CN114562675A - Metal storage cabin for storing liquid hydrogen and liquid helium - Google Patents
Metal storage cabin for storing liquid hydrogen and liquid helium Download PDFInfo
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- CN114562675A CN114562675A CN202210167874.0A CN202210167874A CN114562675A CN 114562675 A CN114562675 A CN 114562675A CN 202210167874 A CN202210167874 A CN 202210167874A CN 114562675 A CN114562675 A CN 114562675A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/04—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/08—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
- F17C3/085—Cryostats
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0308—Radiation shield
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0325—Aerogel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0329—Foam
- F17C2203/0333—Polyurethane
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0337—Granular
- F17C2203/0341—Perlite
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0345—Fibres
- F17C2203/035—Glass wool
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0375—Thermal insulations by gas
- F17C2203/0379—Inert
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0639—Steels
- F17C2203/0643—Stainless steels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Abstract
The invention provides a metal storage cabin for storing liquid hydrogen and liquid helium, which comprises a metal outer tank, a low-temperature resin daub layer, a first supporting plate, a first insulating cold insulation plate, a first metal shielding film, a second insulating cold insulation plate, a second supporting plate, a second metal shielding film, a cold screen layer, an interlayer space, a third insulating cold insulation plate and a metal inner tank. The invention adopts the combination of cold screen solid heat conduction and utilizes the evaporation of the cold screen to improve the heat insulation efficiency, reduce the evaporation rate and ensure the storage time of liquefied gas in the storage tank, and the standard cold screen, the standard insulating cold-proof box and the standard metal plate all adopt modular prefabricated structures, thereby being suitable for hydrogen storage tanks with different sizes and improving the installation efficiency; the storage safety of the liquid hydrogen and the liquid helium is improved, the insulating and cold-keeping performance is improved by adopting a cold screen layer heat insulation mode, the storage time of the liquid hydrogen and the liquid helium is prolonged, and meanwhile, the natural evaporation rate of the liquid hydrogen and the liquid helium is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cryogenic refrigeration liquefied gas storage devices, and particularly relates to a metal storage cabin for storing liquid hydrogen and liquid helium.
Background
Cryogenic containers can be divided into, according to their method of insulation: 1 a container with a common heat insulation structure, which is used for storing and transporting liquefied natural gas and a large amount of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen. 2 high vacuum heat insulation container, which is generally made into small size and is only used for storing and transporting liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen and liquid argon. 3 vacuum powder heat-insulating and vacuum fibre heat-insulating container, said container can be used for storing and transporting liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen and liquid hydrogen. 4 vacuum multi-layer heat-insulating container and container with liquid hydrogen screen or conducting screen for storage and transportation of liquid hydrogen and liquid helium, especially liquid helium container generally has protective screen. The latter three vessels are commonly referred to as dewar vessels. The Dewar type container is composed of two or more layers of metal shells which are concentrically arranged, the innermost layer is called an inner container which is used for storing low-temperature liquid, and the outermost layer is called a shell. The heat insulating interlayer is arranged between the inner container and the shell, and heat insulating materials are filled in the heat insulating interlayer or a protective screen is filled in the heat insulating interlayer. In addition to the four cryogenic vessels described above, an underground storage tank may be employed for the liquefied natural gas. The underground storage tank can adopt a concrete structure, and an internal heat insulation structure is adopted; the soil surrounding the receptacle may also be frozen by freezing to form an insulated enclosure. The underground storage tank has the advantages of good safety and economy, and can improve the utilization rate of land.
Cryogenic containers can be classified into stationary types for storage and transport types for transportation. The transport container is divided into land transportation, water transportation and air transportation. The combination of land transportation and transportation means is called a tank car, which has two types, i.e. trailer car or trolley car traction and railway tank car.
In addition, the invention discloses a combined anti-freezing liquefied gas storage tank with the Chinese patent publication number of CN207364637U, and the invention provides a combined anti-freezing liquefied gas storage tank which comprises a fixed heat-preservation heating furnace, wherein the fixed heat-preservation heating furnace and a movable heat-preservation heating furnace are fixedly connected through a fixed buckle and a movable hinge, the outer wall of the movable heat-preservation heating furnace is sequentially provided with a control button and a liquid crystal display screen from left to right, and the outer wall of a base arranged below the fixed heat-preservation heating furnace is provided with a charging interface. However, the existing storage tank for liquid hydrogen and liquid helium has the problems of higher natural evaporation rate of liquid hydrogen and liquid helium, poorer heat insulation effect and lower safety.
