CN114563116A - Sensor array for pressure damage detection - Google Patents
Sensor array for pressure damage detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN114563116A CN114563116A CN202210139533.2A CN202210139533A CN114563116A CN 114563116 A CN114563116 A CN 114563116A CN 202210139533 A CN202210139533 A CN 202210139533A CN 114563116 A CN114563116 A CN 114563116A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/18—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezo-resistive materials, i.e. materials of which the ohmic resistance varies according to changes in magnitude or direction of force applied to the material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/22—Ergometry; Measuring muscular strength or the force of a muscular blow
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/44—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the integumentary system, e.g. skin, hair or nails
- A61B5/441—Skin evaluation, e.g. for skin disorder diagnosis
- A61B5/445—Evaluating skin irritation or skin trauma, e.g. rash, eczema, wound, bed sore
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sensor array for detecting pressure damage, wherein the sensor array (300) comprises at least one first sensing unit (310) for detecting pressure and at least one second sensing unit (320), a first connecting piece (330) for transmitting acting force is arranged between the first sensing unit (310) and the second sensing unit (320), and the deformation generated by the force received by the first sensing unit or the change of the contact area with a layer surface (700) is correspondingly converted into the change of resistance; when the corresponding current and/or voltage of the resistance change correspondingly changes, at least information of pressure, pressure area, direction and magnitude of acting force generated by the first sensing unit (310) due to the pressure and the range of acting area is obtained. The pressure distribution of the invention not only can accurately sense the pressure area, but also can sense the force and the direction of the edge area of the pressure action.
Description
The invention is a divisional application of a pressure sensing device for measuring pressure injury of a human body, which is filed for 11/3/2020/202011207540.9.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pressure damage detection, in particular to a sensor array for pressure damage detection.
Background
Pressure injury, also known as pressure ulcer and bedsore, is caused by tissue ulceration and necrosis due to persistent ischemia, anoxia and malnutrition caused by long-term local tissue compression. For the prevention and detection of pressure injury, the objectivity of detection is increased from the first various mattresses (air cushion bed, water bed, turning pillow) to pressure test blankets, which have only relied on subjective detection (Bradon scale) for a long time.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN105942981B discloses a human body pressure distribution measuring system, which at least includes an elastic buffer layer, a pressure measuring device, and a support member located below the elastic buffer layer; the pressure measuring device comprises a force-sensitive sensor group which is loaded between the elastic buffer layer and the supporting piece and is used for measuring the pressure value of each distribution point on the lower surface of the elastic buffer layer; the signal amplification module is used for amplifying the sensing signals generated by the force-sensitive sensor group; the A/D converter module is used for converting the amplified sensing signal output by the signal amplification module into a digital signal; the data processing module is used for restoring the digital signals into pressure values of all distribution points on the upper surface of the elastic buffer layer, and the pressure display module is used for displaying the pressure values of all the distribution points on the upper surface of the elastic buffer layer; the force-sensitive sensor group, the signal amplification module, the A/D converter module, the data processing module and the pressure display module are sequentially connected in series; the force sensitive sensor set is further configured to: and measuring the pressure value of each distribution point on the lower surface of the elastic buffer layer in the process that each part of the supporting piece sequentially ascends and then descends. This patent restores the pressure of each distribution point of elastic buffer layer lower surface to the pressure of each distribution point of elastic buffer layer upper surface to obtain human pressure distribution. However, the pressure measuring device provided by the patent is composed of the elastic buffer layer and the supporting piece, the mechanical performance of the pressure measuring device is limited in flexibility, the shearing force cannot be measured, the measurement accuracy can be seriously affected by folding or twisting caused by the pressure impact of a human body, the air permeability of the pressure measuring device is poor, and the pressure damage can be caused by long-term use.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN107607233A discloses a method for measuring the distribution of human body pressure based on a capacitive material and an airbag matrix, which includes the following steps: 1. arranging an electrode array on a flexible material, and arranging an airbag matrix below the flexible material; 2. a human body lies on the flexible material, and capacitance signals obtained by electrode array detection positioned below the position of the human body and air bag pressure signals obtained by air bag matrix detection are collected; 3. amplifying the capacitance signal and the air bag pressure signal with a signal amplification module, and converting the amplified capacitance signal output by the signal amplification module into a digital capacitance signal and a digital air bag pressure signal; 4. processing the digital capacitance signals to establish a human body sleeping posture image, obtaining the pressure distribution condition of each part of the human body according to the digital air bag pressure signals, and establishing the human body sleeping posture pressure image according to the obtained pressure distribution condition of each part of the human body. However, the method for measuring the human body pressure distribution provided by the above patent adopts an air bag mode to collect pressure signals, the air bag collects the pressure signals in an impact mode, long-term charging is needed, and the noise is large, so that rest of patients and other people can be influenced.
Based on the limitations of the pressure sensors made of rigid materials, the existing sensors for measuring the pressure distribution of human bodies adopt flexible pressure sensors which are stretchable and deformable, and the outstanding characteristics of the sensors are thin and soft. The flexible pressure sensor comprises a capacitance sensor, a resistance sensor, a piezoresistance sensor, a sensor adopting a novel material and the like. The novel material can be conductive rubber, silver nanoparticles, graphene, metal and oxide nanomaterials thereof, semiconductors and other novel sensitive materials.
