CN114562331A

CN114562331A - Method for preventing and controlling old open water of integrated mine from being damaged by small kiln in same thick coal seam

Info

Publication number: CN114562331A
Application number: CN202210201041.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李晓龙; 方刚; 李凯; 穆鹏飞; 魏瀚昆; 牟林; 高耀全; 翟勤
Original assignee: Xian Research Institute Co Ltd of CCTEG
Current assignee: Xian Research Institute Co Ltd of CCTEG
Priority date: 2022-03-03
Filing date: 2022-03-03
Publication date: 2022-05-31
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-03
Also published as: CN114562331B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling old empty water of an integrated mine when a same thick coal seam is damaged by a small kiln, which comprises the steps of determining a geophysical prospecting abnormal area; determining a target area; the method comprises the following steps of starting to tunnel in a mining area, and probing an old air water-rich abnormal area in front of the head of the tunnel by using a transient electromagnetic method and a high-density direct current method; draining the old empty water according to the exploration result; after a working face roadway system is formed, utilizing an audio electric perspective technology to explore the distribution conditions of water-rich areas in a working face and in a coal seam top and bottom plate rock layer in the roadway, and utilizing a radio wave perspective technology to explore the development conditions of the coal seam and the structure in the working face; and in the working face stoping process, advanced short detection, advanced prejudgment, roadway detection and dynamic old goaf water drainage technologies are adopted, so that real-time safe stoping of the working face is comprehensively guaranteed. The invention fully utilizes the crack of the damaged bottom plate to drain the old goaf water, lays a transparent geological guarantee for the safe recovery of the working face, eliminates the threat of the old goaf water damage, and realizes advanced, efficient, safe, accurate, real-time and blind-area-free treatment of the old goaf water.

Description

Method for preventing and controlling old open water of integrated mine from being damaged by small kiln in same thick coal seam

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underground coal mine water prevention and control, in particular to a method for preventing and controlling old empty water of an integrated mine in a condition that the same thick coal seam is damaged by a small kiln.

Background

China is the biggest coal producing country in the world, and gas, coal dust, water, fire and roof 5 disasters are often accompanied in the coal mining process. Aiming at the problem 1 of the water damage of the old air, the Yangquan Ministry and the Chinese NUDP project propose the underground directional drilling technology for the first time in China, and Shanxi Asia Da Ning energy Limited company successfully drains the old air by using a directional drilling machine for the first time. 2. The aged water is detected and released by the well-known and Liujun by utilizing an air down-the-hole hammer and pipe drilling process and a reverse circulation drilling technology. 3. Li Quanxin, Fangjun, Li Zihao, Cao Kejun, Yang Maolin, etc. utilize directional drilling to drain the old empty water. 4. Xue nationality, Jiehu, Liupun, Jing \37032, mu Yi, Liqinhua, Zhangjun, Li Wen, Yan, Li Yubao, Zondong, Handebin, Chengqing, Shigang, Wandong and the like adopt the technologies of ground and underground transient electromagnetism, direct current method, ground penetrating radar, wireless pit penetration and the like to detect the old air water, and the importance of the optimized combination of the underground geophysical prospecting method is emphasized. 5. And utilizing a three-dimensional laser detection system to perform precise detection on the goaf by utilizing the Luzhou, Chenshinxin, YuLewen and the like. 6. Wuqiang and junk Wu indicate that the drilling and geophysical prospecting integrated detection technology of drilling first and then geophysical prospecting fully absorbs the advantages of drilling and geophysical prospecting. 7. And a transparent working face method based on inter-hole seismic dense dynamic detection is proposed.

The aged builder provides a measure for preventing and controlling the old empty water without detection, purification and recovery, and the drilled hole arrangement is mainly based on the lowest point of the water penetration and accumulation area. The preparation is classified into the prevention and cure measures of the aged and the water damage. After the accumulated water is drained, a pressure gauge is installed at the orifice of the constructed water detecting and draining hole, so that the condition of accumulated water again in the old goaf can be found in time. The von science and technology provides a treatment scheme of geophysical prospecting first-drilling evacuation-roadway detection verification. 1. The Wangdong, Xuliang, Zhang Qinghong and so on propose the treatment methods of constructing water-proof gate, waterproof coal pillar and anti-penetrating wall. 2. The old vacant water prevention and treatment method is characterized by comprising the steps of data collection, geophysical prospecting, drilling, water source judgment, differential treatment of old vacant water and establishment of a perfect drainage system 6. 3. The Zhao Jinlong and Liujun use water quality analysis to verify whether the drainage of the old empty water is finished. 4. The technique of dispersing the upper part of the old water is proposed by the chai-zheng army, the king of the perseverance, the Yang Xue, the Yan Ming, the Zhang Jiafeng, the Jizhongqu, the Zhang Yong, the Qianning and the like. 5. An artificial dam body for retaining water is constructed in a roadway near a small kiln water discharge point by the Chensu society, and a pipeline is led out from the dam body for utilization. 6. The characteristics and the formation mechanism of the water permeation accidents of the old kilns of the great-delight coal mine and the king green coal mine are analyzed by the Ruixiang, Wuqiang and the like. 7. Aiming at the clear situation of the water in the old air, such as roliping, Sun Kung, Kangzhiqiang, Wei Li Yang and the like, the forming mechanism of the water in the old air is researched from three aspects of 'water filling source, water filling channel and water gathering space', and the water in the old air is considered to be formed by various water filling sources. 8. The invention patent CN111140279B discloses a method for preventing old empty water from being damaged by a small kiln in a layered mode on a thick coal seam, which realizes advanced and long-distance cutting of the old empty water at the head by using the combination of ground and underground geophysical prospecting, conventional drilling and directional drilling to prevent the old empty water. 9. The invention patent CN110609335A discloses a multi-means-based method for detecting complex conditions of a residual mining area, which realizes accurate detection of water accumulation in the residual coal area by comprehensive detection, contrast and analysis of various geophysical prospecting means. 10. The invention patent CN201810250858.1 discloses a mine goaf water accurate exploration and discharge method based on underground beam-shaped directional drilling, the goaf range detected by geophysical exploration is used as the design basis of directional drilling, and the directional drilling is utilized to explore the transverse, axial and vertical ranges of the goaf.