In view of the above, it is highly desirable to develop a metal storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen and liquid helium.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a metal storage cabin for storing liquid hydrogen and liquid helium, which aims to solve the problems of high natural evaporation rate, poor heat insulation effect and low safety of the liquid hydrogen and the liquid helium in the conventional storage tank for the liquid hydrogen and the liquid helium.
A metal storage cabin for storing liquid hydrogen and liquid helium comprises an outer metal tank, a low-temperature resin daub layer, a first supporting plate, a first insulating cold insulation plate, a first metal shielding film, a second insulating cold insulation plate, a second supporting plate, a second metal shielding film, a cold screen layer, an interlayer space, a third insulating cold insulation plate and an inner metal tank, wherein the outer metal tank is an outermost side structure of the metal cabin and is formed by mutually assembling and welding metal plates into a complete closed container structure or a part of a ship shell structure; the first supporting plate is fixed on the inner surface of the metal steel plate of the metal outer tank in a sticking way by the low-temperature resin daub layer; the first insulating cold-insulation plate is in a prefabricated standard block form and is fixedly adhered to the inner surface of the first supporting plate through resin glue, and a gap generated between two adjacent insulating cold-insulation plates can be filled with flexible insulation or rigid insulation; the first metal shielding film is fixed on the inner surface of the first insulating cold-preserving plate by resin glue in a sticking way to form a complete closed structure to play a role in protection; the second insulating cold-keeping plate is in a prefabricated standard block form and is fixedly adhered to the inner surface of the first metal shielding film through resin glue, and a gap generated between two adjacent insulating cold-keeping plates can be filled with flexible insulation or rigid insulation; the outer surface of the second support plate is fixedly adhered to the inner surface of the second insulating cold-keeping plate through resin glue; the second metal shielding film is fixed on the inner surface of the second supporting plate in a resin glue pasting or mechanical piece coupling mode or is connected and fixed on the inner surface of the second supporting plate in a mode of embedding an anchoring strip in the second supporting plate in advance or welding a clamping tongue;
the cold shield layer is mechanically fixed with the second metal shielding film and the second support plate; the interlayer space is formed by the inner surface of the second metal shielding film and the outer surface of the third insulating cold insulation plate, the cold shielding layer is positioned in the interlayer space, and the part of the rest space except the cold shielding layer in the interlayer space can be filled with perlite cold insulation materials or inert gases; the third insulating cold-keeping plate is fixed on the outer surface of the metal inner tank by resin glue; the metal inner tank is a complete closed main container formed by mutually splicing and welding metal plates.
Preferably, the thickness of the metal plate of the metal outer tank ranges from 5mm to 50mm, the metal outer tank is in a polyhedral structure form, the material can be assembled and welded into a complete closed structure by carbon steel, stainless steel, 9% nickel steel, invar steel or aluminum alloy, and the closed structure can be a part of a ship shell structure.
Preferably, the first support plate is fixed on the inner surface of the first metal outer tank metal plate by the low-temperature resin daub layer.
Preferably, the first support plate, the first insulating and cold-insulating plate, the first metal shielding film, the second insulating and cold-insulating plate and the second support plate can be assembled into a standard insulating and cold-insulating block in advance, the standard insulating and cold-insulating block is fixed on the inner surface of the first metal outer tank metal plate in a stud and resin cement bonding mode, a gap formed by two adjacent insulating and cold-insulating blocks is filled with flexible or rigid cold-insulating materials, and the first metal shielding film between the two adjacent insulating and cold-insulating blocks is bonded through resin glue to form a complete closed structure.