For example, silver nano ions are prepared on materials such as Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or Polystyrene (PS) as a film substrate by adopting a direct transfer method, so that a sensitive layer film is formed, and the sensing principle is that the film generates opening and closing of micro cracks under pressure strain, so that the resistance is changed. For example, flexible pressure sensors can be composed based on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), PDMS films, and the like.
For example, document [1] discloses a flexible mechanical sensor with a double-sided structure of a polymer substrate, and discloses a flexible mechanical sensor with a polyethyleneimine/reduced graphene oxide (PEI/rGO) as a sensitive layer, so as to prepare flexible pressure sensors with different substrate structures. The sensitivity of the sensor is improved mainly due to the fact that local strain distribution generated by the positive pattern of the sensor is enhanced, and the negative Poisson's ratio characteristic generated by the back surface of the sensor is generated by the auxetic structure. This document also discloses a flexible pressure sensing fabric based on a conductive network of silver nanowires (AgNWs).
For example, document [2] sunteng. flexible fabric strain sensor design preparation and performance research [ D ].2020. discloses that based on good physical properties such as tensile recovery of dust-free cloth and excellent electrical properties of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), further preparation of the flexible fabric strain sensor is realized by reducing Graphene Oxide (GO) with ascorbic acid (L-AA), and a flexible mechanical sensor with good linear strain negative response, lower hysteresis, faster response speed, lower detection limit and better repeatability is obtained.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN111060238A discloses a method for manufacturing a resistive flexible pressure sensor, which includes: 1. providing a first flexible substrate, and etching one surface of the first flexible substrate by adopting laser to form microstructures with at least two heights; 2. forming a conductive layer on the surface of the first flexible substrate with the microstructure to obtain a first flexible substrate; 3. providing a second flexible substrate, wherein the second flexible substrate comprises a second flexible substrate and electrodes arranged on one surface of the second flexible substrate; and laminating the second flexible substrate on the first flexible substrate, and enabling the electrode to be connected with the conductive layer to obtain the resistance-type flexible pressure sensor.
However, the above-disclosed flexible pressure sensors for measuring the distribution of the body pressure all focus on parameters of the sensors regarding the accuracy of the pressure sensors, such as sensitivity, detection limit, hysteresis, sensing range, etc., but do not consider the problem of accurate monitoring of the pressure area in the distribution of the body pressure, nor consider how to evaluate the mobility and mobility of the target group according to the distribution of the body pressure. Therefore, there is a need for improvement of the prior art to accurately determine the pressure area in the pressure distribution of the human body, so as to objectively evaluate the mobility of the target person, and thus objectively and accurately prevent and detect the pressure injury.
Furthermore, on the one hand, due to the differences in understanding to the person skilled in the art; on the other hand, since the inventor has studied a lot of documents and patents when making the present invention, but the space is not limited to the details and contents listed in the above, however, the present invention is by no means free of the features of the prior art, but the present invention has been provided with all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to increase the related prior art in the background.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a pressure sensing device for measuring pressure injury of a human body, which at least comprises a sensor array. The sensor array comprises at least one first sensing unit and at least one second sensing unit. The first sensing unit is used for detecting pressure. The second sensing unit is used for detecting the acting force generated by the first sensing unit. The second sensing unit can detect the contact area with the surface layer through the acting force under the condition that the surface layer is deformed or not deformed. The existing pressure sensing device can only detect a small part of the pressure damage occurrence factors, namely, the prior art focuses on the parameters of the pressure sensor in terms of the accuracy of the pressure sensor, such as the thickness, the flexibility degree, the sensitivity, the detection limit, the hysteresis, the sensing range and the like, the detection index only obtains the measured pressure, the characterization of the pressure area, particularly the edge area of the pressure action, is fuzzy or even can not be characterized, the detection index based on single pressure needs to be matched with a large number of subjective indexes when evaluating the pressure damage and cannot be objectively evaluated, the prevention and the detection of the pressure damage are influenced to a great extent, the control cannot be effectively realized, and the effective help cannot be provided for reducing the medical cost and the workload of medical workers. The invention is based on the above problems, and can accurately acquire the pressure area by using the second sensing unit which can be linked with the first sensing unit in addition to the first sensing unit to detect the pressure index, and can accurately and sensitively characterize the edge area with less pressure influence. The mode of accurately and sensitively representing the edge area with small pressure influence is to pull or push the second sensing unit to deform by the acting force generated when the first sensing unit deforms. The deformation of the second sensor can transmit corresponding sensing information, and in addition, the invention utilizes the contact of the second sensor with the layer surface when the second sensor is deformed and transmits sensing mechanical information through the change of the contact area, thereby greatly improving the sensitivity. It should be noted that, generally, at the edge of the pressure acting area, the surface layer may not deform or deform less due to weak pressure, and the invention can detect the contact area with the surface layer when the surface layer does not deform or deforms less by pulling or pushing the second sensing unit, and can convert the deformation and the change of the contact area into the change of the resistance value for sensing, so as to accurately obtain the pressure area and the direction and magnitude change of the human body pressure acting, i.e. the pressure distribution of the invention not only can accurately sense the pressure area, but also can sense the magnitude and direction of the force in the pressure acting edge area. In addition, the change of the pressure area and the force and the direction of the pressure action edge area can be converted into objective indexes of the movement ability and the activity ability of the target crowd, so that the movement ability of the target crowd can be objectively evaluated, and the pressure injury can be objectively and accurately prevented and detected.
