CN114562228B - A Drilling Accident Handling Device for Improving Well Integrity - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a drilling accident treatment device for improving the integrity of the well, which includes a joint, a flat key, a pressing piston, a positioning pin, a sliding sleeve, a casing, a plugging wire, slips, a mandrel, a ball, a return spring, and a pin spring , sealing ring and stroke pin, when a fish fall accident occurs in the well, the mandrel enters into the fish, the slip teeth are in contact with the inner wall of the fish, and the axial grooves set at the lower end of the slips make the slip teeth elastic and grip the fish tightly At this time, the pipe string is lifted up, the joint and the mandrel move upward with the pipe string, the slips are restrained by the falling fish and move downward relative to the mandrel, and the inclined cone acts on the trumpet-shaped inner wall at the lower end of the slips, making the slip teeth The outer diameter becomes larger and the gripping force with the fish is increased, and the fish is lifted up with the pipe string and taken out from the well; when the accident handling device is holding the fish tightly, but the fish is stuck too tightly When lifting, the pipe string is lowered, the joint and mandrel move slightly downward with the pipe string, the shell and slips move upward relative to the mandrel, and the slip teeth shrink and separate from the fish.

Description

A Drilling Accident Handling Device for Improving Well Integrity

technical field

The invention relates to a downhole device, in particular to a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical engineering or drilling engineering.

Background technique

During drilling, completion and downhole operations, drill pipes, drill collars, casings, and tubing strings are stuck or broken, drill bit rollers are dropped, logging instruments or cables are stuck, cable wire ropes are pulled, and packers are stuck Normal drilling, workover, and completion operations are interrupted due to factors such as sand sinking, severe lost circulation, well collapse, and blowout. It is necessary to use fishing tools or take special measures to relieve leakage, collapse, jamming, and blowout to resume normal operations. According to past domestic statistics, for every five wells repaired, there may be four wells that need to be salvaged. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare common fishing tools and understand common fishing techniques.

A variety of tools are used for fishing operations, such as retractable overshot, three-ball overshot, retractable fishing spear, casing fishing spear, magnetic overshot, reverse circulation magnetic overshot, fishing cup, reverse circulation Strong magnetic fishing basket, etc. The current domestic mainstream fishing tool is a retractable slip fishing spear. If the fishing tool cannot safely remove the fish during fishing operations, the fishing spear can be withdrawn to prevent secondary downhole accidents. However, the contact area between the fishing slips of many fishing spears and the inner wall of the fallen fish is small, and the radial expansion force is concentrated, which is easy to swell and crack the fallen fish, losing the fishing effect, and the way of rotating the drill string is often used to realize the gripping and loosening of the falling fish. It is difficult to operate and easy to damage the tool, so it is of great significance to design a fishing tool that is easy to operate, simple in structure, safe and reliable.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to propose a drilling accident treatment device for improving the integrity of the well, which is used for salvaging fish falling down the well, and the fishing device can also be withdrawn when the fish cannot be safely taken out.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity, including a joint, a pressure piston, a casing, a slip and a mandrel; the joint includes a pipe string connection buckle, a joint keyway, a supporting step, a joint pin hole, a lower end buckle and a stroke pin mounting hole; the pressing piston includes a sealing ring groove, a travel pin groove, a positioning pin groove and a control hook; the housing includes a housing keyway, a housing pin hole, a housing step, a housing ball groove and a ball mounting hole; the snap The shoe includes slip ball grooves, slip teeth and axial grooves; the mandrel includes a control groove, a mandrel connection buckle and an inclined cone surface; the pipe string connection buckle of the joint is connected to the pipe string at the upper end of the accident handling device, The lower end buckle of the joint is connected with the mandrel connecting buckle of the mandrel by thread; the pin hole of the joint and the positioning pin groove are provided with a positioning pin, and a pin spring is provided between the step of the positioning pin and the supporting step; the keyway of the joint and the housing A flat key is provided in the keyway to limit the relative rotation between the joint and the shell, and at the same time ensure that the pin holes of the shell are aligned with the pin holes of the joint.

