for improving the mixing property of milk powder, which comprises the steps of milk liquid batching, sterilization and concentration, spray drying and fluidized bed secondary drying, wherein,
in the sterilization and concentration step, the sterilization temperature is 85-90 ℃, preferably 88 ℃,
in the steps of the spray drying and the fluidized-bed secondary drying, the fine powder was entirely agglomerated at the top of the tower.
In the process of making the milk powder, although the microbiological qualification of the product can be guaranteed by the overhigh sterilization temperature, the protein can be greatly damaged in the process, and the reconstitution property of the product is influenced. Compared with the sterilization temperature (92-95 ℃) of the sterilization concentration step in the conventional process, the production method provided by the invention reduces the sterilization temperature, can reduce the damage degree of protein and the protein denaturation point on the premise of ensuring the microbial qualification of the product (namely meeting the requirement of microbial limit in GB10765-2010 and GB 10767-2010), and is beneficial to improving the reconstitution property of the product.
In the above production process, the agglomeration of the whole of the fine powder at the top of the column may be achieved by: the fine powder collecting system arranged at the air outlet of the spray drying tower (arranged at the opposite side of the air inlet of the spray drying tower) and the air outlet of the dynamic fluidized bed (arranged at the opposite side of the air inlet of the dynamic fluidized bed) is utilized to recapture and convey the fine powder obtained after the spray drying and the secondary drying of the fluidized bed to the top of the spray drying tower, so that the fine powder is combined with atomized milk liquid drops formed by spraying in the falling process to form large-particle fog drops, and the large-particle fog drops are dried into milk powder particles under the action of hot air.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the process of agglomeration of the entire fines at the top of the column may be: in the process of milk powder production, milk powder particles formed by spray drying are composed of large-particle powder with larger particle size and fine powder with smaller particle size, in the processes of spray drying and fluidized bed secondary drying, the large-particle powder can directly go out (the large-particle powder discharged by a spray drying tower sequentially enters a static fluidized bed and a dynamic fluidized bed, and is sieved and discharged after the secondary drying of the fluidized bed), fine powder can enter a fine powder collecting system along an air outlet of the spray drying tower and an air outlet of the dynamic fluidized bed to be recaptured and conveyed to the top of the spray drying tower, and after reaching the top of the tower, the fine powder can fall down and is combined with atomized milk liquid drops formed by spray in the falling process to form large-particle fog drops, and water is evaporated and dried into milk powder particles under the action of hot air, namely, secondary agglomeration occurs. After agglomeration, large-particle powder with larger particle size in the milk powder particles is discharged after secondary drying by a fluidized bed, and fine powder with still smaller particle size in the milk powder particles is blown up again by airflow and enters a fine powder collecting system to be captured again and conveyed to the top of a spray drying tower; by repeating the above process, the fine powder can be changed into large-particle powder having a large particle size by agglomeration, thereby achieving agglomeration of the entire fine powder at the top of the tower.
Compared with the conventional process that fine powder is partially agglomerated at the top of the tower (namely, the fine powder is combined with wet milk powder particles and dry milk powder particles in a spray drying tower and a dynamic fluidized bed), the production method provided by the invention adopts the way that the fine powder is completely agglomerated at the top of the tower, and the fine powder and milk liquid drops are fully combined and agglomerated at the top of the tower, so that the agglomerated milk powder particles have a 'compact grape-shaped' structure, thereby improving the milk powder mixing performance, in particular improving the problem of milk powder mixing flakes.
The research of the invention finds that: the angle of the spray gun to the fine powder agglomeration line affects the formation of the milk powder particles, and too large or too small an angle is disadvantageous to the formation of the milk powder. In the spray drying step of the present invention, the distance of the spray gun from the agglomeration line may be controlled to be 35 to 55mm, preferably 55 mm. Compared with the distance (20-25mm) between the spray gun and the agglomeration pipeline in the conventional process, the production method increases the distance between the spray gun and the agglomeration pipeline, can promote the combination of fine powder and milk liquid drops in the agglomeration process, has better agglomeration effect, is favorable for particle forming and obtains 'compact grape-shaped' milk powder particles.