The invention also provides a pressure sensing device for measuring the pressure injury of the human body, which at least comprises a surface layer. A first sensing unit and a second sensing unit are arranged in the surface layer. At least one side of the second sensing unit, which is opposite to the surface layer, is not parallel to and perpendicular to the surface layer. The side, which is not parallel and perpendicular to the surface layer, of the second sensing unit can change an angle between the second sensing unit and the surface layer under the action of the first sensing unit.
The invention also provides a pressure sensing device for measuring pressure injury of a human body, which at least comprises a sensor array positioned between the first surface layer and the second surface layer. The sensor array includes at least a first sensing unit and a second sensing unit. The second sensing unit is configured to be capable of sensing the change of the contact area of the second sensing unit and the first surface layer and/or the second surface layer caused by the acting force of the first sensing unit on the second sensing unit and the deformation of the first surface layer and/or the second surface layer under pressure.
According to a preferred embodiment, a first connection for transmitting a force is arranged between the first sensor unit and the second sensor unit. One end of the first connecting piece is connected with the first sensing unit, and the other end of the first connecting piece is connected with the second sensing unit. Preferably, one end of the first connecting piece is connected with the first sensing unit, and the other end of the first connecting piece can abut against the second sensing unit under the condition that the first sensing unit is deformed. Preferably, one end of the first connecting piece is connected with the second sensing unit, and the other end of the first connecting piece can abut against the first sensing unit under the condition that the first sensing unit is deformed. Preferably, the first connecting member may be disposed in a manner of surrounding the first and second sensing units.
According to a preferred embodiment, the first sensor unit comprises at least a first segment and a second segment. The first segment is connected/in contact with the first surface layer of the facing. The second segment is connected/in contact with the second surface layer of the facing layer. The cross-sectional area of the first segment in the third direction decreases/increases in the direction from the first skin to the second skin. The cross-sectional area of the second segment in the third direction decreases/increases in the direction from the second skin to the first skin. Preferably, the first segment and the second segment form an indentation/protrusion at least on a side wall in the first direction towards the second sensing unit.
According to a preferred embodiment, the first sensing unit senses the human body pressure through resistance changes caused by deformation of the first segment body and the second segment body. Under the condition that the first sensing unit bears pressure, the first section body and the second section body deform, so that the distance between the first surface layer and the second surface layer is reduced. The cross section of the fourth direction of the notch/protrusion of the first segment and the second segment extends towards the first direction. Preferably, when the first segment and the second segment are notched and subjected to pressure at least at the side wall facing the second sensing unit in the first direction, the side walls of the first segment and the second segment in the first direction can at least partially abut against each other.
According to a preferred embodiment, the first sensing unit comprises at least a first segment in connection/contact with the first skin layer and a second segment in contact with the second skin layer. Under the condition that the first surface layer bears pressure, the second section body deforms to increase the contact area with the second surface layer. And under the condition that the pressure is greater than the deformation threshold of the second section body, the first section body deforms to increase the sectional area of the first section body along a third direction. Under the condition that the pressure continues to increase and exceeds the deformation threshold of the first segment body, the second segment body moves along the second surface layer, so that the side wall of at least one side of the first segment body is in contact with the second surface layer.
According to a preferred embodiment, the second sensor unit comprises at least a third segment and a fourth segment. The third section body is connected/contacted with the first surface layer, and the fourth section body is connected/contacted with the second surface layer. The third segment and the fourth segment form a protrusion at least on a side wall in a second direction toward the first sensing unit.
According to a preferred embodiment, under the condition that the first sensing unit transmits the acting force through the first connecting piece, the third segment body and the fourth segment body are deformed to increase/decrease an included angle between the third segment body and the fourth segment body, so that the side wall of at least one side of the third segment body and/or the fourth segment body can contact the deformed or undeformed surface layer.
According to a preferred embodiment, the third segment is connected to the first skin by a second connection. And the fourth segment body is connected with the second surface layer through a third connecting piece. The second connecting piece and the third connecting piece can deform along with the increase/decrease of the angle between the third section body and the fourth section body. Preferably, portions of the second and third connectors are in contact with the facing. The second and third connectors are capable of varying the area of contact with the facing as the angle between the third and fourth segments increases/decreases.
According to a preferred embodiment, at least one side wall of the third segment and/or the fourth segment is provided with at least one protrusion.
The invention also provides a sensor array for detecting pressure damage, which comprises at least one first sensing unit and at least one second sensing unit, wherein a first connecting piece for transmitting acting force is arranged between the first sensing unit and the second sensing unit,
correspondingly converting the deformation caused by the force or the change of the contact area with the layer surface into the change of the resistance;
when the corresponding current and/or voltage of the resistance change correspondingly changes, at least information of pressure, pressure area, direction and magnitude of acting force generated by the first sensing unit due to the pressure and the range of the acting area is obtained.
Preferably, the second sensing unit is configured to sense, under pressure, a force applied to the second sensing unit by the first sensing unit and a change in a contact area between the second sensing unit and the facing layer caused by deformation of the facing layer.
Preferably, in a case where both ends of the first connecting member are respectively connected to the first sensing unit and the second sensing unit, the first connecting member is configured to have certain elasticity and rigidity, and only under a certain applied force, the first connecting member is deformed to the limit and then pushes/pulls the second sensing unit.
