CN114563024A - Novel photoelectric encoder code disc element and code reading element - Google Patents

Novel photoelectric encoder code disc element and code reading element Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114563024A
CN114563024A CN202210237503.5A CN202210237503A CN114563024A CN 114563024 A CN114563024 A CN 114563024A CN 202210237503 A CN202210237503 A CN 202210237503A CN 114563024 A CN114563024 A CN 114563024A
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China
Prior art keywords
code
code reading
photosensitive assembly
photosensitive
disc
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Pending
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CN202210237503.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘万更
李本一
高岩松
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Chaoyang Jiahua Electronics Co ltd
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Chaoyang Jiahua Electronics Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210237503.5A priority Critical patent/CN114563024A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
    • G01D5/3473Circular or rotary encoders
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/264Mechanical constructional elements therefor ; Mechanical adjustment thereof

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optical Transform (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a novel code disc element and a code reading element of a photoelectric encoder, wherein the code disc element is a metal code disc, the metal code disc is provided with a plurality of coding regions and a plurality of reinforcing regions, the coding regions and the reinforcing regions are equidistantly arranged in the circumferential direction of the metal code disc, and the angles of the coding regions and the reinforcing regions are both 45 degrees; the code reading element is a light detector, the light detector comprises a photosensitive fixing frame, a first photosensitive assembly is arranged at one end of the photosensitive fixing frame, a second photosensitive assembly is arranged at the other end of the photosensitive fixing frame, and the first photosensitive assembly and the second photosensitive assembly form an included angle of 45 degrees.