Further, the shell is connected with the slips through balls, and the balls are inserted into the ball grooves of the shell and the ball grooves of the slips through the ball mounting holes, and the plugging wire is installed in the ball mounting holes through threads to prevent the balls from falling off; the steps of the shell A sliding sleeve is provided to prevent mud and sand from entering the shell pin hole.

Further, the lower end of the slip is provided with an axial groove, so that the lower end of the slip is cut into multi-lobe slip teeth; the inner wall of the lower end of the slip is trumpet-shaped, and fits with the inclined cone surface of the mandrel.

Further, a return spring is provided between the pressing piston and the mandrel.

Further, a sealing ring is provided in the sealing ring groove between the inner wall of the joint and the outer wall of the pressure piston.

Further, one end of the travel pin is installed in the travel pin installation hole, and the other end is inserted into the travel pin slot, and the travel pin slot is elongated.

Further, the control hook includes a main rod of the control hook, an auxiliary rod of the control hook and a control head, the main rod of the control hook and the auxiliary rod of the control hook are V-shaped, and the control head is arranged at the end of the auxiliary rod of the control hook; the control hook One end of the main rod is fixed on the pressing piston, and the control hook is located in the control groove when it is working.

Further, the control groove includes a bottom surface of the control groove, a side surface of the control groove, a limiting groove, a limiting boss and an inclined surface of the control groove.

Further, when the mud pump is turned on, the fluid in the drill string drives the pressure piston to move downward, pushing the positioning pin out of the positioning pin groove, and the positioning pin compresses the pin spring and enters the pin hole of the casing. At this time, the return spring is under pressure and the control The head falls over the limit boss along the slope of the control groove and falls into the limit groove. The end face of the control head is constrained by the step surface of the limit boss to limit the upward movement of the pressure piston. The limitation of the pin hole makes the slips and the mandrel unable to move relative to each other; when the mud pump is turned off and then turned on again, the control head slides out of the limit groove along the slope of the limit groove, and the auxiliary rod of the control hook moves closer to the main rod of the control hook That is, the V-shaped opening between the main rod of the control hook and the auxiliary rod of the control hook becomes smaller. After the mud flows smoothly, the pressure piston will move upwards under the drive of the return spring, and the control head will slide along the side of the control groove toward the slope of the control groove. When the control head slides over the limit boss, it will move to the space next to the slope of the control groove under the action of the elastic force of the control hook, that is, the V-shaped opening between the main rod of the control hook and the auxiliary rod of the control hook becomes larger. During this process, the positioning pin is on the pin Re-enter the dowel slot under spring action.

Further, when a fish falling accident occurs in the oil and gas wellbore, the accident handling device is lowered, the mandrel first enters the falling fish, the slip teeth are in contact with the inner wall of the falling fish under the guidance of the mandrel, and the lower end of the slip is set The axial groove makes the slip teeth elastic and grips the inner wall of the falling fish. At this time, the pipe string is lifted up, the joint and the mandrel move upward with the pipe string, and the slips are restrained by the falling fish and move downward relative to the mandrel. Acting on the trumpet-shaped inner wall at the lower end of the slips, the outer diameter of the slip teeth becomes larger and the gripping force between the slips and the fish is increased, and the fish is lifted up with the pipe string and taken out of the well; when the accident handling device is biting When the fish is caught tightly, but the fish is stuck too tightly to be lifted up, the pipe string is lowered, the joint and the mandrel move slightly downward with the pipe string, the shell and the slips move upward relative to the mandrel, and the slip teeth shrink And separate from the falling fish, turn on the mud pump, the pressure of the mud will press down the pressure piston, the positioning pin compresses the pin spring and enters the pin hole of the shell, so that the joint and the shell cannot move relative to each other, at this time the control head crosses the limit along the slope of the control groove The boss falls into the limit groove, and the end face of the control head is constrained by the step surface of the limit boss to limit the upward movement of the pressure piston. During this process, the stroke pin can limit the stroke of the pressure piston. Then the falling fish can be prevented from jamming the accident handling device.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the slips in the device have a large contact area with the inner wall of the fish, which helps to protect the fish; (2) when the fish cannot be taken out safely, It is also possible to exit the salvage gear.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a full-section structure of a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another full-section structure of a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to the present invention;