Preferably, the first connecting piece has no elasticity, one end of the first connecting piece is connected with the second sensing unit, the other end of the first connecting piece has a certain distance from the second sensing unit, and the first connecting piece can abut against the second sensing unit only after the first sensing unit deforms to a certain degree, so that the first connecting piece pushes/pulls the second sensing unit.
Preferably, the first sensing unit at least comprises a first segment body and a second segment body, and the first sensing unit senses the human body pressure through resistance change caused by deformation of the first segment body and the second segment body; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first segment body is connected with/contacted with a first surface layer of the surface layer, the second segment body is connected with/contacted with a second surface layer of the surface layer,
under the condition that the first sensing unit bears pressure, the first section body and the second section body deform so that the distance between the first surface layer and the second surface layer is reduced;
the section of the notch/protrusion of the first segment body and the second segment body in the fourth direction extends towards the first direction; the fourth direction is the direction perpendicular to the bedding plane.
Preferably, in the case that the first segment and the second segment are notched and subjected to pressure at least at the side wall facing the second sensing cell in the first direction,
the side walls of the first segment body and the second segment body in the first direction can at least partially fit each other,
the conductive area of the first section body and the second section body after being attached is increased, and the change range of the first sensing unit is increased under the double effects of deformation and area;
the radial displacement of the first segment and the second segment after the fitting is increased, and the acting force applied to the second sensing unit is aggravated.
Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the first segment in the third direction decreases/increases in the direction from the first skin to the second skin;
the cross-sectional area of the second segment in the third direction decreases/increases in the direction from the second skin to the first skin.
Preferably, the first segment and the second segment in the first sensing unit form an indentation/protrusion at least on the side wall in the first direction towards the second sensing unit,
under the condition that the first sensing unit bears pressure, the cross section of the first section body and the cross section of the second section body are gradually enlarged, certain displacement is generated in the radial direction of the first section body and the second section body, and therefore acting force is generated, and the first sensing unit senses the acting force to the second sensing unit.
Preferably, the second sensing unit comprises at least a third segment and a fourth segment, wherein,
under the condition that the first sensing unit transmits acting force through the first connecting piece, the third section body and the fourth section body deform to increase/decrease an included angle between the third section body and the fourth section body, so that the side wall of at least one side of the third section body and/or the fourth section body can contact with a deformed or undeformed surface layer.
Preferably, the third segment is connected with the first surface layer through a second connecting piece, the fourth segment is connected with the second surface layer through a third connecting piece, parts of the second connecting piece and the third connecting piece are in contact with the surface layer, and the second connecting piece and the third connecting piece can change the contact area with the surface layer along with the increase/decrease of the angle between the third segment and the fourth segment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a first sensing unit and a second sensing unit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another preferred embodiment of the first sensing unit and the second sensing unit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another preferred embodiment of the first and second sensing units of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a preselected embodiment of a second sensing unit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of a sensor array of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
List of reference numerals
100: a control module; 200: a scanning module; 300: an array of sensors; 400: a signal processing module; 500: a communication module; 600: a power supply module; 700: a surface layer; 310: a first sensing unit; 320: a second sensing unit; 330: a first connecting member; 311: a first segment; 312: a second segment; 313: a fourth connecting member; 314: a fifth connecting member; 321: a third segment; 322: a fourth segment; 323: a second connecting member; 324: a third connecting member; 325: a convex portion; 710: a first skin layer; 720: a second skin layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, the relevant terms and principles will be introduced.
Preferably, the flexible pressure sensor is the most important type of flexible electronic device, which can conform to any curved surface shape and generate an electrical signal under electrical human body activity such as body contact and the pressure generated during the human body's regular physiological processes. PDMS films of various surface and layered microstructures are developed at present, and are all of nanometer and micron-sized microstructures. The facing 700 of the present invention may be a flexible film made of PDMS film, polyester film, or other materials. Preferably, a conductive layer can be deposited, spin-coated, and cured on the surface layer 700, or a thin film having conductive properties can be used. Preferably, the conductive layer may be a conductive material such as metal, graphene oxide, or a piezoresistive material. Preferably, the sensor array 300 of the present invention can be made of piezoelectric material, semiconductor material, organic polymer material, etc. The first sensing element 310 and the second sensing element 320 in the sensor array 300 of the present invention may also be a conductive layer that is spin-coated or cured on the elastic piezoresistive material. Preferably, the size of the sensing structure such as the first sensing unit 310, the second sensing unit 320, and the first connection 330 of the present invention may be in the order of centimeters to nanometers. For micro-and nano-sized microstructures, the microstructure can be manufactured by processes such as photoresist, spin coating, curing, magnetron sputtering, ICP plasma etching and the like or similar processes such as COMOS, silicon on insulator and the like, and the invention is not repeated.
