CN114558666A

CN114558666A - Automatic coal gangue sorting device

Info

Publication number: CN114558666A
Application number: CN202210326403.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王曦; 夏承莉; 张帅; 闫玉乐; 刘衢州; 张海侠; 张林林; 赵寒絮; 王智慧
Original assignee: National Coal Chemical Industry Product Quality Supervision And Examination Center (anhui) (huainan Product Quality Supervision And Examination Institute)
Current assignee: National Coal Chemical Industry Product Quality Supervision And Examination Center (anhui) (huainan Product Quality Supervision And Examination Institute)
Priority date: 2022-03-30
Filing date: 2022-03-30
Publication date: 2022-05-31

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal gangue sorting equipment, in particular to an automatic coal gangue sorting device, namely a ball grinder, which is used for crushing coal gangue; the first feed inlet is arranged at the top of the ball grinder; the rotary separation mechanism is provided with a second feed inlet, and a conveying assembly is arranged between the second feed inlet and the discharge end of the ball grinder and is used for receiving and screening the coal gangue crushed by the ball grinder; the sorting box is arranged at a discharge port of the rotary separating mechanism; in the invention, the coal gangue primarily crushed by the ball mill is conveyed into the inner net layer through the conveying assembly. The rotating shaft is connected with a crushing cutter for crushing the coal gangue on the inner net layer, and the coal gangue is crushed in multiple stages, so that the subsequent separation efficiency and quality are ensured; the inner shell is connected with the outer shell through a staggered net layer structure, the inclined ends of the staggered net layer structure are located at the upper edges of the sieve holes of the inner shell, and the separation box adopts a multi-stage separation structure and is used for carrying out multi-specification separation on coal gangue.

Description

Automatic coal gangue sorting device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal gangue sorting equipment, in particular to an automatic coal gangue sorting device.

Background

Coal is one of the main energy sources of many countries, and coal mining and energy production have great influence on the environment, so that the sustainable utilization of coal as the main energy source is limited. Coal mining waste has become a major environmental problem worldwide, particularly for countries where coal is the main energy source. The coal gangue is a solid waste generated in the coal mining and washing processes, accounts for 15% -20% of the yield of raw coal, has low utilization value, and has various phase compositions, such as kaolin, quartz phase, amorphous phase and the like. The accumulation of coal gangue in large quantities causes a number of problems, such as land occupation, management of waste, harm to living beings, pollution of soil and groundwater by rain wash, etc. In the past decades, due to the shift to sustainable development and the increasing demand for solving the problem of coal gangue accumulation, the development of coal gangue has received extensive attention.

At present, the coal gangue mainly has the following utilization ways: (1) and (4) combustion utilization. According to statistics, the calorific value of about 30 percent of coal gangue in China is 3200-6200kJ/kg, and the calorific value of partial coal gangue after screening can reach 15000 kJ/kg. The value of the circulating fluidized bed combustion can be effectively exerted, and the method is an effective way for utilizing the coal gangue. (2) Producing chemical raw materials or novel materials. In view of the high content of Al element in the coal gangue, the extraction of alumina from coal gangue to prepare aluminum products, and the preparation of novel ceramics, zeolite molecular sieves and silicon carbide are also the direction of effectively utilizing the coal gangue. (3) Producing building material and product. The chemical components of the coal gangue are similar to those of clay minerals, and the coal gangue can partially or completely replace the clay to be used for manufacturing cement, bricks or roadbed materials and the like; (4) and (5) producing the fertilizer. The coal gangue contains high content of organic substances, is an ideal substrate carrying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the pore structure of the coal gangue can inhibit soil adhesion and improve soil porosity.

And the coal gangue is sorted before being utilized. The coal gangue with different specifications can be applied differently. The existing coal gangue sorting and screening device is too complex in operation of sorting specification levels of coal gangue, too complex in equipment structure, and mostly incapable of realizing crushing, transmission and multistage powder screening of the coal gangue, and although some can be realized, the effect on the multistage powder screening is not good.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an automatic coal gangue sorting device, and the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the invention provides an automatic coal gangue sorting device, which comprises:

the ball grinding machine is used for crushing the coal gangue;

the first feed inlet is arranged at the top of the ball grinder;

the rotary separation mechanism is provided with a second feed inlet, and a conveying assembly is arranged between the second feed inlet and the discharge end of the ball grinder and is used for receiving and screening the coal gangue crushed by the ball grinder;

