CN114561296A - Aspergillus aculeatus and application thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to aspergillus aculeatus and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of microorganisms. The Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) at 27 months 9 and 2021, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 23267. The strain, the culture and the extract thereof have obvious inhibition effect on 4 plant pathogenic fungi, namely sugarcane black spot, apple ring spot, corn northern leaf blight and orange brown spot pathogenic bacteria, have wide application prospect and are easy to popularize and apply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and particularly relates to aspergillus aculeatus and application thereof.
Background
Aspergillus (Aspergillus) has over 180 species, and is rich in alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, polyketides and xanthones, which have interesting activities as antimicrobial, antifouling, antifeedant and phytotoxin. Aspergillus aculeatus is a filamentous fungus, an Aspergillus Niger (Aspergillus Niger) belonging to the genus Aspergillus.
Sugarcane black spot is a worldwide disease caused by Ustilago scitaminea Syd, and is also the most main fungal disease which is harmful to sugarcane production in China. The black spot disease generally occurs in sugarcane planting provinces in China, is more serious especially on dry land sugarcane and perennial root sugarcane, the incidence rate of some sugarcane fields is as high as 80% -90%, and the sustainable development of the sugarcane industry is seriously influenced.
The ring rot of apple is one of the main diseases in apple production in China caused by ring rot of apple, the disease is common in main production areas of various large apples in China, and can be continuously attacked in the storage period of fruits, thereby seriously affecting the healthy development of the apple industry.
The corn leaf spot is a corn leaf disease caused by corn leaf spot (Setosphaeria turcica), and after the corn leaf spot is infected by a disease bacterium, water stain-like spots appear on plant leaves firstly, and then the plant leaves expand to two ends along a leaf vein to form typical spindle-shaped disease spots, so that the photosynthesis of the leaves is seriously influenced. The method occurs under the conditions of high humidity and medium temperature, and can cause the crop to reduce the yield by more than 50 percent when infected seriously by infected varieties, even the crop is not harvested.
The citrus brown spot is a defoliating disease caused by the fungus Alternaria alternate, and germs mainly damage tender leaves, new shoots and young fruits (the fruits can be damaged in the whole growth period of high-susceptibility varieties), cause defoliation, fruit drop and dead shoots, and cause the non-shedding fruits to cause the lesion spots to be not sold on the market. The fruit of the affected plant may be infected and cause severe fruit drop from the moment the fruit is set up until the moment the fruit is harvested.
In recent years, the environmental pollution caused by chemical pesticides is increasingly emphasized, the health concern of human beings is gradually improved, and the development of novel pesticides which are harmonious with the environment, low in toxicity and even pollution-free is a trend. At present, insect killing and bacteria inhibiting agents which take plants and microorganisms as sources become hot spots of modern pesticide development.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provide the aspergillus aculeatus, the strain has the characteristics of easy culture, high yield, stable culture characteristics and the like, and the culture has higher bacteriostatic activity on the 4 plant pathogenic fungi.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) at 27 th month 9 in 2021 with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 23267.
The invention also provides application of the Aspergillus aculeatus XL-0044 in preparation of a bacteriostatic agent.
Further, preferably, the fungi inhibited by the bacteriostatic agent comprise sugarcane black spot, apple ring spot, corn northern leaf blight and orange brown spot pathogenic bacteria.
Further, it is preferable that the active ingredient in the bacteriostatic agent comprises the culture of Aspergillus aculeatus (XL-0044).
Further, it is preferable that the culture of Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 is a liquid culture;
the culture method comprises the following steps: inoculating Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 on a PDA slant culture medium by streaking, and culturing in an incubator at 28 deg.C for 3-5 days;
preparing a PDB liquid culture medium, directly inoculating the grown inclined plane into the PDB liquid culture medium, culturing for 15-20 days in a shaking table at 28 ℃ and 180rpm, and taking out to obtain a liquid culture;
the PDA slant culture medium contains: 3g/L of potato extract powder, 20g/L of glucose, 14g/L of agar and 5.6 +/-0.2 of pH value;
the PDB liquid culture medium contains: 5g/L of potato extract powder, 15g/L of glucose, 10g/L of peptone and 5g/L of sodium chloride.
The invention also provides the Aspergillus aculeatus XL-0044 culture.
The invention also provides application of the Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 culture in preparation of a bacteriostatic agent, which is characterized in that active ingredients in the bacteriostatic agent comprise extracts of the Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 culture; the extract is obtained by extracting an Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 culture serving as a raw material by using an organic solvent.
Further, it is preferable that the organic solvent is ethyl acetate.