Preferably, the sensing principle of the sensor array 300 of the present invention is as follows:
the sensing principle of the present invention is similar to that of a piezoresistive flexible pressure sensor, and the first sensing unit 310 and the second sensing unit 320 of the present invention are sensing units capable of correspondingly converting the deformation caused by the force applied thereto or the change of the contact area with the layer 700 into the change of the resistance. When the resistance changes, the corresponding current and/or voltage also correspondingly changes, and then information sensing such as pressure, pressure area, direction and magnitude of the acting force generated by the first sensing unit 310 due to the pressure, and the range of the acting region can be obtained. In particular, a preferred embodiment may be that the first surface 710 and the second surface 720 in the layer 700 may be electrically conductive. The first sensing unit 310 and the second sensing unit 320 may be made of piezoresistive material, and the resistance changes when the piezoresistive material is deformed. Or the surfaces of the first and second sensing units 310 and 320 may be conductive, and the resistance thereof changes when the contact area with the first and second skin layers 710 and 720 changes. Alternatively, the first sensing unit 310 and the second sensing unit 320 may be made of piezoresistive material, and at least the surfaces thereof may be conductive. For example, a conductive layer may be formed on the surface of the piezoresistive material, and when the first sensing unit 310 and the second sensing unit 320 are deformed and/or the contact area is changed, the resistance thereof is also changed. Through the arrangement mode, the pressure sensing device is equivalent to the parallel connection of a plurality of resistors with variable resistance values, so that the current corresponding to the resistance value change can also change. Preferably, the first skin layer 710 and the second skin layer 720 are further patterned to change the circuit connection relationship between the first sensing unit 310 and the second sensing unit 320, or between the first sensing unit 310 and other first sensing units 310 and second sensing units 320, so as to obtain the pressure related information, for example, the distribution of the first sensing unit 310 and the second sensing unit 320 as shown in fig. 5. As shown in fig. 5, a plurality of second sensing units 320 are circumferentially spaced apart from one first sensing unit 310. The first sensing units 310 are individually connected to the second sensing units 320 distributed circumferentially thereof. Preferably, the circumferentially distributed second sensing units 320 may also be connected in parallel or in series, and when the resistance value of one of the second sensing units 320 changes, the current or voltage of the one of the second sensing units changes correspondingly. Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, data of each of the first sensing unit 310 and/or the second sensing unit 320 may be acquired by scanning each of the first sensing unit 310 and/or the second sensing unit 320 one by one, respectively.
Preferably, the pressure sensing device of the present invention may also be internally, externally or internally packaged with the power module 600, the communication module 500, the control module 100, the signal processing module 400 and the scanning module 200. Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the control module 100 controls the scanning module 200 to scan the sensor array 300 in a certain order. The sensor array 300 transmits the sensing signal to the signal processing module 400. The signal processing module 400 transmits the signal to the control module 100. The control module 100 transmits data to the communication module 500. The communication module 500 transmits the data to the upper computer.
Preferably, the control module 100 may be a central processing unit, a micro-control unit, a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component, or any combination thereof. The control module 100 is used for controlling the scanning mode and timing of the scanning module 200. The control module 100 transmits the data transmitted by the signal processing module 400 to the communication module 500. The control module 100 controls the communication module 500 to transmit to the upper computer in a wireless and/or wired manner. Preferably, the scan module 200 may be composed of a plurality of analog selection switches, a decoder and a buffer. Preferably, the signal processing module 400 converts the signal output by the sensor array 300 into a voltage signal or a current signal, amplifies and conditions the voltage signal or the current signal, and transmits the amplified and conditioned signal to the control module 100. Preferably, the signal processing module 400 includes at least an operational amplifier.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a pressure sensing device for measuring pressure injury of a human body, comprising at least a sensor array 300. The sensor array 300 includes at least one first sensing unit 310 and at least one second sensing unit 320. The first sensing unit 310 is used to detect pressure. The second sensing unit 320 is used for detecting the acting force generated by the first sensing unit 310. The second sensing unit 320 can detect a contact area with the surface layer 700 by an acting force in a state where the surface layer 700 is deformed or not deformed. The existing pressure sensing device can only detect a small part of the pressure damage occurrence factors, namely, the prior art focuses on the parameters of the pressure sensor in terms of the accuracy of the pressure sensor, such as the thickness, the flexibility degree, the sensitivity, the detection limit, the hysteresis, the sensing range and the like, the detection index only obtains the measured pressure, the characterization of the pressure area, particularly the edge area of the pressure action, is fuzzy or even can not be characterized, the detection index based on single pressure needs to be matched with a large number of subjective indexes when evaluating the pressure damage and cannot be objectively evaluated, the prevention and the detection of the pressure damage are influenced to a great extent, the control cannot be effectively realized, and the effective help cannot be provided for reducing the medical cost and the workload of medical workers. The present invention is based on the above problems, and can precisely obtain a pressure area by using the second sensing unit 320 capable of interlocking with the first sensing unit 310 in addition to the first sensing unit 310 to detect a pressure index, and can accurately and highly sensitively represent an edge region having a small pressure influence. The way to accurately and sensitively characterize the edge area with less pressure influence is to pull or push the second sensing unit 320 to deform by the force generated when the first sensing unit 310 deforms. The deformation of the second sensor 320 can transmit corresponding sensing information, and in addition, the invention utilizes the contact between the second sensor 320 and the layer surface 700 when the second sensor is deformed and transmits sensing mechanical information through the change of the contact area, thereby greatly improving the sensitivity. It should be noted that, usually, at the edge of the pressure acting area, the surface layer 700 may not deform or deform less due to weak pressure, and the second sensing unit 320 is pulled or pushed to detect the contact area with the surface layer 700 when the surface layer 700 does not deform or deforms less, and the change of the deformation and the contact area can be converted into the change of the resistance value to perform sensing, so that the pressure area and the change of the direction and magnitude of the human body pressure acting can be accurately obtained, that is, the pressure distribution of the present invention not only can accurately sense the pressure area, but also can sense the magnitude and direction of the force in the pressure acting edge area. In addition, the change of the pressure area and the force and the direction of the pressure action edge area can be converted into objective indexes of the movement ability and the activity ability of the target crowd, so that the movement ability of the target crowd can be objectively evaluated, and the pressure injury can be objectively and accurately prevented and detected.
