CN114566687B - Power generation system of solid oxide fuel cell - Google Patents

Power generation system of solid oxide fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114566687B
CN114566687B CN202111608945.8A CN202111608945A CN114566687B CN 114566687 B CN114566687 B CN 114566687B CN 202111608945 A CN202111608945 A CN 202111608945A CN 114566687 B CN114566687 B CN 114566687B
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Prior art keywords
fuel cell
solid oxide
oxide fuel
communicated
hydrogen
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CN114566687A (en
Inventor
孙凯华
郭亚明
于溟
李宗迅
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Xuzhou Huaqing Jingkun Energy Co ltd
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Xuzhou Huaqing Jingkun Energy Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M8/1231Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

Abstract

The invention relates to a power generation system of solid oxide fuel cell, which supplies power to a light source in a photolysis reactor by adopting electric energy generated by the solid oxide fuel cell, and water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen under the action of light energy and a catalyst to provide fuel and oxygen source for the cell to generate power; meanwhile, the electric appliances in the invention all adopt the electric energy generated by the solid oxide fuel cell to supply power, thereby realizing the self-supply of the electric energy and effectively reducing the power generation cost.

Description

Power generation system of solid oxide fuel cell
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cells and power generation, in particular to a power generation system of a solid oxide fuel cell.
Background
The solid oxide fuel cell is a novel power generation device, has high efficiency, no pollution, an all-solid structure, wide adaptability to various fuel gases and the like, and is the basis of wide application. The solid oxide fuel cell operates on the same principle as other fuel cells and in principle corresponds to an "inverse" device for electrolysis of water. The single cell consists of an anode, a cathode and a solid oxide electrolyte, wherein the anode is a place where fuel is oxidized, the cathode is a place where oxidant is reduced, and both the anode and the cathode contain catalysts for accelerating electrochemical reactions of the electrodes. The working is equivalent to direct current power supply, the anode is the negative electrode of the power supply, and the cathode is the positive electrode of the power supply.
The fuel gas is continuously introduced into the anode side of the solid oxide fuel cell, for example: hydrogen (H2), methane (CH 4), city gas, etc., the surface of the anode having a catalytic effect adsorbs the fuel gas and diffuses to the interface of the anode and the electrolyte through the porous structure of the anode. Oxygen or air is continuously introduced into one side of the cathode, oxygen is adsorbed on the surface of the cathode with a porous structure, electrons obtained by O2 are changed into O2-under the catalysis of the cathode, under the action of chemical potential, O2-enters a solid oxygen ion conductor which plays a role of electrolyte, and finally reaches the interface of the solid electrolyte and the anode to react with fuel gas due to diffusion caused by concentration gradient, and the lost electrons return to the cathode through an external circuit.
The most widely used fuel CH4 and H2 at present, wherein the CH4 reserves are abundant, and the fuel can be used for SOFC to realize clean and efficient CV power generation, but because the SOFC has higher operating temperature (800-1000 ℃), the problem of SOFC performance attenuation caused by methane cracking carbon deposition is faced to the direct power generation of CH4 used as the fuel of SOFC, so the CH4 needs to be reformed and then used as the fuel of SOFC to generate power. While the adoption of H2 as fuel can effectively avoid the problems, the prior hydrogen production process is complex and the hydrogen production efficiency is low; therefore, there is a need to provide a new solution to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide a power generation system of a solid oxide fuel cell which can effectively solve the above technical problems.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
a power generation system of solid oxide fuel cell comprises a photolytic water reactor,
A solid oxide fuel cell, an air supply unit, and a heating and heat-preserving unit; the hydrogen outlet of the photolysis water reactor is communicated with the anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell, the oxygen outlet of the photolysis water reactor and the air supply unit are both communicated with the cathode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell, and the solid oxide fuel cell is arranged in the heating and heat preserving unit.
Preferably, the photolytic water reactor takes light as medium and separates water into oxygen and hydrogen under the action of a catalyst.
Preferably, the catalyst is selected from one or more of zinc copper sulfide, molybdenum disulfide and heteropolyacid.
Preferably, the device also comprises a separator, an endothermic reaction generator, a heat exchanger and a heat energy recovery device;
the gas inlet of the separator is communicated with the anode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell so as to separate hydrogen and water vapor in the anode tail gas, the hydrogen outlet of the reactor is communicated with the anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell, and the water vapor outlet of the reactor is communicated with the gas inlet of the endothermic reaction generator;
the gas outlet of the endothermic reaction generator is communicated with the heat exchanger, the gas outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell, the liquid outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the photolysis water reactor, and the heat source outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the heat energy recovery device.
Preferably, a monomer capable of reacting with water vapor to generate hydrogen is placed in the endothermic reaction generator.
