CN114566684A - Diagnosis early warning device and method for conductivity of hydrogen fuel cell engine system - Google Patents

Diagnosis early warning device and method for conductivity of hydrogen fuel cell engine system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114566684A
CN114566684A CN202210097226.2A CN202210097226A CN114566684A CN 114566684 A CN114566684 A CN 114566684A CN 202210097226 A CN202210097226 A CN 202210097226A CN 114566684 A CN114566684 A CN 114566684A
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conductivity
fuel cell
electrode
hydrogen fuel
data
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熊金峰
李春
杨琨
樊海梅
董德宝
陈涛
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King Long United Automotive Industry Suzhou Co Ltd
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King Long United Automotive Industry Suzhou Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210097226.2A priority Critical patent/CN114566684A/en
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/113399 priority patent/WO2023142450A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04664Failure or abnormal function
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04537Electric variables
    • H01M8/04634Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance
    • H01M8/04656Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04664Failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04686Failure or abnormal function of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

Abstract

The invention discloses a diagnosis and early warning device for the conductivity of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system. Wherein the device comprises: the device comprises a conductivity electrode, a signal collector and a processor; the conductivity electrode is connected with the signal collector through a communication wire and used for collecting conductivity data in real time and sending the conductivity data to the signal collector; the signal collector is in communication connection with the processor and is used for sending the received conductivity data to the processor; and the processor is used for carrying out diagnosis and early warning on the vehicle according to the conductivity data. The invention realizes timely conductivity test by using the conductivity electrode, and realizes the functions of data processing, fault judgment and the like by using the processor, thereby reducing the risk of insulation problem caused by over standard of the conductivity of the tail discharge ions and providing an instant early warning mechanism.

Description

Diagnosis early warning device and method for conductivity of hydrogen fuel cell engine system
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of conductivity detection of a fuel cell engine system, in particular to a diagnosis and early warning device and method for the conductivity of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system.
Background
In a hydrogen fuel cell engine, the hydrogen fuel cell electrochemical oxidation-reduction reaction is the reverse of the water electrolysis reaction and is also the source of power current generation. Because the hydrogen fuel cell is a complex gas, liquid and solid multi-material application scene, corresponding insulation treatment must be carried out aiming at the potential and the current generated in the electrochemical oxidation reduction process of the hydrogen fuel cell, so that the electrical safety in the application process of the hydrogen fuel cell can be ensured. Therefore, the diagnosis and early warning during the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell engine are particularly important.
In the prior art, for example, patent CN201510317124.7, "an online detection system and method for concentration of iron ion in hydrochloric acid concentration" provides an online monitoring system for concentration of iron ion in hydrochloric acid concentration, which can only test the conductivity of online ion, and cannot realize the diagnosis and early warning of hydrogen fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for diagnosing and early warning the conductivity of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system, so as to provide a system insulation fault warning strategy for instant ion conductivity data.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a diagnostic and early warning apparatus for conductivity of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system, including: the device comprises a conductivity electrode, a signal collector and a processor;
The conductivity electrode is connected with the signal collector through a communication wire and used for collecting conductivity data in real time and sending the conductivity data to the signal collector;
the signal collector is in communication connection with the processor and is used for sending the received conductivity data to the processor;
and the processor is used for carrying out diagnosis and early warning on the vehicle according to the conductivity data.
Optionally, the conductivity electrode comprises: the electrode comprises an inner electrode, an outer electrode, an electrode cover, a top cover and a binding post.
Optionally, the device comprises three conductivity electrodes;
wherein, the first conductivity electrode is arranged at the cathode outlet of the pile, and the distance between the first conductivity electrode and the back pressure valve is more than or equal to 100 mm;
the second conductivity electrode is arranged at the position of a water inlet of a heat dissipation system of the hydrogen fuel cell engine, and the distance between the second conductivity electrode and a water outlet temperature sensor of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is more than or equal to 100 mm;
the third conductivity electrode is arranged at the water outlet of the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell engine, the distance between the third conductivity electrode and the water outlet temperature sensor of the cooling system is more than or equal to 100mm, and if the water outlet temperature sensor of the cooling system is not installed, the third conductivity electrode is arranged at the position which is less than or equal to 200mm away from the cooling inlet of the galvanic pile.
Optionally, the processor is configured to perform a diagnostic warning on the vehicle according to the conductivity data, and includes:
if delta32If the temperature is less than or equal to 0, the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is in a normal working state;
wherein, delta3Instantaneous conductivity data, δ, measured for the third conductivity electrode2The instantaneous conductivity data measured for the second conductivity electrode.