Description

Code disc element and code reading element of photoelectric encoder
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric displacement precision measurement equipment, in particular to a novel code disc element and a code reading element of a photoelectric encoder.
Background
The photoelectric encoder is a digital angular position sensor integrating light collection, machine and electricity into one body, which can convert the mechanical geometric displacement on the output shaft into pulse or digital quantity by means of photoelectric conversion. The photoelectric encoder consists of a grating code disc element and a photoelectric detection code reading element. The device has wide measurement range and is widely applied to various fields such as photoelectric theodolite, radar, aerospace, robots, numerical control machines, commanders, high-precision closed-loop speed regulation systems and the like. In the fields of aerospace, military and industry, which have strict requirements on the volume and weight of devices, the requirements on the photoelectric encoder are not only to reduce the outer diameter size and weight thereof, but also to improve the resolution and precision of the photoelectric encoder. Therefore, it is a popular study to reduce the size of the code wheel and to improve the resolution and the angle measurement accuracy of the photoelectric encoder.
In order to pursue higher accuracy, the code disc is excessively hollowed, so that the intensity of the code disc is low, after the code disc is used for a period of time, the code disc is easy to deform due to high rotating speed or severe working environment, or chattering is generated in the operation process, so that the accuracy of the photoelectric encoder is reduced, and even the encoder cannot work normally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel code disc element and a code reading element of a photoelectric encoder, aiming at solving the technical problems that the mechanical strength is reduced due to more hollow-out code discs proposed in the background technology, the code discs are easy to deform, or the precision of the photoelectric encoder is reduced due to the vibration generated in the operation process, and even the encoder cannot work normally.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a code disc element and a code reading element of a novel photoelectric encoder are provided, wherein the code disc element is a metal code disc, the metal code disc is provided with a plurality of coding regions and a plurality of reinforcing regions, the coding regions and the reinforcing regions are equidistantly arranged in the circumferential direction of the metal code disc, a plurality of gray code hollows are arranged in the coding regions, a plurality of reinforcing regions are provided with one gray code hollow, and the angles of the coding regions and the reinforcing regions are 45 degrees; the code reading element is a light detector which comprises a photosensitive fixing frame, a first photosensitive assembly is arranged at one end of the photosensitive fixing frame, a second photosensitive assembly is arranged at the other end of the photosensitive fixing frame, the first photosensitive assembly and the second photosensitive assembly are arranged at 45-degree included angles, and the lower end of the first photosensitive assembly and the lower end of the second photosensitive assembly are all directed to a rotating shaft of the metal code disc.
Furthermore, the coding region is respectively a second code channel to an eleventh code channel from inside to outside and is used for representing a ten-digit gray code.
Furthermore, a first code channel is arranged inside the enhanced region and used for distinguishing whether the region is the coding region or the enhanced region.
Furthermore, one side of the reinforcing area is provided with a reinforcing inclined plane.
Furthermore, a reinforcing groove is formed in the other side of the reinforcing area.
Furthermore, the middle part of the metal coded disc is provided with a locking hole, and one end of the locking hole is provided with a locking pin.
Furthermore, a plurality of first code reading units are arranged in the middle of the first photosensitive assembly, and the positions of the plurality of first code reading units respectively correspond to the second code channel to the eleventh code channel.
Furthermore, a plurality of second code reading units are arranged in the middle of the second photosensitive assembly, the positions of the second code reading units correspond to second to eleventh code channels respectively, a third code reading unit is arranged at the lower end of the second photosensitive assembly, and the position of the third code reading unit corresponds to the first code channel.
Furthermore, when the signal read by the third code reading unit is "1", a plurality of second code reading units are located in the reinforcement area, and a plurality of first code reading units are located in the coding area, so that the angle data of the code disc can be correctly read; when the signal read by the third code reading unit is '0', the plurality of first code reading units are located in the reinforcement area, the plurality of second code reading units are located in the coding area, and the read code disc angle data is added with the included angle degree of the first photosensitive assembly and the second photosensitive assembly, namely the correct code disc angle.
Further, when the metal code wheel rotates anticlockwise, the included angle degree between the first photosensitive assembly and the second photosensitive assembly is 45 degrees, and when the metal code wheel rotates clockwise, the included angle degree between the first photosensitive assembly and the second photosensitive assembly is-45 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the mechanical strength of the code wheel element is increased on the basis of not reducing the accuracy of the traditional Gray code metal code wheel by reducing the hollow part of the code wheel on the basis of the traditional Gray code metal code wheel and matching with a code reading element with a plurality of groups of photosensitive sensors through an innovative algorithm.