The invention also provides an extract of the Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 culture.
The Aspergillus aculeatus XL-0044 culture can also be obtained by culturing Aspergillus aculeatus XL-0044 serving as a raw material in a PDA culture medium, a PDB culture medium and the like which are conventional in the field.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides an aspergillus aculeatus bacterium and application thereof, wherein a liquid culture of the aspergillus aculeatus XL-0044 has obvious inhibiting effect on 4 strains of sugarcane black spot (NB-01, Ustilago scitaminea Syd.), apple ring spot pathogen (NB-03, Borgyosporia dothidea), corn northern leaf spot (NB-06, Setosphaeria turica) and orange brown spot pathogen (YB-05, Alternaria alternata), and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of a crude extract of the liquid culture can reach 12.5ug/ml, so that the liquid culture has good application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a single colony morphology (PDA plate) of Aspergillus aculeatus XL-0044; wherein, FIG. 1-A is a front view of the plate; FIG. 1-B is a back view of the plate;
aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 which has been deposited in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) at 27 days 9 and 2021, with the deposition number of CGMCC No.23267, with the deposition address of No. 3 Hospital No.1, China institute of sciences, North Chen Xilu, Inward, Beijing.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The materials or equipment used are not indicated by manufacturers, and all are conventional products available by purchase.
Example 1 origin and identification of Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044
(ii) A. aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 source
A fungus is separated from June Jinbian blood collected from Chongqing university campus at 10/13/2016, and is named as XL-0044.
Identification of XL-0044
The ITS sequencing Sequence of XL-0044 is shown in a Sequence table (SEQ ID NO. 1), and the Sequence similarity with Sequence ID MW392046.1 is the highest and is 99.45%.
Based on the above identification results, XL-0044 belongs to Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus).
Example 2 major morphological characteristics of Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044
Aspergillus aculeatus XL-0044 is connected with a PDA culture medium and cultured for 3 days at 28 ℃, the diameter of a bacterial colony reaches 6cm, the bacterial colony is compact and velvet, has more aerial hyphae, is concave in the center, convex in the periphery, flat in the edge, black in the center, white in the edge, flat and radial in the back, yellow and white in the periphery, black dry powder is arranged on the surface of the bacterial colony, no exudate exists, the top sac is spherical or radial when in initial growth, and then is spherical or elliptical, the diameter is 50-65 mu m, the sporophores are colorless or brownish and have spinous processes, the diameter is about 5 mu m, and the sporophores cross the top of the pedicel and are single-layered.
The PDA culture medium formula comprises: 3g/L of potato extract powder, 20g/L of glucose, 14g/L of agar and 5.6 +/-0.2 of pH value.
The single colony morphology of the strain on PDA plate is shown in figure 1, and figure 1-A is the front view of the plate in figure 1-A; FIG. 1-B is a back view of the plate.
Example 3 Activity screening of Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044
A filter paper method is adopted to determine the bacteriostatic activity of the fungus (XL-0044) to be screened on the test fungus (4 pathogenic fungi), and the specific method is as follows:
culture of bacterial liquid: respectively streaking and inoculating the stored fungi to be screened and the tested fungi (4 strains of pathogenic fungi) on a PDA slant culture medium, placing the slant culture medium in an incubator at 28 ℃ for culturing for 72h, directly inoculating the grown slant culture medium into a spare PDB liquid culture medium, placing the culture medium in a shaking table at 28 ℃ and 180rpm for culturing for 48h, and taking out the slant culture medium for later use to obtain the test bacterial liquid.
Secondly, under the aseptic condition, using the fungi to be tested as indicator bacteria, respectively taking a proper amount of bacteria liquid and a PDA flat plate, uniformly coating, clamping three aseptic filter paper sheets by using aseptic tweezers, and respectively dropwise adding a proper amount of bacteria liquid of the strains to be screened on each paper sheet. Culturing in a constant-temperature incubator at 28 ℃ for 72 hours, and observing whether the bacteriostatic effect exists or not.
The PDA slant culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3g/L of potato extract powder, 20g/L of glucose, 14g/L of agar and 5.6 +/-0.2 of pH value.
Experimental results show that XL-0044 has obvious inhibiting effect on 4 plant pathogenic fungi, namely sugarcane alternaria alternata, apple ring spot and corn northern leaf blight and orange brown spot.
