CN114563137B - Device and method for testing waterproof performance of double-channel sealing gasket of shield tunnel joint - Google Patents
Device and method for testing waterproof performance of double-channel sealing gasket of shield tunnel joint Download PDFInfo
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- CN114563137B CN114563137B CN202210456945.9A CN202210456945A CN114563137B CN 114563137 B CN114563137 B CN 114563137B CN 202210456945 A CN202210456945 A CN 202210456945A CN 114563137 B CN114563137 B CN 114563137B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnels and underground engineering, in particular to a device and a method for testing the waterproof performance of a double-channel sealing gasket of a seam of a shield tunnel. The invention realizes that the compression is carried out firstly, and then the dislocation occurs under the disturbance, which is closer to the actual working condition, and the test result is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnels and underground engineering, in particular to a device for testing the waterproof performance of a double-channel sealing gasket of a shield tunnel joint. In addition, the invention also relates to a testing method of the device for testing the waterproof performance of the sealing gasket.
Background
With the rapid development of the urbanization process in China, the construction demand of tunnels such as subways and river channels is extremely large, and the shield tunnel has an important position as a main tunnel form. The waterproof problem of underground engineering is always concerned by most technicians, and for shield tunnels, the waterproof performance is very important due to the fact that the shield tunnels are soaked and corroded by underground water for a long time. The water prevention of the shield tunnel is related to the normal performance of the using function of the tunnel and the service life of the tunnel. The shield tunnel water proofing comprises segment self-waterproofing, seam waterproofing and hand hole waterproofing. The segment lining building blocks are manufactured in a prefabrication factory, the manufacturing quality is guaranteed, the impermeability is good, and the segment lining building blocks are most mature; the waterproof of the joints is weakest and most important, so the waterproof of the shield tunnel is mainly the waterproof of the joints between the pipe piece blocks and between the rings. Due to the differences of tunnel engineering geological conditions and tunnel structures and different waterproof design conditions, a large number of simulation tests are often required to select appropriate joint waterproof materials and section types. At present, most projects adopt ethylene propylene diene monomer porous rubber sealing gaskets made of single materials (good chemical stability, aging resistance and excellent water resistance), and also adopt composite sealing gaskets composed of ethylene propylene diene monomer porous rubber and water-swelling rubber. The sealing principle is that under certain pressure, the internal stress generated by deformation of the inner hole of the sealing rubber strip enables the sealing rubber strip to generate huge stress on two contact surfaces so as to seal water.
In the test process of the existing waterproof performance test device for the joint double-channel sealing gasket, the staggering amount is preset, namely, the stress state of the sealing gasket is firstly staggered and then compressed. However, in an actual engineering environment, the joint may deform in the flare angle, and under the deformation, a certain difference exists in the flare amount of the sealing gasket arranged in two ways, and the difference cannot be reflected by the existing test. Meanwhile, the actual service environment of the sealing gasket is that the sealing gasket is compressed firstly and then staggered under disturbance, and the sealing gasket is in a stress state under the combined action of the compression force and the friction force between the rubber under the combined action of the compression force and the shearing force in the process, namely the process is inconsistent with the process of presetting the staggered amount and then setting the opening amount in the conventional device. All the above test errors will result in the inaccuracy of the waterproof performance of the gasket obtained by the test.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect that the opening amount is not consistent with the actual condition after the staggering amount is preset during the test of the conventional test device, so that the device for testing the waterproof performance of the double-channel sealing gasket of the shield tunnel joint is provided.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a testing method of the testing apparatus.