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram A of the external structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram B of the external structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the external structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the external structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of the metal code wheel structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal code disc of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a photodetector configuration of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic front view of a photodetector structure according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a metal code disc; 11. a coding region; 12. a reinforcement region; 121. reinforcing the inclined plane; 122. reinforcing the grooves; 13. a locking hole; 131. a locking pin; 2. a photodetector; 21. a photosensitive fixing frame; 22. a first photosensitive element; 221. a first code reading unit; 23. a second photosensitive element; 231. a second code reading unit; 232. and a third code reading unit.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration, various embodiments of the invention which may be practiced in different forms and not limited to the embodiments described herein, but on the contrary, the embodiments are provided so as to provide a more thorough and complete disclosure of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may be present, and when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present, as the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and the like are used herein for descriptive purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, and the knowledge of the terms used herein in the specification of the present invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention, and the term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the embodiment, please refer to fig. 1-2 again, a novel optical encoder code disc element and a code reading element are disclosed, the code disc element is a metal code disc 1, the metal code disc 1 is provided with a plurality of coding regions 11 and a plurality of reinforcing regions 12, the coding regions 11 and the reinforcing regions 12 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the metal code disc 1, a plurality of gray code hollows are arranged in the coding regions 11, a plurality of reinforcing regions 12 are provided with a gray code hollow, and the angles of the coding regions 11 and the reinforcing regions 12 are both 45 °; the code reading element is a light detector 2, the light detector 2 comprises a photosensitive fixing frame 21, a first photosensitive assembly 22 is arranged at one end of the photosensitive fixing frame 21, a second photosensitive assembly 23 is arranged at the other end of the photosensitive fixing frame 21, the first photosensitive assembly 22 and the second photosensitive assembly 23 are arranged at 45-degree included angles, and the lower end of the first photosensitive assembly 22 and the lower end of the second photosensitive assembly 23 both point to the rotating shaft of the metal code disc 1.
In the embodiment, please refer to fig. 1-2 again, the coding region 11 is the second to the eleventh code channel from inside to outside respectively, which is used to represent the ten-digit gray code.
In the embodiment, please refer to fig. 3 again, a first code channel is disposed inside the enhanced region 12 for distinguishing whether the region is the coding region 11 or the enhanced region 12.
In the embodiment, please refer to fig. 3 again, one side of the reinforcement area 12 is provided with a reinforcement bevel 121, and this design further enhances the mechanical strength of the metal code wheel 1 through the reinforcement bevel 121.
In the embodiment, please refer to fig. 4 again, the other side of the reinforcing area 12 is provided with a reinforcing groove 122, and this design reduces the weight of the metal code wheel 1 through the reinforcing groove 122, thereby reducing the inertia of the metal code wheel 1 and making the data more accurate.
In the embodiment, please refer to fig. 5 again, the middle part of the metal code wheel 1 is provided with a locking hole 13, one end of the locking hole 13 is provided with a locking pin 131, and the design fixes the metal code wheel 1 on the rotating shaft by matching the locking hole 13 with the locking pin 131, so as to avoid data inaccuracy caused by code wheel shaking.
In the embodiment, please refer to fig. 6 again, the middle of the first photosensitive element 22 is provided with a plurality of first code reading units 221, the positions of the plurality of first code reading units 221 respectively correspond to the second to eleventh code channels, and the design reads the data of the ten-bit gray code through the cooperation of the plurality of first code reading units 221.
In the embodiment, please refer to fig. 6 again, a plurality of second code reading units 231 are disposed in the middle of the second photosensitive element 23, the positions of the second code reading units 231 correspond to the second to eleventh code channels, respectively, a third code reading unit 232 is disposed at the lower end of the second photosensitive element 23, and the position of the third code reading unit 232 corresponds to the first code channel, in this design, the second code reading units 231 are used to read the ten-bit gray code data in a matching manner, and the third code reading unit 232 is used to read the data of the first code channel.
In the embodiment, please refer to fig. 7 again, when the signal read by the third code reading unit 232 is "1", the plurality of second code reading units 231 are located in the enhanced region 12, and the plurality of first code reading units 221 are located in the encoded region 11, so that the angle data of the code wheel can be read correctly; when the signal read by the third code reading unit 232 is "0", the plurality of first code reading units 221 are located in the reinforced area 12, the plurality of second code reading units 231 are located in the encoded area 11, and the read code wheel angle data plus the included angle degree of the first photosensitive assembly 22 and the second photosensitive assembly 23, that is, the correct code wheel angle, passes the design.
In the embodiment, please refer to fig. 8 again, when the metal code wheel 1 rotates counterclockwise, the angle between the first photosensitive element 22 and the second photosensitive element 23 is 45 °, and when the metal code wheel 1 rotates clockwise, the angle between the first photosensitive element 22 and the second photosensitive element 23 is-45 °.
The invention is described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is within the scope of the invention to adopt such insubstantial modifications of the inventive method concept and solution, or to apply the inventive concept and solution directly to other applications without modification.