Preferably, the thickness of the first metal shielding film is a metal sheet with the thickness of 0.3mm-1.5mm, glass wire mesh cloth is adhered to two surfaces of the metal sheet in advance, the first metal shielding film is adhered to the inner surface of the first insulating cold-keeping plate through resin glue, two adjacent first metal shielding films are fixed on the inner surface of the first insulating cold-keeping plate together in a mutual lap joint adhesion mode to form a closed plane structure, the closed plane structure and the metal outer tank form a closed space structure, and inert protective gas is filled inside the closed plane structure.
Preferably, the cold screen layer is formed by assembling and welding a plurality of prefabricated standard cooling liquid walls or cooling gas walls, the materials can be plates or pipelines made of stainless steel, 9% nickel steel, invar steel or aluminum alloy, the plates or the pipelines are assembled and welded to form the low-temperature wall with the closed space structure, the low-temperature wall can be designed into different shapes, and a monitoring instrument system is arranged in the low-temperature wall.
Preferably, the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are 1mm-50mm thick, the supporting plate is at least one of low temperature resistant plywood, a glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyether ether ketone and a metal sheet, and the first insulating cold insulation plate 4 and the second insulating cold insulation plate are respectively bonded with resin glue to reinforce the strength of the insulating cold insulation plate.
Preferably, the thickness of the first insulating and cold-insulating plate and the second insulating and cold-insulating plate ranges from 100mm to 600mm, the first insulating and cold-insulating plate and the second insulating and cold-insulating plate are made of common polyurethane foam blocks or reinforced polyurethane foam blocks, and the first insulating and cold-insulating plate and the second insulating and cold-insulating plate can also be insulating and cold-insulating boxes filled in boxes by glass wool, pearlife, aerogel, high-vacuum heat-insulating plates and vacuum glass beads.
Preferably, the thickness of the second metal shielding film is 0.5mm-2.0mm, the material can be a plate made of stainless steel, 9% nickel steel, invar steel or aluminum alloy, the second metal shielding film is connected with an anchoring strip or a clamping tongue embedded in the second supporting plate in a welding mode and fixed on the second supporting plate, a gap exists between the second metal shielding film and the second supporting plate, two adjacent second metal shielding films are spliced, lapped and welded to form a complete plane, a closed space structure is formed between the complete plane and the first metal shielding film, and inert protective gas is filled inside the closed space structure.
Preferably, said is a preferred embodiment; the second metal shielding film can also be a metal sheet with the thickness of 0.3mm-1.5mm, glass wire mesh cloth is pasted on two surfaces of the second metal shielding film in advance, the second metal shielding film is fixed on the inner surface of the second supporting plate in a bonding mode, and two adjacent second metal shielding films are overlapped and bonded with each other to form a closed structure and are integrally bonded and fixed on the inner surface of the second supporting plate through resin glue.
Preferably, the interlayer space is internally provided with a cold flat layer, perlite cold insulation materials or inert gas, the whole interlayer space is in a cold insulation state or an inert gas filling state, and an instrument monitoring system is designed in the space.
Preferably, the thickness range of the third insulating cold-insulation plate is 100mm-800mm, the third insulating cold-insulation plate is made of polyurethane foam, the third insulating cold-insulation plate can be preprocessed into a standard block form by adopting a field spraying mode or a workshop, the third insulating cold-insulation plate is adhered to the metal inner tank through resin glue, fiber mesh cloth is installed on the metal inner tank before spraying, and a certain expansion and contraction gap is reserved in a certain area range.
Preferably, the thickness range of the metal inner tank is 5-50mm, at least one of a stainless steel plate, a 9% nickel steel plate, an invar steel plate or an aluminum alloy plate is adopted to be manufactured into a complete closed main container through splicing and welding, and the main container is used for storing liquid hydrogen and liquid helium.
Preferably, the first insulating cold-keeping plate and the first metal shielding film may be omitted, and the first support plate, the second insulating cold-keeping plate, the second support plate and the second metal shielding film may be pre-assembled into a standard insulating cold-keeping block, and the thickness of the standard insulating cold-keeping block is 100mm-1200 mm.
Preferably, as an optimal mode, a supporting plate can be additionally arranged between the first insulating cold-keeping plate and the first metal shielding film, the first metal shielding film can be directly bonded or welded and connected with an anchoring strip or a clamping tongue embedded in the supporting plate in advance to be fixed on the supporting plate, the thickness range is 1mm-50mm, and the supporting plate is made of at least one of low-temperature-resistant plywood, a glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyether ether ketone and a metal thin plate.