Preferably, the pressure sensing device includes at least a facing 700. Disposed within the facing 700 are a first sensing unit 310 and a second sensing unit 320, as shown in fig. 1-3. At least one side of the second sensing unit 320 opposite the surface layer 700 is not parallel and perpendicular to the surface layer 700, as shown in fig. 1 to 3. The side of the second sensing unit 320 that is not parallel and perpendicular to the surface layer 700 can change the angle with the surface layer 700 under the force of the first sensing unit 310. By this arrangement, the non-parallel and non-perpendicular side of the second sensing unit 320 and the surface layer 700 enables the contact area of the second sensing unit 320 and the surface layer 700 to be changed, and the direction and magnitude of the force of the edge on which the pressure acts can be obtained through the change. In addition, the edge of the pressure application region is generally weak in force and the surface layer 700 may not be deformed, and the force applied by the first sensing unit 310 causes the deformation of the second sensing unit 320 and the double change of the contact area, thereby significantly improving the sensing sensitivity to the edge force and sensing the force change in the region even without the change of the surface layer 700.
Preferably, the pressure sensing device includes at least the sensor array 300 positioned between the first skin 710 and the second skin 720. The sensor array 300 includes at least a first sensing unit 310 and a second sensing unit 320. The second sensing unit 320 is configured to sense, under pressure, a change in a contact area of the second sensing unit 320 with the first skin 710 and/or the second skin 720, which is caused by a combination of a force applied to the second sensing unit 320 by the first sensing unit 310 and a deformation of the first skin 710 and/or the second skin 720. On the basis of increasing the sensing sensitivity of the edge force of the pressure acting area, the area where the pressure acts and the direction and the size of the force acting on the area by the pressure can be accurately obtained, and then the movement capacity and the activity capacity of a target crowd can be obtained or evaluated through the change of the area, the size and the direction of the pressure, so that a data basis is provided for the objective and accurate evaluation of the pressure injury.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a first connection 330 for transmitting an acting force is provided between the first sensing unit 310 and the second sensing unit 320. The first connector 330 has one end connected to the first sensing unit 310 and the other end connected to the second sensing unit 320. Preferably, one end of the first connecting member 330 is connected to the first sensing unit 310, and the other end can abut against the second sensing unit 320 when the first sensing unit 310 is deformed. Preferably, one end of the first connecting member 330 is connected to the second sensing unit 320, and the other end can abut against the first sensing unit 310 under the condition that the first sensing unit 310 is deformed. Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the first connector 330 may be disposed in a manner of surrounding the first and second sensing units 310 and 320. Preferably, the first connector 330 needs to have a certain rigidity to ensure the transmission of force. With this arrangement, the first sensing unit 310 can transmit a pulling force or a pushing force to the second sensing unit 320. Preferably, the first sensing unit 310 shown in fig. 1 is capable of generating a thrust force to the second sensing unit 320. As shown in fig. 2, the cross-section of the first sensing unit 310 is increased by the pressure, thereby generating a tensile force to the second sensing unit 320. As shown in fig. 3, under the action of the pressure, the second segment 312 of the first sensing unit 310 moves in the opposite direction of the first direction, i.e. the second direction, thereby generating a pulling force on the second sensing unit 320.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first sensing unit 310 includes at least a first segment 311 and a second segment 312. The first segment 311 is connected/in contact with the first skin 710 of the facing 700. The second segment 312 is attached to/in contact with the second skin 720 of the facing layer 700. Preferably, the first segment 311 and the second segment 312 are connected. Or the first segment 311 and the second segment 312 are integrally formed. Preferably, first segment 311 may be connected to first skin 710 by fourth connector 313. Second segment 312 may be connected to second skin 720 via fifth connection 314. By the arrangement mode, the difficulty of the manufacturing process can be reduced, and the mechanical property of the first sensor 310 can be improved.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cross-sectional area of the first segment 311 in the third direction decreases/increases along the direction from the first skin 710 to the second skin 720. Preferably, the third direction may be a direction perpendicular to the first sensing unit 310. The third direction cross-sectional area of the second segment 312 decreases/increases in the direction from the second skin 720 to the first skin 710. Preferably, the first segment 311 and the second segment 312 form notches/protrusions at least on the side walls in the first direction toward the second sensing unit 320, as shown in fig. 1 and 2. Preferably, the first sensing unit 310 may be circular, directional, or irregular in shape. Through the above arrangement, under the condition that the first sensing unit 310 is under pressure, the cross sections of the first segment 311 and the second segment 312 become larger gradually, and then certain displacement is generated in the radial direction, so as to generate an acting force, and the influence of the pressure on the surrounding area can be evaluated by sensing the acting force to the second sensing unit 320. For example, in the case that the first connecting member 330 is connected to the first sensing unit 310 and the second sensing unit 320 at two ends, respectively, the first connecting member 330 may be configured to have certain elasticity and rigidity, and only under a certain applied force, the first connecting member 330 pushes/pulls the second sensing unit 320 after being deformed to the limit. Alternatively, the first connecting member 330 has no elasticity, and the other end of the first connecting member 330 is spaced from the second sensing unit 320 by a certain distance, and only after the first sensing unit 310 is deformed to a certain degree, the first connecting member will abut against the second sensing unit 320, so as to push/pull the second sensing unit 320. At least the range of the pressure acting area of the first sensing unit 310 can be adjusted by the deformation threshold of the first connecting member 330 itself or the distance between the first connecting member 330 and the second sensing unit 320.