Example 4 liquid culture of Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044
(1) Activation of the strain: inoculating the preserved Aspergillus aculeatus XL-0044 on a PDA slant culture medium by streaking, and culturing in an incubator at 28 ℃ for 3 days;
liquid culture of the strain: preparing 200 ml/bottle PDB liquid culture medium, directly inoculating the grown slant into a liquid shake flask, culturing in a shaking table at 28 deg.C and 180rpm for 15 days, and taking out to obtain liquid culture (i.e. fermentation liquid).
(2) Activation of the strain: inoculating the preserved Aspergillus aculeatus XL-0044 on a PDA slant culture medium by streaking, and culturing for 5 days in an incubator at 28 ℃;
liquid culture of the strain: preparing 200 ml/bottle PDB liquid culture medium, directly inoculating the grown slant into a liquid shake flask, culturing in a shaking table at 28 deg.C and 180rpm for 20 days, and taking out to obtain liquid culture (i.e. fermentation liquid).
(3) Activation of the strain: inoculating the preserved Aspergillus aculeatus XL-0044 on a PDA slant culture medium by streaking, and culturing for 4 days in an incubator at 28 ℃;
liquid culture of the strain: preparing 200 ml/bottle PDB liquid culture medium, directly inoculating the grown slant into a liquid shake flask, culturing in a shaking table at 28 deg.C and 180rpm for 18 days, and taking out to obtain liquid culture (i.e. fermentation liquid).
The PDA slant culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3g/L of potato extract powder, 20g/L of glucose, 14g/L of agar and 5.6 +/-0.2 of pH value.
The PDB liquid culture medium formula comprises: 5g/L of potato extract powder, 15g/L of glucose, 10g/L of peptone and 5g/L of sodium chloride, and the pH value is natural.
EXAMPLE 5 preparation of crude Ethyl acetate extract of Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044
The fermentation liquor of example 4 was extracted with an equal volume of ethyl acetate by the following method: oscillating for 30min to fully mix the fermentation liquor with ethyl acetate, standing for 24h for liquid separation, taking out the ethyl acetate phase, namely the upper phase, performing reduced pressure evaporation at 42 ℃ (the vacuum degree is generally-0.08 MPa to-0.01 MPa), completely evaporating the solvent by using a rotary evaporator to obtain a crude extract of the bacterial liquid ethyl acetate, and preserving in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for later use.
EXAMPLE 6 determination of MIC value of crude Ethyl acetate extract of Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044
The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the crude extract of the bacterial liquid ethyl acetate in the embodiment 5 is further determined by a 96-well plate method, which comprises the following steps:
culture of test bacterial liquid: and (3) streaking and inoculating the stored test fungi (4 pathogenic fungi) on a PDA slant culture medium, placing the PDA slant culture medium in an incubator at 28 ℃ for culturing for 72h, directly inoculating the grown slant into a spare PDB liquid culture medium, placing the culture medium in a shaker at 28 ℃ and 180rpm for culturing for 48h, and taking out for later use to obtain the test bacterial liquid.
Preparing a sample solution: 1mg of the crude ethyl acetate extract of the bacterial liquid obtained in example 5 was added with 100uL of DMSO to dissolve the crude ethyl acetate extract sufficiently, and then the volume of the mixture was determined by using DMSO to obtain a 100ug/mL sample solution.
Measuring MIC and MBC by a 96-well plate method: taking a sterile 96-well plate, respectively adding 100 mu L of PDB liquid culture medium into 1-7 wells, taking 100 mu L of sample solution to add into No.1 well, uniformly mixing (the concentration is 50 ug/mL), taking 100 mu L of sample solution out of No.1, adding into No.2 well, uniformly mixing, sequentially diluting to No. 7 well, taking 100 mu L of sample solution out of No. 7 well, and discarding. The sample concentration in the No. 1-7 holes is 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125, 1.563 and 0.7815ug/mL in sequence, and then 100 mul of test bacteria liquid is added respectively. On the same 96-well plate, a hole added with 100 μ L DMSO is used as a blank control, a hole added with only 100 μ L test bacteria solution without sample solution is used as a positive control, and a hole added with only 100 μ L PDB liquid culture medium without test bacteria solution is used as a negative control. The lowest clear concentration of culture in the observation well was the MIC.
The PDA culture medium formula comprises: 3g/L of potato extract powder, 20g/L of glucose, 14g/L of agar and 5.6 +/-0.2 of pH value.
The PDB liquid culture medium formula comprises: 5g/L of potato extract powder, 15g/L of glucose, 10g/L of peptone and 5g/L of sodium chloride, and the pH value is natural.