Preferably, a gap of 0.5mm-2mm is arranged between the second supporting plate and the second supporting plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the metal storage cabin for storing the liquid hydrogen and the liquid helium is a normal-pressure container with a cold shield, the pressure is generally below 0.1Mpa, and compared with a high-pressure storage cabin, the metal storage cabin is safer and has higher energy density;
the metal storage cabin for storing the liquid hydrogen and the liquid helium is a diamond-column-shaped container, is attached to the shape of a ship body, and can store more low-temperature liquefied gas in the same ship body shell compared with a spherical storage tank and a pressure container;
this metal storage cabin of storage liquid hydrogen and liquid helium is one kind and has cold screen storage cabin, adopts cold screen solid heat conduction to combine, utilizes the evaporation of cold screen, has improved adiabatic efficiency, further reduces the evaporation rate, guarantees the storage time of liquefied gas in the storage tank, and the cold screen of standard liquid nitrogen, standard insulating cold insulation case all adopt the modularization prefabricated construction with the standard metal sheet, are applicable to not unidimensional hydrogen storage tank, and reduce cost improves the installation effectiveness.
The invention not only improves the storage safety of the liquid hydrogen and the liquid helium, adopts a cold screen layer heat insulation mode, improves the insulation and cold insulation performance of the traditional storage and transportation device, improves the storage time of the liquid hydrogen and the liquid helium in the metal cabin, simultaneously greatly reduces the natural evaporation rate of the liquid hydrogen and the liquid helium, and related materials can be produced in a factory prefabrication mode, thereby reducing the construction workload, shortening the construction period, improving the equipment safety and realizing the concept of environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial detail of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a standard thermal insulating block;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross structure of a standard insulating and cold insulating block anchoring strip;
FIG. 5 is a cross-shaped schematic view of the anchor strip of the standard insulating and cold-insulating block;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a latch structure of a standard insulating and cooling block;
in the figure:
a metal outer can; 2. a low temperature resin mastic layer; 3. a first support plate; 4. a first insulating cold-preserving plate; 5. a first metal shielding film; 6. a second insulating cold-insulating plate; 7. a second support plate; 8. a second metal shielding film; 9. a cold screen layer; 10. an interlayer space; 11. a third insulating cold-keeping plate; 12. and (4) a metal inner tank.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example (b):
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a metal storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen and liquid helium, comprising an outer metal tank 1, a low temperature resin cement layer 2, a first support plate 3, a first insulating and cold-insulating plate 4, a first metal shielding film 5, a second insulating and cold-insulating plate 6, a second support plate 7, a second metal shielding film 8, a cold shield layer 9, an interlayer space 10, a third insulating and cold-insulating plate 11 and an inner metal tank 12,
the metal outer tank 1 is an outermost side structure of the metal cabin, is a complete closed container structure formed by mutually assembling and welding metal plates, and can also be a part of a ship shell structure; the low-temperature resin cement layer 2 is used for sticking and fixing the first support plate 3 on the inner surface of the metal steel plate of the metal outer tank 1, and meanwhile, the flatness of the metal outer tank 1 is difficult to control in the welding process, and a construction plane which is actually and theoretically combined is established for the first support plate 3, the first insulating and cold-insulating plate 4, the first metal shielding film 5, the second insulating and cold-insulating plate 6, the second support plate 7 and the second metal shielding film 8 by a resin cement leveling method; the first insulating cold-keeping plate 4 is in a prefabricated standard block form and is fixed on the inner surface of the first supporting plate 3 by resin glue in a sticking way, and a gap generated between two adjacent insulating cold-keeping plates can be filled with flexible insulation or rigid insulation; the first metal shielding film 5 is fixed on the inner surface of the first insulating cold-preserving plate 4 by resin glue in a sticking way to form a complete closed structure to play a role in protection; the second insulating cold-keeping plate 6 is in a prefabricated standard block form and is fixedly adhered to the inner surface of the first metal shielding film 5 through resin glue, and a gap generated between two adjacent insulating cold-keeping plates can be filled with flexible insulation or rigid insulation; the outer surface of the second supporting plate 7 is fixedly adhered to the inner surface of the second insulating and cold-insulating plate 6 through resin glue, and a gap of 0.5mm-2mm is arranged between the second supporting plate 7 and the second supporting plate 7; a gap of 0.5mm-2mm is arranged between the second supporting plate 7 and the second supporting plate 7;