A device for testing the waterproof performance of a double-channel sealing gasket of a seam of a shield tunnel comprises a combined cover plate, a displacement loading frame for placing the combined cover plate and a water pressure loading system which can extend to a closed space formed by the sealing gasket and the combined cover plate;
the combined cover plate comprises an upper cover plate used for applying positive pressure to a sealing gasket working surface, and a first lower cover plate and a second lower cover plate which are positioned below the upper cover plate, wherein the second lower cover plate is provided with a second lower cover plate groove used for accommodating the first lower cover plate, the bottom of the upper cover plate is sequentially provided with an annular inner channel groove of the upper cover plate and an annular outer channel groove of the upper cover plate from inside to outside, the inner channel groove of the upper cover plate and the outer channel groove of the upper cover plate are respectively corresponding to the first lower cover plate groove arranged on the first lower cover plate and the second lower cover plate groove arranged on the second lower cover plate, annular sealing gaskets are respectively arranged between the inner channel groove of the upper cover plate and the first lower cover plate groove as well as between the outer channel groove of the upper cover plate and the second lower cover plate groove, and the upper cover plate and the second lower cover plate are connected through cover plate connecting bolts;
the displacement loading frame is used for applying lateral shearing force to the sealing gasket working surface and comprises a U-shaped frame and a top flat plate which is detachably embedded into the top of the U-shaped frame, a movable sliding rail used for placing the combined cover plate is arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped frame, a horizontal jack is arranged on the side face of the U-shaped frame, the top of the jack extends into the U-shaped frame, and points to a lower cover plate II (3) in the U-shaped frame, so that the lower cover plate II (3) can move horizontally relative to the upper cover plate (1).
As a preferable aspect of the testing apparatus of the present invention, the hydraulic loading system includes a hydraulic pump, and a measurement loading passage penetrating through the upper cover plate and connected to the hydraulic pump, and the measurement loading passage is provided within the annular gasket between the groove of the upper cover plate inner passage and the groove of the lower cover plate-and-groove, and between adjacent annular gaskets.
As one preferable preference of the testing device in the invention, the side length of the groove of the second lower cover plate is the same as that of the first lower cover plate, and the depth of the groove of the second lower cover plate is greater than the thickness of the first lower cover plate; and a gasket is arranged between the bottom of the groove of the lower cover plate II and the bottom of the lower cover plate I and is used for adjusting the height difference of the working surfaces of the lower cover plate I and the lower cover plate II.
As a preferable preference of the testing device of the present invention, the thickness of the gasket comprises 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm and 10mm, and the gasket is a cube cast iron gasket.
As a preferred preference of the testing device in the invention, the measurement loading channel comprises an external water cavity water pressure gauge connection hole, an external water cavity water inlet hole and an external water cavity exhaust hole which are arranged between an upper cover plate internal channel groove and an upper cover plate external channel groove, and an internal water cavity water pressure gauge connection hole, an internal water cavity water inlet hole and an internal water cavity exhaust hole which are arranged on the inner side of the upper cover plate internal channel groove.
Preferably, the external water chamber pressure gauge connection hole and the internal water chamber pressure gauge connection hole are further provided with an external water chamber pressure gauge and an internal water chamber pressure gauge which are inserted into the combined cover plate along the connection holes.
As a preferred example of the testing device in the present invention, the outer side of the outer groove of the upper cover plate is provided with upper cover plate strip-shaped bolt holes uniformly spaced along the edge of the upper cover plate, the outer side of the second groove of the lower cover plate is provided with lower cover plate strip-shaped bolt holes uniformly spaced along the edge of the lower cover plate, the top flat plate is provided with top flat plate strip-shaped bolt holes uniformly spaced along the edge of the top flat plate, and after the device is assembled, the positions of the upper cover plate strip-shaped bolt holes, the positions of the lower cover plate strip-shaped bolt holes, and the positions of the top flat plate strip-shaped bolt holes correspond to each other.
As one preferable preference of the testing device, a circle of top flat plate round bolt holes which are uniformly distributed at intervals are arranged between the top flat plate strip-shaped bolt holes and the edge of the top flat plate, and after the top flat plate is embedded into the top of the U-shaped frame, the positions of the top flat plate round bolt holes correspond to the positions of the U-shaped frame round bolt holes formed in the bottom of the U-shaped frame.