According to a preferred embodiment, the first sensing unit 310 senses the human body pressure through the resistance change caused by the deformation of the first segment 311 and the second segment 312. Under the condition that the first sensing unit 310 is under pressure, the first segment 311 and the second segment 312 deform so that the distance between the first surface layer 710 and the second surface layer 720 is reduced. The fourth direction cross section of the notches/projections of the first segment 311 and the second segment 312 extends in the first direction. Preferably, the fourth direction may be a direction perpendicular to the plane 700. Preferably, in the case that the side walls of the first segment 311 and the second segment 312 in at least the first direction facing the second sensing unit 320 are notched and subjected to pressure, the side walls of the first segment 311 and the second segment 312 in the first direction can at least partially fit each other, as shown in fig. 1. Through this mode of setting up, as shown in fig. 1 first sensing unit 310's first segment 311 and second segment 312 can laminate each other, and then the electric conduction area increase after the laminating, and then improved first sensing unit 310's variation range under the dual function of deformation and area. In addition, in the case that the pressure is not vertically applied, as in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the displacement of the gap variation can be further increased, that is, the radial displacement of the first segment 311 and the second segment 312 is increased, and the acting force applied to the second sensing unit 320 is further increased, so that the second sensing unit 320 can sense the acting force applied to the surrounding area in different application directions of the pressure.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the first sensing unit 310 includes at least a first segment 311 connected/contacted with the first skin 710 and a second segment 312 contacted with the second skin 720. Under the pressure of the first skin 710, the second segment 312 deforms to increase the contact area with the second skin 720. In the case that the pressure is greater than the deformation threshold of the second segment 312, the first segment 311 deforms such that the cross-sectional area of the first segment 311 in the third direction increases. In the event that the pressure continues to increase beyond the deformation threshold of the first segment 311, the second segment 312 moves along the second skin 720 such that at least one side wall of the first segment 311 contacts the second skin 720. Through the arrangement mode, sensing is carried out through deformation and contact area change in different stages, so that pressure calibration and adjustment of the pressure sensing range corresponding to conversion are facilitated. Moreover, as shown in fig. 2, when the second segment 312 slides, the pulling force applied to the first connecting member 330 is intensified, so as to amplify the acting force of the first sensing unit 310 on the second sensing unit 320, thereby improving the sensitivity of the second sensing unit 320.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the second sensing unit 320 includes at least a third segment 321 and a fourth segment 322. The third segment 321 is connected to/in contact with the first skin 710. The fourth block 322 is connected/in contact with a second skin 720. The third segment body 321 and the fourth segment body 322 form protrusions at least at sidewalls in the second direction toward the first sensing unit 310.
According to a preferred embodiment, when the first sensing unit 310 transmits an acting force through the first connecting member 330, the third segment 321 and the fourth segment 322 are deformed to increase/decrease an included angle between the third segment 321 and the fourth segment 322, so that at least one side wall of the third segment 321 and/or the fourth segment 322 can contact the deformed or undeformed surface layer 700. With this arrangement, when the layer 700 is deformed, the third segment 323 and the fourth segment 324 are not parallel or perpendicular to the layer 700, and therefore can contact at least the layer 700, so that the magnitude and direction of the force applied by the pressure to the edge area can be obtained by the change in resistance due to the change in the area of contact. Under the condition that the layer 700 is not deformed, the third segment 323 and the fourth segment 324 can be deformed by the first connector 330, and then can move towards the first surface layer 710 and/or the second surface layer 720, and further contact with the first surface layer 710 and/or the second surface layer 720, so that the magnitude and the direction of the acting force of the pressure on the surrounding area can be obtained through the resistance value change caused by the contact area.
Preferably, third segment 321 is connected to first skin 710 via second connector 323. The fourth segment 322 is connected to the second skin 720 by the third connecting member 324. With this arrangement, the second and third connecting members 323 and 324 can be deformed as the angle between the third and fourth bodies 321 and 322 increases/decreases. Preferably, the second and third connecting members 323 and 324 may be square or round-like, as shown in fig. 2 and 3. Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, portions of the second and third connecting members 323 and 324 are in contact with the facing 700. The second and third coupling members 323 and 324 may be coupled to the cover 700 by elastic members. The second and third connecting members 323 and 324 can change an area contacting the face layer 700 as the angle between the third and fourth segments 321 and 322 increases/decreases. Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, when the first sensing unit 310 generates a pushing force to the second sensing unit 330 through the first connecting member 330, an angle between the third segment 321 and the fourth segment 322 is increased, and further, at least the end portions of the third segment 321 and the second connecting member 323 move upward, and at least the end portions of the fourth segment 322 and the third connecting member 324 move downward, so that the second connecting member 323 rotates toward the first skin 710 and a contact area with the first skin 710 is increased. The third connecting member 324 rotates toward the second skin 720 and the contact area with the second nominal skin 720 becomes larger.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, at least one side wall of the third segment 321 and/or the fourth segment 322 is provided with at least one protrusion 325. With this arrangement, the convex portion 325 is deformed by the layer 700, so that the contact area with the layer 700 can be increased, and the sensitivity of the second sensing unit 320 can be improved.