Fig. 4 is A-A cross-sectional schematic diagram among Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the B-B cross-sectional schematic diagram in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a joint of a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a pressure piston of a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to the present invention;

Fig. 8 is another structural schematic diagram of a pressure piston of a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to the present invention;

Fig. 9 is another structural schematic diagram of a pressure piston of a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to the present invention;

Fig. 10 is another structural schematic diagram of a pressure piston of a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the control hook on the pressure piston of a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of the casing of a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of slips of a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to the present invention;

Fig. 14 is a structural schematic diagram of a mandrel of a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to the present invention;

Fig. 15 is another schematic structural view of the mandrel of a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to the present invention;

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of part I in Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is a structural schematic diagram of a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to the present invention when the pressure piston cooperates with the mandrel;

Fig. 18 is another structural schematic view of a drilling accident handling device for improving well integrity of the present invention when the pressure piston cooperates with the mandrel;

Fig. 19 is a structural schematic diagram of a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity of the present invention when the pressure piston moves down and the return spring is compressed;

In the figure: 1. Joint, 1a. Pipe string connection buckle, 1b. Joint keyway, 1c. Supporting step, 1d. Joint pin hole, 1e. Lower end buckle, 1f. Travel pin installation hole, 2. Flat key, 3. Press Moving piston, 3a. sealing ring groove, 3b. travel pin groove, 3c. positioning pin groove, 3d. control hook, 3m. control hook main rod, 3n. control hook auxiliary rod, 3s. control head, 4. positioning pin, 5. Sliding sleeve, 6. Shell, 6a. Shell keyway, 6b. Shell pin hole, 6c. Shell step, 6d. Shell ball groove, 6e. Ball mounting hole, 7. Plugging wire, 8. Slip, 8a. Sleeve ball groove, 8b. Slip teeth, 8c. Axial groove, 9. Mandrel, 9a. Control groove, 9b. Mandrel connecting buckle, 9c. Inclined cone surface, 9k. Bottom surface of control groove, 9m. Limiting groove Slot, 9n. Slope of control groove, 9r. Limiting boss, 9s. Side of control groove, 10. Ball, 11. Return spring, 12. Pin spring, 13. Seal ring, 14. Travel pin.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example:

As shown in Figures 1-19, this embodiment relates to a drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity, including a joint 1, a pressure piston 3, a casing 6, slips 8 and a mandrel 9; the joint 1 includes a pipe Column connection buckle 1a, joint keyway 1b, support step 1c, joint pin hole 1d, lower end buckle 1e and stroke pin installation hole 1f; the pressure piston 3 includes a sealing ring groove 3a, a stroke pin groove 3b, a positioning pin groove 3c and control hook 3d; the housing 6 includes a housing keyway 6a, a housing pin hole 6b, a housing step 6c, a housing ball groove 6d and a ball mounting hole 6e; the slip 8 includes a slip ball groove 8a, a slip tooth 8b and a shaft to the groove 8c; the mandrel 9 includes a control groove 9a, a mandrel connection buckle 9b and an inclined cone surface 9c; the pipe string connection buckle 1a of the joint 1 is connected to the pipe string at the upper end of the accident handling device, and the lower end buckle of the joint 1 1e is threadedly connected to the mandrel connecting buckle 9b of the mandrel 9; the locating pin 4 is arranged in the joint pin hole 1d and the locating pin groove 3c, and a pin spring 12 is provided between the step of the locating pin 4 and the supporting step 1c; A flat key 2 is provided in the joint keyway 1b and the shell keyway 6a to limit the relative rotation between the joint 1 and the shell 6, and at the same time ensure that the pin holes 6b of the shell are aligned with the pin holes 1d of the joint.