the second metal shielding film 8 is fixed on the inner surface of the second supporting plate 7 in a resin glue pasting or mechanical piece coupling mode or is connected and fixed on the inner surface of the second supporting plate 7 in a mode of embedding an anchoring strip or clamping tongue welding in the second supporting plate 7 in advance; a complete closed structure is formed to play a role in protection; the cold screen layer 9 is a complete cold screen layer formed by splicing a plurality of prefabricated standard cold screen walls or cold screen groups, low-temperature freezing liquid or stored low-temperature gas obtained by gasifying liquid hydrogen and liquid helium can be filled and flowed in the cold screen layer 9, and the cold screen layer 9 is fixed with the second metal shielding film 8 and the second supporting plate 7 in a mechanical mode; the interlayer space 10 is an interlayer space formed by the inner surface of the second metal shielding film 8 and the outer surface of the third insulating and cold-insulating plate 11, the cold screen layer 9 is positioned in the interlayer space 10, and the rest space part except the cold screen layer 9 in the interlayer space 10 can be filled with perlite cold-insulating material or inert gas, so that the whole interlayer space 10 is in a cold-insulating state or an inert gas filling state;
the third insulating cold-keeping plate 11 is fixed on the outer surface of the metal inner tank 12 by resin glue, and a certain gap is reserved in a certain area range for considering expansion and contraction; the metal inner tank 12 is a complete closed main container formed by assembling and welding metal plates, and the main container is used for storing liquid hydrogen and liquid helium.
In the above embodiment, specifically, the metal plate of the metal outer tank 1 has a thickness ranging from 5mm to 50mm, and is in a polyhedral structure, and the material can be made of carbon steel, stainless steel, 9% nickel steel, invar steel or aluminum alloy, which are assembled and welded into a complete closed structure, and can be a part of the ship shell structure; the low-temperature resin daub layer 2 sticks and fixes the first supporting plate 3 on the inner surface of the metal plate of the first metal outer tank 1.
In the above embodiment, specifically, the first support plate 3, the first insulating and cold-insulating plate 4, the first metal shielding film 5, the second insulating and cold-insulating plate 6, and the second support plate 7 may be assembled in advance to form a standard insulating and cold-insulating block, and fixed on the inner surface of the metal plate of the first metal outer tank 1 in a manner of bonding with a resin cement through a stud, a gap formed by two adjacent insulating and cold-insulating blocks is filled with a flexible or rigid cold-insulating material, and the first metal shielding film 5 between the two adjacent insulating and cold-insulating blocks is bonded through the resin cement to form a complete closed structure.
In the above embodiment, specifically, the thickness of the first metal shielding film 5 is a metal thin plate with a thickness of 0.3mm to 1.5mm, two surfaces of the metal thin plate should be pre-pasted with glass mesh cloth, the first metal shielding film 5 is adhered to the inner surface of the first insulating cold-preserving plate 4 through resin glue, the two adjacent first metal shielding films 5 are fixed to the inner surface of the first insulating cold-preserving plate 4 together in a mutual overlapping and adhering manner to form a closed planar structure, and form a closed space structure with the metal outer tank 1, and inert shielding gas is filled inside the closed planar structure.
In the above embodiment, specifically, the cold shield layer 9 is formed by assembling and welding a plurality of prefabricated standard cooling liquid walls or cooling gas walls, the low-temperature wall of the closed space structure can be formed by assembling and welding plates or pipelines made of stainless steel, 9% nickel steel, invar steel or aluminum alloy, the low-temperature wall can be designed into different shapes, and a monitoring instrument system is arranged in the low-temperature wall.