In order to increase the solubility of the powdered milk product, the current production methods also spray the phospholipids onto the powdered milk surface in a fluidized bed during the powdered milk preparation process. However, the present invention finds that: if all the phospholipid is sprayed on the surface of the milk powder on the fluidized bed, on one hand, part of the phospholipid is attached to the inner wall of an agglomeration pipeline along with fine powder to form thick phospholipid scale, which not only influences the transportation of the fine powder, but also can cause the blockage of the agglomeration pipeline and influence the operation of a drying tower; on the other hand, the phospholipid on the surface of the milk powder can also seriously affect the taste and smell of the milk powder. In the production method of the present invention, the phospholipid is preferably added in the following manner: in the step of compounding, 50-90 wt% of phospholipid is added by a wet method, more preferably 70-90 wt% of phospholipid is added by the wet method, and even more preferably 90 wt% of phospholipid is added by the wet method, based on the total weight of phospholipid as 100%; in the step of spray drying, 10-50 wt% of phospholipid (i.e., the remaining phospholipid) is added by a spray process, more preferably 10-30 wt% of phospholipid is added by spraying, and still more preferably 10 wt% of phospholipid is added by spraying. Compared with the mode of adding 100 wt% of phospholipid through a spraying process in the conventional process, the phospholipid adding mode provided by the invention can reduce the adhesion of the phospholipid on the inner wall of an agglomeration pipeline, reduce the influence of phospholipid dirt on the operation of a drying tower, prolong the conveying distance of fine powder and create favorable conditions for agglomeration of the fine powder on the top of the tower; meanwhile, partial phospholipid can be added by a wet method, so that the content of phospholipid on the surface of the milk powder can be reduced while the instant property of the milk powder product is ensured, and the taste and smell of the milk powder are prevented from being influenced.
In some embodiments, the temperature at which the milk is preheated during the spray drying step may be controlled to be 70-75 ℃, e.g. 75 ℃. Compared with the milk preheating temperature (65-68 ℃) of the conventional process, the production method provided by the invention improves the milk preheating temperature, is beneficial to reducing the milk viscosity and improving the mixing property of milk powder, ensures that the production process is smooth and improves the working efficiency of the material pump.
In some embodiments, the production method of the present invention may further comprise the steps of pre-mixing, dry-mixing, and packaging after the fluidized bed secondary drying.
The invention also provides a production system for realizing the agglomeration of all fine powder at the top of the tower, which comprises a spray drying tower, a static fluidized bed, a dynamic fluidized bed and a fine powder collecting system, wherein the fine powder collecting system comprises a first cyclone separator and a second cyclone separator;
the top of the spray drying tower is connected with a fine powder outlet of the first cyclone separator, the middle of the spray drying tower is connected with an inlet of the first cyclone separator, and the bottom of the spray drying tower is connected with an inlet of the static fluidized bed; the outlet of the static fluidized bed is connected with the inlet of the dynamic fluidized bed, and a phospholipid spraying device is arranged between the outlet of the static fluidized bed and the inlet of the dynamic fluidized bed; the middle part of the dynamic fluidized bed is connected with the inlet of the second cyclone separator, and the fine powder outlet of the second cyclone separator is connected with the top of the spray drying tower.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the spray-drying tower is used to agglomerate, evaporate milk, obtain milk powder particles; the static fluidized bed and the dynamic fluidized bed are used for carrying out secondary drying on the agglomerated particles; the fine powder collecting system is used for collecting fine powder and conveying the fine powder to the top of the spray drying tower for reagglomeration, wherein the first cyclone separator is used for collecting fine powder in the spray drying tower, and the second cyclone separator is used for collecting fine powder in the dynamic fluidized bed.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, the top of the spray drying tower is provided with a spray gun, and an air inlet is arranged below the spray gun; the air outlet of the spray drying tower (arranged at the opposite side of the air inlet) is connected with the inlet of the first cyclone separator through a conveying pipeline, the top of the spray drying tower is connected with the fine powder outlet of the first cyclone separator through an agglomeration pipeline, and the bottom of the spray drying tower is connected with the inlet of the static fluidized bed;
the bottom of the static fluidized bed is provided with an air inlet, the outlet of the static fluidized bed is connected with the inlet of the dynamic fluidized bed through a pipeline, and the middle part of the pipeline is provided with a phospholipid spraying device;
the bottom of the dynamic fluidized bed is provided with an air inlet, and an air outlet arranged opposite to the air inlet is provided with a conveying pipeline connected with the inlet of the second cyclone separator;
and a fine powder outlet of the second cyclone separator is connected to the top of the spray drying tower through an agglomeration pipeline, and an air outlet is arranged between the first cyclone separator and the second cyclone separator.