The housing 6 is connected to the slips 8 through balls 10, the balls 10 are inserted into the housing ball groove 6d and the slips ball groove 8a through the ball mounting hole 6e, and the plugging wire 7 is installed in the ball mounting hole 6e through threads to prevent the balls 10 from slipping. fall off; the casing step 6c is provided with a sliding sleeve 5 to prevent mud and sand from entering the casing pin hole 6b.

The lower end of the slip 8 is provided with an axial groove 8c, thereby cutting the lower end of the slip 8 into multi-lobe slip teeth 8b; .

A return spring 11 is provided between the pressure piston 3 and the mandrel 9 .

A sealing ring 13 is provided in the sealing ring groove 3 a between the inner wall of the joint 1 and the outer wall of the pressure piston 3 .

One end of the travel pin 14 is installed in the travel pin installation hole 1f, and the other end is inserted into the travel pin slot 3b, and the travel pin slot 3b is in the shape of a long strip.

The control hook 3d comprises a control hook main rod 3m, a control hook auxiliary rod 3n and a control head 3s, the control hook main rod 3m and the control hook auxiliary rod 3n are V-shaped, and the control head 3s is arranged at the end of the control hook auxiliary rod 3n ; One end of the control hook main rod 3m is fixed on the pressure piston 3, and the control hook 3d is located in the control groove 9a during operation.

The control groove 9a includes a control groove bottom surface 9k, a control groove side surface 9s, a limiting groove 9m, a limiting boss 9r and a control groove slope 9n.

In this embodiment, when the mud pump is turned on, the fluid in the drill string drives the pressure piston 3 to move downward, pushing the positioning pin 4 out of the positioning pin groove 3c, and the positioning pin 4 compresses the pin spring 12 and enters the housing pin hole 6b At this time, the return spring 11 is under pressure, and the control head 3s crosses the limit boss 9r along the control groove slope 9n and falls into the limit groove 9m. The end face of the control head 3s is constrained by the step surface of the limit boss 9r to limit the pressure piston 3 move upward, during this process, due to the restriction of the positioning pin 4 on the joint pin hole 1d and the housing pin hole 6b, the slip 8 and the mandrel 9 cannot move relative to each other; when the mud pump is turned off and then turned on again, the control head 3s along the The slope of the limit groove 9m slides out of the limit groove 9m, and the control hook auxiliary rod 3n moves closer to the control hook main rod 3m, that is, the V-shaped opening between the control hook main rod 3m and the control hook auxiliary rod 3n becomes smaller. After the flow, the pressure piston 3 will move upward under the drive of the return spring 11, and the control head 3s will slide along the control groove side 9s to the control groove slope 9n. Move down to the space next to the control groove slope 9n under the action of elastic force, that is, the V-shaped opening between the control hook main rod 3m and the control hook auxiliary rod 3n becomes larger, and during this process, the positioning pin 4 re-enters the positioning pin groove under the action of the pin spring 12 3c.