the sorting box is arranged at a discharge port of the rotary separating mechanism, a first sieve plate is obliquely arranged in the sorting box, a slide rail is arranged on the inner wall of the sorting box, the first sieve plate is in sliding connection with the slide rail, a second sieve plate is arranged below the first sieve plate, a vibrating motor is arranged on the second sieve plate, an output end of the vibrating motor is provided with a rod body, upper and lower ends of the rod body are respectively provided with a first limiting part, a first spring is sleeved between the first limiting part and the end part of the rod body, the second sieve plate is provided with a sorting area around, a vibrating motor mounting area is arranged in the middle, a second limiting part is arranged between the sorting area and the mounting area, the first limiting part positioned above the sorting area is movably connected with a third sieve plate, a fourth sieve plate is arranged below the third sieve plate, and the fourth sieve plate is connected with the third sieve plate through a second spring, the position that corresponds the second sieve on the separation box is equipped with first discharge gate, the position that corresponds the third sieve on the separation box is equipped with the second discharge gate, the position that corresponds the fourth sieve on the separation box is equipped with the third discharge gate.

Preferably, the rotary separating mechanism comprises an inner net layer and an outer shell layer, a support is arranged on the inner net layer, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the support, a sealing plate is arranged at one end of the rotary separating mechanism, and the end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the sealing plate to be connected with the output shaft of the motor.

Preferably, the outer shell layer comprises an inner shell and an outer shell, the inner shell is provided with sieve holes, the inner wall of the outer shell is smoothly arranged, and the discharge hole is formed in the outer shell.

Preferably, the inner shell and the outer shell are connected by a staggered mesh layer structure.

Preferably, the end of the first screen plate is connected with a push-pull member, which is used for pulling or pushing the first screen plate into the sorting box.

Preferably, the first sieve plate comprises a sieve mesh part and a smooth part, the sieve mesh part corresponds to the sorting area on the second sieve plate, and the smooth part corresponds to the mounting area on the second sieve plate.

Preferably, the fourth screen plate includes an inclined portion and a horizontal portion, and the horizontal portion is connected to a second spring located below the rod body.

Preferably, an elastic net is arranged between the outer end of the third sieve plate and the inner wall of the sorting box.

Preferably, the rotating shaft is connected with a crushing knife for crushing the coal gangue positioned on the inner net layer.

Preferably, the inclined ends of said interlaced mesh layer structure are located at the upper edges of the holes of the inner shell.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

the coal gangue primarily crushed by the ball grinder is conveyed into the inner net layer through the conveying assembly. The rotating shaft is connected with a crushing cutter for crushing the coal gangue on the inner net layer, and the coal gangue is crushed in multiple stages, so that the subsequent separation efficiency and quality are ensured;

the inner shell is connected with the outer shell through a staggered net layer structure, the inclined ends of the staggered net layer structure are positioned at the upper edges of the sieve holes of the inner shell, so that coal gangue flying out of the inner net layer through high-speed rotation rebounds to the inner net layer when impacting the outer shell;

the separation box adopts a multistage separation structure to separate the coal gangue in multiple specifications.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rotating separating mechanism and a sorting box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection between the ball grinder and the rotating and separating mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a first screen deck structure of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of an interleaved web layer structure of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings, which are provided for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.

It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

It should be noted that, the step numbers in the text are only for convenience of explanation of the specific embodiments, and do not serve to limit the execution sequence of the steps.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment/mode," "some embodiments/modes," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment/mode or example is included in at least one embodiment/mode or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment/mode or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments/modes or examples. Furthermore, the various embodiments/aspects or examples and features of the various embodiments/aspects or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without conflicting therewith.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise. Meanwhile, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless explicitly specified or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, for example, as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; the connection can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.

Reference is made to fig. 1-4.

The invention provides an automatic coal gangue sorting device, which comprises: a ball grinding machine 2 for crushing the coal gangue; the first feed port 1 is arranged at the top of the ball grinder 2; the rotary separation mechanism 5 is provided with a second feed inlet 4, and a conveying assembly 3 is arranged between the second feed inlet 4 and the discharge end of the ball grinder 2 and is used for receiving and screening the coal gangue crushed by the ball grinder;

it should be noted that the conveying assembly 3 may be a conventional transmission skin structure, but the structure of the discharging position of the conveying assembly 3 corresponds to the structure of the feeding hole of the rotating separation mechanism 5.