In some embodiments, the production method of the milk powder provided by the invention can be used for production by using the production system, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1. preparing materials: preparing raw materials and auxiliary materials, feeding, adding raw material powder, raw oil and nutrients, adding 50-90 wt% (preferably 70-90 wt%, more preferably 90 wt%) of phospholipid by a wet method, homogenizing milk, and cooling.
2. Sterilization and concentration: preheating the mixed milk, flash evaporating, sterilizing at 85-90 deg.C (preferably 88 deg.C), and concentrating by evaporation to obtain concentrated milk.
3. Spray drying: preheating the concentrated milk at 70-75 deg.C (preferably 75 deg.C), filtering, conveying to the top of spray drying tower for agglomeration, wherein the distance between spray gun at the top of the tower and agglomeration pipeline is 35-55mm (preferably 55mm), heat exchanging the milk with hot air, evaporating, drying to obtain large granule powder, sequentially feeding into static fluidized bed and dynamic fluidized bed from the discharge port of the spray drying tower for secondary drying, feeding part of fine powder into the static fluidized bed and dynamic fluidized bed along with the large granule powder, and feeding the other part of fine powder into the first cyclone separator of the fine powder collection system along the exhaust port of the spray drying tower for collection. The air and fines are separated in a first cyclone, the separated air is discharged and the separated fines are transported by an agglomeration line to the top of the spray drying tower. The fine powder falls from the top of the spray drying tower, and is combined with the atomized milk liquid drops to form large-particle atomized liquid drops in the falling process, and the water is evaporated and dried into milk powder particles under the action of hot air, namely, the milk powder particles are agglomerated again.
The large-particle powder with larger particle size in the agglomerated milk powder particles sequentially enters a static fluidized bed and a dynamic fluidized bed for secondary drying, the fine powder with smaller particle size in the milk powder particles is recaptured when passing through an air outlet and enters a first cyclone separator of a fine powder collecting system, and is conveyed to the top of a spray drying tower again after cyclone separation, and the agglomeration process is repeatedly carried out; the above trapping, conveying and agglomerating processes are circulated until the fine powder is changed into large-particle powder with large particle size after agglomeration to the extent that the fine powder can not be trapped again through the fine powder collecting system.
4. Secondary drying by a fluidized bed: drying the milk powder particles obtained by spray drying in a static fluidized bed, spraying 10-50 wt% (preferably 10-30 wt%, more preferably 10 wt%) of phospholipid on the surfaces of the milk powder particles by using a phospholipid spraying device, and performing secondary drying and cooling on the milk powder particles in a dynamic fluidized bed. The fine powder entering the dynamic fluidized bed enters a second cyclone separator of a fine powder collecting system along an exhaust outlet of the dynamic fluidized bed for collection, the second cyclone separator is used for wind blowing and fine powder separation, the separated wind is exhausted, the separated fine powder is conveyed to the top of a spray drying tower by an agglomeration pipeline, and the fine powder is combined with atomized milk liquid drops in the falling process from the top of the spray drying tower, and the moisture is evaporated and dried into milk powder particles under the action of hot air, namely the milk powder particles are agglomerated again.
Fine powder with smaller particle size in the agglomerated milk powder particles is recaptured and enters a first cyclone separator and a second cyclone separator of a fine powder collecting system when passing through an air outlet; and (3) performing secondary drying on large-particle powder with larger particle size in the milk powder particles through a fluidized bed, screening and discharging the powder to obtain base powder, and circulating the process until the fine powder is changed into large-particle powder with large particle size and reaches the degree that the fine powder can not be trapped any more through a fine powder collecting system. The fine powder is completely agglomerated at the top of the spray drying tower through the operation of collecting and conveying the fine powder to the top of the spray drying tower through the spray drying tower and the dynamic fluidized bed.