When this embodiment is applied, when a fish falling accident occurs in the oil and gas wellbore, the accident handling device is lowered, and the mandrel 9 first enters into the falling fish, and the slip teeth 8b contact with the inner wall of the falling fish under the guidance of the mandrel 9 Contact, the axial groove 8c provided at the lower end of the slip 8 makes the slip tooth 8b elastic and grips the inner wall of the fish. At this time, the pipe string is lifted, the joint 1 and the mandrel 9 move upward with the pipe string, and the slip 8 is dropped. The fish is restrained and moves downward relative to the mandrel 9, and the inclined cone surface 9c acts on the trumpet-shaped inner wall at the lower end of the slips 8, making the outer diameter of the slip teeth 8b larger and increasing the gripping force between the falling fish and the falling fish. Lift it up with the pipe string and take it out from the well; when the accident handling device is holding the fish tightly, but the fish is stuck too tightly to be lifted up, the pipe string will be lowered, and the joint 1 and mandrel 9 will be slightly downward along with the pipe string. The shell 6 and the slips 8 move upwards relative to the mandrel 9, the slip teeth 8b contract and separate from the fish, the mud pump is turned on, the pressure of the mud presses down the pressure piston 3, and the positioning pin 4 compresses the pin spring 12 And enter the pin hole 6b of the shell, so that the joint 1 and the shell 6 cannot move relatively. At this time, the control head 3s crosses the limit boss 9r along the control groove slope 9n and falls into the limit groove 9m, and the end surface of the control head 3s is limited. The step surface of the platform 9r restricts the upward movement of the pressure piston 3. During this process, the stroke pin 14 can limit the stroke of the pressure piston 3. Lifting the string in this state can prevent the accident handling device from being stuck by falling fish .

The specific embodiments described above are used to illustrate the present invention rather than limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of the present invention belong to the system of the present invention scope of protection.

Claims (7)