The invention also provides a test method of the device for testing the waterproof performance of the double-channel sealing gasket of the shield tunnel joint, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adhering the inner seal pad and the outer seal pad to the upper cover plate inner groove, the upper cover plate outer groove, the lower cover plate I groove and the lower cover plate II groove;
s2, placing the gasket with corresponding thickness in the groove of the lower cover plate II, embedding the lower cover plate I into the groove of the lower cover plate II to ensure that the opening difference exists between the working surfaces of the inner sealing gasket and the outer sealing gasket, and hoisting the upper cover plate to the top surface of the lower cover plate II and aligning the two;
s3, passing the cover plate connecting bolt through the upper cover plate strip bolt hole and the lower cover plate strip bolt hole, and screwing the cover plate connecting bolt;
s4, hoisting the combined cover plate on the slide rail on the bottom surface of the U-shaped frame;
s5, embedding the top flat plate of the outer frame into the top of the U-shaped frame, penetrating the frame connecting bolt through the circular bolt hole of the top flat plate and the circular bolt hole of the U-shaped frame, and screwing the frame connecting bolt until the gap between the cover plates reaches a set expansion amount;
s6, detaching the cover plate connecting bolt, starting the jack, making the jack push the lower cover plate II from the side surface at the set speed, making the working surface of the upper and lower cover plates dislocate to the set dislocation amount;
s7, passing the cover plate connecting bolt through the upper cover plate strip bolt hole and the lower cover plate strip bolt hole again, screwing the cover plate connecting bolt, dismantling the frame connecting bolt, and taking down the top flat plate;
s8, respectively connecting the internal water cavity water pressure gauge and the external water cavity water pressure gauge with the internal water cavity water pressure gauge connection hole and the external water cavity water pressure gauge connection hole, opening the valves of the internal water cavity water inlet hole and the external water cavity water inlet hole, injecting water, discharging air through the internal water cavity exhaust hole and the external water cavity exhaust hole, closing the valves of the internal water cavity exhaust hole and the external water cavity water inlet hole, and starting water pressure loading;
s9, when water flows out from the air vent of the external water cavity, the water-proof failure of the inner channel sealing gasket is indicated, and the indication number of the water pressure gauge of the internal water cavity is recorded;
s10, closing the valve of the vent hole of the external water cavity, continuing to load water pressure to the external sealing gasket for water-proof failure, and recording the data change of the water pressure meter of the external water cavity;
and S11, after the test is finished, replacing the test piece, repeating S1-S10, and measuring the waterproof limit water pressure when the double-channel sealing gasket fails in the waterproof state under the condition that the multiple groups of longitudinal joint staggered platforms and the expansion deformation are performed.
As a preferable test method in the present invention, in S1, it is necessary to wait 24 hours after the application to make the adhesive effective;
at S8, the air is completely discharged to fill the sealed space with water.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate I and the lower cover plate II are combined to obtain the inner and outer sealing gaskets which are compressed asynchronously, so that an inner and outer closed space is formed, and the leakage simulation of the inner and outer sealing gaskets of the joint double-sealing gasket at different opening amounts is realized; by setting different opening difference values of the inner sealing gasket and the outer sealing gasket, the waterproof performance test of the double-channel elastic sealing gasket under different corner deformation at the longitudinal joint of the duct piece joint is realized, and a test basis is provided for the waterproof performance evolution rule of the joint double-channel sealing gasket;
2. the invention realizes the dynamic slab staggering process from the alignment state to the gradual slab staggering generation between the sealing gaskets by pushing the cover plate through the jack. In the staggering process, the sealing gasket is not only under the action of compressive stress, but also under the influence of the friction force caused by the mutual staggering of the rubbers. The process is similar to the process when the tunnel longitudinally deforms integrally under the action of external load, and the inter-ring joint is opened and dislocated. The waterproof performance test is carried out on the double-channel sealing gasket which is in a compressed state and then generates displacement dislocation, so that the waterproof performance test data of the sealing gasket is closer to the waterproof performance of the actual annular seam sealing gasket in service, and a more accurate and reliable test result is obtained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the upper deck of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the lower cover plate of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a second lower cover plate of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembled cover plate of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top plan view of the outer frame top plate