The expert scholars and the engineering technicians in China have achieved remarkable performances on the aspects of the old air water damage prevention and control technology (drilling, geophysical prospecting and chemical prospecting) and equipment, form a control mode of 'finding out, detecting and clearing, discharging and controlling', execute prevention and control strategies of 'no finding out, no discharging and no recovery', and realize that the fundamental method for preventing and controlling the old air water is the old air water detection and discharge. The exploration means mainly adopts geophysical prospecting, drilling, chemical exploration, roadway exploration and the like. The exploration flow is that geophysical exploration is performed first, and old empty water is drained through combined chemical exploration verification of drilling and roadway exploration, so that the purpose of firstly drilling and then geophysical exploration is realized, and the geophysical exploration among and in holes is fully utilized. The prevention and treatment measures are mainly a dredging method and an isolation method. The method is characterized in that a plurality of geophysical prospecting means are provided for optimizing and combining the technology for exploring the old empty water, the old empty water in front of the coal seam is subjected to layer division by a small kiln, conventional drilling and directional drilling are combined to treat the old empty water in front of the coal seam, and although a certain grade is obtained, the old empty water treatment in the working face and in the stoping process is not carried out, so that the mine safety production still has a certain potential old empty water damage threat. Aiming at old empty areas which are disorderly distributed and are caused by the fact that the same thick coal seam of an integrated mine is damaged by a small kiln, the treatment of the water damage of the old empty areas is always a technical problem of water damage prevention and control.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a method for preventing and controlling old goaf water of a mine integrated with the same thick coal bed damaged by a small kiln, which avoids higher time and economic cost caused by double-lane tunneling, fully utilizes the crack of a damaged bottom plate to drain the old goaf water, lays a transparent geological guarantee for the safe stoping of a working face, eliminates the threat of the old goaf water damage, and realizes advanced, efficient, safe, accurate, real-time and blind-area-free control of the old goaf water.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the method for preventing and controlling old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by a small kiln in the same thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step one, determining a geophysical prospecting abnormal area where the goaf water exists in a mining area; exploring the distribution position and water-rich property of the goaf by adopting a ground electrical method and a seismic geophysical prospecting method, and taking a geophysical prospecting abnormal area where the goaf water exists in the mining area as a target area of the directional drilling of the underground coal mine;

secondly, arranging a drill site in an existing roadway or a roadway with low-level construction measures in a mining area according to the target area of the directional drilling machine in the coal mine well determined in the first step and the drilling performance and the mining plan of the directional drilling machine in the coal mine well; the elevation of a drilling hole orifice in the drilling field is lower than the elevation of the target area, long-distance and nearly horizontal directional drilling holes in the coal mine are utilized to drill along the bottom plate of the coal seam from bottom to top so as to drain the goaf water found by geophysical prospecting in advance, the track of the directional drilling holes is drilled within the range of a bottom plate damage zone of the goaf, and the drilling track is adjusted again or a side drilling branch enters the goaf to drain water continuously according to the condition of draining the water;

thirdly, after the old air detection abnormal area in the working face is clearly detected, beginning to dig a tunnel in the mining area, and detecting the old air rich water abnormal area in front of the head of the tunnel by using a transient electromagnetic method and a high-density direct current method;

step four, if the probing result of the step three indicates that no old air and rich water abnormal area exists in front of the roadway head, water probing and discharging conventional drill holes are distributed at the roadway head in groups to perform drilling verification, single-point inclination measurement is performed on each drill hole, and the error between a real drill track and a designed track is compared by using a roadway tunneling advanced probing guarantee system; if the error is large and a probing blind area exists, automatically increasing probing drill holes by using a roadway tunneling advanced probing guarantee system; if the drilling verification is abnormal, allowing the roadway to be tunneled, and treating old empty water in the roadway tunneling process according to a water detection-tunneling-water detection circulation operation mode;

step five, if the exploration result in the step three indicates that an old air and water-rich abnormal area exists in front of the head of the roadway, exploring according to a conventional drilling mode in the step four, or constructing an old goaf three-dimensional space form by utilizing a roadway tunneling advanced exploration guarantee system according to the old goaf discovered by the drilling exploration and the water burst condition of the drilled hole, increasing exploration drilled holes according to the old goaf three-dimensional space form, if the drilled hole has water burst, or the water burst is verified by drilling in the step four, when the water burst amount of the drilled hole is smaller and the attenuation is faster, judging that the water is static reserve amount, continuously evacuating old air water by adopting the conventional drilled hole, and according to the water attenuation condition, mutually verifying by physical exploration and drilling for many times in the water evacuation process, if the physical exploration and the drilling have no abnormity, the roadway can be safely tunneled, and the old air water damage in the roadway tunneling process is realized according to the water exploration-excavation-water circulation operation mode, if the abnormal area still exists, mutually verifying and probing for many times by using conventional drilling and geophysical prospecting again until the abnormality is eliminated;

step six, if the drainage water quantity of the conventional drilling hole in the step five is stable for a long time and the water head can not be reduced for a long time, the dynamic supply of the old water is indicated, at the moment, the long-distance directional drilling hole is adopted to drill to the old goaf along the coal seam bottom plate from bottom to top in the mining area to cut off and guide the old dynamic supply water source, after the directional drilling hole successfully enters the old goaf, the directional drilling hole and the conventional drilling hole are used for jointly draining the old water, in the water drainage process, repeated geophysical prospecting and drilling mutual verification is still adopted, the area change of the strong rich water abnormal overlapping area of the repeated geophysical prospecting results is analyzed until the normal drilling hole water inflow and the water pressure of the roadway head are reduced to 0, the strong rich water abnormal area in front of the roadway head is detected again, the area change of the strong rich water abnormal area of the geophysical prospecting water in different water drainage stages is compared for multiple times, the comprehensive drilling and geophysical results are obtained, and the old water in front of the roadway head is thoroughly drained and completely, normally tunneling the tunnel again according to the third step to the sixth step, namely, treating the old empty water in real time according to a water detection-tunneling-water detection circulation operation mode until a tunnel system is formed;

after a working face roadway system is formed, exploring the distribution conditions of water-rich areas in the working face and in the coal seam top and bottom plate rock layers in the roadway by using an audio electric perspective technology, and exploring the development conditions of the coal seam and the structure in the working face by using a radio wave perspective technology;

designing geophysical prospecting verification conventional drill holes aiming at the geophysical prospecting water-rich abnormal area and the geological abnormal area which are probed in the step seven, wherein the drill holes are designed to be full-coverage geophysical prospecting abnormal areas, and the drill hole tracks are required to be measured, so that blind area-free probing is ensured;

step nine, after a roadway system is formed, cutting holes from a working face to a mining stop line, designing a group of drill holes at intervals of 20m, drilling the drill holes from a roadway with a relatively low elevation to a roadway with a relatively high elevation, namely, the drill holes penetrate through the whole working face, designing 5 drill holes in each group, drilling 1 drill hole along the inclination angle of the coal seam to explore a lower-layer old goaf, exploring an upper-layer old goaf at intervals of 50m on the other 4 drill hole planes respectively, designing the final hole position as a coal seam roof, and penetrating 5 drill holes through the whole working face to realize full-coverage exploration; designing and constructing the full-coverage exploration drilling hole and the geophysical verified drilling hole in the step eight at the same time to fully utilize the drilling hole;

step ten, after the old goaf water in the working face is completely detected and discharged clearly, the working face starts to recover, and the dynamic old goaf water detection and drainage technology with advanced short detection, advanced pre-judgment, roadway detection and drainage is adopted in the recovery process, so that the real-time safe recovery of the working face is comprehensively guaranteed.

The method utilizes directional drilling combined with multiple geophysical prospecting technologies to remotely and foredrain the old empty water at a known position; the method comprises the following steps of treating the old empty water in front of the head of a roadway by utilizing a roadway tunneling advanced detection guarantee system and combining multiple times of geophysical prospecting with conventional drilling and directional drilling; the old empty water in the working face is treated by combining various geophysical prospecting with the conventional drilling full-coverage working face exploration technology; and (3) treating the old goaf water in the working face extraction process by using advanced short-distance detection, advanced prejudgment, roadway detection and dynamic drainage old goaf water technologies. The method avoids higher time and economic cost caused by double-lane tunneling, fully utilizes the crack of the damaged bottom plate to drain the old goaf water, lays a transparent geological guarantee for the safe stoping of the working face, eliminates the threat of the old goaf water damage, and realizes advanced, efficient, safe, accurate, real-time and blind-area-free treatment of the old goaf water.