In the above embodiment, specifically, the thickness of the first support plate 3 and the second support plate 7 is in a range of 1mm to 50mm, the support plate material is at least one of low temperature resistant plywood, glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyetheretherketone and metal sheet, and the first insulating and cold-insulating plate 4 and the second insulating and cold-insulating plate 6 are respectively bonded by resin glue to reinforce the insulating and cold-insulating plate material; the thickness ranges of the first insulating and cold-keeping plate 4 and the second insulating and cold-keeping plate 6 are 100mm-600mm, the materials are common polyurethane foam blocks or reinforced polyurethane foam blocks, and the first insulating and cold-keeping plate and the second insulating and cold-keeping plate can also be insulating and cold-keeping boxes filled in box bodies by glass wool, pearl sand, aerogel, high-vacuum heat-insulating plates and vacuum glass beads; the thickness of the second metal shielding film 8 is 0.5mm-2.0mm, the material can be stainless steel, 9% nickel steel, invar steel or aluminum alloy, the second metal shielding film is connected with an anchoring strip or a clamping tongue embedded in the second supporting plate 7 in advance in a welding mode and fixed on the second supporting plate 7, a gap exists between the second metal shielding film and the second supporting plate 7, two adjacent second metal shielding films 8 are assembled, overlapped and welded to form a complete plane, a closed space structure is formed between the complete plane and the first metal shielding film 5, and inert protective gas is filled inside the closed space structure.
In the above embodiments, specifically, the description is given as a specific embodiment in the above embodiments; the second metal shielding film 8 can also be a metal sheet with the thickness of 0.3mm-1.5mm, glass wire mesh cloth is pasted on two surfaces of the metal sheet in advance, the second metal shielding film 8 is fixed on the inner surface of the second supporting plate 7 in an adhesion mode, and two adjacent second metal shielding films 8 are mutually overlapped and adhered to form a closed structure and are integrally adhered and fixed on the inner surface of the second supporting plate 7 through resin glue.
In the above embodiment, specifically, the interlayer space 10 is internally provided with the cold insulation layer 9, perlite cold insulation material or inert gas, the whole interlayer space 10 is in a cold insulation state or an inert gas filling state, and an instrument monitoring system is designed in the space; the thickness range of the third insulating and cold-insulating plate 11 is 100mm-800mm, the material is polyurethane foam, the third insulating and cold-insulating plate can be preprocessed into a standard block form by adopting a field spraying mode or a workshop, the third insulating and cold-insulating plate is adhered to the metal inner tank 12 through resin glue, fiber mesh cloth is installed on the metal inner tank 12 before spraying, and a certain expansion and contraction gap is reserved in a certain area range.
In the above embodiment, specifically, the thickness of the metal inner tank 12 ranges from 5mm to 50mm, and at least one of a stainless steel plate, a 9% nickel steel plate, an invar steel plate, or an aluminum alloy plate is assembled and welded to form a complete closed main container, and the main container is used for storing liquid hydrogen and liquid helium.
In the above embodiment, specifically, the first insulating and cooling plate 4 and the first metal shielding film 5 may be eliminated, and the first support plate 3, the second insulating and cooling plate 6, the second support plate 7 and the second metal shielding film 8 may be assembled in advance to form a standard insulating and cooling block, and the thickness of the standard insulating and cooling block is 100mm to 1200 mm.