Optionally, the processor is configured to perform a diagnostic warning on the vehicle according to the conductivity data, and includes:
if delta32If the value is more than 0, the judgment is made as follows:
1)
Figure BDA0003491339520000021
determining as a false failure;
2)
Figure BDA0003491339520000022
judging that the fault is true, wherein the conductivity rising rate is higher than the adsorption capacity of the deionization tank, and the deionization tank needs to be replaced or redesigned;
3)
Figure BDA0003491339520000023
a true fault is determined, but the deionization tank is flammable and effective, and a tracking test is required to evaluate the deionization efficiency;
wherein, delta3Instantaneous conductivity data, δ, measured for the third conductivity electrode2The instantaneous conductivity data measured for the second conductivity electrode,
Figure BDA0003491339520000024
average ion release rate, i, for hydrogen fuel cell engine cooling system in delta t time0-TMSDesign value for cooling system ion release rate, i0-DIDesigned values for the ion absorption rate of the deionization tank.
Optionally, the processor is configured to perform a diagnostic warning on the vehicle according to the conductivity data, and includes:
If it is
Figure BDA0003491339520000025
The electric conductivity of the hydrogen fuel cell engine stack is normal;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003491339520000026
average ion release rate of hydrogen fuel cell stack in delta t time0-stackDesign values for ion release rate of fuel cell engine system.
Optionally, the processor is configured to perform a diagnostic warning on the vehicle according to the conductivity data, and includes:
if it is
Figure BDA0003491339520000027
The release of the electric conductivity of the electric pile of the hydrogen fuel cell engine exceeds the standard;
Figure BDA0003491339520000028
for hydrogen fuel cell engine stacksAverage ion release rate, i, over time Δ t0-stackDesigned values for the ion release rate of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for diagnosing and warning the conductivity of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system, where the method includes:
acquiring conductivity data in real time through a conductivity electrode and sending the conductivity data to the signal collector;
and receiving the conductivity data sent by the data acquisition unit, and diagnosing and early warning the vehicle according to the conductivity data.
The invention realizes timely conductivity test by using the conductivity electrode, and realizes the functions of data processing, fault judgment and the like by using the processor, thereby reducing the risk of insulation problem caused by over standard of the conductivity of the tail discharge ions and providing an instant early warning mechanism.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conductivity diagnosis and early warning apparatus for a hydrogen fuel cell engine system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell engine provided in the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of them.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conductivity diagnosis and early warning device for a hydrogen fuel cell engine system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The device comprises: conductivity electrode, signal collector, processor, communication wire and communication circuit with vehicle or hydrogen cell engine controller. The processor in this embodiment is a vehicle control unit.
The conductivity electrode is connected with the signal collector through a communication wire and used for collecting conductivity data in real time and sending the conductivity data to the signal collector; the signal collector is in communication connection with the processor and is used for sending the received conductivity data to the processor; and the processor is used for carrying out diagnosis and early warning on the vehicle according to the conductivity data.
Wherein the conductivity electrode comprises: the structure can effectively reduce the contribution of the conductivity electrode to the flow resistance and improve the working efficiency of the cooling system.
In this embodiment, three conductivity electrodes are disposed in the detection circuit, and are disposed at three detection points, respectively.
Specifically, the first conductivity electrode is arranged at the cathode outlet of the galvanic pile, and the distance between the first conductivity electrode and the backpressure valve (far galvanic pile end) is more than or equal to 100 mm;
the second conductivity electrode is arranged at the water inlet of the heat dissipation system of the hydrogen fuel cell engine, and the distance between the second conductivity electrode and a water outlet temperature sensor of the hydrogen fuel cell stack (the far stack end)) is more than or equal to 100 mm;
the third conductivity electrode is arranged at the position of the water outlet of the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell engine, the distance between the third conductivity electrode and a temperature sensor (far pile end) at the water outlet of the cooling system is more than or equal to 100mm, and if the temperature sensor at the water outlet of the cooling system is not installed at the water outlet of the cooling system, the third conductivity electrode is arranged at the position which is less than or equal to 200mm away from a cooling inlet of the pile.
The instant conductivity data measured by the conductivity electrode is collected to a data acquisition instrument with data acquisition, conversion and sending functions through a communication hard wire, and the data information is converted into a message signal and transmitted to a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) through a CAN wire. The data is calculated, compared and logically judged by the VCU, and one or more of the following conclusions can be obtained:
(1) The conductivity is normal;
(2) the conductivity exceeds the standard, and the deionizer works normally;
(3) if the conductivity exceeds the standard, the deionizer works, but the efficiency is reduced;
(4) if the conductivity exceeds the standard, the deionizer needs to be replaced.