The method for preventing and controlling the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and in the second step, the long-distance directional drilling adopts a 6-section arc structure with a drilling track of a casing section, a straight hole section, an oblique-making section, an oblique-stabilizing section, an oblique-making section and an oblique-stabilizing section, the drilling track is firstly drilled to the position of a broken zone of a bottom plate of the old goaf, old goaf water is firstly drained by utilizing a broken crack of the bottom plate, the position and the accumulated water quantity of the old goaf are preliminarily judged according to the drilling drainage result when the water inflow in the hole is reduced to 0, and then the directional drilling tool is used for normally drilling the wide-fin spiral drilling tool or drilling a side drilling branch into the old goaf to drain water.

The method for preventing and controlling the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the drilling verification method in the fourth step is that according to the requirements of coal mine water control regulations, conventional drill holes are arranged at the head of a roadway, the hole diameter of each drill hole is phi 75mm, the angle of each drill hole is mainly positive, the drill holes meet the final hole of a roof or an old goaf, the depth of each hole is generally designed to be 100m, and the advance distance of each drill hole is 30 m.

The method for preventing and controlling the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and in the fourth step, if the drilling verification is abnormal, the roadway is allowed to be tunneled, if the drilling verification comprises advanced short detection, 9 small-aperture drill holes are arranged in each cycle, the miniature drilling machine convenient to transport is utilized for construction, the effective detection distance is 13m, the shortest hole depth of the drill holes is actually used as the effective detection distance, the advance distance is 5m, the single tunneling distance is 8m, and the single total tunneling distance is 70 m.

The method for preventing and controlling the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and fifthly, if the geophysical prospecting and the drilling are abnormal, the roadway can be safely tunneled, and the single tunneling distance of the roadway is the shortest probing distance when water gushes appear in a conventional drill hole or an old goaf is uncovered.

The method for preventing and controlling the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and step six, when the water level can not be reduced and the drainage water amount reaches dynamic balance, taking the superposed area of the ground and the underground geophysical prospecting strong water-rich abnormal area as a target area of directional drilling, and selecting the final hole position of the conventional drilling (namely the drilling with the highest water head) with the largest head-on water inflow as a target point of the directional drilling.

The method for preventing and controlling the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the step ten, the advanced short-term exploration is to perform mining on the working face after the old empty water in the roadway and the working face is treated, and during mining, the miniature drilling machine is used for performing advanced short-term exploration from the coal wall of the working face to the right front of the working face so as to explore the old empty area and drain trace accumulated water at the low-lying part of the old empty area; the advanced short-detection single-time exploration distance is 15m, the advance distance is kept at 5m, and the mining distance is 10 m; the advanced short-detection drilling is designed into A circulation and B circulation, 1 group of drilling holes are designed at the interval of 10m of the A circulation, 2 drilling holes are designed in each group, the drilling holes are drilled towards the right front, wherein the drilling hole No. 1 is designed to be drilled to the final hole of the top plate of the coal seam, the drilling hole No. 2 is drilled along the right front of the coal seam, and the shortest hole depth is taken as an effective detection distance for all the drilling holes; after the working face is safely mined for 10m, the B circulation exploration is started, 1 group of drill holes are designed for the B circulation at the interval of 10m and are intersected with the A circulation at the interval of 5m, so that a blind zone can be avoided, and the exploration and recovery efficiency can be improved.

The method for preventing and controlling the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and step ten, the advance prejudging technology focuses on a geophysical exploration water-rich abnormal area, old empty lane exposure conditions are combined, old empty water permeable signs such as sweat and water seepage of a coal wall are observed at any time in the stoping process, if the water permeable signs are found, coal mining is stopped immediately, old empty water in front of the coal caving wall is explored by a drilling machine until all the abnormalities are eliminated, coal mining is started again, and the mining distance is still the shortest effective distance of the advance short exploration.

The method for preventing and controlling the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the step ten, the roadway exploration technology, namely the full-coverage exploration of the working face is influenced by factors such as the density of drilled holes and hole inclination, and accumulated water in the old roadway can not be drained completely by utilizing conventional drilled holes, so that if the old roadway is exposed in the extraction process, the position and the accumulated water condition of the old roadway can be checked on the premise of ensuring safety, and the hidden danger of water damage of old goaf can be eliminated as far as possible by checking the drainage of the old roadway.

The method for preventing and treating the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the dynamic goaf water drainage technology in the step ten is that as the working face is stoped, the drilling hole of the drained water is influenced by mining, the situation that a hole collapses and blocks the drilling hole occurs, so that the water level and the water amount of the goaf water rise, and the working face is threatened to be stoped again, so that as the working face is stoped, conventional drilling or directional drilling is carried out in the special mining direction of goaf dynamic supply direction to drain the goaf water, or a steel pipe and the like are buried in the goaf to drain the goaf water, and the water level and the water amount are prevented from rising again.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the directional drilling track adopted by the invention is that the old goaf is drilled to the position of the broken zone of the bottom plate of the old goaf along the bottom plate of the coal seam, old goaf water is drained in advance by utilizing the broken crack of the bottom plate, the position and the water accumulation amount of the old goaf can be preliminarily judged according to the drainage result of the directional drilling, a basis is provided for drilling the old goaf into the old goaf by utilizing the wide-fin spiral drilling tool matched with the directional drilling tool again, the situation that the old goaf or the local coal seam of the coal seam is broken to cause drill sticking and hole collapse is avoided along the directional drilling track stably drilled on the bottom plate of the coal seam, the hole forming rate of the directional drilling is improved, the crack of the broken zone of the bottom plate and the directional drilling are fully utilized, and the possibility of blocking the drilling of old cinder and the like is reduced.

2. The roadway driving advanced detection guarantee system adopted by the invention can visually compare errors of a designed track and an actual drilling track, can construct an old goaf three-dimensional space form according to the old goaf discovered by drilling exploration and the water burst condition of the drilling, and increases exploration drilling holes according to the old goaf three-dimensional space form, thereby more comprehensively and accurately analyzing the water accumulation condition of the old goaf.

3. The advanced short-detection technology for tunneling the roadway is adopted, the miniature drilling machine which is convenient to transport is used for constructing the small-aperture advanced short-detection drill hole, the convenience and the rapidness are realized, the safe tunneling of the roadway is also ensured in real time, and the static scattered old empty water at the low-lying position in front of the roadway is thoroughly drained.

4. The geophysical prospecting verification conventional drilling adopted by the invention realizes the full-coverage exploration of the geophysical water-rich abnormal area and the geological abnormal area in the working face, eliminates the threat of old vacant water, provides geological information for safe extraction and saves time for safe and efficient production of mines.