The separation box 6 is arranged at a discharge hole 57 of the rotary separation mechanism 5, a first sieve plate 7 is obliquely arranged in the separation box 6, a slide rail 61 is arranged on the inner wall of the separation box 6, a sliding connection is formed between the first sieve plate 7 and the slide rail 61, a second sieve plate 9 is arranged below the first sieve plate 7, a vibrating motor 8 is arranged on the second sieve plate 9, a rod body 10 is arranged at the output end of the vibrating motor 8, first limiting parts 12 are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the rod body 10, a first spring 11 is sleeved between the first limiting parts 12 and the end part of the rod body 10, a separation area is arranged around the second sieve plate 9, a mounting area of the vibrating motor 8 is arranged in the middle of the second sieve plate 9, a second limiting part 91 is arranged between the separation area and the mounting area, a third sieve plate 13 is movably connected with the first limiting part 12 positioned above, and a fourth sieve plate 16 is arranged below the third sieve plate 13, be connected through second spring 17 between fourth sieve 16 and the third sieve 13, the position that corresponds second sieve 9 on the separation box 6 is equipped with first discharge gate 63, the position that corresponds third sieve 13 on the separation box 6 is equipped with second discharge gate 62, the position that corresponds fourth sieve 16 on the separation box 6 is equipped with third discharge gate 64.

In one embodiment, the rotating separation mechanism 5 comprises an inner mesh layer 54 and an outer shell layer, a bracket 55 is arranged on the inner mesh layer 54, a rotating shaft 56 is fixedly connected to the bracket 55, a sealing plate is arranged at one end of the rotating separation mechanism 5, and the end of the rotating shaft 56 penetrates through the sealing plate to be connected with an output shaft of a motor.

Further, the outer shell layer comprises an inner shell 52 and an outer shell 51, wherein the inner shell 52 is provided with a sieve hole, the inner wall of the outer shell 51 is smoothly arranged, and the discharge hole 57 is formed in the outer shell.

The coal gangue primarily crushed by the ball grinder is conveyed into the inner net layer through the conveying component 3. The rotating shaft 56 is connected with a crushing knife for crushing the coal gangue positioned on the inner net layer 54.

The motor drives the rotating shaft 56 to rotate at a high speed, the inner mesh layer 54 rotates synchronously, so that the smaller coal gangue in the inner mesh layer 54 passes through the inner mesh layer to be contacted with the inner shell 52, passes through the sieve holes 53 on the inner mesh layer 52, enters between the inner shell 52 and the outer shell 51, and then enters the sorting box 6 through the discharge hole 57.

Among them, the coal gangue remaining in the inner mesh layer 54 is further pulverized by the pulverizing blade, and then enters between the inner casing 52 and the outer casing 51 and then enters the separation box 6 through the discharge port 57 while the inner mesh layer 54 is rotated at a high speed.

However, the coal refuse flying out of the inner mesh layer 52 by the high-speed rotation has a problem of rebounding back to the inner mesh layer 52 when hitting the housing 51.

Thus, in one embodiment, the inner shell 52 is connected to the outer shell 21 by a staggered mesh layer structure.

The inclined ends B of the interlaced mesh layer structure are located at the upper edges of the mesh holes 53 of the inner shell 52.

In the above embodiment, the surface structure of the inner mesh layer 54 is similar to a continuous concavo-convex structure, and therefore, in the case of high-speed rotation thereof, the coal gangue located on the surface of the inner mesh layer may rub and collide with the concavo-convex structure, and therefore another object of the inner mesh layer structure is to accelerate the disintegration of the coal gangue.

The end of the first screening deck 7 is connected with a push-pull member 73, which is used for pulling out or pushing in the first screening deck 7 to the sorting box 6.

The gangue specification remaining on the first sieve 7, accessible push-and-pull piece 73 will be with first sieve 7 pull out sorting box 6 and arrange in order, impel sorting box 6 with first sieve 7 and continue to carry out work after this operation.

It is contemplated that the push-pull member 73 may be connected to the output of an air or hydraulic cylinder or linear motor, using electrical controls. And the air cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder or the linear motor may be installed outside the sorting box 6.

The first screening deck 7 comprises a screen section 71 and a smooth section 72, said screen section 71 corresponding to a sorting zone on the second screening deck 9, said smooth section 72 corresponding to a mounting zone on the second screening deck 9. In order to avoid the coal gangue after the first sieve plate 7 is sieved from impacting the vibrating motor. Another purpose of the design of the second screening deck 9 is that the sorting box can continue to work when the first screening deck 7 is pulled out of the sorting box 6. The screening specification of the part of the screen section 71 of the second screening deck 9 located below the discharge opening 57 is therefore the same as the screening specification of the first screening deck.