Preferably, the monomer is silicon.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. when the invention is used, the electric energy generated by the solid oxide fuel cell is used for supplying power to the light source in the photolysis reactor, water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen under the action of light energy and a catalyst, and fuel and oxygen source are provided for the cell to generate power; meanwhile, the electric appliances in the invention all adopt the electric energy generated by the solid oxide fuel cell to supply power, thereby realizing the self-supply of the electric energy and effectively reducing the power generation cost.
2. According to the invention, the endothermic reaction generator is arranged between the separator and the heat exchanger, and the endothermic reaction generator participates in the endothermic reaction after the water vapor in the anode tail gas of the solid oxide fuel cell is separated, so that on one hand, the temperature of the water vapor is effectively reduced before entering the heat exchanger, the heat exchange temperature difference of the heat exchanger is effectively reduced, the heat loss is reduced, the internal stress of the heat exchanger is reduced, and the service life of the heat exchanger is prolonged; on the other hand, the water vapor reacts with the silicon monomer to obtain hydrogen, so that the hydrogen supply in the system is effectively improved, and the power generation efficiency is improved; and effectively improves the recycling rate of the water vapor.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a power generation system of a solid oxide fuel cell provided by the invention.
Digital description in the drawings:
1. a photolytic reactor; 2. a solid oxide fuel cell; 3. an air supply unit; 4. a heating and heat preserving unit; 5. a hydrogen compressor; 6. an air compressor; 7. a hydrogen preheater; 8. an air heater; 9. a separator; 10. an endothermic reaction generator; 11. a heat exchanger; 12. and a heat energy recovery device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the following description will be made in detail with reference to the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "lateral," "longitudinal," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. When an element is referred to as being "fixed" to another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
A power generation system of a solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a power generation system of a solid oxide fuel cell 2, which includes a photolytic water reactor 1, a solid oxide fuel cell 2, an air supply unit 3, and a heating and heat preservation unit 4.
Specifically, light is used as a medium in the photolysis reactor, water is decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen under the action of a catalyst, and the photolysis reactor is provided with a hydrogen outlet and an oxygen outlet; wherein a hydrogen outlet is communicated with an anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 2 and is used as anode fuel of the cell, an oxygen outlet is communicated with a cathode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 2, and the air supply unit 3 is also communicated with the cathode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 2; the solid oxide fuel cell 2 is placed in the heating and insulating unit 4.
Wherein the catalyst is selected from one or more of zinc copper sulfide, molybdenum disulfide and heteropolyacid.
Further, a hydrogen compressor 5, an air compressor 6, a hydrogen preheater 7, and an air heater 8 are also provided in the present embodiment; the hydrogen outlet of the photolysis reactor is communicated with the hydrogen compressor 5, the hydrogen compressor 5 is communicated with the gas inlet of the hydrogen preheater 7, and the gas outlet of the hydrogen preheater 7 is communicated with the anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 2 for preheating hydrogen, reducing the temperature difference in the solid oxide fuel cell 2 and prolonging the service life of the electrode.
The oxygen outlet of the photolysis reactor and the gas outlet of the air supply unit 3 are both communicated with the air compressor 6, the air compressor 6 is communicated with the gas inlet of the air heater 8, and the gas outlet of the air heater 8 is communicated with the cathode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 2 for heating oxygen and air, reducing the temperature difference in the solid oxide fuel cell 2 and prolonging the service life of the electrode.
When the invention is used, the electric energy generated by the solid oxide fuel cell 2 is used for supplying power to the light source in the photolysis reactor, water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen under the action of light energy and a catalyst, and fuel and oxygen sources are provided for the cell to generate power; meanwhile, the electric appliances in the invention all adopt the electric energy generated by the solid oxide fuel cell 2 to supply power, thereby realizing the self-supply of the electric energy and effectively reducing the power generation cost.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, a separator 9, an endothermic reaction generator 10, a heat exchanger 11, and a heat energy recovery device 12 are also provided.
The gas inlet of the separator 9 is communicated with the anode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 2 to separate hydrogen and water vapor in the anode tail gas, and the separator is provided with a hydrogen outlet and a water vapor outlet, wherein the hydrogen outlet is communicated with the inlet of the hydrogen preheater 7 so that the hydrogen in the anode tail gas of the cell can be recycled, and after entering the hydrogen preheater 7, the heat energy carried by the hydrogen can be utilized by the preheater; and the cathode exhaust gas of the solid oxide fuel cell 2 is conveyed into the air heater 8 for recycling.
The water vapor outlet of the separator 9 is communicated with the gas inlet of the endothermic reaction generator 10 so that water vapor enters the endothermic reaction generator 10 to participate in the reaction; the gas outlet of the endothermic reaction generator 10 is communicated with the heat exchanger 11, the gas outlet of the heat exchanger 11 is communicated with the anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 2, the liquid outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the photolytic reactor 1, and the heat source outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the heat energy recovery device 12.