5. The working face full-coverage exploration drilling hole is adopted, the drilling hole is designed to be drilled from a roadway with relatively low elevation to a roadway with relatively high elevation, the drilling density is high, full-coverage exploration between two roadways of the working face is realized, old open water threats in the working face are basically eliminated, the full-coverage exploration drilling hole and the geophysical prospecting verification drilling hole are designed and constructed simultaneously, and the drilling hole is fully utilized.

6. In the working face stoping process adopted by the invention, 4 technologies of mining and exploring at the same time, namely advanced short detection, advanced prejudgment, roadway detection and dynamic goaf water dredging are adopted, so that the real-time safety stoping of the working face is comprehensively ensured.

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and examples.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a conventional water-detecting and draining borehole plan.

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a drilling track, a roadway, a top plate and a goaf.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of directional drilling exploration and drainage of old goaf.

FIG. 4 is a directional drilling configuration.

Fig. 5 is a design drawing of advance short-cut drilling in roadway excavation.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a conventional full coverage exploration plane of a borehole.

Fig. 7 is a design drawing of a full coverage probing section of a conventional borehole.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a conventional borehole short-lead probe for face extraction.

FIG. 9 is a technical system for preventing and treating old empty water of an integrated mine when the same thick coal seam is damaged by a small kiln.

FIG. 10 is a diagram of the neighborhood of a well.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the aged water.

Fig. 12 shows the result of the investigation at 440m of the main conveying lane.

Fig. 13 shows the result of the survey at the main lane 658 m.

FIG. 14 is a 101-face full coverage survey of a conventional borehole.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated below with reference to an integrated mine subject to destruction by a small kiln.

The mine is formed by resource integration, the average thickness of a 2# coal seam mainly mined is 6m, the coal seam is damaged by the small coal kilns in different degrees of layering or whole layer, and the mining process of the small coal kilns is lagged, and mining data is lacked, so that the accumulated water in the old air is disorderly distributed, and the real-time safe production of the integrated mine is deeply restricted by the water damage of the old air. The old empty water prevention and control method for the tunnel excavation of the 101 working face generally adopts geophysical prospecting combined with conventional drilling prospecting to discharge old empty water, so that the tunnel excavation efficiency is low, the situation that head-on equipment is submerged by old empty water occasionally severely restricts the safe and efficient production of a mine, the hidden danger of old empty water damage is eliminated for ensuring the real-time safe excavation of the tunnel and the real-time safe stoping of the working face, and the old empty water prevention and control technical system of the mine is integrated by adopting the mode that the same thick coal seam shown in figure 9 is damaged by a small kiln.

The method for preventing and controlling old empty water of the integrated mine when the same thick coal seam is damaged by a small kiln comprises the following steps after the conditions of well field hydrogeological conditions, coal seam mining history and the general distribution rule of the old empty water are mastered:

step two, according to the target area of the directional drilling in the underground coal mine determined in the step one, considering the drilling performance and the mining planning of the directional drilling machine in the underground coal mine, arranging a drilling site in an existing roadway or a low-level construction measure roadway in a mining area, wherein the elevation of a drilling hole orifice in the drilling site is lower than the elevation of the target area, and the aperture and the drilling structure of the directional drilling hole are the same as those of the invention patent CN111140279B of Lidaolong, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, long-distance and near-horizontal directional drilling in the underground coal mine is utilized to drill in advance the goaf water found by dredging geophysical prospecting along a coal bed bottom plate from bottom to top, the track of the directional drilling hole is firstly drilled in a reasonable range of a goaf bottom plate damage zone, namely, the fracture is utilized to firstly dredge water by the bottom plate, when the water inflow in the hole is reduced to 0, the position and the accumulated water quantity of the goaf are preliminarily judged according to the drilling hole dredging result, and the drilling track or the branch is adjusted to the old interior by utilizing the directional drilling tool matched wide-wing spiral drilling tool again according to the dredging situation of the dredging water drainage situation Continuously draining water;

and step four, if the probing result in the step three indicates that no old air and rich water abnormal area exists in front of the roadway head, distributing water probing and discharging conventional drill holes in groups at the roadway head according to coal mine water control regulations for performing drilling verification, performing single-point inclination measurement on each drill hole, and comparing errors of a real drill track and a designed track by using a roadway tunneling advanced detection guarantee system. If the error is large and a probing blind area exists, automatically increasing probing drill holes by using a roadway tunneling advanced probing guarantee system; and if the drilling verification is abnormal, allowing the roadway to be tunneled, and providing a roadway tunneling advanced short-distance detection technology in order to ensure safe tunneling of the roadway in real time and thoroughly drain static sporadic old empty water at a low-lying position in front of the roadway. The advanced short-distance drilling is characterized in that 9 small-aperture drill holes are arranged in each cycle, a miniature drilling machine convenient to transport is used for construction, the effective detection distance is 13m, the shortest hole depth of the drill holes is actually used as the effective detection distance, the advance distance is 5m, the single tunneling distance is 8m, and the total single tunneling distance is 70m specified in coal mine prevention and control water regulations. Treating old empty water in the tunneling process of the roadway according to a water detection-tunneling-water detection circulation operation mode;

step five, if the exploration result in the step three indicates that an old air and water-rich abnormal area exists in front of the head of the roadway, exploring according to a conventional drilling mode in the step four, or constructing an old goaf three-dimensional space form by utilizing a roadway tunneling advanced exploration guarantee system according to the old goaf explored by the drilling exploration and the water burst condition of the drilled hole, increasing exploration drilled holes according to the old goaf three-dimensional space form, if the drilled hole has water burst, or drilling in the step four verifies that the water burst occurs, when the water burst amount of the drilled hole is small and the attenuation is fast, and the drilled hole is judged to be static storage amount, adopting the conventional drilled hole to continuously drain the old goaf water, and according to the water attenuation condition, adopting physical exploration and drilling to mutually verify for multiple times in the water drainage process, if the physical exploration and the drilling have no abnormality, the roadway can be safely excavated, and the single excavation distance of the roadway is the shortest exploration distance of the water burst occurring in the conventional drilled hole or the old goaf, and managing the old air and water-rich abnormal area in the tunneling process according to the water exploration-exploration mode of water circulation operation If water damage still exists in the abnormal area, mutually verifying and probing for many times by using conventional drilling and geophysical prospecting again until the abnormality is eliminated;

step six, if the drainage water amount of the conventional drilling holes in the step five is stable for a long time and the water head cannot be reduced for a long time, the dynamic supply of the old goaf water is indicated, then a plurality of times of geophysical prospecting strong water-rich abnormal superposed areas on the ground and the underground are used as target areas of directional drilling, the conventional drilling hole with the largest water inflow amount, namely the point with the highest water head, is used as a target point, the long-distance directional drilling hole is used for drilling along the bottom plate of the coal seam from bottom to top to the target point at the low position of a mining area to intercept the old goaf dynamic water supply, the design construction parameters and the process technology of the directional drilling hole are the same as the step two, after the directional drilling hole successfully enters the old goaf, the old goaf is drained by using the directional drilling hole and the conventional drilling hole, in the water drainage process, the mutual verification of multiple geophysical prospecting and drilling is still adopted, the area change of the strong water-rich abnormal superposed areas of the multiple geophysical prospecting results is analyzed until the normal drilling water inflow amount and the water pressure of the roadway head are reduced to 0, geophysical prospecting a strong rich water abnormal area in front of the head of the roadway again, comprehensively drilling and geophysical prospecting results by comparing area changes of the geophysical prospecting strong rich water abnormal area in different water drainage stages for multiple times, ensuring that old empty water in front of the head of the roadway is thoroughly drained, and normally tunneling the roadway again according to the third step to the sixth step, namely treating the old empty water in real time according to a water detection-tunneling-water detection circulation operation mode until a roadway system is formed;

and seventhly, after the roadway system of the working face is formed, utilizing an audio frequency electric perspective technology to explore the distribution condition of the water-rich areas in the working face and the rock stratum of the bottom plate of the coal seam top in the roadway, and utilizing a radio wave perspective technology to explore the development condition of the coal seam and the structure in the working face.