of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the U-shaped frame of the outer frame of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1. an upper cover plate; 2. a first lower cover plate; 3. a second lower cover plate; 4. an outer groove of the upper cover plate; 5. an upper cover plate inner channel groove; 6. an upper cover plate strip bolt hole; 7. the water pressure gauge of the inner water cavity is connected with the hole; 8. a water inlet of the internal water cavity; 9. an internal water cavity vent; 10. the water pressure gauge of the external water chamber is connected with the hole; 11. an external water cavity water inlet; 12. an external water cavity vent; 13. a groove is formed on the lower cover plate; 14. a second groove of the lower cover plate; 15. two strip bolt holes of the lower cover plate; 16. a second groove of the lower cover plate; 17. a top plate; 18. a top plate strip bolt hole; 19. a top flat plate circular bolt hole; 20. a U-shaped frame; 21. a U-shaped frame round bolt hole; 22. a jack; 23. a slide rail; 24. a frame connecting bolt; 25. a cover plate connecting bolt; 26. an internal water chamber water pressure gauge; 27. an external water chamber water pressure gauge; 28. a gasket; 29. an inner passage sealing gasket; 30. an outer seal.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a device for testing the waterproof performance of a double-channel sealing gasket of a seam of a shield tunnel, which comprises a combined cover plate, a displacement loading frame for placing the combined cover plate and a water pressure loading system capable of extending to a closed space formed by the sealing gasket and the combined cover plate, wherein the displacement loading frame is used for placing the combined cover plate;
the combined cover plate comprises an upper cover plate 1 for applying positive pressure to a sealing gasket working surface, and a first lower cover plate 2 and a second lower cover plate 3 which are positioned below the upper cover plate 1, wherein the second lower cover plate 3 is provided with a second lower cover plate groove 16 for accommodating the first lower cover plate 2, the bottom of the upper cover plate 1 is sequentially provided with an annular upper cover plate inner channel groove 5 and an annular upper cover plate outer channel groove 4 from inside to outside, the upper cover plate inner channel groove 5 and the upper cover plate outer channel groove 4 are respectively corresponding to a first lower cover plate groove 13 of the first lower cover plate 2 and a second lower cover plate groove 14 of the second lower cover plate 3, annular sealing gaskets are respectively arranged between the upper cover plate inner channel groove 5 and the first lower cover plate groove 13, and between the upper cover plate outer channel groove 4 and the second lower cover plate groove 14, and the upper cover plate 1 and the second lower cover plate 3 are connected through a cover plate connecting bolt 25;
the displacement loading frame is used for applying lateral shearing force to the sealing gasket working surface and comprises a U-shaped frame 20 and a top flat plate 17 which is detachably embedded into the top of the U-shaped frame 20, a movable sliding rail 23 used for placing the combined cover plate is arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped frame 20, a horizontal jack 22 is arranged on the side surface of the U-shaped frame 20, the head of the jack 22 extends into the U-shaped frame 20 and points to the lower cover plate two 3 in the U-shaped frame 20, so that the lower cover plate two 3 can translate relative to the upper cover plate 1;
in this embodiment, the hydraulic loading system includes a hydraulic pump, and a metering loading passage passing through the upper cover plate 1 and connected to the hydraulic pump, the metering loading passage being provided inside the annular packing between the upper cover plate inner channel groove 5 and the lower cover plate-groove 13, and between the adjacent annular packing.
By adopting the structure, the leakage simulation of the joint double-sealing gasket when the inner sealing gasket and the outer sealing gasket are opened at different amounts is realized by the combined cover plate; through setting for the different amount of opening difference values of inside and outside twice sealed pad, realized the waterproof performance test of two pass elastic sealing pad under the different corner deformation of section of jurisdiction seam longitudinal joint department, sealed waterproof performance evolution law of pad provides experimental basis for the seam two pass.
The process of the jack 22 pushing the cover plate is similar to the process of the inter-ring joint opening and dislocation when the tunnel longitudinally deforms under the action of external load in actual working conditions. The waterproof performance test is carried out on the double-channel sealing gasket which is in a compressed state and then generates displacement dislocation, so that the waterproof performance test data of the sealing gasket is closer to the waterproof performance of the actual annular seam sealing gasket in service.
In this embodiment, the side length of the second lower cover plate groove 16 is the same as the side length of the first lower cover plate 2, and the depth thereof is greater than the thickness of the first lower cover plate 2; and a gasket 28 is arranged between the bottom of the groove 16 of the lower cover plate I and the bottom of the lower cover plate I2 and is used for adjusting the heights of the working surfaces of the lower cover plate I2 and the lower cover plate II 3 to enable the working surfaces to have tension difference or not.