5. Premixing, dry mixing and packaging: and pre-mixing the qualified base powder and the dry-mixed small materials, dry-mixing and packaging to obtain the milk powder product.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the milk powder production method provided by the invention can prepare milk powder particles with a 'compact grape-shaped' structure on the basis of not changing the product formula through improving the milk powder production process.
2. The milk powder prepared by the milk powder production method provided by the invention is improved in brewing evaluation on the premise of meeting the requirement of microbial limit in GB10765-2010 and GB10767-2010, the phenomenon of agglomeration of the milk powder during brewing is improved, and the wet sinking time of the milk powder is reduced; the preparation property of the milk powder is improved, and the product quality is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a production system for achieving the agglomeration of all fines at the top of a column.
Fig. 2 is an electron micrograph of the powdered milk particles prepared in comparative example 1 and example 2. Wherein, A picture and C picture are respectively high-power and low-power electron micrographs of the milk powder particles prepared in comparative example 1; and B and D are high-power and low-power electron micrographs of the milk powder particles prepared in example 2 respectively.
Fig. 3 is a photograph showing the reconstitution effect of the milk powder prepared in comparative example 1 and example 2. Wherein, A is a picture of the reconstitution effect of the milk powder prepared in comparative example 1, and B is a picture of the reconstitution effect of the milk powder prepared in example 2.
Reference numerals
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in order to clearly understand the technical features, objects, and advantages of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the practical scope of the present invention.
Example 1
This example provides a production system for achieving total agglomeration of fines at the top of a tower, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: a spray drying tower 1, a static fluidized bed 2, a dynamic fluidized bed 3 and a fine powder collecting system; wherein the fines collection system comprises a first cyclone 5 and a second cyclone 6, the first cyclone 5 being used for capturing fines in the spray drying tower and the second cyclone 6 being used for capturing fines in the dynamic fluidized bed.
The specific structure of the production system provided by this embodiment is: a spray gun 7 is arranged at the top of the spray drying tower 1, and an air inlet is arranged below the spray gun 7; the air outlet on the opposite side of the air inlet of the spray drying tower 1 is connected with the inlet of the first cyclone separator 5 through a first conveying pipeline 8, the top of the spray drying tower 1 is connected with the fine powder outlet of the first cyclone separator 5 through a first agglomeration pipeline 9, and the bottom of the spray drying tower 1 is connected with the inlet of the static fluidized bed 2;
the bottom of the static fluidized bed 2 is provided with an air inlet (the air flow of the air inlet is blown from bottom to top), the outlet of the static fluidized bed 2 is connected with the inlet of the dynamic fluidized bed 4 through a pipeline, and the middle part of the pipeline is provided with a phospholipid spraying device 3;
the bottom of the dynamic fluidized bed 4 is provided with an air inlet (the air flow of the air inlet is blown from bottom to top), and an air outlet on the opposite side of the air inlet is provided with a second conveying pipeline 10 connected with the inlet of the second cyclone separator 6;
the fine powder outlet of the second cyclone is connected to the top of the spray drying tower 1 through a second agglomeration line 11, and an air outlet is arranged between the first cyclone 5 and the second cyclone 6.
In the following comparative examples and examples, the production method of the milk powder was as follows:
preparing materials: after the batching temperature and the vacuum degree reach set values, the raw material powder, the raw material oil, part of phospholipid and dissolved nutrients which are precisely weighed are pumped into a vacuum mixing tank for mixing, and after the mixing is finished, the feed liquid is homogenized and cooled and is temporarily stored in a mixing temporary storage tank.
Sterilization and concentration: the feed liquid enters a direct-injection sterilizer after being preheated and flashed, and enters a heat-insulating pipe to finish sterilization; and filtering the sterilized feed liquid, feeding the feed liquid into a falling film evaporator, and performing evaporation concentration to obtain concentrated milk.