And step eight, designing geophysical prospecting verification conventional drill holes aiming at the geophysical prospecting water-rich abnormal area and the geological abnormal area which are probed in the step seven, wherein the drill holes are designed to be full-coverage geophysical prospecting abnormal areas, and the drill hole tracks are required to be measured, so that blind area-free probing is ensured.

Step nine, after a roadway system is formed, cutting holes from a working face to a mining stop line, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, designing a group of drill holes at intervals of 20m, drilling holes from a roadway with a relatively low elevation to a roadway with a relatively high elevation, namely, drilling holes penetrate through the whole working face, designing 5 drill holes in each group, drilling 1 drill hole along the inclined angle of the coal seam to explore the lower-layer old goaf, exploring the upper-layer old goaf at intervals of 50m on the other 4 drill hole planes respectively, designing the final hole position as a coal seam roof, and enabling 5 drill holes to penetrate through the whole working face to achieve full coverage exploration. And (4) designing and constructing the full-coverage exploration drilling hole and the geophysical verified drilling hole in the step eight at the same time to fully utilize the drilling hole.

Step ten, after the old goaf water in the working face is completely detected and released clearly, the working face starts to carry out stoping, and during stoping, a micro-drilling machine is used for carrying out advanced short-distance detection from the coal wall of the working face to the front of the working face so as to detect the old goaf and release trace accumulated water at the low-lying part of the old goaf. As shown in FIG. 8, the single probing distance of the short probe is 15m, the distance of the short probe is kept 5m, and the distance of the short probe is 10 m. The advanced short-distance drilling is designed to be an A circulation and a B circulation, 1 group of drilling holes are designed at the interval of 10m of the A circulation, 2 drilling holes are designed in each group, the drilling holes all drill towards the right front, wherein the No. 1 drilling hole is designed to drill to the final hole of the top plate of the coal seam, the No. 2 drilling hole drills along the right front of the coal seam, and all the drilling holes all use the shortest hole depth as the effective detection distance. After the working face is safely mined for 10m, the B circulation exploration is started, 1 group of drill holes are designed for the B circulation at the interval of 10m and are intersected with the A circulation at the interval of 5m, so that a blind zone can be avoided, and the exploration and recovery efficiency can be improved. And (3) focusing on a geophysical prospecting water-rich abnormal area while adopting advanced short detection, combining the exposure condition of an old empty roadway, observing old empty water-permeable signs such as sweat and water seepage of a coal wall at any time in the stoping process, immediately stopping coal mining if the water-permeable signs are found, detecting old empty water in front of a coal caving wall by using a drilling machine until all the abnormalities are eliminated, and starting coal mining again, wherein the mining distance is still the shortest effective distance of the advanced short detection. If the old lane is exposed in the stoping process, the position and the ponding condition of the old lane can be checked on the premise of ensuring safety, and the hidden danger of water damage of the old roadway can be eliminated as far as possible by checking the drainage of the old lane. Along with the stoping of the working face, the drilling of the drained water is affected by the mining, the situation that the hole collapses to block the drilling occurs, the water level and the water amount of the old goaf water rise, the stoping of the working face is threatened again, the special mining adopts the conventional drilling in the direction of the dynamic compensation of the old goaf or adopts the directional drilling to drain the old goaf water, or adopts a steel pipe and the like to be buried in the goaf to drain the old goaf water, and the water level and the water amount are prevented from rising again. In conclusion, the mining process adopts advanced short detection, advanced prejudgment, roadway detection and dynamic old goaf water drainage technologies, and real-time safe mining of a working face can be comprehensively guaranteed.

The invention solves the problem that the old empty water disaster of the working face of a certain mine 101 restricts the roadway excavation and the safe stoping, ensures the real-time safe production of the mine, and has the following concrete implementation process in the mine:

1. tunnel excavation air water prevention and control project

(1) Ground comprehensive geophysical prospecting engineering

Before 101 working face recovery, three-dimensional seismic and transient electromagnetic exploration is carried out on the ground, a large-area strong water-rich abnormal area in the working face is found out, and the predicted water accumulation amount is 13.8 multiplied by 10⁴m³Water accumulation area 17.64X 10⁴m²68.36% of the working surface area.

(2) Underground diversified comprehensive old air water treatment project

1) Auxiliary transportation lane old empty water treatment project

The auxiliary transport roadway is 1200m in length, 1.8a is used for tunneling, the average tunneling efficiency is 1.8m/d, multiple geophysical prospecting is adopted to combine with the conventional drilling water detection and drainage technology and the advanced short detection technology to ensure the real-time safety of tunneling, the water detection and drainage are carried out for 30 times in total, the water detection and drainage is carried out for 47 days at the longest in a single time, the number of water detection and drainage drilling holes is 35 at the maximum in the single time, and the tunneling distance can be 5m at the shortest in the single time and 70m at the longest in the single time. Fig. 11 shows that the auxiliary transportation lane old goaf is relatively less distributed, which is consistent with the actual tunneling situation, in the tunneling process, the lower layered old lane 9 is exposed, the water detecting and discharging drill holes are mostly shown as visible holes and stuck holes, the water discharging drill holes are less, and the lane is formed safely.

2) Main transport lane old empty water treatment project

The length of a main transport lane of a 101 working face is 1200m, fig. 9 shows that the old empty accumulated water of the main transport lane is serious, the time for tunneling the lane is 2.7a, the tunneling efficiency is low, water is detected and discharged for 33 times in total, the longest water detection and discharge time is 7 months in a single time, the maximum number of water detection and discharge drill holes is 45 in a single time, the shortest driving distance in a single time is 5m, the longest water detection and discharge time is 70m, and the maximum water inflow rate of the conventional water detection and discharge drill holes is 108m³H is used as the reference value. When the main transport roadway is tunneled to 277m and meets dynamic water supply in the old sky, multiple geophysical prospecting combined with a conventional drilling water detecting and discharging technology is adopted until 440m, the time spent in tunneling from 277m to 440m is 1.5a, the average tunneling efficiency is 0.3m/d, and the old empty water seriously restricts the efficient and safe tunneling of the roadway. The water level and water quantity at 440m and 658m of the main transport roadway cannot be reduced for a long time, and then the old empty water is treated by combining multiple geophysical prospecting at 440m and 658m with conventional drilling and directional drilling, so that the roadway tunneling efficiency is greatly improved.

a. Old empty water treatment project at 440m position of main transportation lane