Claims (10)

1. A novel photoelectric encoder code disc element and code reading element is characterized in that: the coded disc element is a metal coded disc (1), the metal coded disc (1) is provided with a plurality of coding regions (11) and a plurality of reinforcing regions (12), the coding regions (11) and the reinforcing regions (12) are arranged in the circumferential direction of the metal coded disc (1) at equal intervals, a plurality of gray code hollows are arranged in the coding regions (11), one gray code hollow is arranged in the reinforcing regions (12), and the angles of the coding regions (11) and the reinforcing regions (12) are 45 degrees; the code reading element is a light detector (2), the light detector (2) comprises a photosensitive fixing frame (21), one end of the photosensitive fixing frame (21) is provided with a first photosensitive assembly (22), the other end of the photosensitive fixing frame (21) is provided with a second photosensitive assembly (23), the first photosensitive assembly (22) and the second photosensitive assembly (23) are arranged at 45-degree included angles, and the lower end of the first photosensitive assembly (22) and the lower end of the second photosensitive assembly (23) point to the rotating shaft of the metal coded disc (1).
2. The code wheel element and the code reading element of the novel photoelectric encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the coding region (11) is respectively provided with a second code channel, a third code channel, a fourth code channel, a fifth code channel and a sixth code channel from inside to outside and is used for representing a ten-digit gray code.
3. The code wheel element and the code reading element of the novel photoelectric encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a first code channel is arranged inside the reinforced area (12) and is used for distinguishing whether the area is the coding area (11) or the reinforced area (12).
4. The code wheel element and the code reading element of the novel photoelectric encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: one side of the reinforcing area (12) is provided with a reinforcing inclined plane (121).
5. A novel optical-electrical encoder code wheel element and code reading element according to claim 1, characterized in that: the other side of the reinforcing area (12) is provided with a reinforcing groove (122).
6. The code wheel element and the code reading element of the novel photoelectric encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the middle part of the metal coded disc (1) is provided with a locking hole (13), and one end of the locking hole (13) is provided with a locking pin (131).
7. The code wheel element and the code reading element of the novel photoelectric encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the middle part of the first photosensitive assembly (22) is provided with a plurality of first code reading units (221), and the positions of the first code reading units (221) respectively correspond to second to eleventh code channels.
8. The code wheel element and the code reading element of the novel photoelectric encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the middle part of the second photosensitive assembly (23) is provided with a plurality of second code reading units (231), the positions of the second code reading units (231) correspond to second to eleventh code channels respectively, the lower end of the second photosensitive assembly (23) is provided with a third code reading unit (232), and the position of the third code reading unit (232) corresponds to the first code channel.
9. A novel optical-to-electrical encoder code wheel element and code reading element as claimed in claims 1-8, wherein: when the signal read by the third code reading unit (232) is 1, a plurality of second code reading units (231) are positioned in the reinforced area (12), a plurality of first code reading units (221) are positioned in the encoding area (11), and angle data of a code disc can be correctly read; when the signal read by the third code reading unit (232) is '0', a plurality of first code reading units (221) are positioned in the reinforced area (12), a plurality of second code reading units (231) are positioned in the encoding area (11), and the read code disc angle data is added with the included angle degree of the first photosensitive assembly (22) and the second photosensitive assembly (23), namely the correct code disc angle.
10. The code wheel element and the code reading element of the novel photoelectric encoder as claimed in claim 9, wherein: when the metal coded disc (1) rotates anticlockwise, the included angle degree of the first photosensitive assembly (22) and the second photosensitive assembly (23) is 45 degrees, and when the metal coded disc (1) rotates clockwise, the included angle degree of the first photosensitive assembly (22) and the second photosensitive assembly (23) is-45 degrees.
CN202210237503.5A 2022-03-10 2022-03-10 Novel photoelectric encoder code disc element and code reading element Pending CN114563024A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2733750Y (en) * 2003-06-05 2005-10-12 中国科学院高能物理研究所 An all metal coded disk
CN2803101Y (en) * 2005-05-25 2006-08-09 金顿科技股份有限公司 Improved structure of rotary dining disk
CN202284955U (en) * 2011-10-24 2012-06-27 曹向峰 Metal coded disc with light-transmitting code channels connected with reinforcing ribs
CN105240314A (en) * 2015-10-12 2016-01-13 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Centrifugal fan impeller
CN106352904A (en) * 2016-09-19 2017-01-25 上海未来伙伴机器人有限公司 Photoelectric encoder coded disc, photoelectric detection device, photoelectric encoder and robot
CN107091655A (en) * 2017-05-18 2017-08-25 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 A kind of absolute optical encoder code-disc and absolute optical encoder

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2733750Y (en) * 2003-06-05 2005-10-12 中国科学院高能物理研究所 An all metal coded disk
CN2803101Y (en) * 2005-05-25 2006-08-09 金顿科技股份有限公司 Improved structure of rotary dining disk
CN202284955U (en) * 2011-10-24 2012-06-27 曹向峰 Metal coded disc with light-transmitting code channels connected with reinforcing ribs
CN105240314A (en) * 2015-10-12 2016-01-13 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Centrifugal fan impeller
CN106352904A (en) * 2016-09-19 2017-01-25 上海未来伙伴机器人有限公司 Photoelectric encoder coded disc, photoelectric detection device, photoelectric encoder and robot
CN107091655A (en) * 2017-05-18 2017-08-25 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 A kind of absolute optical encoder code-disc and absolute optical encoder

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