The present specification encompasses multiple inventive concepts and the applicant reserves the right to submit divisional applications according to each inventive concept. The present description contains several inventive concepts, such as "preferably", "according to a preferred embodiment" or "optionally", each indicating that the respective paragraph discloses a separate concept, the applicant reserves the right to submit divisional applications according to each inventive concept.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary, and that those skilled in the art, having benefit of the present disclosure, may devise various arrangements that are within the scope of the present disclosure and that fall within the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present specification and figures are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A sensor array for detecting pressure damage, characterized in that the sensor array (300) comprises at least one first sensor unit (310) for detecting pressure and at least one second sensor unit (320), a first connection (330) for transmitting an acting force is arranged between the first sensor unit (310) and the second sensor unit (320),
the deformation caused by the force or the change of the contact area with the layer surface (700) is correspondingly converted into the change of the resistance;
when the corresponding current and/or voltage of the resistance change correspondingly changes, at least information of pressure, pressure area, direction and magnitude of acting force generated by the first sensing unit (310) due to the pressure and the range of acting area is obtained.
2. The pressure damage detection sensor array according to claim 1, wherein the second sensing unit (320) is configured to sense a force applied to the second sensing unit (320) by the first sensing unit (310) under pressure and a change in a contact area between the second sensing unit (320) and the surface layer (700) caused by a deformation of the surface layer (700).
3. The pressure damage detection sensor array according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in a case where both ends of the first connecting member (330) are connected to the first sensing unit (310) and the second sensing unit (310), respectively, the first connecting member (310) is configured to have certain elasticity and rigidity, and only in a case where a certain force is applied, the first connecting member (310) pushes/pulls the second sensing unit (310) after being deformed to a limit.
4. The pressure damage detection sensor array according to claim 1 or 2,
the first connecting member (330) has no elasticity, one end of the first connecting member (330) is connected with the second sensing unit (320),
the other end of the first connecting piece (330) is at a certain distance from the second sensing unit (320), and the first connecting piece (330) pushes/pulls the second sensing unit (320) only after the first sensing unit (310) deforms to a certain degree.
5. The pressure damage detection sensor array according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first sensing unit (310) includes at least a first segment (311) and a second segment (312), and the first sensing unit (310) senses the human body pressure through a resistance change caused by deformation of the first segment (311) and the second segment (312);
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first segment (311) is connected to/in contact with a first skin (710) of a facing (700), the second segment (312) is connected to/in contact with a second skin (720) of the facing (700), wherein,
under the condition that the first sensing unit (310) bears pressure, the first section body (311) and the second section body (312) deform, so that the distance between the first surface layer (710) and the second surface layer (720) is reduced;
a fourth-direction cross section of the notch/protrusion of the first segment (311) and the second segment (312) extends in a first direction; the fourth direction is the direction perpendicular to the deck (700).
6. The pressure damage detection sensor array according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein when the first segment (311) and the second segment (312) are subjected to pressure with a notch formed at least in a side wall facing the second sensing unit (320) in the first direction,
the side walls of the first segment (311) and the second segment (312) in the first direction can at least partially fit each other,
the conductive area of the first section (311) and the second section (312) is increased after the first section and the second section are attached, and the variation range of the first sensing unit (310) is increased under the dual effects of deformation and area;
the radial displacement of the first segment (311) and the second segment (312) after the fitting is increased, and the acting force applied to the second sensing unit (320) is intensified.
7. The pressure damage detection sensor array according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a cross-sectional area of the first segment (311) in the third direction decreases/increases in a direction from the first surface layer (710) to the second surface layer (720);
the cross-sectional area of the second segment (312) in the third direction decreases/increases in the direction from the second skin (720) to the first skin (710).
8. The pressure damage detection sensor array according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first segment (311) and the second segment (312) of the first sensor unit (310) form a notch/protrusion at least on a side wall in the first direction toward the second sensor unit (320),
under the condition that the first sensing unit (310) bears pressure, the cross section of the first section body (311) and the cross section of the second section body (312) become larger gradually, certain displacement is generated in the radial direction of the first section body and the second section body, and therefore acting force is generated, and the first sensing unit (310) senses the acting force to the second sensing unit (320).
9. The pressure damage detection sensor array according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the second sensing unit (320) comprises at least a third segment (321) and a fourth segment (322), wherein,
under the condition that the first sensing unit (310) transmits acting force through the first connecting piece (330), the third section body (321) and the fourth section body (322) are deformed to increase/decrease the included angle between the third section body (321) and the fourth section body (322), so that the side wall of at least one side of the third section body (321) and/or the fourth section body (322) can contact the deformed or undeformed surface layer (700).
10. The pressure damage detection sensor array of claim 9, wherein the third segment (321) is connected to the first skin (710) by a second connection (323),
the fourth section (322) is connected with the second surface layer (720) through a third connecting piece (324),
portions of the second connecting member (323) and the third connecting member (324) are in contact with the facing (700),
the second connecting piece (323) and the third connecting piece (324) can change the contact area with the surface layer (700) along with the increase/decrease of the angle between the third section body (321) and the fourth section body (322).
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| CN114705330B (en) | 2023-02-03 |
| CN112304476B (en) | 2022-02-25 |
| CN114563116B (en) | 2023-02-03 |
| CN114705330A (en) | 2022-07-05 |
| CN112304476A (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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