After the fault information is obtained, the fault information is fed back to the whole vehicle alarm system and the remote data acquisition system through the whole vehicle controller, and relevant warning reminding is carried out on a driver, an operation mechanism and a whole vehicle factory.
Further, the specific judgment logic of the fault prompt is as follows:
(a) if delta32Less than or equal to 0, the cooling system of the fuel cell engine works normally
(b) If delta32If the value is more than 0, the judgment is made as follows:
1)
Figure BDA0003491339520000041
determining as a false failure;
2)
Figure BDA0003491339520000042
judging that the fault is true, wherein the conductivity rising rate is higher than the adsorption capacity of the deionization tank, and the deionization tank needs to be replaced or redesigned;
3)
Figure BDA0003491339520000043
a true fault is determined but the deionization tank is flammable and effective and a follow-up test is required to assess deionization effectiveness.
(c) If it is
Figure BDA0003491339520000044
The conductivity of the fuel cell engine stack is normal;
(d) if it is
Figure BDA0003491339520000045
The ionic conductivity of the fuel cell engine stack is released to exceed the standard.
Wherein, delta0-the vehicle as a whole design maximum conductivity value (S cm-1); t-time(s); delta1-conductivity data measured on-line at conductivity electrode No. 1 (S cm-1); delta 2Number of instantaneous conductivities measured by-2 conductivity electrodeAccording to (S. cm-1); delta3-conductivity data measured on-line by conductivity electrode No. 3 (S cm-1); i.e. i0-TMS-cooling system ion release rate design (mol/L min); i.e. i0-stack-fuel cell engine system ion release rate design (mol/L min); i.e. i0-DI-design value of ion absorption rate of deionization tank (mol/L @ NLPM);
Figure BDA0003491339520000046
-average ion release rate (mol/L-min) of hydrogen fuel cell engine cooling system over time Δ t;
Figure BDA0003491339520000047
-average ion release rate (mol/L min) of hydrogen fuel cell engine stack over time Δ t; w is aTMS-cooling liquid flow rate (NLPS) in the cooling system; w is aTMS-fuel cell engine stack cathode outlet water flow rate (NLPS);
wherein:
Figure BDA0003491339520000048
Figure BDA0003491339520000051
description of the drawings: the t time interval is recommended to be ≧ 5 s. Note that cases ab and cd may overlap.
The embodiment provides an ion conductivity arrangement design and test scheme for a hydrogen fuel cell engine system (comprising a hydrogen fuel cell stack, a fuel supply system, a cooling system and a tail exhaust system), and the functions of conductivity instant test, data processing, fault judgment and the like can be accurately completed. The risk of insulation problems caused by excessive conductivity of cooling and tail discharge ions is reduced, an instant early warning mechanism is provided, and the safety of the hydrogen fuel cell in the working process is guaranteed.
Example two
The simple structure diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is shown in figure 2 (comprising a cooling system water inlet and outlet temperature sensor and a back pressure valve), conductivity electrodes (No. 1-No. 3) are respectively arranged at a position 100mm away from the back pressure valve (far away from a galvanic pile) of a galvanic pile of the fuel cell engine, a position 100mm away from a temperature sensor (far away from the galvanic pile) of a water inlet of a cooling system of the fuel cell engine, and a position 100mm away from a temperature sensor (far away from a radiator of the cooling system) of a water outlet of the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell engine.
The ion concentration of the cooling system and the electric pile is not higher than 10 mu m s < -1 >, i0-TMS=i0-stack=10μm·s-1,i0-DI=3μm·s-1。
According to instant detection data, the fact that the number 1 conductivity electrode data alarm exceeds the upper limit of the design value at a certain moment is found, calculation is carried out on the data 5s before the alarm value appears, and if the ion conductivity average value does not exceed the upper limit of the design value, the conductivity exceeding alarm is ignored.
EXAMPLE III
The simple structure diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is shown in figure 2, conductivity electrodes (No. 1-No. 3) are respectively arranged at a position 100mm away from a fuel cell engine stack back pressure valve (far away from the stack), a position 100mm away from a temperature sensor (far away from the stack) at a water inlet of a cooling system of the fuel cell engine, and a position 100mm away from a temperature sensor (far away from a cooling system radiator) at a water outlet of the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell engine.