Adopt above-mentioned structure, place apron one 2 down on gasket 28 to the difference in height of apron one 2 working face and apron two 3 working faces down under the change reaches the sealed purpose of the sealed pad 29 of interior way and the sealed pad 30 difference in opening of outer way, when satisfying sealed the condition that has the tensor difference in height, the gasket 28 adds the degree of height of apron one 2 and is greater than or less than the degree of depth of apron two recesses 16 down, when satisfying sealed the condition that does not have the tensor difference in height, the gasket 28 adds the degree of height of apron one 2 and equals the degree of depth of apron two recesses 16 down.
In the present embodiment, the thickness of the gasket 28 includes 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm and 10mm, and the gasket 28 is a cubic cast iron gasket.
By adopting the structure, the gasket 28 has the square cast iron gaskets with various thicknesses to be selected, so that the tester can quickly adjust the thickness of the gasket 28 according to different requirements.
In this embodiment, the measurement loading channel includes the outside water chamber water pressure gauge that sets up between the upper cover plate inner channel slot 5 and the upper cover plate outer channel slot 4 connects hole 10, outside water chamber inlet opening 11 and outside water chamber exhaust hole 12, sets up at the inside water chamber water pressure gauge that the upper cover plate inner channel slot 5 is inboard and connects hole 7, inside water chamber inlet opening 8 and inside water chamber exhaust hole 9.
By adopting the structure, the water inlet hole 8 of the internal water cavity and the water inlet hole 11 of the external water cavity are used for injecting water into the combined cover plate during the experiment; the inner water cavity vent hole 9 and the outer water cavity vent hole 12 are used for discharging air in the process of water injection inside the combined cover plate, and it is guaranteed that no gap exists when the inside of the combined cover plate is filled with water.
In this embodiment, the external water chamber pressure gauge attaching hole 10 and the internal water chamber pressure gauge attaching hole 7 are further provided with an external water chamber pressure gauge 27 and an internal water chamber pressure gauge 26 inserted inside the composite cover plate along the attaching holes.
With the above structure, the internal water chamber pressure gauge 26 is used for recording the pressure when water flows out from the external water chamber vent hole 12, i.e. the internal channel sealing gasket 29 is in water-proof failure; the external water cavity water pressure gauge 27 is used for recording the water pressure change condition when the internal sealing gasket 29 fails and the valve of the external water cavity vent hole 12 is closed and the water pressure is continuously loaded to the external sealing gasket 30 to prevent water failure.
In this embodiment, the outer side of the upper cover plate outer channel groove 4 is provided with the strip-shaped bolt holes 6 of the upper cover plate uniformly arranged along the edge interval of the upper cover plate 1, the outer side of the lower cover plate two grooves 14 is provided with the strip-shaped bolt holes 15 of the lower cover plate uniformly arranged along the edge interval of the lower cover plate two 3, the top flat plate 17 is provided with the strip-shaped bolt holes 18 of the top flat plate uniformly arranged along the edge interval thereof, and after the device is assembled, the strip-shaped bolt holes 6 of the upper cover plate, the strip-shaped bolt holes 15 of the lower cover plate and the strip-shaped bolt holes 18 of the top flat plate correspond to each other in position.
By adopting the structure, the upper cover plate 1, the lower cover plate I2 and the lower cover plate II 3 are connected into a whole by the upper cover plate strip-shaped bolt holes 6 and the lower cover plate II strip-shaped bolt holes 15 through the cover plate connecting bolts 25 penetrating through the upper cover plate strip-shaped bolt holes and the lower cover plate II, so that the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate I2 and the lower cover plate II 3 can be conveniently hoisted in the experimental process and placed into the U-shaped frame 20; the top flat strip bolt hole 18 is used for taking out the cover plate connecting bolt 25 through the top flat strip bolt hole after the device is assembled, so that the jack 22 can push the second lower cover plate 3 on the side surface, and the working surfaces of the upper cover plate 1 and the two lower cover plates are dislocated to a set dislocation amount.
In the embodiment, a circle of top flat plate round bolt holes 19 uniformly distributed at intervals are arranged between the top flat plate strip bolt holes 18 and the edge of the top flat plate 17, and after the top flat plate 17 is embedded into the top of the U-shaped frame 20, the positions of the top flat plate round bolt holes 19 and U-shaped frame round bolt holes 21 arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped frame 20 correspond to each other.
By adopting the structure, the frame connecting bolt 24 passes through the top flat plate circular bolt hole 19 and the U-shaped frame circular bolt hole 21, and the cover plate gap reaches the set opening amount by adjusting the tightness degree of the frame connecting bolt.