In the above embodiment, specifically, as a specific mode in the above embodiment, a supporting plate may be further added between the first insulating and cold-insulating plate 4 and the first metallic shielding film 5, the first metallic shielding film 5 may be directly adhered or welded and connected with an anchoring strip or a latch embedded in the supporting plate in advance, and fixed on the supporting plate, and the thickness ranges from 1mm to 50mm, and the material of the supporting plate is at least one of low temperature resistant plywood, glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyetheretherketone and metal thin plate.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. The metal storage cabin for storing the liquid hydrogen and the liquid helium is characterized by comprising an outer metal tank (1), a low-temperature resin daub layer (2), a first supporting plate (3), a first insulating cold-protecting plate (4), a first metal shielding film (5), a second insulating cold-protecting plate (6), a second supporting plate (7), a second metal shielding film (8), a cold screen layer (9), an interlayer space (10), a third insulating cold-protecting plate (11) and an inner metal tank (12), wherein the outer metal tank (1) is an outermost side structure of the metal cabin, is formed by assembling and mutually welding metal plates into a complete closed container structure, and can also be formed by one part of a ship shell structure; the first supporting plate (3) is stuck and fixed on the inner surface of the metal steel plate of the metal outer tank (1) by the low-temperature resin daub layer (2); the first insulating cold insulation plate (4) is in a prefabricated standard block form and is fixed on the inner surface of the first supporting plate (3) through resin glue in a sticking way, and a gap generated between two adjacent insulating cold insulation plates can be filled with flexible insulation or rigid insulation; the first metal shielding film (5) is fixedly adhered to the inner surface of the first insulating and cold-insulating plate (4) through resin glue to form a complete closed structure to play a role in protection; the second insulating cold-insulating plate (6) is in a prefabricated standard block form and is fixedly adhered to the inner surface of the first metal shielding film (5) through resin glue, and a gap generated between two adjacent insulating cold-insulating plates can be filled with flexible insulation or rigid insulation; the outer surface of the second supporting plate (7) is fixed on the inner surface of the second insulating and cold-insulating plate (6) through resin glue; the second metal shielding film (8) is fixed on the inner surface of the second supporting plate (7) in a resin glue pasting or mechanical piece coupling mode or is connected and fixed on the inner surface of the second supporting plate (7) in a mode of embedding an anchoring strip in the second supporting plate (7) in advance or welding a clamping tongue;
the cold screen layer (9) is fixed with the second metal shielding film (8) and the second support plate (7) in a mechanical mode; the interlayer space (10) is an interlayer space (10) formed by the inner surface of the second metal shielding film (8) and the outer surface of the third insulating and cold-insulating plate (11), the cold screen layer (9) is positioned in the interlayer space (10), and except the cold screen layer (9), the rest space part in the interlayer space (10) can be filled with perlite cold-insulating materials or inert gases; the third insulating cold-insulation plate (11) is fixed on the outer surface of the metal inner tank (12) through resin glue in a sticking way; the metal inner tank (12) is a complete closed main container formed by mutually splicing and welding metal plates.
2. A metal storage tank for liquid hydrogen and helium according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal outer tank (1) has a sheet metal thickness in the range of 5mm to 50mm and is shaped as a polyhedron structure, and the material can be assembled and welded as a complete closed structure from carbon steel, stainless steel, 9% nickel steel, invar steel or aluminum alloy, and can be a part of the hull structure of a ship.
3. The metal storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen and liquid helium according to claim 1, wherein the first support plate (3), the first insulating cold-keeping plate (4), the first metal shielding film (5), the second insulating cold-keeping plate (6) and the second support plate (7) are pre-assembled into a standard insulating cold-keeping block, and are fixed on the inner surface of the metal plate of the first metal outer tank (1) by means of bonding of a stud and resin cement, a gap formed by two adjacent insulating cold-keeping blocks is filled with flexible or rigid cold-keeping material, and the first metal shielding film (5) between the two adjacent insulating cold-keeping blocks is bonded by the resin cement to form a complete closed structure.
4. The metal storage compartment for storing liquid hydrogen and helium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first metal shielding film (5) is a thin metal plate having a thickness of 0.3mm to 1.5mm, and glass fiber mesh cloth is pre-adhered to both sides of the thin metal plate, the first metal shielding film (5) is adhered to the inner surface of the first insulating and cooling plate (4) by resin glue, and two adjacent first metal shielding films (5) are fixed to the inner surface of the first insulating and cooling plate (4) together by overlapping adhesion to form a closed planar structure and form a closed space structure with the metal outer can (1), and inert shielding gas is filled inside the closed planar structure.
5. The metal storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen and helium as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the cold shield layer (9) is composed of a plurality of prefabricated standard cooling liquid walls or cooling gas walls, which are assembled and welded together by using plates or pipes made of stainless steel, 9% nickel steel, invar steel or aluminum alloy, and which are assembled and welded together to form a low-temperature wall of a closed space structure, which can be designed into different shapes and in which a monitoring instrument system is arranged.