Spray drying: the concentrated milk is preheated, filtered and conveyed to the top of the drying tower at high pressure, meanwhile, the milk exchanges heat with hot air entering the drying tower, the milk is instantaneously evaporated in the falling process, and milk powder particles are formed at the bottom of the drying tower.
Secondary drying by a fluidized bed: and (3) carrying out secondary drying and cooling on the milk powder particles from the drying tower through a fluidized bed, and spraying partial phospholipid on the surface of the milk powder during the secondary drying and cooling to obtain base powder.
Premixing, dry mixing and packaging: and pre-mixing a part of the base powder qualified by inspection with the dry-mixed small materials, adding the pre-mixed small materials into a dry mixer, feeding the materials according to a formula ratio, completing dry mixing, and packaging to obtain the milk powder product.
In the following comparative examples and examples, the reconstitution test method for the milk powder was: 100ml of warm boiled water at 50 ℃ is measured in a 200ml beaker, 14.2g of milk powder sample is weighed on parchment paper, the weighed milk powder is poured into the beaker, a stopwatch is started to time at the same time, the wetting sinking time is recorded after the milk powder is completely sunk, and the milk liquid is poured on a flat dish to observe the situation of the protein denaturation point.
The brewing evaluation indexes of the milk powder comprise two dimensions of wetting and sinking time and protein denaturation point, wherein each dimension is divided into 20 minutes and 40 minutes in total, the brewing qualified score is not less than 24 minutes, and the evaluation standards are detailed in table 1:
TABLE 1
Comparative example 1
The present comparative example provides a conventional method for producing milk powder, which utilizes the above-described method for producing milk powder, the key process parameters of the steps in the production process are as follows:
sterilization and concentration: the sterilization temperature is 94 ℃;
spray drying: the preheating temperature of the milk is 65 ℃, and the distance between the spray gun and the agglomeration pipeline is 20 mm; secondary drying by a fluidized bed: 100 wt% of phospholipid was sprayed on the surface of the milk powder.
In the spray drying and fluidized bed secondary drying steps, the fines fraction is agglomerated at the top of the tower, i.e. the fines after spray drying and fluidized bed secondary drying are agglomerated in combination with the moist or dry milk powder particles in the top, middle or dynamic fluidized bed of the spray drying tower.
The powdered milk prepared in this comparative example was subjected to a reconstitution test, which showed a small amount of protein denaturation points and a wet sinking time of 12 seconds.
The milk powder prepared in the comparative example was subjected to reconstitution analysis and evaluation according to table 1, and the wet sinking time was evaluated to 16 points, the protein denaturation point was evaluated to 8 points, and the total result of the milk powder reconstitution evaluation was 24 points, on the basis of 40 points full score and 24 points qualified.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for improving the reconstitution property of milk powder, which utilizes the production method of milk powder and the production system provided in embodiment 1 to carry out production, and the process parameters of the steps in the production process are as follows:
preparing materials: adding 90 wt% of phospholipid into milk by wet method based on 100 wt% of total weight of phospholipid;
sterilization and concentration: the sterilization temperature is 88 ℃;
spray drying: the preheating temperature of the milk is 75 ℃, and the distance between the spray gun and the agglomeration pipeline is adjusted to be 55 mm;
secondary drying by a fluidized bed: spraying 10 wt% of phospholipid on the surface of the milk powder, wherein the total weight of the phospholipid is 100%;
in the steps of spray drying and fluidized bed secondary drying, all fine powder agglomeration at the top of the tower was achieved by the production system provided in example 1, as follows: in the process of milk powder production, the milk powder particles formed by spray drying are composed of large-particle powder with larger particle size and fine powder with smaller particle size, as shown in fig. 1, in the steps of spray drying and fluidized bed secondary drying, the large-particle powder can be directly discharged (the large-particle powder discharged from the spray drying tower 1 sequentially passes through the static fluidized bed 2 and the phospholipid spraying device 3 and enters the dynamic fluidized bed 4, and is discharged after the secondary drying of the fluidized bed), the fine powder in the spray drying tower 1 enters the first cyclone separator 5 along the air outlet (arranged on the opposite side of the air inlet of the spray drying tower) of the spray drying tower, and the fine powder in the dynamic fluidized bed 4 enters the second cyclone