Example 2
This example is a test method of the test apparatus in example 1;
s1: adhering an inner channel sealing gasket 29 and an outer channel sealing gasket 30 to the upper cover plate inner channel groove 5, the upper cover plate outer channel groove 4, the lower cover plate one groove 13 and the lower cover plate two groove 14, and after waiting for 24 hours, enabling the adhesive to take effect;
s2: selecting a gasket 28 with corresponding thickness to be placed in the groove 16 of the second lower cover plate until the working surfaces of the first lower cover plate 2 and the second lower cover plate 3 are flush, embedding the first lower cover plate 2 into the groove 16 of the second lower cover plate, and hoisting the upper cover plate 1 to the top surface of the second lower cover plate 3 and aligning the two;
s3: the cover plate connecting bolt 25 penetrates through the upper cover plate strip-shaped bolt hole 6 and the lower cover plate strip-shaped bolt hole 15, and the cover plate connecting bolt 25 is screwed down to facilitate integral hoisting of the combined cover plate;
s4: hoisting the combined cover plate to the upper part of the slide rail 23 on the bottom surface of the U-shaped frame 20;
s5: embedding the outer frame top flat plate 17 into the top of the U-shaped frame 20, penetrating a frame connecting bolt 24 through a top flat plate circular bolt hole 19 and a U-shaped frame circular bolt hole 21, and screwing the frame connecting bolt 24 until the cover plate gap reaches a set opening amount;
s6: detaching the cover plate connecting bolt 25, starting the jack 22, and enabling the jack 22 to push the second lower cover plate 3 from the side surface at a certain speed, so that the working surfaces of the upper and lower cover plates are staggered to a set staggering amount;
s7: the cover plate connecting bolt 25 penetrates through the upper cover plate strip-shaped bolt hole 6 and the lower cover plate strip-shaped bolt hole 15 again, the cover plate connecting bolt 25 is screwed down, the frame connecting bolt 24 is removed, and the top flat plate 17 is taken down;
s8: connecting an internal water chamber water pressure gauge 26 and an external water chamber water pressure gauge 27 with the internal water chamber water pressure gauge connecting hole 7 and the external water chamber water pressure gauge connecting hole 10 respectively, opening valves of an internal water chamber water inlet hole 8 and an external water chamber water inlet hole 11, injecting water, discharging air through an internal water chamber exhaust hole 9 and an external water chamber exhaust hole 12, closing the valves of the internal water chamber exhaust hole 9 and the external water chamber water inlet hole 11 after the air is discharged, and starting water pressure loading;
s9: when water flows out of the outer water cavity vent hole 12, the inner channel sealing gasket 29 is in water-proof failure, and the reading of the water pressure gauge 26 of the inner water cavity is recorded;
s10: closing the valve of the external water cavity vent hole 12, continuing water pressure loading until the external sealing gasket 30 is subjected to water failure, and recording the data change of the external water cavity water pressure meter 27;
s11: and (4) the inner sealing gasket 29 and the outer sealing gasket 30 are both waterproof and fail, and the test is finished. And replacing the test piece, and repeating the waterproof failure process and the waterproof capability of the double-channel sealing gasket under different longitudinal joint staggering and opening deformation measurable in the processes of S1-S10.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A device for testing the waterproof performance of a double-channel sealing gasket of a seam of a shield tunnel is characterized by comprising a combined cover plate, a displacement loading frame for placing the combined cover plate and a water pressure loading system which can extend to a closed space formed by the sealing gasket and the combined cover plate;
the combined cover plate comprises an upper cover plate (1) used for applying positive pressure to a sealing gasket working surface, and a first lower cover plate (2) and a second lower cover plate (3) which are positioned below the upper cover plate (1), wherein the second lower cover plate (3) is provided with a second lower cover plate groove (16) for accommodating the first lower cover plate (2), the bottom of the upper cover plate (1) is sequentially provided with an annular upper cover plate inner channel groove (5) and an upper cover plate outer channel groove (4) from inside to outside, the upper cover plate inner channel groove (5) and the upper cover plate outer channel groove (4) respectively correspond to a first lower cover plate groove (13) of the first lower cover plate (2) and a second lower cover plate groove (14) of the second lower cover plate (3), an annular sealing gasket is arranged between the upper cover plate inner channel groove (5) and the first lower cover plate groove (13), and an annular sealing gasket is arranged between the upper cover plate outer channel groove (4) and the second lower cover plate groove (14), the upper cover plate (1) is connected with the second lower cover plate (3) through a cover plate connecting bolt (25);
the displacement loading frame is used for applying lateral shearing force to the sealing gasket working surface and comprises a U-shaped frame (20) and a top flat plate (17) which is detachably embedded into the top of the U-shaped frame (20), a movable sliding rail (23) used for placing the combined cover plate is arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped frame (20), a horizontal jack (22) is arranged on the side face of the U-shaped frame (20), the top of the jack (22) extends into the U-shaped frame (20) and points to the lower cover plate II (3) inside the U-shaped frame (20), so that the lower cover plate II (3) can translate relative to the upper cover plate (1).