1. A drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity is characterized in that it comprises joint (1), pressure piston (3), shell (6), slips (8) and mandrel (9); The joint (1) includes a pipe string connection button (1a), a joint keyway (1b), a support step (1c), a joint pin hole (1d), a lower end buckle (1e) and a travel pin installation hole (1f); The piston (3) includes a sealing ring groove (3a), a travel pin groove (3b), a positioning pin groove (3c) and a control hook (3d); the housing (6) includes a housing keyway (6a), a housing pin hole (6b ), shell steps (6c), shell ball grooves (6d) and ball mounting holes (6e); the slips (8) include slip ball grooves (8a), slip teeth (8b) and axial grooves (8c ); the mandrel (9) includes a control groove (9a), a mandrel connection buckle (9b) and an inclined cone surface (9c); the pipe string connection buckle (1a) of the joint (1) and the upper end of the accident handling device The pipe string connection, the lower end buckle (1e) of the joint (1) and the mandrel connecting buckle (9b) of the mandrel (9) are threaded; the joint pin hole (1d) and the positioning pin groove (3c) are provided with There is a positioning pin (4), and a pin spring (12) is provided between the step of the positioning pin (4) and the supporting step (1c); a flat key (2) is provided in the joint keyway (1b) and the shell keyway (6a) , used to limit the relative rotation between the joint (1) and the housing (6), while ensuring that the housing pin holes (6b) are aligned with the joint pin holes (1d); the control hook (3d) includes a control hook main rod (3m) , the control hook auxiliary rod (3n) and the control head (3s), the control hook main rod (3m) and the control hook auxiliary rod (3n) are V-shaped, the control head (3s) is set at the end of the control hook auxiliary rod (3n) part; one end of the main rod of the control hook (3m) is fixed on the pressure piston (3), and the control hook (3d) is located in the control groove (9a) during operation; the control groove (9a) includes the bottom surface of the control groove (9k), control groove side (9s), limit groove (9m), limit boss (9r) and control groove slope (9n); when the mud pump is turned on, the fluid in the drill string drives the pressure piston ( 3) Move down, push the positioning pin (4) out of the positioning pin groove (3c), the positioning pin (4) compresses the pin spring (12) and enters the pin hole (6b) of the housing, at this time the return spring (11) is under pressure , the control head (3s) falls into the limit groove (9m) over the limit boss (9r) along the slope of the control groove (9n), and the end face of the control head (3s) is constrained by the step surface of the limit boss (9r) so that Restrict the upward movement of the pressure piston (3), during which the slips (8) and the mandrel (9) cannot be opposed due to the restriction of the positioning pin (4) on the joint pin hole (1d) and the housing pin hole (6b) Move; when the mud pump is turned off and turned on again, the control head (3s) slides out of the limit groove (9m) along the slope of the limit groove (9m), and the control hook auxiliary rod (3n) moves toward the control hook main rod ( 3m) closer means that the V-shaped opening between the control hook main rod (3m) and the control hook auxiliary rod (3n) becomes smaller, and the pressure piston (3) will move upwards driven by the return spring (11) after the mud flows smoothly , the control head (3s) slides along the control groove side (9s) to the control groove slope (9n), when the control head (3s) slides over the limit boss (9r), it will move down under the elastic force of the control hook (3d) The space next to the control groove slope (9n), that is, the V-shaped opening between the control hook main rod (3m) and the control hook auxiliary rod (3n), becomes larger. During this process, the positioning pin (4) acts on the pin spring (12) down and re-enter the dowel slot (3c). 2. A drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to claim 1, characterized in that, the housing (6) is connected with the slips (8) through balls (10), and the balls (10) are connected by balls The mounting hole (6e) is inserted into the shell ball groove (6d) and the slip ball groove (8a), and the plugging wire (7) is threadedly installed in the ball mounting hole (6e) to prevent the ball (10) from falling off; the shell A sliding sleeve (5) is provided on the step (6c) to prevent mud and sand from entering the housing pin hole (6b). 3. A drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to claim 1, characterized in that, the lower end of the slips (8) is provided with an axial groove (8c), so that the slips (8) The lower end is cut into multi-lobe slip teeth (8b); the inner wall of the lower end of the slips (8) is trumpet-shaped, and fits with the inclined cone surface (9c) of the mandrel (9). 4. A drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to claim 1, characterized in that a return spring (11) is provided between the pressure piston (3) and the mandrel (9). 5. A drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sealing ring groove (3a) between the inner wall of the joint (1) and the outer wall of the pressure piston (3) is provided with There is sealing ring (13). 6. A drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of the travel pin (14) is installed in the travel pin installation hole (1f), and the other end is inserted into the travel pin In the groove (3b), the stroke pin groove (3b) is elongated. 7. A kind of drilling accident treatment device for improving well integrity according to claim 1, characterized in that, when a fish falling accident occurs in the oil and gas wellbore, the described accident treatment device is lowered, and the mandrel (9) first Entering the fish, the slip teeth (8b) contact the inner wall of the fish under the guidance of the mandrel (9), and the axial grooves (8c) provided at the lower end of the slips (8) make the slip teeth (8b) elastic and Bite the inner wall of the fish tightly, and lift the pipe string at this time, the joint (1) and the mandrel (9) move upward with the pipe string, the slips (8) are restrained by the fish and move downward relative to the mandrel (9), obliquely The tapered surface (9c) acts on the trumpet-shaped inner wall at the lower end of the slips (8), making the outer diameter of the slips (8b) larger and increasing the gripping force between the slips (8b) and the fish. Take it out from the well; when the accident handling device is gripping the fallen fish, but the fish is stuck too tightly to be lifted up, the pipe string will be lowered, and the joint (1) and mandrel (9) will move downward slightly with the pipe string , the shell (6) and slips (8) move upward relative to the mandrel (9), the slip teeth (8b) shrink and separate from the fish, and the mud pump is turned on, and the pressure of the mud presses down the piston (3) , the positioning pin (4) compresses the pin spring (12) and enters the shell pin hole (6b), so that the joint (1) and the shell (6) cannot move relative to each other. At this time, the control head (3s) passes along the control groove slope (9n) The limit boss (9r) falls into the limit groove (9m), and the end face of the control head (3s) is constrained by the step surface of the limit boss (9r) to limit the upward movement of the pressure piston (3). During this process, the stroke The pin (14) can limit the stroke of the pressure piston (3), and lifting the string in this state can prevent the falling fish from blocking the accident handling device.

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