The ion concentration of the cooling system and the electric pile is not higher than 10 mu m s < -1 >, i0-TMS=i0-stack=10μm·s-1,i0-DI=3μm·s-1。
According to the instant detection data, the conductivity electrode data No. 1 is found to alarm to exceed the upper limit of the design value at a certain moment, and the conductivity electrode data No. 2 and 3 also exceed the upper limit of the design value at the same time. And calculating the data 10s before the alarm value appears, and finding that the average value of the ion conductivity of No. 1 does not exceed the upper limit of the design value, and the average values of the increment of No. 2 and No. 3 in the data 10s are larger than the increment of the ion conductivity caused by subtracting the ion adsorption amount of the deionization tank from the ion release of the cooling system. Then it can be concluded that: when the ion release rate of the cooling system exceeds a design value, the adsorption efficiency of the ion tank needs to be confirmed, and alarm prompt for exceeding the ion concentration is carried out.
It is to be noted that the foregoing description is only exemplary of the invention and that the principles of the technology may be employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A diagnostic and pre-warning apparatus for conductivity of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system, comprising: the device comprises a conductivity electrode, a signal collector and a processor;
the conductivity electrode is connected with the signal collector through a communication wire and used for collecting conductivity data in real time and sending the conductivity data to the signal collector;
the signal collector is in communication connection with the processor and is used for sending the received conductivity data to the processor;
and the processor is used for carrying out diagnosis and early warning on the vehicle according to the conductivity data.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the conductivity electrode comprises: the electrode comprises an inner electrode, an outer electrode, an electrode cover, a top cover and a binding post.
3. The device of claim 1, comprising three conductivity electrodes;
wherein, the first conductivity electrode is arranged at the cathode outlet of the galvanic pile, and the distance between the first conductivity electrode and the backpressure valve is more than or equal to 100 mm;
the second conductivity electrode is arranged at the position of a water inlet of a heat dissipation system of the hydrogen fuel cell engine, and the distance between the second conductivity electrode and a water outlet temperature sensor of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is more than or equal to 100 mm;
the third conductivity electrode is arranged at the position of the water outlet of the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell engine, the distance between the third conductivity electrode and the temperature sensor at the water outlet of the cooling system is more than or equal to 100mm, and if the temperature sensor at the water outlet of the cooling system is not installed at the water outlet of the cooling system, the third conductivity electrode is arranged at the position which is less than or equal to 200mm away from the cooling inlet of the galvanic pile.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to perform a diagnostic warning for a vehicle based on the conductivity data, comprising:
if delta32If the temperature is less than or equal to 0, the cooling system of the hydrogen fuel cell engine is in a normal working state;
wherein, delta3Instantaneous conductivity data, delta, measured for the third conductivity electrode2The instantaneous conductivity data measured for the second conductivity electrode.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to perform a diagnostic warning for a vehicle based on the conductivity data, comprising:
if delta32If the value is more than 0, the judgment is made as follows:
1)
Figure FDA0003491339510000011
determining as a false failure;
2)
Figure FDA0003491339510000012
judging that the fault is true, wherein the conductivity rising rate is higher than the adsorption capacity of the deionization tank, and the deionization tank needs to be replaced or redesigned;
3)
Figure FDA0003491339510000013
a true fault is determined, but the deionization tank is flammable and effective, and a tracking test is required to evaluate the deionization efficiency;
wherein, delta3Instantaneous conductivity data, δ, measured for the third conductivity electrode2The instantaneous conductivity data measured for the second conductivity electrode,
Figure FDA0003491339510000014
average ion release rate, i, for hydrogen fuel cell engine cooling system in delta t time0-TMSDesign value for cooling system ion release rate, i 0-DIDesigned values for the ion absorption rate of the deionization tank.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to perform a diagnostic warning for a vehicle based on the conductivity data, comprising:
if it is
Figure FDA0003491339510000021
The electric conductivity of the hydrogen fuel cell engine stack is normal;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003491339510000022
average ion release rate of hydrogen fuel cell stack in delta t time0-stackDesigned values for the ion release rate of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to perform a diagnostic warning for a vehicle based on the conductivity data, comprising:
if it is
Figure FDA0003491339510000023
The release of the electric conductivity of the electric pile of the hydrogen fuel cell engine exceeds the standard;
Figure FDA0003491339510000024
average ion release rate of hydrogen fuel cell stack in delta t time0-stackDesigned values for the ion release rate of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system.
8. A diagnostic early warning method for conductivity of a hydrogen fuel cell engine system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring conductivity data in real time through a conductivity electrode and sending the conductivity data to a signal acquisition unit;
and receiving the conductivity data sent by the data acquisition unit, and diagnosing and early warning the vehicle according to the conductivity data.
CN202210097226.2A 2022-01-27 2022-01-27 Diagnosis early warning device and method for conductivity of hydrogen fuel cell engine system Pending CN114566684A (en)

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CN114970218A (en) * 2022-08-01 2022-08-30 北京英博新能源有限公司 Deionizer life evaluation method and device and electronic equipment
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