separator 6 along the air outlet (arranged on the opposite side of the air inlet of the dynamic fluidized bed) of the dynamic fluidized. After the fine powder and the wind are separated by the cyclone, the wind is discharged from a wind outlet connected with the first cyclone 5 and the second cyclone 6, the fine powder separated by the first cyclone 5 is conveyed to the top of the spray drying tower 1 through an agglomeration pipeline 9, and the fine powder separated by the second cyclone 6 is conveyed to the top of the spray drying tower 1 through an agglomeration pipeline 11. After reaching the top of the tower, the fines fall down and, in the course of the fall, combine with the atomized milk droplets formed by the spray, evaporate moisture under the action of the hot air and are dried to form milk powder particles, which are agglomerated again. Large-particle powder with larger particle size in the agglomerated milk powder particles can be sieved and discharged from an outlet of the dynamic fluidized bed 4 after being subjected to secondary drying by the fluidized bed, and fine powder with still smaller particle size in the milk powder particles can be blown up again by airflow and enters the first cyclone separator 5 and the second cyclone separator 6 to be recaptured and conveyed to the top of the spray drying tower 1; by repeating the above process, the fine powder can be changed into large-particle powder having a large particle size by agglomeration, thereby achieving agglomeration of the entire fine powder at the top of the tower.
Fig. 2 is an electron micrograph of the powdered milk particles prepared in comparative example 1 and this example. Wherein, A picture and B picture are high power electron microscope photos of the milk powder particles prepared in comparative example 1 and the embodiment respectively; and the images C and D are low-magnification electron micrographs of the milk powder particles prepared in comparative example 1 and the example respectively.
As can be seen from the C-plot in fig. 2, the milk powder prepared in comparative example 1 by the conventional process exhibited a microstructure of "onion type" after agglomeration, in contrast, as can be seen from the D-plot in fig. 2, the milk powder prepared in this example exhibited a microstructure of "compact grape type" after agglomeration.
As can be seen from a diagram in fig. 2, the individual particles of the powdered milk prepared by the conventional process employed in comparative example 1 have rough surfaces and are broken; as can be seen from the B diagram in FIG. 2, the surface of the single particle of the milk powder prepared by the present embodiment is smooth and complete.
Fig. 3 is a photograph showing reconstitution effects of the powdered milk prepared in comparative example 1 and this example. Wherein, a picture is a picture of the reconstitution effect of the milk powder prepared in comparative example 1, and B is a picture of the reconstitution effect of the milk powder prepared in this example. As can be seen from the graph A in FIG. 3, the milk powder prepared by the conventional process has more protein denaturation points during brewing; in contrast, panel B of figure 3 shows the protein-free denaturation point of the milk powder prepared in this example upon reconstitution.
The powdered milk prepared in this example was subjected to a reconstitution test, which showed no protein denaturation point at the time of reconstitution and a wet sinking time of 9 seconds, which was shortened as compared with comparative example 1.
The milk powder prepared in the example was subjected to reconstitution analysis and evaluation according to table 1, and the reconstitution evaluation of the milk powder prepared in the example was improved compared with that of comparative example 1, wherein the reconstitution analysis and evaluation was performed on the milk powder, and the milk powder was rated for 20 points for wet sinking time and 20 points for protein denaturation point, and the total result of the reconstitution evaluation was 40 points, in terms of a full score of 40 points and a pass of 24 points.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for improving the reconstitution property of milk powder, which utilizes the production method of milk powder and the production system provided in embodiment 1 to carry out production, and the process parameters of the steps in the production process are as follows:
preparing materials: adding 80 wt% of phospholipid into milk by wet method based on 100 wt% of total weight of phospholipid;
sterilization and concentration: the sterilization temperature is 90 ℃;
spray drying: the preheating temperature of the milk is 72 ℃, and the distance between the spray gun and the agglomeration pipeline is adjusted to be 40 mm;
secondary drying by a fluidized bed: spraying 20 wt% of phospholipid on the surface of the milk powder, wherein the total weight of the phospholipid is 100%;
in the spray drying and fluidized bed secondary drying steps, the fine powder is totally agglomerated at the top of the tower, and the specific process is the same as that of example 2.