Specifically, a monomer capable of reacting with water vapor to generate hydrogen is placed in the endothermic reaction generator 10, and the monomer is preferably silicon; the high-temperature water vapor enters the endothermic reaction generator 10 to react with silicon to obtain hydrogen, then the hydrogen and unreacted water vapor enter the heat exchanger 11 to exchange heat, and the hydrogen after heat exchange enters the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell 2 to participate in the reaction through the hydrogen preheater 7; the water generated in the heat exchange process is conveyed into the photolytic reactor 1 for use; the heat energy generated in the heat exchange process is recycled by the heat energy recycling device 12, wherein a part of heat energy is conveyed to the hydrogen preheater 7 and the air heater 8 for use.
According to the invention, the endothermic reaction generator 10 is arranged between the separator 9 and the heat exchanger 11, so that the endothermic reaction generator 10 participates in the endothermic reaction after the water vapor in the anode tail gas of the solid oxide fuel cell 2 is separated, on one hand, the temperature of the water vapor is effectively reduced before entering the heat exchanger 11, the heat exchange temperature difference of the heat exchanger 11 is effectively reduced, the heat loss is reduced, the internal stress of the heat exchanger 11 is reduced, and the service life of the heat exchanger 11 is prolonged; on the other hand, the water vapor reacts with the silicon monomer to obtain hydrogen, so that the hydrogen supply in the system is effectively improved, and the power generation efficiency is improved; and effectively improves the recycling rate of the water vapor.
The working flow of the invention is as follows:
when in use, the water in the photolysis reactor is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen under the action of light energy and a catalyst, and the hydrogen enters the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell 2 through the hydrogen compressor 5 and the hydrogen preheater 7 to provide fuel for the solid oxide fuel cell; the oxygen and the air supplied by the air supply unit 3 enter the cathode of the solid oxide fuel cell 2 through the air compressor 6 and the air heater 8 to provide oxygen sources for the solid oxide fuel cell, the hydrogen and the oxygen react chemically in the cell and generate electric energy, and part of the electric energy generated by the cell is used for supplying power to equipment in the power generation system, and the rest of the electric energy is used for the power system.
The anode tail gas generated in the power generation process of the battery enters a separator 9, and the separator 9 separates hydrogen and water vapor in the anode tail gas, wherein the hydrogen enters an anode of the battery through a hydrogen preheater 7 and is recycled; the steam enters the endothermic reaction generator 10 to perform endothermic reaction; and the cathode tail gas generated in the power generation process of the battery enters the cathode of the battery through the air heater 8 to be recycled.
The hydrogen and unreacted steam generated in the endothermic reaction process enter a heat exchanger 11 for heat exchange, and the water generated in the heat exchange process is conveyed into a photolytic reactor 1 for use; the heat energy generated in the heat exchange process is recovered and redistributed by the heat energy recovery device 12.
Standard parts used in the invention can be purchased from the market, special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description of the specification and the drawings, the specific connection modes of all parts adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets and welding in the prior art, the machinery, the parts and the equipment adopt conventional modes in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts conventional connection modes in the prior art, so that details are not described in detail in the specification, and the invention belongs to the prior art known to the person skilled in the art.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. A power generation system for a solid oxide fuel cell, characterized by: comprises a photolysis water reactor, a solid oxide fuel cell, an air supply unit and a heating and heat preserving unit; the hydrogen outlet of the photolysis water reactor is communicated with the anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell, the oxygen outlet of the photolysis water reactor and the air supply unit are both communicated with the cathode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell, and the solid oxide fuel cell is arranged in the heating and heat preserving unit;
the device also comprises a separator, an endothermic reaction generator, a heat exchanger and a heat energy recovery device; the gas inlet of the separator is communicated with the anode tail gas outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell so as to separate hydrogen and water vapor in the anode tail gas, the hydrogen outlet of the reactor is communicated with the anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell, and the water vapor outlet of the reactor is communicated with the gas inlet of the endothermic reaction generator;
the gas outlet of the endothermic reaction generator is communicated with the heat exchanger, the gas outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell, the liquid outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the photolytic reactor, and the heat source outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the heat energy recovery device;
and a monomer capable of generating hydrogen through reaction with water vapor is placed in the endothermic reaction generator.
2. A power generation system of a solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the photolysis water reactor takes light as medium and separates water into oxygen and hydrogen under the action of a catalyst.
3. A power generation system of a solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: the catalyst is selected from one or a combination of more of zinc copper sulfide, molybdenum disulfide and heteropolyacid.
4. A power generation system of a solid oxide fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the monomer is silicon.
CN202111608945.8A 2021-12-27 2021-12-27 Power generation system of solid oxide fuel cell Active CN114566687B (en)