2. The shield tunnel joint double-sealing gasket waterproof performance testing device is characterized in that the hydraulic loading system comprises a hydraulic pump and a measuring and loading channel which penetrates through the upper cover plate (1) and is connected with the hydraulic pump, and the measuring and loading channel is arranged in the annular sealing gasket between the upper cover plate inner channel groove (5) and the lower cover plate-groove (13) and between the adjacent annular sealing gaskets.
3. The shield tunnel joint double-sealing gasket waterproof performance testing device is characterized in that the side length of the groove (16) of the second lower cover plate is the same as that of the first lower cover plate (2), and the depth of the groove is larger than the thickness of the first lower cover plate (2); and a gasket (28) is arranged between the bottom of the groove (16) of the lower cover plate II and the bottom of the lower cover plate I (2) and is used for adjusting the height difference of the working surfaces of the lower cover plate I (2) and the lower cover plate II (3).
4. The shield tunnel joint double-sealing gasket waterproof performance testing device is characterized in that the thickness of the gasket (28) comprises 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm and 10mm, and the gasket (28) is a cube cast iron gasket.
5. The shield tunnel seam double-sealing gasket waterproof performance testing device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the measurement loading channel comprises an external water chamber water pressure gauge connection hole (10), an external water chamber water inlet hole (11) and an external water chamber exhaust hole (12) which are arranged between the upper cover plate inner channel groove (5) and the upper cover plate outer channel groove (4), and an internal water chamber water pressure gauge connection hole (7), an internal water chamber water inlet hole (8) and an internal water chamber exhaust hole (9) which are arranged on the inner side of the upper cover plate inner channel groove (5).
6. The device for testing the waterproof performance of the double-channel sealing gasket of the shield tunnel joint according to claim 5, wherein the outer water chamber water pressure gauge connection hole (10) and the inner water chamber water pressure gauge connection hole (7) are further provided with an outer water chamber water pressure gauge (27) and an inner water chamber water pressure gauge (26) which are inserted into the combined cover plate along the connection holes.
7. The shield tunnel joint double gasket waterproof performance testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that the outer channel groove (4) of the upper cover plate is provided with upper cover plate strip bolt holes (6) uniformly arranged along the edge interval of the upper cover plate (1) at the outer side, the two channel groove (14) of the lower cover plate is provided with lower cover plate strip bolt holes (15) uniformly arranged along the edge interval of the lower cover plate (3) at the outer side, the top flat plate (17) is provided with top flat plate strip bolt holes (18) uniformly arranged along the edge of the top flat plate, and after the device is assembled, the positions of the upper cover plate strip bolt holes (6), the lower cover plate strip bolt holes (15) and the top flat plate strip bolt holes (18) correspond to each other.
8. The device for testing the waterproof performance of the double-sealing gasket of the shield tunnel joint according to claim 7, wherein a circle of top flat plate round bolt holes (19) which are uniformly distributed at intervals are arranged between the top flat plate strip-shaped bolt holes (18) and the edge of the top flat plate (17), and after the top flat plate (17) is embedded into the top of the U-shaped frame (20), the positions of the top flat plate round bolt holes (19) and the positions of U-shaped frame round bolt holes (21) which are arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped frame (20) correspond to each other.