The powdered milk prepared in this example was subjected to a reconstitution test, in which the protein denaturation point was < 10 and the time for wet sinking was 11 seconds, and the time for wet sinking was shortened as compared with comparative example 1.
The milk powder prepared in the example was subjected to reconstitution analysis and evaluation according to table 1, and the reconstitution evaluation of the milk powder prepared in the example was improved compared with that of comparative example 1, wherein the reconstitution analysis and evaluation was carried out on the milk powder prepared in the example, the wet sinking time evaluation score was 16 points, the protein denaturation point evaluation score was 16 points, and the total reconstitution evaluation result was 32 points, in terms of the full score of 40 points and the pass of 24 points.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for improving the reconstitution property of milk powder, which utilizes the production method of milk powder and the production system provided in embodiment 1 to carry out production, and the process parameters of the steps in the production process are as follows:
preparing materials: adding 70 wt% of phospholipid into milk by wet method based on 100 wt% of total weight of phospholipid;
sterilization and concentration: the sterilization temperature is 85 ℃;
spray drying: the preheating temperature of the milk is 70 ℃, and the distance between the spray gun and the agglomeration pipeline is adjusted to be 35 mm;
secondary drying by a fluidized bed: spraying 30 wt% of phospholipid on the surface of the milk powder, wherein the total weight of the phospholipid is 100%;
in the spray drying and fluidized bed secondary drying steps, the fine powder is totally agglomerated at the top of the tower, and the specific process is the same as that of example 2.
The powdered milk prepared in this example was subjected to a reconstitution test, in which the protein denaturation point was 4 at the time of reconstitution and the time for wet sinking was 10 seconds, the time for wet sinking was shortened as compared with comparative example 1.
The milk powder prepared in the example was subjected to reconstitution analysis and evaluation according to table 1, and the reconstitution evaluation of the milk powder prepared in the example was improved compared with that of comparative example 1, wherein the reconstitution analysis and evaluation was carried out on the milk powder prepared in the example, the wet sinking time evaluation score was 20 points, the protein denaturation point evaluation score was 16 points, and the reconstitution evaluation result was 36 points, in terms of a full score of 40 points and a pass score of 24 points.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a method for improving the reconstitution property of milk powder, which utilizes the production method of milk powder and the production system provided in embodiment 1 to carry out production, and the process parameters of the steps in the production process are as follows:
preparing materials: adding 50 wt% of phospholipid into milk by a wet method based on the total weight of the phospholipid as 100%;
sterilization and concentration: the sterilization temperature is 90 ℃;
spray drying: the preheating temperature of the milk is 70 ℃, and the distance between the spray gun and the agglomeration pipeline is adjusted to be 35 mm;
secondary drying by a fluidized bed: spraying 50 wt% of phospholipid on the surface of the milk powder, wherein the total weight of the phospholipid is 100%;
in the spray drying and fluidized bed secondary drying steps, the fine powder is totally agglomerated at the top of the tower, and the specific process is the same as that of example 2.
The powdered milk prepared in this example was subjected to a reconstitution test in which the protein denaturation point was 12, the particles were fine, and the time for wet sinking was 10 seconds, and the time for wet sinking was shortened as compared with comparative example 1.
The milk powder prepared in the example was subjected to reconstitution analysis and evaluation according to table 1, and the reconstitution evaluation of the milk powder prepared in the example was improved compared with that of comparative example 1, wherein the reconstitution analysis and evaluation was carried out on the milk powder prepared in the example, the wet sinking time evaluation score was 20 points, the protein denaturation point evaluation score was 12 points, and the total reconstitution evaluation result was 32 points, in terms of the full score of 40 points and the pass of 24 points.
The results show that the invention obtains the milk powder with a 'compact grape type' structure through the improvement of the process on the basis of not changing the formula of the product, and simultaneously improves the reconstitution property of the milk powder and the product quality.