The main transportation lane 440m underground transient electromagnetic and high-density direct current electrical prospecting shows that old empty water exists in the front left of the head, and then 21 conventional water exploration and drainage drill holes are constructed, wherein the number of the conventional water exploration and drainage drill holes is 1-16, B1-B5, the water inflow of the B5 drill hole is the largest and is 16.7m³And/h, only trace water seepage exists in individual drilled holes, so that scattered and isolated old dead zones can be seen, and the communication is unknown. The main transportation lane is always in the stage of digging stopping and water draining within two months, and the total water inflow of the drilled holes is stabilized to be 36m for a long time³The water pressure is 0.3MPa, and the water drainage effect is poor. Transient electromagnetic and high-density direct current electrical prospecting is carried out again after two months to compare drainage effect (figure 12), exploration results show that the stronger water-rich area is particularly remarkably superposed at the front left, and in addition, 4 drill holes are drilled in the stronger water-rich area to discharge water, and a B5 drill hole is arranged in the area, so that the stronger water-rich area at the front left can be determined, and then 5 conventional drill holes are constructed eastward in a measure lane to intercept head water, namely B17-B21, and the interception effect is poor (figure 12).

After draining water for 6 months, selecting a position with an elevation lower than the old goaf water level by 34m to arrange a No. 1 directional drilling hole, taking a B5 drilling hole as a target point, taking a stronger water-rich superposed area as a target area, designing a hole-opening inclination angle into a negative angle according to the principle of avoiding drilling in a coal bed and a lower layered old roadway, designing a drilling structure into a 6-section arc-shaped structure, stably drilling along a sandstone and mudstone stratum below a coal bed bottom plate, and obliquely penetrating the old goaf from the bottom of the old goaf at a large angle, so that the old goaf in the lower layered old roadway can be drained, the hole forming rate can be improved, and the downward side-drilling branch exploration after drilling in the old goaf can be realized. No. 1 directional drilling is finally carried out to the old goaf with the hole depth of 526.4m, and the initial water inflow is 134m³The water inflow rate is far greater than that of B5 drilling hole, and the stable water inflow rate is 89m³H, 3.6 multiplied by 10 of old air water is drained together⁴m³The effect of draining water is obviously better than that of conventional drilling, and the proper through holes can prevent the coal slag from blocking the drilling holes in the water draining process (Table 1). After water is drained for 17d, water cannot be drained from the conventional drilling hole, safe tunneling can be carried out again, the fact that communicated old empty water accumulation areas exist on the north side of the main transport roadway is shown, multiple geophysical prospecting is adopted for 6 months to safely tunnel to 658m in combination with the conventional drilling, water detecting and draining technology, the average tunneling efficiency is 1.2m/d, the tunneling efficiency is improved by 4 times, and the situation that water is fixed can be seenThe hole is drilled to the bottom of the goaf successfully, and the goaf water is effectively intercepted.

TABLE 1 Directional drilling parameters

b. Old air water treatment project for ground geophysical prospecting abnormal area

According to the ground three-dimensional earthquake and transient electromagnetic exploration results and combined with the old goaf water treatment experience of a main transportation roadway, the fact that dynamic old goaf water supply exists in the northeast direction of a working face is considered, 2# directional drilling holes are arranged in advance at the low positions of a well roadway and are drilled into a geophysical exploration abnormal area along a sandstone and mudstone stratum below a coal seam floor, the hole depth is 585m, the drilling hole is drilled into the goaf, and the initial water inflow amount is 65m³Per h, 3.93 x 10 of waste water is drained⁴m³(FIG. 12). No. 4 and No. 4-1 directional drilling holes are designed at the lower position to explore the geophysical exploration abnormal area in advance, and both the holes are drilled into the goaf, but no water is accumulated in the goaf (fig. 11 and 12).

c. Old empty water treatment project at 658m position of main transport lane

The main transportation lane 658m underground transient electromagnetic exploration shows that large-area old water exists at the left front and the right side of the head (figure 13), and in the range of a ground geophysical exploration abnormal area, 28 conventional water exploration and drainage drill holes and 9 drill holes are constructed to discharge water, wherein the maximum water inflow amount of No. 8 drill holes is 108m³H, after water is drained for 15 days, the water inflow quantity is reduced to 50m³After that, 17 conventional water detecting and discharging drill holes are constructed on the left side, 2 drill holes are discharged, wherein the water inflow of No. 4 drill holes is 68.85m at most³At the moment, the water inflow of No. 8 drilling is reduced to 0.6m³And h, the old empty dynamic water supply of the No. 8 drill hole is effectively intercepted by the No. 4 drill hole. The initial water inflow of No. 17 drilling hole on the right side is 78m³H, continuously replenishing the water drainage drill hole to accelerate the water drainage progress, and after 8 days of water drainage, the water inflow of the drill hole is attenuated to 0.2m³H, analysis considers the right anterior agedEmpty ponding and the old empty ponding region in left place ahead are not UNICOM, are the island state, and conventional drilling verification is utilized again, and the discovery only remains a small amount of old empty ponding in low-lying point department, is the non-pressure state of flowing automatically, is apart from the lane group 80m, has no influence to the tunnel tunnelling.

After the water is drained for 20 days, the water inflow of the No. 4 drill hole still cannot be reduced, so that the No. 4 conventional drill hole in the geophysical prospecting water-rich abnormal area is used as a target point, the No. 1 geophysical prospecting water-rich abnormal area is used as a target area, the No. 3 directional drill hole is designed at the lower point of the well lane elevation and stably drills into the low-lying part of the goaf along the sandstone and shale stratum below the coal seam floor to intercept old water, finally the hole depth is 699m and drills into the old goaf, and the water inflow is 67m³At the moment, the water inflow of No. 4 drilling is reduced to 0.1m³H is used as the reference value. After 5 days of water drainage, transient electromagnetic and direct current electrical prospecting is carried out again, the area of the No. 1 geophysical prospecting abnormal area is obviously reduced by 63 percent, the fact that directional drilling cuts off old empty water from a low position is proved to have a very good effect, meanwhile, the No. 3 geophysical prospecting abnormal area disappears, and the water accumulation area is verified to be an island type again, so that the water drainage is easy. But a No. 2 geophysical prospecting water-rich abnormal area is detected right in front of the roadway, and a plurality of conventional drilling verifications are adopted, so that no water is discharged. In order to accelerate the water drainage progress of the No. 1 water-rich abnormal area, branches 3-1 and 3-2 drill holes are drilled on the inner side of the No. 3 drill hole and are drilled into the old empty water accumulation area, the hole depths are 690m and 741m respectively, and the water inflow amount is 63m respectively³/h、73m³And h, analyzing and considering that the space of the old goaf at the front left is narrow and continuous, after water is drained continuously for 15 days, all conventional drill holes can not drain water, safe tunneling can be carried out again, and No. 3 directional drill holes are used for draining old goaf water by 4.53 multiplied by 104m in total³Here, the total time of water detection and drainage is 44 days. After the aged water is treated by No. 3 directional drilling, the main transportation roadway is communicated in 5.6 months by combining repeated geophysical prospecting with the conventional drilling water detecting and discharging technology, the average tunneling efficiency is 2.6m/d, and the tunneling efficiency is improved by 9 times.