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CN105960729A (en) * 2014-01-17 2016-09-21 Ht切拉米克斯有限公司 Method and system for producing carbon dioxide and electricity from a gaseous hydrocarbon feed
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CN109326805A (en) * 2018-09-04 2019-02-12 新地能源工程技术有限公司 A kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system and technique
CN109361000A (en) * 2018-09-04 2019-02-19 新地能源工程技术有限公司 Integral coal gasification solid oxide fuel cell-steam turbine combined generating system and technique
CN111063916A (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-04-24 电子科技大学 Fuel cell anode water management system and control method
CN111874863A (en) * 2020-08-07 2020-11-03 华北电力大学(保定) Solar photocatalytic hydrogen production fuel cell power generation system

Family Cites Families (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPWO2011077969A1 (en) * 2009-12-24 2013-05-02 コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 Reaction vessel and fuel cell system using the same

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103403940A (en) * 2011-03-08 2013-11-20 松下电器产业株式会社 Energy system
CN105960729A (en) * 2014-01-17 2016-09-21 Ht切拉米克斯有限公司 Method and system for producing carbon dioxide and electricity from a gaseous hydrocarbon feed
CN108155402A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-06-12 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 The electricity generation system and its electricity-generating method of a kind of solid oxide fuel cell
CN109326805A (en) * 2018-09-04 2019-02-12 新地能源工程技术有限公司 A kind of solid oxide fuel cell power generating system and technique
CN109361000A (en) * 2018-09-04 2019-02-19 新地能源工程技术有限公司 Integral coal gasification solid oxide fuel cell-steam turbine combined generating system and technique
CN111063916A (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-04-24 电子科技大学 Fuel cell anode water management system and control method
CN111874863A (en) * 2020-08-07 2020-11-03 华北电力大学(保定) Solar photocatalytic hydrogen production fuel cell power generation system

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