The above embodiments are provided to explain the main steps and embodiments of the present invention by using specific examples, and only to help understand the method and core principle of the present invention. To those skilled in the art, the various conditions and parameters may be varied as desired in a particular implementation in accordance with the principles of the invention, and in view of the foregoing, the description is not to be taken as limiting the invention.
Claims (12)
1. A production method for improving the reconstitution property of milk powder comprises the steps of milk liquid batching, sterilization and concentration, spray drying and fluidized bed secondary drying, wherein,
in the step of sterilization and concentration, the sterilization temperature is 85-90 ℃;
in the steps of the spray drying and the fluidized-bed secondary drying, the fine powder was entirely agglomerated at the top of the tower.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein, in the sterilizing concentration step, the temperature of the sterilization is 88 ℃.
3. The production process according to claim 1, wherein the agglomeration of the entire fine powder at the top of the column is carried out by:
the fine powder obtained after spray drying and fluidized bed secondary drying is collected and conveyed to the top of the spray drying tower by a fine powder collecting system arranged at an air outlet of the spray drying tower and an air outlet of the dynamic fluidized bed, so that the fine powder is combined with atomized milk liquid drops formed by spraying in the falling process to form large-particle fog drops, and the large-particle fog drops are dried into milk powder particles under the action of hot air.
4. The production process according to claim 1, wherein, in the step of spray-drying, the distance of the spray gun from the agglomeration line is 35 to 55 mm.
5. The production process according to claim 4, wherein, in the step of spray-drying, the distance of the spray gun from the agglomeration line is 55 mm.
6. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the phospholipid is added in a manner that: 50-90 wt% of phospholipid is added by a wet method in the step of compounding, and 10-50 wt% of phospholipid is added by a spraying process in the step of fluidized bed secondary drying, wherein the total weight of the phospholipid is 100%.
7. The production method according to claim 6, wherein the phospholipid is added in a manner that: 70-90 wt% of phospholipid is added by a wet method in the step of compounding, and 10-30 wt% of phospholipid is added by a spraying process in the step of fluidized bed secondary drying, wherein the total weight of the phospholipid is 100%.
8. The production method according to claim 7, wherein the phospholipid is added in such a manner that: in the compounding step, 90 wt% of phospholipids was added by a wet method, and in the fluidized bed secondary drying step, 10 wt% of phospholipids was added by a spray process, based on the total weight of phospholipids as 100%.
9. The production method according to claim 1, wherein, in the step of spray-drying, the temperature at which the milk is preheated is 70-75 ℃.
10. The production method according to claim 9, wherein, in the step of spray-drying, the temperature at which the milk is preheated is 75 ℃.
11. The production process according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the process further comprises the steps of premixing, dry blending and packaging after the fluidized bed secondary drying.
12. A production system for achieving total agglomeration of fines at the top of a tower, the system comprising a spray drying tower, a static fluidized bed, a dynamic fluidized bed, and a fines collection system, wherein the fines collection system comprises a first cyclone and a second cyclone,
the top of the spray drying tower is connected with a fine powder outlet of the first cyclone separator, the middle of the spray drying tower is connected with an inlet of the first cyclone separator, and the bottom of the spray drying tower is connected with an inlet of the static fluidized bed; the outlet of the static fluidized bed is connected with the inlet of the dynamic fluidized bed, and a phospholipid spraying device is arranged between the outlet of the static fluidized bed and the inlet of the dynamic fluidized bed; the middle part of the dynamic fluidized bed is connected with the inlet of the second cyclone separator, and the fine powder outlet of the second cyclone separator is connected with the top of the spray drying tower.
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| CN112335740A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-09 | 山东德正乳业股份有限公司 | Processing system and processing technology of whole milk powder |
| CN114568529A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-03 | 内蒙古伊利实业集团股份有限公司 | Milk powder and its production method |
| CN115669735A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-02-03 | 浙江科技学院 | Preparation method of blocky infant formula milk powder |
| CN115777786A (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-03-14 | 黑龙江飞鹤乳业有限公司 | Milk powder preparation method capable of improving milk powder dissolution state and milk powder |
| CN115812949A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-03-21 | 湖南生命元特医生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-fluidity and easily-soluble special medical food |
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