3) Hole-cutting old air water treatment project

The length of the cut hole is 215m, as can be seen from fig. 11, the water damage of the air in the northeast part of the cut hole is serious, multiple geophysical prospecting is combined with the conventional drilling water detecting and discharging technology in the process of cutting hole and tunneling, the water detecting and discharging is carried out for 9 times in total, the average exploration is carried out once every 21m, and the tunneling time is 9 months in totalThe average tunneling efficiency is 0.8m/d, the tunneling speed is very slow, the longest water detection and discharge time of a single time is 34 days, the maximum number of the drill holes in the single water detection and discharge construction is 58, the shortest tunneling distance of a single time is 6m, the longest tunneling distance is 50m, and the maximum water inflow of the single drill hole is 20m³H is the ratio of the total weight of the catalyst to the total weight of the catalyst. In the process of cutting hole tunneling, old air dynamic supplementary water is found in the northeast direction, and specially designed No. 5 directional drilling holes cut old air water, but the drilling holes drill into a coal seam at a position of 600m, so that a drilling sticking accident occurs, and the cutting hole tunneling efficiency is seriously slow.

Transient electromagnetic and direct current electrical prospecting at the intersection of the main transportation lane and the cutting hole shows that an abnormal area exists in the northeast direction, and then 17 conventional water detecting and discharging drill holes and 2 drill holes are arranged in the northeast direction, wherein the water inflow of the No. 8 drill hole is 71.3m³Water inflow of 53m for No. 4 drilling hole/h³The old goaf water accumulation area is about 20m away from the cutting hole, after water is drained for 1 month, the water quantity cannot be attenuated, therefore, the +8 drilled hole with the largest water inflow is used as a target point, the geophysical exploration water-rich abnormal area is used as a target area, the long-distance directional drilled hole is used for intercepting and guiding old goaf water at the lower point of the elevation, the specially designed No. 6 directional drilled hole stably drills to the low-lying position of the old goaf along the sandstone and shale stratum below the coal seam floor to intercept and guide the old goaf water, and finally the hole depth 670m drills to the old goaf, the water inflow is 40m³At the moment, the water inflow of the No. 8 drilling hole is suddenly reduced to 13m³And the water inflow amount of the No. +4 drilling hole is reduced to 0, so that the compensation and drainage balance is achieved. 39.25 multiplied by 10 old water is drained through No. 6 directional drilling⁴m³And the subsequent safe tunneling of the cut hole is ensured. No. 5 and No. 6 directional drilling plane distance is only 50m, but No. 5 drilling gets into the coal seam, and No. 6 drilling gets into the old dead zone, can see that old dead zone UNICOM is complicated, and the distribution is unordered.

2. Engineering for preventing and treating old empty water in working face

According to old kiln survey data and underground exploration and analysis, the height of an old roadway in the working face is generally 2.2m, and the old goaf generally has the water supply of sandstone fracture water on the coal seam roof and residual water for old kiln production, so that island-shaped static old goaf water possibly exists in the working face, and the old goaf water in the working face needs to be explored in a full-covering manner to ensure the safe stoping of the working face.

And carrying out top and bottom plate audio frequency electric perspective and radio wave perspective detection on the main conveying lane and the auxiliary conveying lane, wherein the detection length is 1200m, the detection result shows that the upper layer has 2 strong water-rich abnormal areas, 1 fault is arranged in the working surface, and 3 old empty areas are arranged.

And designing and constructing 37 geophysical prospecting verification conventional drill holes in the main transport lane according to the detection result of the water-rich abnormal area, wherein 9 lower-layer old goaf drill holes are explored, 23 upper-layer old goaf drill holes are explored, 5 roof sandstone water-rich drill holes are explored, and 18 geophysical prospecting verification conventional drill holes are designed and constructed in the auxiliary transport lane (figure 14).

And designing and constructing 43 groups of geological exploration holes in a working face of a main transportation roadway at intervals of 20m for a geological abnormal area, considering exploration results of the exploration holes, drilling 3-4 holes in each group, and designing the longest drilling plane track to be 200 m. And designing and constructing 51 groups of drilled holes in the auxiliary conveying roadway, wherein each group comprises 1 drilled hole, and the length of the designed drilled hole plane is generally 30 m. 2 groups of drilled holes are designed and constructed in the cutting hole, each group comprises 4 drilled holes, and the longest designed drilling plane is 100 m. The geological drilling holes realize the full-coverage exploration of the working face and provide geological guarantee for the safe passing of the working face through the old goaf (figure 14)

3. Control of old water in working face extraction process

In the working face extraction process, advanced short-cut exploration is strictly executed until the extraction reaches 61m and 347m, the advanced short-cut exploration finds that old empty accumulated water remains in the low-lying position in front of the coal wall, advanced short-cut exploration drilling holes are encrypted and supplemented, the remaining accumulated water is thoroughly drained, and safe extraction is ensured. Along with the stoping of the working face, the rock stratum of the top plate and the bottom plate has a 'three-zone' damage phenomenon, in order to ensure that the +8 drill holes at the intersection of the main conveying roadway and the cutting hole stably drain old air dynamic make-up water for a long time, along with the stoping of the working face, the seamless steel pipe is buried at the position and extends to the outer side of the roadway, and after the stoping of the working face is carried out for 13 months, the water inflow of the seamless steel pipe is still about 30m³And h, 850m has been safely mined on the current working face, and 1.37Mt of coal resources are liberated.

Therefore, the invention has the advantages that:

the directional drilling track is drilled to the position of a broken zone of a bottom plate of an old goaf along the bottom plate of a coal seam, old goaf water is drained in advance by utilizing a broken crack of the bottom plate, the position and the accumulated water quantity of the old goaf can be preliminarily judged according to the drainage result of the directional drilling, a basis is provided for drilling into the old goaf by utilizing a wide-wing-piece spiral drilling tool matched with the directional drilling tool again, the situation that the old goaf or a local coal seam is broken and easily causes drill clamping and hole collapse is avoided along the directional drilling track stably drilled on the bottom plate of the coal seam, the hole forming rate of the directional drilling is improved, the crack of the broken zone of the bottom plate and the directional drilling are fully utilized, and the possibility that the old goaf coal slag and the like block the drilling is reduced.

The roadway driving advanced detection guarantee system can visually compare errors of a designed track and an actual drilling track, can construct a three-dimensional space form of the goaf according to the drilling exploration exposure goaf and the drilling water burst condition, and can increase exploration drilling holes according to the three-dimensional space form of the goaf, so that the water accumulation condition of the goaf can be analyzed more comprehensively and accurately.

In the process of tunneling, a small-aperture advanced short-probe drilling hole is constructed by using a miniature drilling machine convenient to transport, the method is convenient and rapid, the safe tunneling of the roadway is also guaranteed in real time, and static scattered old empty water at a low-lying position in front of the roadway is thoroughly drained.

The geophysical prospecting verifies that the conventional drilling realizes the full-coverage exploration of a geophysical water-rich abnormal area and a geological abnormal area in a working face, eliminates the threat of old empty water, provides geological information for safe recovery and saves time for safe and efficient production of mines.