6. The metal storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen and helium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first support plate (3) and the second support plate (7) have a thickness in the range of 1mm to 50mm, and the support plate is at least one of low temperature resistant plywood, glass fiber reinforced plastic, teflon, polyetheretherketone and metal thin plate, which are bonded to the first insulating cold-keeping plate (4) and the second insulating cold-keeping plate (6) by resin glue to reinforce the insulating cold-keeping plate material.
7. The metal storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen and helium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first insulating and cold-keeping plate (4) and the second insulating and cold-keeping plate (6) ranges from 100mm to 600mm, the materials are common polyurethane foam blocks or reinforced polyurethane foam blocks, and the insulating and cold-keeping tank can be filled in a tank body by glass wool, pearlife, aerogel, high vacuum insulation panels and vacuum glass beads.
8. The metal storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen and helium according to claim 1, wherein the second metal shielding films (8) are made of metal plates with a thickness of 0.5mm to 2.0mm, the metal plates can be made of stainless steel, 9% nickel steel, invar steel or aluminum alloy, and are welded and connected with the anchor strips or the clamping tongues pre-embedded in the second supporting plates (7) and fixed on the second supporting plates (7), a gap is reserved between the second supporting plates (7), two adjacent second metal shielding films (8) are spliced, lapped and welded to form a complete plane, and the complete plane and the first metal shielding films (5) form a closed space structure, and inert shielding gas is filled in the closed space structure.
9. A metal storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen and helium as claimed in claim 1 wherein, as a particular aspect, in one of the above embodiments; the second metal shielding film (8) can also be a metal sheet with the thickness of 0.3mm-1.5mm, glass wire mesh cloth is pasted on two surfaces of the metal sheet in advance, the second metal shielding film (8) is fixed on the inner surface of the second supporting plate (7) in a bonding mode, two adjacent second metal shielding films (8) are mutually overlapped and bonded to form a closed structure, and the closed structure is integrally bonded and fixed on the inner surface of the second supporting plate (7) through resin glue.
10. A metal storage compartment for storing liquid hydrogen and helium according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate space (10) is filled with a cold insulation layer (9), perlite cold insulation material or inert gas, the entire intermediate space (10) is in a cold insulation state or an inert gas filled state, and an instrument monitoring system is designed in the space.
11. The metal storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen and helium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the third insulating and cooling plate (11) has a thickness ranging from 100mm to 800mm, is made of polyurethane foam, can be prepared in a standard block form by a field spraying method or a workshop, is bonded on the metal inner tank (12) through resin glue, and is provided with a fiber mesh cloth before spraying, and a certain expansion and contraction gap is reserved in a certain area range.
12. A metal storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen and helium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner metal tank (12) has a thickness in the range of 5-50mm and is formed by assembly welding using at least one of stainless steel, 9% nickel, invar or aluminum alloy plates to form a complete closed main container for storing liquid hydrogen and helium.
13. A metal storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen and helium according to claim 1, wherein the first insulating and cold-keeping plate (4) and the first metal shielding film (5) are eliminated, and the first support plate (3), the second insulating and cold-keeping plate (6), the second support plate (7) and the second metal shielding film (8) are pre-assembled to form a standard insulating and cold-keeping block with a thickness of 100mm to 1200 mm.
14. The metal storage tank for storing liquid hydrogen and helium according to claim 1, wherein as a specific mode in the above embodiment, a support plate may be added between the first insulating cold-keeping plate (4) and the first metal shielding film (5), the first metal shielding film (5) may be directly bonded or welded with an anchor strip or a latch embedded in the support plate to be fixed on the support plate, and the thickness of the support plate is in a range of 1mm to 50mm, and the support plate is made of at least one of low temperature resistant plywood, glass fiber reinforced plastic plate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyetheretherketone and metal sheet.
15. The metal storage tank as defined in claim 1, wherein the first support plate (3) is adhesively fixed to the inner surface of the metal plate of the first metal outer tank (1) by the low temperature resin mastic layer (2).
16. A metal storage compartment for storing liquid hydrogen and helium according to claim 1, wherein a gap of 0.5mm to 2mm is provided between the second support plate (7) and the second support plate (7).
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| CN114562675B (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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