The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) of Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 against different pathogenic fungi are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Aspergillus aculeatus XL-0044 against different pathogenic fungi
As can be seen from Table 1, XL-0044 has a remarkable inhibitory effect on 4 plant pathogenic fungi, namely, sugarcane black spot pathogen, apple ring spot pathogen, corn northern leaf blight pathogen and orange brown spot pathogen.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Sequence listing
SEQ ID NO.1
tgctgtcggg tgctgggtct tcggggccca acctcccacc cgtgcttacc gtaccctgtt 60
gcttcggcgg gcccgccttc gggcggcccg gggcctgccc ccgggaccgc gcccgccgga 120
gaccccaatg gaacactgtc tgaaagcgtg cagtctgagt cgattgatac caatcagtca 180
aaactttcaa caatggatct cttggttccg gcatcgatga agaacgcagc gaaatgcgat 240
aactaatgtg aattgcagaa ttcagtgaat catcgagtct ttgaacgcac attgcgcccc 300
ctggtattcc ggggggcatg cctgtccgag cgtcatttct cccctccagc cccgctggtt 360
gttgggccgc gcccccccgg gggcgggcct cgagagaaac ggcggcaccg tccggtcctc 420
gagcgtatgg ggctctgtca cccgctctat gggcccggcc ggggcttgcc tcgaccccca 480
atcttctcag attgacctcg gatcaggtag ggatacccgc tgaacttaag catatcaaaa 540
accgggaaga aaaa 554
Sequence listing
<110> Yangling future Zhongke environmental protection science and technology Limited
<120> Aspergillus aculeatus and application thereof
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 554
<212> DNA
<213> 1 (Artificial sequence)
<400> 1
tgctgtcggg tgctgggtct tcggggccca acctcccacc cgtgcttacc gtaccctgtt 60
gcttcggcgg gcccgccttc gggcggcccg gggcctgccc ccgggaccgc gcccgccgga 120
gaccccaatg gaacactgtc tgaaagcgtg cagtctgagt cgattgatac caatcagtca 180
aaactttcaa caatggatct cttggttccg gcatcgatga agaacgcagc gaaatgcgat 240
aactaatgtg aattgcagaa ttcagtgaat catcgagtct ttgaacgcac attgcgcccc 300
ctggtattcc ggggggcatg cctgtccgag cgtcatttct cccctccagc cccgctggtt 360
gttgggccgc gcccccccgg gggcgggcct cgagagaaac ggcggcaccg tccggtcctc 420
gagcgtatgg ggctctgtca cccgctctat gggcccggcc ggggcttgcc tcgaccccca 480
atcttctcag attgacctcg gatcaggtag ggatacccgc tgaacttaag catatcaaaa 540
accgggaaga aaaa 554
Claims (9)
1. Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) at 27 th month 9 in 2021 with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 23267.
2. Use of Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 according to claim 1 for the preparation of a bacteriostatic agent.
3. Use of Aspergillus aculeatus XL-0044 according to claim 2 in the preparation of a bacteriostatic agent for inhibiting fungi including cercospora canescens, apple ring spot, northern leaf blight, and citrus red brown spot.
4. Use of Aspergillus aculeatus XL-0044 according to claim 2 for the preparation of a bacteriostatic agent wherein the active ingredient comprises said culture of Aspergillus aculeatus XL-0044.
5. Use of Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 according to claim 4 for the preparation of a bacteriostatic agent, wherein the culture of Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 is a liquid culture;
the culture method comprises the following steps: inoculating Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 on a PDA slant culture medium by streaking, and culturing in an incubator at 28 deg.C for 3-5 days;
preparing a PDB liquid culture medium, directly inoculating the grown inclined plane into the PDB liquid culture medium, culturing for 15-20 days in a shaking table at 28 ℃ and 180rpm, and taking out to obtain a liquid culture;
the PDA slant culture medium contains: 3g/L of potato extract powder, 20g/L of glucose, 14g/L of agar and 5.6 +/-0.2 of pH value;
the PDB liquid culture medium contains: 5g/L of potato extract powder, 15g/L of glucose, 10g/L of peptone and 5g/L of sodium chloride.
6. An Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 culture according to claim 4 or 5.
7. Use of an Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 culture according to claim 6 for the preparation of a bacteriostatic agent wherein the active ingredient in the bacteriostatic agent comprises an extract of an Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 culture; the extract is obtained by extracting an Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 culture serving as a raw material by using an organic solvent.
8. Use of Aspergillus aculeatus XL-0044 according to claim 7 for the preparation of a bacteriostatic agent, wherein the organic solvent is ethyl acetate.
9. An extract of the culture of Aspergillus aculeatus (Aspergillus aculeatus) XL-0044 according to claim 7 or 8.
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