The full-coverage exploration drilling design of the working face is that the drilling is drilled from a roadway with a relatively low elevation to a roadway with a relatively high elevation, the drilling density is high, full-coverage exploration between two roadways of the working face is realized, old open water threats in the working face are basically eliminated, and the full-coverage exploration drilling and geophysical prospecting verification drilling are designed and constructed simultaneously, so that the drilling is fully utilized.

In the working face stoping process, 4 technologies of mining and exploring at the same time are adopted, namely advanced short-distance detection, advanced prejudgment, roadway detection and dynamic goaf water dredging technologies, so that real-time safe stoping of the working face is comprehensively guaranteed.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. The method for preventing and controlling old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by a small kiln in the same thick coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step five, if the exploration result in the step three indicates that an old air and rich water abnormal area exists in front of the head of the roadway, exploring according to a conventional drilling mode in the step four, or constructing a three-dimensional space form of the old goaf by utilizing a roadway tunneling advanced exploration guarantee system according to the old goaf explored by drilling exploration and the water burst condition of the drilling, increasing exploration drilling holes according to the three-dimensional space form of the old goaf, if water burst occurs in the drilling, or water burst occurs in drilling verification in the step four, when the water burst amount of the drilling is small and the attenuation is fast, judging as a static reserve amount, continuously evacuating old air water by adopting the conventional drilling, and according to the water attenuation condition, mutually verifying for many times by adopting geophysical exploration and drilling in the water evacuation process, if the geophysical exploration and the drilling have no abnormity, the roadway can be safely excavated, and the old air water damage in the roadway excavation process is realized according to the water exploration-excavation-water circulation operation mode, if the abnormal area still exists, mutually verifying and probing for many times by using conventional drilling and geophysical prospecting again until the abnormality is eliminated;

step nine, after a roadway system is formed, cutting holes from a working face to a mining stop line, designing a group of drill holes at intervals of 20m, drilling the drill holes from a roadway with a relatively low elevation to a roadway with a relatively high elevation, namely, the drill holes penetrate through the whole working face, designing 5 drill holes in each group, drilling 1 drill hole along the inclination angle of the coal seam to explore a lower-layer old goaf, exploring an upper-layer old goaf at intervals of 50m on the other 4 drill hole planes respectively, designing the final hole position as a coal seam roof, and penetrating 5 drill holes through the whole working face to realize full-coverage exploration; and (4) designing and constructing the full-coverage exploration drilling hole and the geophysical verified drilling hole in the step eight at the same time to fully utilize the drilling hole.

2. The method for preventing and treating the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the second step, the long-distance directional drilling adopts a 6-section arc structure with a drilling track of a casing section, a straight section, a bent section and a straight section, the drilling track firstly drills to the position of a broken zone of a bottom plate of the old goaf, old goaf water is firstly drained by utilizing a broken crack of the bottom plate, the position and the water accumulation amount of the old goaf are preliminarily judged according to the drilling drainage result when the water inflow in the hole is reduced to 0, and then the directional drilling tool is used for matching with a wide-fin spiral drilling tool to normally drill or a side drilling branch drilling tool to drill into the old goaf so as to drain water.

3. The method for preventing and treating the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the drilling verification method in the fourth step is that according to the requirements of coal mine water control regulations, conventional drill holes are arranged at the head of a roadway, the hole diameter of each drill hole is phi 75mm, the angle of each drill hole is mainly positive, the drill holes meet the final hole of a roof or an old goaf, the depth of each hole is generally designed to be 100m, and the advance distance of each drill hole is 30 m.

4. The method for preventing and treating the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the fourth step, if the drilling verification is abnormal, the roadway is allowed to be tunneled, if the drilling verification comprises advanced short detection, 9 small-aperture drill holes are arranged in each cycle, the miniature drilling machine convenient to transport is utilized for construction, the effective detection distance is 13m, the shortest hole depth of the drill holes is actually used as the effective detection distance, the advance distance is 5m, the single tunneling distance is 8m, and the single total tunneling distance is 70 m.

5. The method for preventing and treating the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and fifthly, if the geophysical prospecting and the drilling are abnormal, the roadway can be safely tunneled, and the single tunneling distance of the roadway is the shortest probing distance when water gushes appear in a conventional drill hole or an old goaf is uncovered.

6. The method for preventing and treating the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and sixthly, when the water level can not be reduced and the drainage water amount reaches dynamic balance, taking the superposed area of the ground and the underground geophysical prospecting strong water-rich abnormal area as a target area of directional drilling, and selecting the final hole position of the conventional drilling with the largest head-on water inflow as a target point of the directional drilling.

7. The method for preventing and treating the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step ten, the advanced short-term exploration is to perform mining on the working face after the old empty water in the roadway and the working face is treated, and during mining, the miniature drilling machine is used for performing advanced short-term exploration from the coal wall of the working face to the right front of the working face so as to explore the old empty area and drain trace accumulated water at the low-lying part of the old empty area; the advanced short-detection single-time exploration distance is 15m, the advance distance is kept at 5m, and the mining distance is 10 m; the advanced short-cut drilling is designed into an A cycle and a B cycle, 1 group of drilling holes are designed at the interval of 10m for the A cycle, 2 drilling holes are designed for each group, the drilling holes are all drilled towards the front, wherein the drilling hole No. 1 is designed to be drilled to the final hole of the top plate of the coal seam, the drilling hole No. 2 is drilled along the front of the coal seam, and the shortest hole depth is used as an effective detection distance for all the drilling holes; after the working face is safely mined for 10m, the B circulation exploration is started, 1 group of drill holes are designed for the B circulation at the interval of 10m and are intersected with the A circulation at the interval of 5m, so that a blind zone can be avoided, and the exploration and recovery efficiency can be improved.

8. The method for preventing and treating the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and step ten, the advance prejudging technology focuses on a geophysical exploration water-rich abnormal area, old empty lane exposure conditions are combined, old empty water permeable signs such as sweat and water seepage of a coal wall are observed at any time in the stoping process, if the water permeable signs are found, coal mining is stopped immediately, old empty water in front of the coal caving wall is explored by a drilling machine until all the abnormalities are eliminated, coal mining is started again, and the mining distance is still the shortest effective distance of the advance short exploration.

9. The method for preventing and treating the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step ten, the roadway exploration technology, namely the full-coverage exploration of the working face is influenced by factors such as the density of drilled holes and hole inclination, and accumulated water in the old roadway can not be drained completely by utilizing conventional drilled holes, so that if the old roadway is exposed in the extraction process, the position and the accumulated water condition of the old roadway can be checked on the premise of ensuring safety, and the hidden danger of water damage of old goaf can be eliminated as far as possible by checking the drainage of the old roadway.

10. The method for preventing and treating the old empty water of the integrated mine from being damaged by the small kiln in the same thick coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the dynamic goaf water drainage technology in the step ten is that as the working face is stoped, the drilling hole of the drained water is influenced by mining, the situation that a hole collapses and blocks the drilling hole occurs, so that the water level and the water amount of the goaf water rise, and the working face is threatened to be stoped again, so that as the working face is stoped, conventional drilling or directional drilling is carried out in the special mining direction of goaf dynamic supply direction to drain the goaf water, or a steel pipe and the like are buried in the goaf to drain the goaf water, and the water level and the water amount are prevented from rising again.