9. A test method of the shield tunnel joint double-sealing gasket waterproof performance test device based on the claim 8 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adhering the inner seal gasket (29) to the upper cover plate inner groove (5) and the lower cover plate first groove (13), and adhering the outer seal gasket (30) to the upper cover plate outer groove (4) and the lower cover plate second groove (14);
s2, selecting a gasket (28) with a corresponding thickness to be placed in the second lower cover plate groove (16), embedding the first lower cover plate (2) into the second lower cover plate groove (16) to enable the working surfaces of the inner sealing gasket (29) and the outer sealing gasket (30) to have a difference in opening amount, and hoisting the upper cover plate (1) to the top surface of the second lower cover plate (3) and aligning the two gaskets;
s3, passing the cover plate connecting bolt (25) through the upper cover plate strip-shaped bolt hole (6) and the lower cover plate strip-shaped bolt hole (15), and screwing the cover plate connecting bolt (25);
s4, hoisting the combined cover plate on the slide rail (23) on the bottom surface of the U-shaped frame (20);
s5, embedding the outer frame top flat plate (17) into the top of the U-shaped frame (20), penetrating the frame connecting bolt (24) through the top flat plate circular bolt hole (19) and the U-shaped frame circular bolt hole (21), and screwing the frame connecting bolt (24) until the cover plate gap reaches a set opening amount;
s6, detaching the cover plate connecting bolt (25), starting the jack (22), making the jack (22) push the lower cover plate II (3) from the side surface at a set speed, making the working surfaces of the upper and lower cover plates dislocate to a set dislocation amount;
s7, passing the cover plate connecting bolt (25) through the upper cover plate strip-shaped bolt hole (6) and the lower cover plate strip-shaped bolt hole (15) again, screwing the cover plate connecting bolt (25), dismantling the frame connecting bolt (24), and taking down the top flat plate (17);
s8, respectively connecting an internal water cavity water pressure gauge (26) and an external water cavity water pressure gauge (27) with the internal water cavity water pressure gauge connecting hole (7) and the external water cavity water pressure gauge connecting hole (10), opening valves of an internal water cavity water inlet hole (8) and an external water cavity water inlet hole (11), injecting water, discharging air through an internal water cavity exhaust hole (9) and an external water cavity exhaust hole (12), closing the valves of the internal water cavity exhaust hole (9) and the external water cavity water inlet hole (11), and starting water pressure loading;
s9, when water flows out of the external water cavity vent hole (12), the internal channel sealing gasket (29) is proved to have waterproof failure, and the indication number of the internal water cavity water pressure gauge (26) is recorded;
s10, closing the valve of the external water cavity vent hole (12), continuing water pressure loading until the external sealing gasket (30) is in waterproof failure, and recording the data change of the external water cavity water pressure gauge (27);
and S11, after the test is finished, replacing the test piece, repeating S1-S10, and measuring the waterproof limit water pressure when the double-channel sealing gasket fails in the waterproof state under the condition that a plurality of groups of longitudinal joints are staggered and deformed in an opening mode.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein in step S1, a 24-hour wait period is required after the adhesive is applied to make the adhesive effective;
at S8, the air is completely discharged to fill the sealed space with water.
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| CN202210456945.9A CN114563137B (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2022-04-28 | Device and method for testing waterproof performance of double-channel sealing gasket of shield tunnel joint |
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| CN202210456945.9A CN114563137B (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2022-04-28 | Device and method for testing waterproof performance of double-channel sealing gasket of shield tunnel joint |
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| CN104865012A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-08-26 | 同济大学 | Tunnel joint waterproof performances test apparatus and test method |
| CN107121245A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-09-01 | 同济大学 | Shield tunnel lining segment two seals pad waterproof ability test device and method |
| CN108776011A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-11-09 | 同济大学 | A kind of duct pieces of shield tunnel joint seal pad leak test device |
| CN109724755A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-05-07 | 河海大学 | Shield gasket anti-permeability performance visualizes evaluation test device and its test method |
| CN111896451A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-11-06 | 同济大学 | Method for testing waterproof performance of shield tunnel joint in different deformation states |
| CN212340562U (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-01-12 | 西南交通大学 | Shield tunnel segment joint waterproof test device capable of detecting water leakage position |
| CN114018502B (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-11-29 | 山东大学 | Shield tunnel segment lining multi-joint water leakage test device and method |
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