The fourth screen plate 16 includes an inclined portion 14 and a horizontal portion 15, and the horizontal portion 15 is connected to a second spring 11 located below the rod body 10.

An elastic net is arranged between the outer end part of the third sieve plate 13 and the inner wall of the sorting box 6, and the aim is to prevent the coal gangue which passes through the third sieve plate 13 powder sieve from falling into the fourth sieve plate 16 through the end part of the coal gangue.

The first discharge port 63, the second discharge port 62 and the third discharge port 64 in the above embodiments may all adopt a drawing structure connected with the sorting box 6.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. An automatic coal gangue sorting device is characterized by comprising:

the ball grinding machine (2) is used for crushing the coal gangue;

the first feeding hole (1) is formed in the top of the ball grinder (2);

the rotary separation mechanism (5) is provided with a second feeding hole (4), and a conveying assembly (3) is arranged between the second feeding hole (4) and the discharge end of the ball grinder (2) and used for receiving and screening the coal gangue crushed by the ball grinder;

the sorting box (6) is arranged at a discharge hole (57) of the rotary separating mechanism (5), a first sieve plate (7) is obliquely arranged in the sorting box (6), a slide rail (61) is arranged on the inner wall of the sorting box (6), the first sieve plate (7) is in sliding connection with the slide rail (61), a second sieve plate (9) is arranged below the first sieve plate (7), a vibrating motor (8) is installed on the second sieve plate (9), the output end of the vibrating motor (8) is provided with a rod body (10), the upper end and the lower end of the rod body (10) are respectively provided with a first limiting part (12), a first spring (11) is sleeved between the first limiting part (12) and the end part of the rod body (10), the second sieve plate (9) is provided with a sorting area all around, a vibrating motor (8) mounting area is arranged in the middle of the sorting area, and a second limiting part (91) is arranged between the sorting area and the mounting area, be located the top first locating part (12) swing joint has third sieve (13), the below of third sieve (13) is equipped with fourth sieve (16), be connected through second spring (17) between fourth sieve (16) and third sieve (13), the position that corresponds second sieve (9) on separation box (6) is equipped with first discharge gate (63), the position that corresponds third sieve (13) on separation box (6) is equipped with second discharge gate (62), the position that corresponds fourth sieve (16) on separation box (6) is equipped with third discharge gate (64).

2. The coal gangue automatic sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the rotary separating mechanism (5) comprises an inner mesh layer (54) and an outer shell layer, a support (55) is arranged on the inner mesh layer (54), a rotating shaft (56) is fixedly connected to the support (55), a sealing plate is arranged at the other end of the rotary separating mechanism (5), and the end part of the rotating shaft (56) penetrates through the sealing plate to be connected with the output shaft of the motor.

3. The coal gangue automatic sorting device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the outer shell layer comprises an inner shell (52) and an outer shell (51), the inner shell (52) is provided with screen holes, the inner wall of the outer shell (51) is smoothly arranged, and the discharge port (57) is formed with the outer shell.

4. The coal gangue automatic sorting device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the inner casing (52) and the outer casing (21) are connected by a staggered mesh layer structure.

5. The coal gangue automatic sorting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a push-pull member (73) is connected to an end of the first screen deck (7) for pulling out or pushing in the first screen deck (7) into the sorting box (6).

6. The coal gangue automatic sorting device of claim 1, wherein the first screen deck (7) comprises a screen section (71) and a smooth section (72), the screen section (71) corresponding to a sorting area on the second screen deck (9), the smooth section (72) corresponding to a mounting area on the second screen deck (9).

7. The coal gangue automatic sorting device of claim 1, wherein the fourth screen deck (16) comprises an inclined portion (14) and a horizontal portion (15), the horizontal portion (15) being connected to a second spring (11) located below the rod body (10).

8. The coal gangue automatic sorting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein an elastic net is arranged between the outer end part of the third sieve plate (13) and the inner wall of the sorting box (6).

9. The automatic coal gangue sorting device according to claim 2, wherein a crushing knife is connected to the rotating shaft (56) for crushing the coal gangue at the inner mesh layer (54).

10. The coal gangue automatic sorting device of claim 4, wherein the inclined ends of the staggered mesh layer structure are located at the upper edges of the screen holes of the inner casing (52).